試卷第=page66頁，共=sectionpages66頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁Unit4單元話題七選五專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(名校最新真題)（2022·遼寧·高一期末）Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Therearemanykindsofdisasters,withwidedistribution,highfrequencyandheavylosses.Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.____1____ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandcomplexsituation.Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.____2____Let’shavealook.FireWhenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.____3____Rollonthegroundifyoufindyourclothesonfire.Itistoodangeroustotaketheelevatorinthissituation,soitisbettertouseabundleofropeandsafelyslidedownfromthebalcony.Jumpingoffthebuildingblindlywillcauseseriousinjuries.Mud-rockflowRainstormmaycausemud-rockflow,anit’sreallydangeroustostaydownstream.Whenyoutrytoescapefromit,insteadofgoingalongthebottomoftheditch,itismuchwisertoclimbupthemountainhorizontallyquickly.Pleaseescapefromditchwhenselectingcampingfield.It’simportanttochecktheweatherwhengoingintothemountainFlood____4____Wecoulduseawoodenbedortabletomakearaftandtieittoabigtreewithasafety.

rope.Wehavetopreparefoodandwarmclothestogetthroughit.LightningstrikeOncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.____5____Ofcourse,youalsoshouldstayawayfromirontowerpoles.Weneedtopayattentiontoitevenwhenwestayathome.Closethedoors,windowsandcutoffthepower.A．Cutoffthepowerandshutoffwatersources.B．Pleasedon’tstandunderthetreeinsuchkindofweather.C．Trytofindahigherplace,butstayingonaroofisn’tagoodchoice.D．Firstyouneedtotakeshelter,thenfindagapunderthetableorbed.E．LossescausedbynaturaldisasterinChinaarecontinuouslyincreasing.F．Theyalsoplayapartinpopularizetheknowledgeandself-rescueskills.G．Inthatcase,pleasecoveryournoseandyourmouthwithawettowel.（2022·遼寧·高一期末）In2004,atsunami(海嘯)aroundtheIndianOceankilledatleast25000peopleacrossadozencountries.Thehugedeathwasinpartcausedbythefactthatmanycommunitiesreceivednowarming.____6____Yetintheminutesandhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimalsseemedtosensethecomingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickensabandonedlow-lyingnestingareas.____7____.Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspiredsomeresearcherstodevoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhichcanpredicttheupcomingnaturaldisasters.Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbeforeanearthquake.____8____Justtwoweeksbeforetheearthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations(擾動)happenedinlocalatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofourminutes.ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuchclosertotheground–specifically,snakes.“____9____”JiangWeisong,thedirectoroftheorganizationsaid.“Whenanearthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.”____10____.Andeveniftheydohelp,animalmovementsaloneareunlikelytobeenoughtoprovide.Peoplewillneedtorelyonacombinationofearlywarningsignalstogetthefullpicture.A．EvendogsrefusedtogooutdoorsB．SnakesareperhapsthemostsensitivecreaturestoearthquakesC．LocalmanmadeearlywarningsystemsfailedtoraiseanyclearalarmD．SomeanimalswillmakenoisetotellthehumanbeingsoftheaccidentE．AndscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocalanimalbehaviorF．FinallyweshouldmakefulluseoftheanimalearlywarningsystemsinscientificresearchG．Notallexpertsthinkthatanimalearlywarningsystemsareareliableoptionforpredictingdisasters（2022·廣西河池·高一期末）Unlikehurricanesorfloods,earthquakeshappenwithoutwarningandareusuallyfollowedbysimilaraftershocks,althoughtheaftershocksareusuallylesspowerfulthanthequake.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofanearthquake,there’softenonlyashorttimetodecidewhattodo.___11___●Droptotheground.Thedrop,cover,andholdontechniqueisthecousinofthefamous“stop,dropandroll”forfires.Whileit’snottheonlymethodofprotectingyourselfindoorsduringanearthquake,itisthepreferredmethodoftheRedCross.Bigearthquakesoccurwithoutmuch,ifany,warning.___12___Asmallearthquakecouldturnintoabigearthquakeinasplit-second;it’sbettertobesafethansorry.●Takecover.Getunderafirmtableorotherpieceoffurniture.___13___Ifthereisn’tatableordesknearyou,coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcrouch(蜷縮)inaninsidecornerofthebuilding.●Holdon.___14___Holdontowhateversurfaceorplatformyou’vegottenunderandwaitfortheshakingtostop.Ifyouwereunabletofindasurfacetohideunder,continuetokeepyourheadprotectedbyyourarmsandtucked(躲藏，隱藏)downlow.●___15___Researchershaveshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopletrytochangetheplaceofhidingorwhentheplaceiscrowdedandeveryonehasagoaltogetoutsidesafe.A．Stayinsideuntilit’ssafetogetout.B．Inthatcase,movetothenearestsafeplace.C．Stairsaredangerousplacestowalkduringanearthquake.D．Soit’srecommendedthatyoudroptothefloorassoonasithits.E．Ifpossible,stayawayfromwindowsandanythingthatcouldfall.F．Thegroundmaybeshakingandpiecesofwoodorbrickcouldbefalling.G．Studyingthefollowingadvicecouldbethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.（2022·山東·青島城陽京華學(xué)校高一期末）Atsunamiisaseriesofhugewavesthatcankillmanypeopleanddestroyawholecountry.AterribletsunamidisasterhappenedonDecember26,2004.____16____ItissaidthatitmightnotbetheworstandafuturetsunamiintheIndianOceancouldaffectSingapore,Somalia,WesternAustralia,andmanyotherplaces.Theword“tsunami”comesfromJapanesewords.Atsunamicanbecausedbynaturalphenomenonsuchaslandslides,volcaniceruptions,largeasteroidimpacts(小行星撞擊地球),andearthquakesoccurringunderwaterorclosetoabodyofwater.____17____Atsunamiusuallycannotbeseenwhileittravelsthroughdeepwater.____18____OnDecember26,2004,somepeoplesawtheseasuddenlydisappearedjustbeforethewavescameandknewthatsomethingwaswrong.Somepeoplemanagedtorunfastfromitandsurvived,butmanypeople,whodidnotseeanysignsordidnotrunfastenough,died.____19____Ifyouareinacoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback,theonlychanceofsurvivalistorunforhighgroundorforthehighfloorsofhigh-risebuildings.Butbecauseitmovestoofastforpeopletorunfromit,onlythosewhoareluckymanagetosurvive.Sincethetsunamiof2004,manypeopleknowmoreabouttsunami.____20____A．Theeventforcedofficialstodevelopabettertsunamiwarningsystem.B．Itcouldalsobecausedbynuclearweaponsthatareexplodedatsea.C．Ittravelsfastunderwater,sometimesuptoabout1,000kilometersperhour.D．Thenexttimeatsunamistrikes,hopefullymorepeoplewillbeabletosurvive.E．TsunamiisaJapanesewordforaharmfuloceanwavecausedbyanunderseaearthquake.F．Asatsunamigetsclosetotheshore,itbecomesaseriesofwavesupto150metershigh.G．Onthatday,ahugetsunamisweptthroughtheIndianOceankillingabout300,000people.（2022·陜西商洛·高一期末）Theaftermath(后果)ofanearthquakecanbehorrible,butitisimportantthatyouareattentiveandfocusedafteranearthquakehappens.Fires,gasleaks,andinjuriesarealldangersyoumightfaceafteranearthquake.___21___Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocalauthorities,yourchancesofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.Checkyourselfforinjuries.___22___Ifyou’rebleeding,liftyourinjuryupandputpressureonit.Ifyourinjuryisserious,callforhelpusingacellphoneortrytogetrescuers’attention.___23___Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan’tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyonsomethingnearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.___24___Soyoushouldpreparetomovetoasafelocation,likeanopenoutdoorspaceorastructurallysoundbuilding.Exitthebuildingandgotoasaferplaceoncetheshakinghasstopped.Thestructureofthebuildingyou’reinmayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.___25___A．Signalforhelpifyouaretrapped.B．Theycancausesignificantdamage.C．Remaincalmastheearthquakeoccurs.D．Themorepreparedyouare,thesaferyou’llbe.E．Makesureyou’renotseriouslyhurtbeforeyoudoanything.F．Aftertheearthquake,youmustgetmedicaltreatmentintime.G．Therefore,youshouldleaveassoonaspossibleincaseofanyaftershocks.（2022·海南·嘉積中學(xué)高一期末）Itisimpossibletostopahurricaneormakeitchangeitsway,soifyoueverfindyourselfinthepathofahurricane,____26____.Besureyouhaveabattery-poweredradio,full-chargedmobilephones,freshdrinkingwaterandasupplyoffood.____27____,besureyouhavefullsupply.Tellneighbors,friendsandfamilymembersyouremergencyplans.Tellthemwhereyou’llgoifyouneedtoleaveyourhome.Ifyouliveneartheocean,inlow-lyingarea,orinamobilehome,____28____.Youcouldstaywithafriendorfamilymemberinaninlandhotelormotel,orinanemergencyshelterarea.Keeplisteningtotheradioifahurricaneisapproaching.Iflocalauthoritiesinstructyoutoevacuate,doitimmediately.____29____.Iftheelectricitygoesout,thefuelpumpsatgasstationswillnotwork.____30____.Youcouldbeseriouslyinjuredifyougooutside.Youshouldalwaystakegoodcareofyourpetsandkeepthemindoorsduringastorm.Ifyouhavetoevacuateyourhome,rememberthatpetsarenotallowedinmostemergencysheltersandhotelrooms.A．Stayinsideduringthestorm.B．Leaveyourhomeandtravelinlandtoasafeplace.C．Beforeahurricanearrives,besureyourfamily’scarisfilledwithfuel.D．BesuretofollowthesafetytipsbelowE．Also,ifanyoneofyourfamilyneedsspecialmedicineF．Keepcalmduringthestorm.G．Headforasaferplaceandstayindoors.（2021·甘肅·嘉峪關(guān)市第一中學(xué)高一期中）Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.___31___Inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrike(擊中)peopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.____32____Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson’schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.___33___Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:＊Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.＊Don’tstandnearthewindows.＊Don’ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.＊Neverusethephone.___34___Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors:＊_____35_____.

Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.＊Donotgounderatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.＊Neveruseacellphone.A．Trytogethomeassoonaspossible.B．Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriously.C．Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou.D．Infact,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear.E．Butyoucanreduce(減少)thosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules.F．Butitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightning.G．Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway.（2022·全國·高一單元測試）Swimsafely!Swimmingisgreatexercise,andatriptoapoolorbeachisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriendsinsummer.____36____,soit’simportanttostaysafeasyoudoit.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotoswimsafely.____37____.Don’tswimunlessthereisalifeguardatwork.Ifyou’reonabeachneartheocean,thisisespecially.Insomeplacesfast-flowingwatercanmoveswimmersawaywithoutwarning.Soifasignsays“noswimming”,payattentiontoit.Becarefulwhendiving（跳入）intothewaterheadfirst.____38____.Innaturalwater,don’tdiveunlessyouknowthatthewaterisdeepenough.Oryoucouldhurtyourheadonthebottom,causinginjuryordeath.Aroundwater,adultsshouldwatchchildrenatalltimestomakesuretheyaresafe.Thosewhodon’tknowhowtoswimshouldwearlifejackets.Butbythemselvestheyarenotenough,soanadultshouldalwaysbepresent.Ifyouhavetorescueachildfromdrowning（淹）,afewsecondscanmakeabigdifference.Makesureyouhaveafriendwithyouwheneveryouswim.____39____,thatpersoncanmakesureyougethelp.Drinkalotwater.Thesun’sheat

andthephysicalactivitymaymakeyousweat（出汗）morethanyourealize.Byfollowingthesesimplerules,youcanmakesureyourswimtimeissafeaswellasfun.____40____!A．ThatwayifsomethinggoeswrongB．Nowgetoutthere,andenjoythewaterC．SwimonlyinareassetapartforswimmingD．MakesureeveryoneinyourfamilyswimwellE．ButsometimesswimmingcanalsobeverydangerousF．MostpoolshavemarkeddeependswheredivingissafeG．Manychildrenwhodrowninhomepoolswereoutofsightwithinminutes答案第=page1313頁，共=sectionpages77頁參考答案：1．E

2．F

3．G

4．C

5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種重大自然災(zāi)害下的防災(zāi)自救知識。1．前文“Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.(在全球氣候變化的背景下，重大自然災(zāi)害時(shí)有發(fā)生)”以及后文“ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchsevereandcomplexsituation.(這使中國面臨更加嚴(yán)峻和復(fù)雜的形勢)”故E項(xiàng)“中國自然災(zāi)害造成的損失不斷增加?！背薪由衔挠性S多自然災(zāi)害，損失不斷增加引出下文面臨更嚴(yán)峻和復(fù)雜的形式。故選E項(xiàng)。2．前文“Inordertorasetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregivetothepublic.(為了提高防災(zāi)意識，最大限度地減少損失，政府向公眾發(fā)出警告和指示)”故F項(xiàng)“他們還在普及知識和自救技能方面發(fā)揮了作用?！迸c前文為并列關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)。3．前文“Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.(當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，煙霧威脅最大)”故G項(xiàng)“那樣的話，請用濕毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴?！笔腔馂?zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)避免煙霧威脅的措施。故選G項(xiàng)。4．結(jié)合小標(biāo)題“Flood(洪水)”可知，本段主要講述洪水來臨時(shí)的辦法。故C項(xiàng)“試著找一個(gè)更高的地方，但是呆在屋頂上不是一個(gè)好的選擇?！狈洗颂幒樗畞砼R時(shí)的語境。故選C項(xiàng)。5．前文“Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.(在陰天和雨天，可能會發(fā)生雷擊)”故B項(xiàng)“在這樣的天氣里，請不要站在樹下?！狈洗颂幷Z境，下雨天站在樹下十分危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。6．C

7．A

8．E

9．B

10．G【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害時(shí)，動物會出現(xiàn)一些異常行為進(jìn)行預(yù)警，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注動物發(fā)出的災(zāi)害警告。6．設(shè)空處位于段末，上文主要講了印度洋發(fā)生的海嘯造成了重大損失，下文第二段首句“Yetintheminutesandhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimalsseemedtosensethecomingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.”出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，提到了災(zāi)難爆發(fā)前，一些動物感覺到了危險(xiǎn)，由此可知上文段末句應(yīng)與本句對應(yīng)，與“動物預(yù)警”對應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是“人的預(yù)警”。C項(xiàng)“Localmanmadeearlywarningsystemsfailedtoraiseanyclearalarm.(當(dāng)?shù)氐娜斯ゎA(yù)警系統(tǒng)未能發(fā)出清晰的警報(bào)。)”一方面與上文提到的災(zāi)難對應(yīng)，另一方面“manmadeearlywarningsystem”與下文的“animalsseemedtosensethecomingdanger”對應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。7．上文“Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickensabandonedlow-lyingnestingareas.”提到了大象和雞在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前的反應(yīng)；下文“Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspiredsomeresearcherstodevoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhichcanpredicttheupcomingnaturaldisasters.”提到了這些動物在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前的行為引起了研究人員的關(guān)注，屬于總結(jié)性的話語，由此可推知，中間還提到一類動物的反應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)“Evendogsrefusedtogooutdoors.(就連狗也不愿出門。)”恰好與上文存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。8．上文“Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbeforeanearthquake.”提到了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)地震前一些家畜會出現(xiàn)異常行為。下文“Justtwoweeksbeforetheearthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations(擾動)happenedinlocalatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofourminutes.”提到了地震發(fā)生前兩周，當(dāng)?shù)卮髿怆姾擅績傻剿姆昼娋蜁l(fā)生強(qiáng)烈擾動，這是在分析動物行為異常的原因，故前后之間需要一個(gè)過渡句。E項(xiàng)“Andscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocalanimalbehavior.(科學(xué)家們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了可能導(dǎo)致當(dāng)?shù)貏游镄袨樽兓脑颉?”中的“Andscientistsalsofound”與上文“scientistsfound”對應(yīng)，“whatmightleadtothechanges”與下文的內(nèi)容對應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。9．上文“ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuchclosertotheground–specifically,snakes.”提到了中國建立了地震預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，監(jiān)測動物，尤其是蛇的行為；下文“Whenanearthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.”提到了蛇在地震發(fā)生前的特殊行為；由此可知，設(shè)空處還是在談與蛇有關(guān)的事。B項(xiàng)“Snakesareperhapsthemostsensitivecreaturestoearthquakes.(蛇可能是對地震最敏感的生物。)”與上下文對應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。10．設(shè)空處位于段首，故需具有統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文的作用。下文“Andeveniftheydohelp,animalmovementsaloneareunlikelytobeenoughtoprovide.Peoplewillneedtorelyonacombinationofearlywarningsignalstogetthefullpicture.”提到了即使動物預(yù)警有幫助，但僅僅依靠動物運(yùn)動來預(yù)警也不夠，人類也需要依靠預(yù)警信號充分掌握具體情況。由此可推知，前面應(yīng)該是提到有些人懷疑動物預(yù)警的可靠性。G項(xiàng)“Notallexpertsthinkthatanimalearlywarningsystemsareareliableoptionforpredictingdisasters.(并非所有專家都認(rèn)為動物早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)是預(yù)測災(zāi)害的可靠選擇)”恰好與下文具體內(nèi)容對應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。11．G

12．D

13．E

14．F

15．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾條地震時(shí)該如何反應(yīng)的建議。11．上文“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofanearthquake,there’softenonlyashorttimetodecidewhattodo.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處地震之中，通常只有很短的時(shí)間來決定該做什么)”說明身處地震中，決定該做什么的時(shí)間很短，G項(xiàng)“研究以下建議可能是生與死的區(qū)別?！背薪由衔模鱿挛膬?nèi)容，符合題意。故選G。12．本段標(biāo)題句“Droptotheground.(臥倒在地上)”說明本段給出的建議是臥倒在地，D項(xiàng)中droptothefloor是關(guān)鍵短語，D項(xiàng)“所以建議地震一發(fā)生你就臥倒在地?！狈媳径沃髦?。故選D。13．本段標(biāo)題句“Takecover.(躲起來)”說明本段給出的建議是躲起來，以及上文“Getunderafirmtableorotherpieceoffurniture.(躲到堅(jiān)硬的桌子或其他家具下面)”說明躲起來時(shí)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)，E項(xiàng)“如果可能的話，遠(yuǎn)離窗戶和任何可能墜落的物體?！崩^續(xù)介紹躲起來時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)，符合題意。故選E。14．下文“Holdontowhateversurfaceorplatformyou’vegottenunderandwaitfortheshakingtostop.(固守你已經(jīng)到達(dá)的任何表面或平臺下邊，等待震動停止)”說明要待在相對安全的地方，等待震動停止，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“地面可能會晃動，木塊或磚塊可能會掉落?！苯忉屜挛膭幼鞯脑?，符合題意。故選F。15．下文“Researchershaveshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopletrytochangetheplaceofhidingorwhentheplaceiscrowdedandeveryonehasagoaltogetoutsidesafe.(研究人員已經(jīng)表明，大多數(shù)傷害發(fā)生在人們試圖改變躲藏地點(diǎn)，或當(dāng)這個(gè)地方很擁擠，每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，以安全逃出的時(shí)候)”說明大多數(shù)傷害發(fā)生在人們試圖改變躲藏的地點(diǎn)或者每個(gè)人都想出去時(shí)，A項(xiàng)“待在里面，直到出去是安全的?！闭f明在確認(rèn)安全之前待在里面，引出下文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選A。16．G

17．B

18．C

19．F

20．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是海嘯這種自然災(zāi)害。16．空前說“AterribletsunamidisasterhappenedonDecember26,2004.(2004年12月26日發(fā)生了一場可怕的海嘯災(zāi)難。)”，空后說“Itissaidthatitmightnotbetheworst(據(jù)說這可能不是最糟糕的)”，因此空格處應(yīng)該說2004年12月26日的海嘯所導(dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重后果，G選項(xiàng)“Onthatday,ahugetsunamisweptthroughtheIndianOceankillingabout300,000people.(那天，一場巨大的海嘯席卷了印度洋，造成30萬人死亡。)”說明了前面描述的海嘯的嚴(yán)重后果，因此符合語境，故選G。17．空前說“Atsunamicanbecausedbynaturalphenomenonsuchaslandslides,volcaniceruptions,largeasteroidimpacts(小行星撞擊地球),andearthquakesoccurringunderwaterorclosetoabodyofwater.(海嘯可能是由自然現(xiàn)象引起的，如山體滑坡、火山爆發(fā)、大型小行星撞擊以及發(fā)生在水下或水體附近的地震。)”，B選項(xiàng)“Itcouldalsobecausedbynuclearweaponsthatareexplodedatsea.(它也可能是由在海上爆炸的核武器引起的。)”中的“couldalsobecausedby”和前面的“canbecausedby”相呼應(yīng)，說明了導(dǎo)致海嘯的另外的原因，因此B選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選B。18．空后說“OnDecember26,2004,somepeoplesawtheseasuddenlydisappearedjustbeforethewavescameandknewthatsomethingwaswrong.(2004年12月26日，在海浪到來，人們知道出事之前，一些人看到大海突然消失了。)”，說明海嘯的速度很快，C選項(xiàng)“Ittravelsfastunderwater,sometimesuptoabout1,000kilometersperhour.(它在水下的速度很快，有時(shí)可以達(dá)到每小時(shí)1000公里。)”說明了海嘯的速度很快，和后文內(nèi)容承接，符合語境，故選C。19．空后說“Ifyouareinacoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback,theonlychanceofsurvivalistorunforhighgroundorforthehighfloorsofhigh-risebuildings.(如果你在水突然退來的沿海地區(qū)，唯一的生存機(jī)會是跑向高地或高層建筑的高層。)”，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Asatsunamigetsclosetotheshore,itbecomesaseriesofwavesupto150metershigh.(當(dāng)海嘯靠近海岸時(shí)，它會形成一系列高達(dá)150米的海浪。)”中的“getsclosetotheshore”和后文的“acoastalareawherethewatersuddenlydrawsback”相呼應(yīng)，說明了海嘯引起的浪很巨大，且和后文的“theonlychanceofsurvivalistorun”相呼應(yīng)，因此F選項(xiàng)引起下文，符合語境，故選F。20．空前說“Sincethetsunamiof2004,manypeopleknowmoreabouttsunami.(自從2004年的海嘯之后，很多人對海嘯有了更多的了解。)”，空后應(yīng)說人們更多地了解海嘯將會有什么好處，D選項(xiàng)“Thenexttimeatsunamistrikes,hopefullymorepeoplewillbeabletosurvive.(下次海嘯來襲時(shí)，希望有更多的人能夠幸存。)”說明了作者希望人們更多地了解海嘯，好找到方法幸存，承接上文，符合語境，故選D。21．D

22．E

23．A

24．B

25．G【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了地震后應(yīng)該注意的危險(xiǎn)以及應(yīng)采取的自救方式。21．下文“Byassessingthesafetyofyourlocationandfollowingthedirectionsoflocalauthorities,yourchancesofsurvivingtheaftermathofanearthquakewillbemuchhigher.(通過評估您所在位置的安全性并遵循地方當(dāng)局的指示，您在地震后幸存的幾率將大大提高)”說明如果提前做準(zhǔn)備，那么地震后幸存的幾率會更高，D項(xiàng)“你準(zhǔn)備得越充分，就越安全?！币鱿挛模项}意。故選D。22．上文“Checkyourselfforinjuries.(檢查自己是否受傷)”說明需要檢查自己的身體狀況，E項(xiàng)“在你做任何事情之前，確保你沒有受到嚴(yán)重傷害?！边M(jìn)一步說明要先檢查自己身體是否受傷，然后才能采取行動，符合題意。故選E。23．下文“Useacellphonetocallforhelpifyouhaveone.Ifyoucan’tuseaphone,tryknockingloudlyonsomethingnearbyuntilrescuersfindyou.(如果你有手機(jī)，請用手機(jī)打電話求救。如果你不能使用電話，試著大聲敲打附近的東西，直到救援人員找到你)”說明要采取方式發(fā)出求救信號，A項(xiàng)“如果你被困，發(fā)出求救信號?！币鱿挛?，符合題意。故選A。24．上文“Aftershocksaresmallerearthquakeswhichfollowthemainshockofanearthquake.(余震是繼主震之后發(fā)生的較小地震)”說明地震之后還可能發(fā)生余震，B項(xiàng)中They指代上文中的余震，B項(xiàng)“它們可能會造成重大損害。”說明余震的危害性，承接上文，符合題意。故選B。25．上文“Thestructureofthebuildingyou’reinmayhavebeenweakenedbythemainearthquake.(你所在的大樓的結(jié)構(gòu)可能已經(jīng)被主震削弱了)”說明地震后大樓變得不安全，G項(xiàng)“因此，你應(yīng)該盡可能快地離開以防有任何余震發(fā)生?！闭f明應(yīng)該采取的正確方式，符合題意。故選G。26．D

27．E

28．B

29．C

30．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些在颶風(fēng)發(fā)生時(shí)需要遵循的安全提示。26．根據(jù)上文“Itisimpossibletostopahurricaneormakeitchangeitsway,soifyoueverfindyourselfinthepathofahurricane(阻止颶風(fēng)或改變它的方式是不可能的，所以如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正處于颶風(fēng)的路徑上)”和下文的大概內(nèi)容可知這一句可作為文章的中心句，放在首段的最后一句，引出下文的內(nèi)容。D項(xiàng)：Besuretofollowthesafetytipsbelow(一定要遵循下面的安全提示)符合語境。故選D。27．根據(jù)上文“Besureyouhaveabattery-poweredradio,full-chargedmobilephones,freshdrinkingwaterandasupplyoffood.(確保你有一個(gè)電池供電的收音機(jī)，充滿電的手機(jī)，新鮮的飲用水和充足的食物。)”和下文“besureyouhavefullsupply（保證你有足夠的供應(yīng))”可知，前句有Besureyouhave...,后句也是besureyouhavefullsupply（保證你有足夠的供應(yīng))，是進(jìn)一步闡述發(fā)生的需要供應(yīng)充足的情況，所以E選項(xiàng)中的Also連接適當(dāng)，另外在危機(jī)中，什么情況下保證有足夠供應(yīng)呢？當(dāng)然是需要藥物的時(shí)候。E項(xiàng)：Also,ifanyoneofyourfamilyneedsspecialmedicine(還有，如果你家里有人需要特殊藥物)符合語境。故選E。28．根據(jù)上文“Ifyouliveneartheocean,inlow-lyingarea,orinamobilehome(如果你住在海邊，低洼地區(qū)，或者住在活動房)”和下文“Youcouldstaywithafriendorfamilymemberinaninlandhotelormotel,orinanemergencyshelterarea.(你可以和朋友或家人一起住在內(nèi)陸的酒店或汽車旅館，或在緊急避難所。)”可知，前文說如果你住在海邊、低處或移動的房子，后文接著說你得和朋友或家人待在內(nèi)陸inland的賓館等地方，所以自然中間也是要離開去到安全的地方。B項(xiàng)：Leaveyourhomeandtravelinlandtoasafeplace(離開你的家，到內(nèi)陸一個(gè)安全的地方旅行)符合語境。故選B。29．根據(jù)上文“Iflocalauthoritiesinstructyoutoevacuate,doitimmediately.(如果當(dāng)?shù)卣甘臼枭?，請立即撤離。)”和下文“Iftheelectricitygoesout,thefuelpumpsatgasstationswillnotwork.(如果停電，加油站的油泵就無法工作。)”可知，上文說如果當(dāng)?shù)貦?quán)威部門讓你撤離，趕緊撤離。下文是如果沒電了，汽油站是沒法加油（fuel）的，因此可知撤離之前，趁颶風(fēng)來之前，趕緊加“fuel”。C項(xiàng)：Beforeahurrica