《M4Carnival（Period5）》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Period5Function,Grammar,ReadingandWritingTeachingGoals:1.TogettheSstoknowhowtoshowlikes,dislikesandpreferences.2.TogettheSstohaveknowledgeofthepassivevoice.3.TodevelopSs’writingability.TeachingProcedures:Step1Leading-inPurpose:TomotivateSstolearnhowtoshowlikes,dislikesandpreferences.Discussion:AsktheSstodiscusshowmanywaysinwhichwecanshowlikesanddislikesandfinishFunctioninourtextbookonP37.Howmanywayscanyoushowyourlikesanddislike?likedislike(quite/really)like(quite/really)love(quite/really)enjoybefondofbewildabout…don’tthinkmuchofdon’t(doesn’t)like(quite/really)hatecan’tstand…Step2FunctionPurpose:ThroughexercisestogetSstoknowhowtoshowlikes,dislikesandpreferences.Suggestedanswers(Activity1): Theyarespeakingaboutlikesandpreferences: 1Caitlin;KingCake 2Maria;Feijoada 3Stefan;sausages 4Cameron;traditionalJamaicanfood—chickenwithrichandpeasSuggestedanswers(Activity2): (1)Ihateit.(2)Idon’tthinkmuchofit.(3)It’sOK. (4)Iquitelikeit.(5)Ireallylikeit(6)Iloveit.Step3SpeakingPurpose:HelpSstoknowhowtotalkabouttheirlikes,dislikesandpreferences.Workinpairs,andfinishActivity3inourtextbook.Step4GrammarPurpose:EnableSstousethepassivevoice.1.PresentationPurpose:TogettheSstoknowtheteachingcontentofGrammarShowthefollowingcontentsonblackboardorPowerPoint---thepassivevoice.被動(dòng)語態(tài)考查要點(diǎn)簡述被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式：be+過去分詞，口語只也有用get/become+過去分詞表示。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法：不知道或沒必要提到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（by短語有時(shí)可以省略）。（1）使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題。①主動(dòng)變化被動(dòng)時(shí)雙賓語的變化?？聪铝欣?。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.Aninterestingbookwasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.Iwasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.②主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)成主補(bǔ)（位置不變）；（作補(bǔ)語的）不定式前需加to。Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss)③短語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，勿要掉“尾巴”。Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof(byher).Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.④情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和begoingto、beto、besureto、usedto、haveto、hadbetter等結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)，只需將它們后面的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閎e+過去分詞。⑤當(dāng)句子的謂語為say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等時(shí)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)有兩種形式：（A）謂語動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，動(dòng)詞不定式作主補(bǔ)。（B）用it作形式主語，真正的主語在后面用主語在后面用主語從句來表示。如：Peoplesayheisasmartboy.Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.Heissaidtobeasmartboy.PeopleknowpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.ItisknownthatpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.PaperwasknowntobemadeinChinafirst.類似句型有：Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat…（2）不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況。①所有的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)之中。②表示狀態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、looklike、consistto等。③表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如have、own、belongto等。④表示“希望、意圖”的動(dòng)詞，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。⑤賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。⑥賓語是同源賓語，不定式、動(dòng)名詞等謂語動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。⑦有些動(dòng)詞以其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，特別是當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，常見的動(dòng)詞有sell、write、wash、open、lock等。（3）主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。①當(dāng)feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容詞時(shí)；當(dāng)cut、read、sell、wear、write等詞帶狀語修飾語時(shí)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示“開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動(dòng)”等意義時(shí)。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布易洗。Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.這些小說不暢銷。Mypenwritessmoothly.我的鋼筆寫起來很流暢。Thedoorwon’tlock.門鎖不上。Thefishsmellsgood.魚聞起來香。②當(dāng)breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、制定”等意思時(shí)。Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.③want,require,need后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。④beworthdoing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。⑤在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.另外：betoblame(受譴責(zé))，betorent（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。（4）被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種情況。①beseated坐著Heisseatedonabench.（Heseatshimselfonabench.）坐在凳子上。②behidden躲藏Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.(Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.)他藏在門后。③belost迷路④bedrunk喝醉⑤bedressed穿著Thegirlwasdressedinaredshortskirt.（5）被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)表主語的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)。如：Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))Thebookiswellsold.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞一起考，只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義,而且常與well,quite,easily,badly等副詞連用。lock(鎖);wash(洗);sell(賣);read(讀);wear(穿);blame(責(zé)備)；ride(乘坐)；write(寫)；Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎。Thecarridessmoothly.這車走起來很穩(wěn)。Thecaselockseasily.這箱子很好鎖。Thebooksellswell.這本書很暢銷?？键c(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：Itissaid…,Itisreported…,Itiswidelybelieved…，Itisexpected…,Itisestimated…,這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說……”，“人們認(rèn)為……”，而“以前人們認(rèn)為……”則應(yīng)該說：Itwasbelieved…,Itwasthought…2.Examples(1)（粵04-21）Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager_____toworkonlineathome.A.encourages B.encourage C.isencouraged D.areencouraged解析：答案為D。據(jù)題意應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選D。(2)（滬04-30）Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople_____toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A.persuade B.willpersuadeC.bepersuaded D.arepersuaded解析：答案為D。答案C形式不對，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選D。(3)（京04-27)ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_____by2008.A.hasbeencompleted B.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompleted D.willhavecompleted解析：答案為C。此句要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的結(jié)合。(4)（蘇04-26）Morepatients_____inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.A.treated B.havetreatedC.hadbeentreated D.havebeentreated解析：答案為D。此句要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的結(jié)合。[備考策略]全國卷近三年單純考查語態(tài)的題目沒有，結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行考查是考試熱點(diǎn)；據(jù)題干所反映關(guān)系，即主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，從而恰當(dāng)選用語態(tài)。3.PracticeReviewofverbformsPurpose:TogettheSstohaveknowledgeofthegrammarthroughexercises.AsktheSstofinishtheexercisesinourtextbookaboutGrammar.Suggestedanswersofactivity1:aSentence2.bSentence1.cSentence2.dByshowswhoperformedtheaction(theagent).Suggestedanswersofactivity2: wasfollowedwasextendedwaslimitedwerenotallowed werepassedwereputwerebannedwasrevived wasdevelopediscelebratedarebookedarecrowdedSuggestedanswersofactivity3:wereheldcelebratedwasdecidedwantedwasfollowedwasdiscoveredbroughtwereaddedhasbecomeiscelebratedisknownclimbsfliesiswatchedarefiredSuggestedanswersofactivity4: 1.Veniceisvisitedbytouristsfromallovertheworld. 2.Manyofthecarnivalmasksaremadebytrainedartists. 3.Partiesweregiveneverydayforamonth(byrichpeople). 4.CarnivalwastakentoSouthAmericabythePortugues