2022北京首都師大回龍觀育新學(xué)校高二（上）期中

英語(yǔ)考生注意：本試卷共十頁(yè)，共三道大題、43道小題，卷面滿分100分，答題時(shí)間90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在機(jī)讀卡和答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題;每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。“It'snouse,saidJohnny.'Tmjustnogoodatdancing.”“You'vegottokeeptrying.Tonightwillbe],dear.TryaturnwiththatprettyLisette."Johnny2.EverySaturdaynightusedtobethebestoftheweek.HeandhisparentswenttothedanceattheClub,wherehishero,Alcide,playedtheaccordionwiththeband.Butlatelyeverythinghadchanged.NowthatJohnnywasolder,hewas3todancewithagirl.WhenJohnnyandhisparentsarrivedattheClub,musichadalreadystarted.Johnnygotuphis4toapproachLisette.tkMayIhavethisdance?”Johnnyasked."That'sallright,“saidLisette.JohnnystruggledtokeepupwithLisette'ssmoothsteps,buthewasalwaysonebeatbehindher.ThenJohnnyheardhisfriendPierresay,“Look!Johnnyhastwoleteel!”5burstfromthecrowd.Johnnybrokeawayandranoutside,determinednevertogotoanotherdance.ThenextSaturday,Alcide6toJohnny'shousefbrsomepotatoes.HehappenedtohearJohnnyplayingtheaccordion.Alcide'seyes7."Bringthataccordionandplaysomesongstonight,“Alcidesaid.Thenhedroveoff,leavingJohnnystaringopen-mouthedafterhim.AttheClub.JohnnyscannedthecrowdforLisetteand8her,andinvitedherforadance.ThebandplayedfbralongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,“Dearfriends,Igotasurprisefbryoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!”9,Johnnysteppedupontheplatform,hiseyesonthefloor.Hebegantoplay,andthebandjoinedinbehindhim.Whenthesongended,heheardcheers.Johnnykeptplayinguntilthedancewasover."Youdidafinejobtonight.PlaywithusagainnextSaturdaynightJAlcidesaid.uYcs,sir!”saidJohnny.Ashewentoutside,JohnnysawLisetteandherfriendsnearthedoor.Lisettestepped10,smiling.4tYouplayedreallygoodtonightshesaid."Thankyou,^^Johnnyblushed.1.A.difficultB.troublesomeC.differentD.terrible2.A.answeredB.sighedC.smiledD.laughed3.A.expectedB.invitedC.allowedD.chosen4.A.spiritsB.feelingsC.courageD.strength5.A.ShoutsB.LaughterC.ApplauseD.Cheers6.A.ranB.walkedC.droveD.cycled7.A.openedB.rolledC.shaipenedD.widened8.A.caughtB.searchedC.soughtD.spotted9.A.StrugglingB.TremblingC.WanderingD.Whispering10.A.backwardB.upwardC.forwardD.downward考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alcide睜大了眼睛。A.opened打開(kāi)：B.rolled（使）翻滾;C.sharpened（使）變得鋒利；D.widened（使）變寬。根據(jù)后文“ThebandplayedforalongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,t4Dcarfriends,Igotasurpriseforyoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!,,n可知,是Alcide聽(tīng)到Johnny彈奏手風(fēng)琴，拉的很好，所以邀請(qǐng)他上臺(tái)表演，此處是因?yàn)轶@訝而眼睛睜大。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在俱樂(lè)部里，Johnny掃視人群尋找Liselte,發(fā)現(xiàn)了她，邀請(qǐng)她跳舞。A.caught攔住;B.searched搜索：C.soughl尋求;D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)、看見(jiàn)。根據(jù)前文“AliheClub,JohnnyscannedihecrowdforLisetteM以及后文“invitedherforadance."可知，是Johnny在人群中尋找Lisette,找到了她,才會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她跳舞。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Johnny戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地走上平臺(tái)，兩眼望著地板。A.Struggling奮斗；B.Trembling（因緊張、激動(dòng)、驚慌等）顫抖;C.Wandering徘徊;D.Whispering耳語(yǔ)。根據(jù)后文“hiseyesonthefloorn可知，Johnny的心情是緊張，害怕的，所以是顫抖著走上臺(tái)。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Lisette微笑著走上前去。A.backward向后；B.upward向上；C.forward向前；D.downward向下。根據(jù)后文”"Youplayedreallygoodtonight!”shesaid.”可知，Lisette是在贊揚(yáng)Johnny,所以她是走上前和Johnny說(shuō)話。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題;每小題1分，共15分）【答案】11.with12.doing13.isnotmeasured14.but【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。Jason以前是一個(gè)很有錢(qián)的大學(xué)教授，后來(lái)知道每年都有很多人餓死，還有一些地方?jīng)]有學(xué)校和老師后，就把所有的錢(qián)都捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)了。他認(rèn)為成功不是用你有多有錢(qián)衡量，而是你對(duì)生命真諦的理解來(lái)衡量。11題詳解】考查介詞。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大學(xué)教授，擁有一棟六居室大房子和20。萬(wàn)美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“擁有一棟六居室大房子和20（）萬(wàn)美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)”，整個(gè)短語(yǔ)表伴隨，應(yīng)用介詞*th。故填with?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這使他很擔(dān)心，他感到內(nèi)疚，身為富人卻什么都不做。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處位于介詞wiihoul后，作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞doing形式。故填doing。【13題詳解考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：”成功不是用你有多少錢(qián)來(lái)衡量的，而是用你對(duì)?生活真諦的理解來(lái)衡量的。”杰森說(shuō)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)為success,與measure之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“被衡量”，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；結(jié)合句意可知，此處是在陳述客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)success為不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填isnotmeasured。【14題詳解】考查并列連詞。句意：“成功不是用你有多少錢(qián)來(lái)衡量，而是用你對(duì)生活真諦的理解來(lái)衡量的?！苯苌f(shuō)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處前后均為by+how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，前后之間結(jié)構(gòu)一致，故需填一個(gè)并列連詞；結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“成功不是用你有多少錢(qián)來(lái)衡量，而是用你對(duì)生命真諦的理解來(lái)衡量”，not...but...為固定搭配，意為“不是……而是……"。故填but。【答案】15.scars16.began17.where【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了好萊塢明星娜奧米?沃茨的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：娜奧米?沃茨，好萊塢最偉大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英國(guó)。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短語(yǔ)“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，意為“最……的……之一”，“star”意為“明星”，為可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為“stars”。故填stars。【16題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：七歲時(shí)，她開(kāi)始跟隨母親和哥哥在英國(guó)各地旅行，直到1982年他們?cè)诎拇罄麃喍ň?，娜奧米說(shuō)服母親讓她上表演課。根據(jù)句意和句中“Atseven”可知，句中陳述的是娜奧米七歲時(shí)的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),“begin”意為“開(kāi)始”,動(dòng)詞詞性，過(guò)去式為“began”。故填began。17題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：七歲時(shí)，她開(kāi)始跟隨母親和哥哥在英國(guó)各地旅行，直到1982年他們?cè)诎拇罄麃喍ň?，娜奧米說(shuō)服母親讓她上表演課。分析句子可知，句子為限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“Australia”，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞“where”引導(dǎo)從句。故填where?！敬鸢浮?8.topredictwhileembarrassed【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了什么是人格以及理解人格的作用?！?8題詳解】考查不定式和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：理解人格可以讓我們預(yù)測(cè)人們對(duì)待特定情況的反應(yīng)，以及他們的喜好和價(jià)值。allowsbtodosth是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“允許某人做某事"，故填topredict?！?9題詳解】考杳并列連詞。句意：例如，一個(gè)人在面對(duì)新的經(jīng)歷時(shí)可能會(huì)高興地跳起來(lái)，而一個(gè)害羞的人可能會(huì)在一大群人面前感到尷尬。前后分句表達(dá)對(duì)比含義，故填while。【2()題詳解】考杳形容詞。句意：例如，一個(gè)人在面對(duì)新的經(jīng)歷時(shí)可能會(huì)高興地跳起來(lái)，而一個(gè)害羞的人可能會(huì)在一大群人面前感到尷尬。feel后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，修飾人用ed形容詞，故填embarrassed。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者收集大量專家對(duì)書(shū)推薦的數(shù)據(jù)，然后向讀者推薦一些有史以來(lái)最重要的書(shū)。[21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題o由文章第三段“ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews."（這本書(shū)是最詳細(xì)且驚心動(dòng)魄地描述那些導(dǎo)致雙子塔毀滅的事件，以五年來(lái)的研究和成百上千的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)。）可知，TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWright這本書(shū)描述的是TwinTowerso故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ammonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward?*（Ammonite是Griffith的第一本科幻小說(shuō)，出版于1992年,而且獲得Lambda獎(jiǎng)和JamesTiptreeJr獎(jiǎng)。）可知,Ammonite是一本科幻小說(shuō)。故選C項(xiàng)。[23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooksthathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,M（我們擁有世界上最大專家對(duì)書(shū)的推薦的收集數(shù)據(jù)，下面是一些不斷被推薦的書(shū)籍。）可知，文章推薦的書(shū)籍都是專家們多次推薦的。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?4.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)講述一個(gè)年輕女子努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己目標(biāo)的故事，來(lái)表達(dá)如果沒(méi)有一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的理由或FI標(biāo)，生活中的任何事情都是困難的。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddrcamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningal4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.（我曾經(jīng)遇到過(guò)一位年輕女子，她夢(mèng)想成為美國(guó)奧運(yùn)代表隊(duì)的一員。她每天早上4點(diǎn)起床，游泳3個(gè)小時(shí)后才去上學(xué)。星期六晚上她沒(méi)有和朋友聚會(huì)。她必須學(xué)習(xí)，保持好成績(jī)，就像其他人一樣）”可知，文章以一個(gè)年輕女子的故事開(kāi)頭，所以是舉例子開(kāi)頭。故選A項(xiàng)。[25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Il'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices."（她只是說(shuō)，“我這么做是為了我自己和我愛(ài)的人。是愛(ài)讓我克服障礙和犧牲?？芍?，此處是年輕女子在解釋是什么讓她一直堅(jiān)持，所以前面是作者在問(wèn)她是什么促使她有如此超人的野心和犧牲，所以compelled此處是“促使”之意，與forced意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Firsllhe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.（首先是“不想要”，因?yàn)樗鼈儎?chuàng)造了“想要“）”可知，“想要”來(lái)自“不想要”。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題題。根據(jù)第六段中“Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsIhalkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.（我已經(jīng)失去了錢(qián)，多次被挫敗，但正是深層次的情感原因讓我站起來(lái)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。我想在40歲時(shí)自由，但我直到47歲才實(shí)現(xiàn)，一路上有很多學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷）”以及第七段“IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.（我希望我能說(shuō)這很容易。不是，但也不難。但如果沒(méi)有一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的理由或目標(biāo)，生活中的任何事情都是困難的）”可知，后文是對(duì)劃線句子的解釋，所以從劃線的句子中了解到，在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，沒(méi)有更深層次的情感原因，我們可能會(huì)遇到更多的障礙。故選D項(xiàng)。【答案】28.D29.A30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。大多數(shù)成功人士都很關(guān)注自身健康，最近的研究表明健康與成功有聯(lián)系?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的aSuccessfulpersons1汰elyshowupatthehealthclubconsistently,workwithapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.（成功人士可能會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在健康俱樂(lè)部，與私人教練一起工作，或早起幾分鐘進(jìn)行提升心臟的慢跑。成功人士喜歡以充沛的精力和運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的讓人感覺(jué)良好的內(nèi)啡肽開(kāi)始新的一天）”可知，成功人士可能會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在健康俱樂(lè)部、與私人教練一起鍛煉或早起慢跑。由此可推知，成功人上往往更關(guān)注自己的健康狀況。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa''seriouscareerimpediment（妨礙）”.Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularcullure?（當(dāng)被問(wèn)及肥胖問(wèn)題時(shí)，75%的管理者表示，超重是“嚴(yán)重的職業(yè)障礙”。這些回應(yīng)是否反映了我們對(duì)減肥的obsession,并反映了流行文化中不斷報(bào)道的瘦削形象?）”可知，當(dāng)被問(wèn)及肥胖問(wèn)題時(shí)，有高達(dá)75%的管理者表示，超重是“嚴(yán)重的職業(yè)障礙”。因此下文問(wèn)到了“這些回應(yīng)是否反映了我們對(duì)減肥的癡迷”。obsession為名詞，表示“癡迷、著魔"，與craze互為同義表達(dá)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribetheirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerlevel."17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness."（此外，一家領(lǐng)頭經(jīng)理獵頭公司調(diào)查了1300多名經(jīng)理。當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他們對(duì)體重和工作的看法時(shí)，75%的人認(rèn)為良好的身體素質(zhì)”對(duì)管理者的職業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要”。相比之下，17%的人說(shuō)保持身材是“一個(gè)很好的目標(biāo)，但次于良好的身體素質(zhì)“）”可知，經(jīng)理獵頭公司的研究表明，良好的身體素質(zhì)對(duì)職業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?1.C32.A33.D34.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了極限運(yùn)動(dòng)的成功與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。[31題詳解】推理判斷題。分析文章第二段第二句"Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.w（他指出，我們中的大多數(shù)人達(dá)到了一個(gè)自然的上限,這個(gè)（自然上限）限制了我們?cè)趶?fù)雜條件下對(duì)極端風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的欲望。）可知，這里含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為anaturalceiling,定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)anaturalceiling進(jìn)行修飾，“限制了我們?cè)趶?fù):雜條件下對(duì)極端風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的欲望”說(shuō)明許多人不想做極限運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段開(kāi)頭提到的“groupsclimbingEverest”（攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的團(tuán)體）和第二句“T。me,thatjustseemsliketheheightofrisk,^^hesaid.uButtothemitwasthenextstepinanactivitythatthey,vepreparedforyears."（“在我看來(lái)，這似乎是最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，”他說(shuō)?！暗珜?duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這是他們準(zhǔn)備多年的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的下一步。"）可知，登山者為挑戰(zhàn)做了大量的準(zhǔn)備。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段第—句“Anotheraspectofriskperception（認(rèn)知）maybesomethingreferredtoas“theflow"，astateinwhichmanyathletesbecomeabsorbedintheactsthatfbcusthemindcompletelyonthepresent.^^（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的另一個(gè)方面可能是被稱之為“心流”的東西，在這種狀態(tài)下，許多運(yùn)動(dòng)員全神貫注于將精力完全集中在當(dāng)下的行為。）以及后面的進(jìn)一步解釋可知，本段要點(diǎn)就是“theflow”這種特定的精神狀態(tài)會(huì)使你更有可能去嘗試一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Peopleofdifferentskilllevelsexperiencetheflowatdifferentlimes.Somemayalwaysbedriventoadventuresthatothersconsiderextreme.M（不同技能水平的人在不同的時(shí)間體驗(yàn)這種流動(dòng)。一些人可能總是被驅(qū)使去冒險(xiǎn)，而另一些人則認(rèn)為是極端的。）以及后文所舉的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的選擇，所以冒險(xiǎn)是你可以選擇做或選擇避免的事情。故選A項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睹】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開(kāi)頭再看全文找主題句，若無(wú)明顯主題句，就通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞句來(lái)概括（如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動(dòng)詞或反映人物特點(diǎn)的形容詞）。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點(diǎn)才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。例如本文第3題，第五段的要點(diǎn)，就在段落第一句.匕準(zhǔn)確理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要點(diǎn)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，共10分）【答案】35.B36.F37.C38.E39.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“自動(dòng)化”的行為模式，可以有助于人們養(yǎng)成新的好習(xí)慣。自動(dòng)化強(qiáng)調(diào)了小的變化對(duì)產(chǎn)生大的不同的影響。心理學(xué)家KahinaLouis也提出了自己對(duì)此的看法。【35題詳解】根據(jù)上文Anyonewho'striedtoaddsomethingnewtotheirroutineknowsonething:Buildingnewhabitsisn'teasy.可知任何試圖在日常生活中增加一些新東西的人都知道一件事：養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣并不容易。由此可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明為什么養(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣不容易，這是因?yàn)轲B(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣需要時(shí)間和堅(jiān)持。上文中Buildingnewhabits對(duì)應(yīng)到B選項(xiàng)中的It。故B選項(xiàng)”這需要時(shí)間和堅(jiān)持”符合.上下文語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文Forexample:Ifyouwanttosavemorebutitseemsdifficulttoachieve,trytransferringfivedollarstoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyoubuylunchduringtheweek.Ifyouwanttodomoresportsbutaren'tmotivatedtogotothegymeveryday,trydoing5pushupsaftereachtimeyouusetherestroom.可知例如:如果你想存更多的錢(qián)，但似乎很難做到，那就試著每周每次買(mǎi)午餐時(shí)把5美元轉(zhuǎn)到你的儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶上。如果你想做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)，但又不想每天都去健身房，那就試試每次上完廁所后做5個(gè)俯臥撐吧。由此可知，自動(dòng)化的意思是在你原有的習(xí)慣上增加新的習(xí)慣。故F選項(xiàng)“它是你把你想要的新習(xí)慣添加到已有的習(xí)慣上”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Automationworkswellindevelopingnewbehaviorpatternsbecausei（involvestheuseofpositivereinforcement,whichisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsfbrbehaviorchange,“KahinaLouis,apsychologist,tellsShine.可知心理學(xué)家KahinaLouis告訴Shine網(wǎng)站：“自動(dòng)化在開(kāi)發(fā)新的行為模式方面效果很好，因?yàn)樗婕暗借讟O強(qiáng)化的使用，這是改變行為最有力的工具之一。”由此可知，自動(dòng)化是有效的改變行為的工具之一。故C選項(xiàng)“但它在嘗試的過(guò)程中是有效的”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選C。【38題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Asyoushowyourselfeachsmallchangeyou'vemade,you'regivingyourselfthemessagethatyouarec叩ableofaccomplishment,Louissays.可知Louis說(shuō)：“當(dāng)你向自己展示你所做的每一個(gè)小改變時(shí)，你給了自己一個(gè)信息：你有能力完成這些改變?！庇纱丝芍?，這些小的步驟會(huì)激發(fā)你的自信，讓你相信自己有能力完成這些改變。故E選項(xiàng)“這些小步驟會(huì)激發(fā)你的動(dòng)力和自信”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選E。【39題詳解】根據(jù)后文Takealookatwhatthingsyoukeepdoingthroughoutthedayorcourseoftheweektodecidewhentoaddnewautomation.Louissays,“Forexample:Ifyouknowthatyou'realwaysextremelytiredafterwork,thenyoumightconsiderpickinganautohabitthatoccursinyourmorningroutineratherthanintheevening.“可知看看你每天或每周都在做些什么來(lái)決定什么時(shí)候添加新的自動(dòng)化。Louis說(shuō)：“例如如果你知道你下班后總是特別累，那么你可以考慮選擇一個(gè)在早上而不是晚上養(yǎng)成的開(kāi)車(chē)習(xí)慣?！庇纱丝芍径问窃诮ㄗh要找到自己的自動(dòng)習(xí)慣。故A選項(xiàng)“找到你自動(dòng)習(xí)慣”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）［答案］40.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.Itsimportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldne"herHeio〃arynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,it'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Imanagemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.Iimprovemyemotionalcontrolfromtwoaspects.Wheninconflictwithothers,Iaddressitwithashoe-shiftingview,whichhelpsmebelterunderstand（hemandavoidhighlyemotionalresponse.Asfbrmynegativefeelings,Iprefertoletthemoutinahealthyway,suchasrunningorsinging,whichbenefitsmeemotionally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分別有什么表現(xiàn)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Emolionalintelligencerefersto（heabilityloidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.（情商指的是識(shí)別和調(diào)節(jié)自己情緒的能力。）”可知，情商指的是識(shí)別和調(diào)節(jié)自己情緒的能力，故答案為Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions＜）[41題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.（我們都認(rèn)識(shí)高度情緒化的人。他們沒(méi)有做出明智的反應(yīng)，而是傾向于讓自己的情緒控制自己的生活，經(jīng)常說(shuō)或做一些事后可能會(huì)后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情緒化的人傾向于讓他們的情緒控制他們的生活，經(jīng)常說(shuō)或做?些事后可能會(huì)后悔的事情，故答案為Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregreto【42題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit'sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge（報(bào)復(fù)）.（這意味著你知道生氣是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受傷是可以的，但以復(fù)仇的名義做傻事就不對(duì)了。）”可知，題干中說(shuō)“shouldneithergetangry（都不應(yīng)該生氣）”是不對(duì)的，故答案為It'simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,il'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-conlrolangry.?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)客觀事實(shí)，首先，我喜歡寫(xiě)下我的不好的感覺(jué)，這能讓我放開(kāi)它們，這樣我就能更多地關(guān)注讓我快樂(lè)的事情。其次，當(dāng)沖突發(fā)生時(shí)，公開(kāi)談?wù)撐业母惺芎拖敕〞?huì)有幫助。故答案為1managemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.。第二節(jié)（20分）【答案】DearJim,ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinfluencedmealot.ZhangDingyubecamethepresidentofJinyintanHospitalin2016andworkedhardforthedevelopmentofthehospital.Unfortunately,hewasdiagnosedwithALStwoyearslater.However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.Especiallyduringtheoutbreakof（hepandemicofCOVID-19,hewasdedicatedtohelpingthepatientstogettimelytreatmentandpaidlittleattentiontohisownhealth.Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.Iwouldliketolearnhisdedicationtoworkandhispositiveattitudetolife.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國(guó)朋友Jim寫(xiě)一封信，介紹一位你所欽佩的成功人物?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累不幸地：unfortunately—>unkickily然而：however—?nevertheless關(guān)注：payattentionto—*takenoticeof在我看來(lái)：inmyopinion—>inmyview2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.拓展句:Althoughhewasill,hewasstilltotallycommittedtohiswork.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinHuencedmealol.（運(yùn)用了who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）[高分句型2]Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.（運(yùn)用了because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句、which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題;每小題1分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Sixteenyearsago,Jasonwasacollegeprofessor11ahugesix-bedroomhouseandafortuneoftwomilliondollars.Afewyearsago.heknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear,andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.Thisworriedhimalotandhefeltguiltybeingarichmanwithout12(do)anything.Therefore,hegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.''Success13(notmeasure)byhowmuchmoneyyouhave14byhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.44saidJason.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。NaomiWatts,oneofHollywood'sgreatest15(star),wasborninEnglandon28lhSeptember,1968.Atsevenshe16(begin)tofollowhermotherandherbrotheraroundEnglanduntilin1982theysettledinAustralia17Naomipersuadedhermothertolethertakeactingclasses.Afterbitpartsincommercials,shelandedherfirstroleinForLoveAlone.LaterherpartinthefilmMulhollandDriveshowedherstrongactingabilityandearnedmuchrespect.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Yourpersonalityshapesyou.Personalityisthecharacteristicpatternsofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsthatmakeapersonunique.Understandingpersonalityallowsus18(predict)howpeoplewillrespondtocertainsituationsandwhattheypreferandvalue.Forexample,anoutgoingpersonmayjumpforjoywhenfacingnewexperiences,19ashypersonmayfeel20(embarrass)infrontofalargegroupofpeople.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALookingfbragoodbook?Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooks(hathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,suggestingtheyaresomeofthemostimportantbookseverwritten.AtomicHabitsbyJamesClearAtomicHabits,publishedin2018,willreshapeChewayyouthinkaboutprogressandsuccess,andgiveyouthetoolsandstrategiesyouneedtotransformyourhabits.Ifyou'rehavingtroublechangingyourhabits,theproblemisyoursystem.Badhabitsrepeatthemselvesagainandagainbecauseyouhavethewrongsystemforchange.JaniesClearwillhelpyougetaprovensystemthatcantakeyoutonewheights.TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightTheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightwaspublishedin2014.ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews.AmmonitebyNicolaGriffithAmmonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward.Ittellsusathrillingstory:AhumanexpeditiontotheplanetJeepisnearlywipedoutbyavinis(hatkillsall(hemenandmostofthewomen.Somecenturieslater,Margheissenttotestavaccineonthepeoplethere.Asshelivesandmovesamongthem,Marghefindsherselfchangedinunexpectedways.WaldenbyHenryDavidThoreauFirstpublishedin1854,WaldendetailsThoreau'sexperiencesoverthecourseoftwoyears,twomonths,and(wodaysinacabinhebuillnearWaldenPond,inwoodlandownedbyhisfriendRalphWaldoEmerson,nearConcord,Massachusetts.Thebookcompressesthetimeintoasinglecalendaryearandusespassagesoffourseasonstosymbolizehumandevelopment.WhowrotethebookaboutthedisasteroftheTwinTowers?A.JamesClear.B.LawrenceWright.C.NicolaGriffith.D.HenryDavidThoreau.Whichbookisthebestchoiceforthepeoplewholovesciencefictions?A.AtomicHabits.B.TheLoomingTower.C.Ammonite.D.Walden.Accordingtothepassage,thefourbooksareall.A.aboutthrillingstoriesB.recommendedbyexpertsC.newlypublishedbooksD.helpfulinshapingyourhabitsBIoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.WhenIaskedherwhatcom—vllcdherwithsuchsuper-humanambitionandsacrifice(犧牲).Shesimplysaid.“IdoitfbrmyselfandthepeopleIlove,h'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices.”Areasonorapurposeisacombinationof“wants”and"don'twants^^.Whenpeopleaskmewhatmyreasonfbrwantingtoberichis,itisacombinationofdeepemotional-wants"and"don'twants**.Iwilllistafew.Firstthe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.Idon'twanttoworkallmylife.1don'twantwhatmyparentsaspiredfbr,whichwasjobsecurityandabighouse.Idon'tlikebeinganemployee.Ihateditthatmydadalwaysmissedmyfootballgamesbecausehewassobusyworkingonhiscareer.1hateditwhenmydadworkedhardallhislifeandthegovernmenttookmostofwhatheworkedforathisdeath.Nowthe“wants”.IwanttobefreetotraveltheworldandliveinthelifestyleIlove.1wanttobeyoungwhenIdothis.Iwantcontrolovermytimeandmylife.Iwantmoneytoworkforme.Thosearemydeep-seatedemotionalreasons.Whatareyours?Iftheyarenorstrongenough,therealilyof」heroadaheadmaybegieater[hanyourreasons.Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40.butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.Thepassageisstartedby.A.givinganexampleB.explainingthecausesC.pointingoutsimilaritiesD.describingthedifferencesTheunderlinedword“compelled“inPara.2probablymeans.A.committedB.inspiredC.forcedD.combinedWeknowfromthepassagethat.A.the"wants”leadtothe“don'twants”B.the“wants"comefromthe"don'twants^^C.the“don'twants”havelittletodowiththe"wants”D.the"don'twants“aremoreimportantthanthe“wants”WhatcanwclearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.6?Therealityisgreaterthanthedeepemotionalreasons.Withstrongeremotionalreasons,lifemustbemucheasier.Withdeeperemotionalreasons,theroadaheadislikely（obeharder.Inreality,wcmaymeetmanymoreobstacleswithoutdeeperemotionalreasons.CTheLinkbetweenFitnessandCareerSuccessIt'snomysterytosuccessfulpeoplethatthereisdirectlinkbetweensoundhealth&fitnessandsuccessintheircancerandpersonallives.Successfulpersonslikelyshowupat（hehealthclubconsistently,workwilhapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.Recentstudiesprovethedirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccess.Bellerabilitytofocus,improvedconfidenceandenhancedabilitytofollowthroughweredirectlyattributedtoimprovedfitnesslevelsaccordingtoa2007UniversityofGeorgiastudy.Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribe（heirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerleveL,,17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness.”TheCEOofthatmanagersearchfirmsaid,“Goodphysicalfitnessiscriticaltosuccessasamanagerintoday'sworkworld."Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa“seriouscareerimpediment（妨礙）Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularculture?Probablynot.Rather,thereisaverystronglinkbetweenimprovedfitnessandincreasedproductivity,enhancedabilitytosolveproblems,superiorenergy,nottomentionreducedstressandtiredness,allleadingtobetterjobperformance.Itgoeswellbeyondlookinggood.Fitpeopletendtohavebeltereatinghabitsandmissfewerdaysatworkduetoahigherresistancetoillness.Andwithcompetitioncontinuallyincreasingineveryindustry,companiesarenowrewardingemployeesandmanagerswhomisslessworkandproducemore.AstudybyJimMcKenna,aBritishresearcher,showedthatafterexercisingparticipantsreturnedtoworkmoretolerantofthemselvesandmoreforgivingoftheircolleagues.Thestudyconcludedthat“workperformancewasconsistentlyhigher,timemanagementskillsimproved,asdidmentalsharpness.^^Allittakesisinvesting3-4sessionsaweek,30-45minuteseach,toexperiencethesebenefits.Combinestrengthtrainingandcardiovascular（心血管的）exercise,alongwithsoundnutritiontospeedupyourmentalsharpness,enhanceyourproductivity,improveyourmoodandbettermanagestress.Asyourfitnesslevelincreases,likelyyourpositionontheladderofsuccesswilltoo!SuccessfulpeoplearclikelytoA.havehigherresistancetoillnessB.getmoreenergyandendorphinsCloseweightmoreeasilyD.caremoreabouttheirfitnessWhatdocstheunderlinedword“obsession”inParagraph4mean?A.craze.B.training.C.goal.D.imagination.Accordingtothestudybythemanagersearchcompany,.（hereisadirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccessgcx）dphysicalfitnessiscriticalfbrcareersuccessmentalsharpness,productivityandmoodcanbeimprovedpeopletendtobemoretolerantandforgivingafterexercisingDSuccessandRiskinExtremeSportsWhatisitthatdrivessometotakeextremerisks,whiletherestofushunyforthesafetyofthesidelines?LesterKeller,sports-psychologyexpert,saysthatnoteveryonehasthementalmakeuptodowellinextremesports.Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.Butothershaveamuchhighertolerancefbrrisk.Kellerpointstoatopskiracer.HetoldKellerthat“thehighelementofriskmakesyoufeelalive,testswhatyouarcmadeofandhowfaryoucantakeyourself'.Hesaidhewouldgelnervousonsomeof（hecourses,butthatthiswouldjustmakehimfightmore.Psychologistsnotethatsomepeopleseemtohaveastrongdesirefbradrenaline（腎上腺素）rushesasabehaviorseekingexcitedfeelings.Likemanyextremeathletes,EmilyCook'sappetitetorriskappearedatayoungage.UIwasagymnast,Mshesaid."Iwasoneofthosekidswhoenjoyedanddidwellatanythingwhereyouwereupsidedown."Asshestarte