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OneofthemostinterestingparadoxesinAmericatodayisthatHarvardUniversity,theoldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates,isnowengagedinaseriousdebateaboutwhatauniversityshouldbe,andwhetheritismeasuringup.

LiketheRomanCatholicChurchandotherancientinstitutions,itisasking-stillinprivateratherthaninpublic-whetheritspastassumptionsaboutfaculty,authority,admissions,coursesofstudy,arereallyrelevanttotheproblemsofthe1990s.

『ShouldHarvardoranyotheruniversitybeanintellectualsanctuary,apartfromthepoliticalandsocialrevolutionoftheage,orshoulditbealaboratoryforexperimentationwiththesepoliticalandsocialrevolutions;orevenanengineoftherevolution?』①ThisiswhatisbeingdiscussedprivatelyinthebigclapboardhousesoffacultymembersaroundtheHarvardYard.

TheissuewasdefinedbyWaiterLippmann,adistinguishedHarvardgraduate,severalyearsago."Iftheuniversitiesaretodotheirwork,'hesaid,"theymustbeindependentandtheymustbedisinterestedTheyareplacestowhichmencanturnforjudgementswhichareunbiasedbypartisanshipandspecialinterest.『Obviously,themomenttheuniversitiesfallunderpoliticalcontrol,orunderthecontrolofprivateinterests,orthemomenttheythemselvestakeahandinpoliticsandtheleadershipofgovernment,theirvalueasindependentanddisinterestedsourcesofjudgementisimpaired.'』②

ThisispartoftheargumentthatisgoingonatHarvardtoday.Anotherpartistheargumentofthemilitantandevenmanymoderatestudents:thatauniversityisthekeeperofouridealsandmorals,andshouldnotbe"disinterested'butactivistinbringingthenationsidealsandactionstogether.

Harvardsmenoftodayseemmoretroubledandlesssureaboutpersonal,politicalandacademicpurposethantheydidatthebeginning.『Theyarenotevenclearabouthowtheyshoulddebateandresolvetheirproblems,buttheyarestrugglingwiththemprivately,andhowtheycomeoutisboundtoinfluenceAmericanuniversityandpoliticallifeinthe1990s.』③

1.TheissuesinthedebateonHarvardsgoalsarewhethertheuniversitiesshouldremainindependentofoursocietyanditsproblems,andwhethertheyshould.

A.fightmilitarism

B.overcomethewidespreaddrugdependency

C.takeanactivepartinsolvingsocietysills

D.supportouroldandestablishedinstitutions

2.Inregardtotheirgoalsandpurposesinlife,theauthorbelievesthatHarvardmenarebecoming.

A.moresureaboutthem

B.lesssureaboutthem

C.morehopefulofreachingasatisfactoryanswer

D.completelydisillusionedaboutever

3.Theword"paradox'inparagraph1is.

A.aparentheticalexpression

B.adifficultpuzzle

C.anabnormalcondition

D.aself-contradiction

4.Theword"sanctuary'inparagraph3is.

A.aholyplacededicatedtoacertaingod

B.atempleornunneryofmiddleage

C.acertainplaceyoucanhideinandavoidmishaps

D.anacademyforintelligentpeople

5.Intheauthorsjudgement,thefermentgoingonatHarvard.

A.isasadsymbolofourgeneralbewilderment

B.willsoonbeover,becausetimesareboundtochange

C.isofinterestmostlytoHarvardmenandtheirfriends

D.willinfluencefuturelifeinAmerica

Vocabulary

1.paradoxn.似非而是的論點(diǎn);似非而可能是的雋語(yǔ);自相沖突的話

2.sanctuaryn.避難所

3.cl