精選文檔綜合寫作題型分類：單話題類/雙話題類話題分類：生物生態(tài)類/商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)/文學(xué)藝術(shù)/化石考古/燃料能源多樣化表達(dá)：閱讀：Thereading,thepassage,theauthor,thearticle聽力：Thelistening,thelecture,thelecturer,theprofessor,thespeaker以為：believe,hold,suggest,support,pointout,advocate(提議，主張，平常不用于反對建議),claim辯駁：Criticizevt.責(zé)備criticismn.（crisisn.危機(jī)）Argue,challenge,doubt,disagree,refute,.Isquestionable..精選文檔可是：However,although,ontheotherhand,incontrast,while,增添：Increase(n&vt),boost(boosttheeconomy)(n&vt使增添；推進(jìn)；改良；使興旺),maximize/maximization,addtosth(globalwarming)Improve/improvement,enhance/enhancement,heightenfortify/fortification(vt使加強(qiáng)，使抖擻),advance(vi&vt&n)expansion(usedinsize,number,amount),amplify(擴(kuò)高聲音、加強(qiáng)，加劇),enlarge（及物&不及物，擴(kuò)大；～onsth進(jìn)一步說明，詳述）thrive降低：Decline(vi&n),decrease,minimize/minimization,reduce/reduction,cutdown,shrink(vi&vt)/shrinkageDamage,impair(vt,傷害，削弱),causedamageto,harm,hurtDestroy,destruction,dogreatdamageto,doharmto,ruin,catastrophicdamage，thedisastrousconsequence，endanger（vt危及，危害）影響：aftermath結(jié)果，余波the~of(animportantevent)affect副詞：definitely，totally（disagreewith），strongly（influencedby）其余：Utility用途.精選文檔Alternative/substitute：analternativetosth某事物的代替品；alternativesth備用，可代替sthsbsubstituteonethingforanother/onethingsubstituteforanother取代，代替asubstituteforsth代替品生物生態(tài)類：物種數(shù)目驟降/驟增分析原由：假說分析Hypothesis,explanation,cause,theoryPredator,predation,pollution,climatechange,habitat,insect,humanactionatlong-termenvironmentalexpense（Itexposesthefallacyofshort-termindustrialgainatlong-termenvironmentalexpense這裸露了以長遠(yuǎn)的環(huán)境損壞為代價換取短期工業(yè)利益的錯誤。）分析影響：生態(tài)問題Ecosystem,localspecies,foodchain,thenumberofA=Apopulationnative：意含對當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)重要的、必不能夠少的inevitable/unavoidable/inescapableindispensable.精選文檔endangered/scarcespeciesgeneticallydiverse(多樣化的)/geneticdiversity解決方案：生態(tài)保護(hù)Pesticide,assistedmigration,geneticmodification舉措：waystoaddressthedeclineofthreesolutionsmentionedinthereadingpassageinanattempttodosth,sbdosthpresentthreesolutions/measures模板開頭段Thereadingandthelisteningpresentoppositeviewsonthehypothesisofseaotterdecline（主題）.Thereadingadvocatesthepollutiontheory（看法A）whilethelisteningstressesonthepredationhypothesis（看法B）.*看法將原文的內(nèi)容寫全Thepassageandthelisteningmaterialholdcontraryopinionsonsalvagelogging.Thepassageholdsthatitbenefitsbothadamagedforestandtheeconomywhilethelisteningarguesitcancauselong-termenvironmentaldamageanditseconomicbenefitsarealsoquestionable.Thespeakerandtheauthorholddivergentattitudestowardthe.精選文檔futureofcharitablegiving.Throughrelevantreasonsandexamples,thelecturerrefutesthepessimisticviewpointsstatedinthereadingmaterial.主體段First,thepassagesupportsthepollutiontheorybecause(原由A1),whichmightleadto（進(jìn)一步原由A1）。However，thespeakerchallengesthat(原由B1)，so(進(jìn)一步原由A1)seemimplausible.Ontheotherhand,thisstrengthensthe(看法B)becauseif(看法下的事實、推論，即對觀點的另一種表述)，（看法下的進(jìn)一步原由B1）Second,thelecturedisagreeswiththeclaiminthereadingpassagethat(原由A2)and(進(jìn)一步原由A2-反面*).Shearguesthat用(看法B解說理由A2).（進(jìn)一步原由B2），therefore（原由B2）.當(dāng)閱讀中出現(xiàn)反面的進(jìn)一步原由/表達(dá)辯駁的細(xì)節(jié)時，應(yīng)當(dāng)寫入而非省略，不然直接寫聽力的對應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)顯得冒昧。看法重申，使邏輯更圓滿。主體段落應(yīng)當(dāng)包含各自的看法和聽力的辯駁原由。Finally,althoughtheauthorbelieves(原由A3)couldbecausedby進(jìn)(一步原由A3),theprofessorchallengesthat(原由A3)canbebetterexplainedby(看法B)because理(由B3)+（進(jìn)一步原由B3）..精選文檔First,theprofessorpointsoutthaturbangrowth,whileharmfultosometypesofbirds,couldprovidehabitatsformanyothertypes.Asamatteroffact,This,however,contradictsthestatementinthereadingthat*Second,theprofessorexplainsthatwon’tasthereadingillustrates.contributeto.,makingitunnecessaryto*Third,whileconvincedoftheharmfulnessof.usedtobirdsconcludedinthepassage,theprofessordoesn’thinkitwillbeaprobleminthefuture,inthat..,andaretherefore.First,althoughthewriterpointsoutthat..,thelecturechallengesthat.Thesecondreasontheauthorgivesisthat(by..,becauseHowever,theprofessorarguesthatFinally,thespeakerrefusestheviewpointinthepassagethatbelievesthat..;.精選文檔Accordingtothewriter,is..associatedwith..becauseof.Torebutthisidea,theprofessorclaimsthat.hisTtendency,contrarytotheviewinthepassage,will.Second,thepassagesaysthat,whilethelecturerarguesthatthismaygiveriseto( )..which,contradictsthepointmadeinthepassage.Finally,opposingtheauthor'sbeliefthatincur.greaterdeclines,theprofessorcontendsthateventhoughp,theywill.Thus,...Mine:Thespeakerandtheauthorholddivergentattitudestoward(Topic).TheauthorholdsthatwhilethespeakerarguesAccordingtothewriter,..isassociatedwith..becauseoTorebutthisidea,theprofessorclaimsthatThis.tendency,contrarytotheviewinthepassage,will.Thesecondreasontheauthorgivesisthat(by..,becauseHowever,theprofessorarguesthatFirst,thepassagesupportsthepollutiontheorybecause(A1),.精選文檔whichmightleadto（進(jìn)一步原由A1）。However，thespeakerchallengesthat(原由B1)，so(進(jìn)一步原由A1)seemimplausible.Ontheotherhand,thisstrengthensthe(看法B)becauseif觀(點下的事實、推論，即對看法的另一種表述)，（看法下的進(jìn)一步原由B1）主體段閱讀不詳寫時，首句可將閱讀的看法寫成從句論述聽力看法的從句。Second,thelecturedisagreeswiththeclaiminthereadingpassagethat.ShearguesthatFinally,thespeakerrefusestheviewpointinthepassagethatShebelievesthat..;Finally,althoughtheauthorbelieves(原由A3)couldbecausedby(進(jìn)一步原由A3),theprofessorchallengesthat理(由A3)canbebetterexplainedby(看法B)because理(由B3)+（進(jìn)一步原由B3）.First,althoughthewriterpointsoutthat..,thelecturechallengesthat.Second,thepassagesaysthat,whilethelecturerarguesthatthismaygiveriseto(惹起，致使，發(fā)生),whichcontradictsthepointmadeinthepassage..精選文檔Finally,opposingtheauthor'sbeliefthat.incurgreaterdeclinetheprofessorcontendsthateventhough,theywill.ThuSecond,theprofessorexplainsthatwon’tasthereadingillustrates.contributeto.,makingitunnecessaryto——ThenumberofTotteyainFloridaisnowdecreasingandthepassagepresentsthreesolutions/measures/optionstosavethemfromextinction.However,thelecturerarguesthatthesesolutionswon’tleadtosatisfactoryconsequencesatall.Firstly/secondly/Lastbutnotleast,theprofessorargues/claimsthat1asthereadingmentionsisunlikelytosuccess/unrealistic/won’tbeagoodmethodeither.ShetakesBlackLocusasanexample.ThefirstoptiontheauthorcomesupwithistoreestablishTotteyainitsoriginatedplace,wherethewetandcoolmicroclimateissuitableforTotteyatogrow.However,theprofessorchallengesthatTotteyawillunlikelytosurvivebecauseConsideringtheglobal.精選文檔warmingandthedroughtofFlorida,itisimpossibleforto/However,theprofessorchallengesthatTotteyawillunlikelytosurvive.Sheclaimsthat,thusitisimpossiblefortoSecond,thelecturequestionstheoptiontomoveTot