大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試

——寫作閱卷心得ReflectiononCET4Writing大綱解讀

1.大綱要求教育部（2006修訂版）明確規(guī)定寫作部分要求考生達(dá)到《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性寫作任務(wù)，能描述個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、觀感、情感和發(fā)生的事件等，能寫常見(jiàn)的應(yīng)用文，能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出至少120詞的短文，內(nèi)容基本完整，用詞恰當(dāng)，語(yǔ)意連貫。能掌握基本的寫作技能?！?/p>

大綱解讀2.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)短文寫作要求考生在30分鐘內(nèi)根據(jù)提綱寫出一篇120-180詞的短文，本部分的得分占總分的15%，采用總體評(píng)分法（GlobalScoring），從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。滿分為15分，共分五等：14分、11分、8分、5分及2分（注：四級(jí)作文在試卷總分中占15%，改卷時(shí)按照作文總分15分來(lái)評(píng)改，然后經(jīng)過(guò)處理轉(zhuǎn)化為710分中的作文分?jǐn)?shù)）。各個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)檔的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下：評(píng)分依據(jù)（1.主題、2.表達(dá)、3.文字、4.語(yǔ)言）14分切題，表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好?；旧蠠o(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別拼寫錯(cuò)誤。11分切題，表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。8分基本切題，有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分基本切題，表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。2分條理不清，思路紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。0分白卷；文不對(duì)題，或只有幾個(gè)孤立的詞而無(wú)法表達(dá)思想。楊治中教授四字總結(jié)評(píng)卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14:漂漂亮亮11:清清爽爽8:馬馬虎虎5:糊里糊涂2:一塌糊涂小組平均分:5.57備注：閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如8分）相似，即定為該分?jǐn)?shù)（即8分）；若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該檔次，則可加分（即9分）或減1分（即7分），但不得加或減半分。字?jǐn)?shù)不足按下表所示酌情扣分：

累計(jì)字?jǐn)?shù)119-110109-10099-9089-8079-70＜49扣分123459大綱解讀3.黃金原則：卷面工整、整潔、清晰印象原則分段+字?jǐn)?shù)語(yǔ)言：基本正確，豐富多變語(yǔ)言+結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯性結(jié)構(gòu)+⑴總分總/總分內(nèi)容⑵關(guān)聯(lián)詞3-5個(gè)，同義替換詞匯句型原則⑶代詞替換內(nèi)容：不跑題命題范圍1.學(xué)習(xí)與校園生活(常見(jiàn))2.社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)(常見(jiàn))考試的作文內(nèi)容為社會(huì)、文化或日常生活的一般常識(shí)，不涉及知識(shí)面過(guò)廣、專業(yè)性太強(qiáng)的內(nèi)容。命題趨勢(shì)序號(hào)內(nèi)容1實(shí)用性增強(qiáng)——從體裁上看，議論文、說(shuō)明文寫作占絕大多數(shù)。2主要考核三大主題——從內(nèi)容上看，所考題型都與考生熟悉的生活事件與現(xiàn)象有關(guān)。就話題而言，四級(jí)作文主要有三類：社會(huì)熱門話題、校園生活話題和日常生活話題。3注重綜合能力的考核——四級(jí)作文從傾向于單純考查某一文體，逐漸過(guò)渡到幾種文體的結(jié)合。這說(shuō)明作文命題越來(lái)越靈活。2013年12月真題回顧DirectionsForthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheincreasinguseofthemobilephoneinpeople’slifeandexplaintheConsequenceofoverusingit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Peoplearecrossingthestreetlookingattheircellphonesandusingwalkingsticksinordertosee.本題漫畫探討手機(jī)的廣泛使用對(duì)人們生活的影響。話題貼近日常生活，難度中等。題目要求簡(jiǎn)述手機(jī)在人們生活中越來(lái)越重要的角色，并解釋過(guò)度使用手機(jī)可能帶來(lái)的后果。1.對(duì)健康的危害;2.對(duì)人際關(guān)系的負(fù)面影響;3.對(duì)個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)、發(fā)展的阻礙。14pointsInthispicture,wecanseeadangeroussceneofpeoplecrossingthestreetwiththeireyesfixedontheircellphones.Theyareusingtheirwalkingstickstosee.Howridiculousthisis.Withcellphonesbecomingmoreandmorepowerful,peoplerelyontheminalmosteveryaspectoftheirlife.Actually,cellphonesaresopopularthatI’mafraidthattheyareoverused.

Nowadays,peopleprefervirtualsocialnetworkinsteadofface-to-facecommunication.Itiscommontoseepeoplehavingmealstogethertalkinglittlebutjustlookingattheircellphones.Becauseofthecellphone,peoplenowdolittleexercisesandsuchdiseasesasobesityandhighbloodpressurearedeveloped.Lastbutnotleast,ithasledtoso-calledcell-phoneaddiction,whichmeansthatwhentheyarenotholdingtheirphones,theywillfeelinsecure.Theoveruseofcellphoneshasledtoseriousconsequences.Itishightimethatwerealizetheproblemandtrytodevelopamorehealthylifestyle.11points

Aswecanseefromthepicture,peoplearecrossingthestreetlookingattheircellphonesandusingwalkingsticksinordertosee.Thepictureshowedthatmobilephonesareincreasinglyusedorevenoverusedinpeople’slife.Nowadays,almosteverybodyhasamobilephone.Peopleusemobilephonestocommunicateeachother,texteachother,surftheInternet,anddoeverythingtheywant.Manypeoplespendhoursoftimeadaybytheirmobilephone,andtaketheirmobilephoneswiththemallthetime.Ofcourse,mobilephonesmakeourlifeconvenient,however,overusingitcancausemanyproblems.First,itisawasteoftimejustusingthemobilephonedoingsomethingofnouseforhoursoftime.Second,itmakespeoplehavelesschancetocommunicateeachotherfacetoface.It’sabadthing.What’smore,itdoesharmtopeople’shealthjustsittingtherewithyourmobilephonealldaywithoutanysports.Toconclude,weshoulduseourmobilephonesproperly.8points

Withthetechnologyismoreadvancedtoday,thecellphonesbecomemoreandmorepopular.Butweknowthattheincreasinguseofthemobilephoneinpeople’slifeisnotverywell.Whenpeoplegathertotrip,party,theypreferlookingattheirphonestotalkingwithothers.So,weshouldthinkaboutthatwhattheconsequencesofoverusingthemobilephonewillbeandhowtopreventit.

Wecaneasilyimaginethatastudentwhoboughtaiphone5justnowmaybeplaygamesinsteadoftakingthelessons.Peoplearecrossingthestreetlookingattheirphonestochecke-mailandFacebook,thisisterrible!It’sclearthatoverusingphoneswillinfluencethestudent’sscoresandfriendshipbetweenpeople.

However,wemustdosomethingtopreventit.Weshouldgoout-dooractivitiesfrequentlyandfindotherintereststospendon.Ourgoalis“escaping”fromthemobilephone!Onlyinthisway,wecansolvethisproblem.5points

Aseasytoseefromthepicture,peoplearecrossingthestreetlookingattheircellphonesandusingwalkingsticksinordertosee,theirmaydangertotheirlife.

Withthedevelopingofnewtechnology,thecellphonecanbeuseinmanyways,likeseenews,movies,blogsect.Moreandmorepeopleincreasinguseofthemobilephoneintheirlives,evenwhentheycrossingthestreettheylookingattheircellphones

insteadlookingatthewalkersorcars,itisabadmannerthatnotgoodforbothofthemselvesandourcountry.Theremaymoreandmoretrafficaccidentshappen.Whenthetrafficaccidenthurtthembadlytherewilleffecttheirnormallifeincludingtheirfamilymembers’life.

Inmymind,theadvantagesofthemobilephoneshouldweaccept,buttheoverusingofthemobilephoneshouldwedecrease.Forgoodthingweneeduseinrightway.Onlyinthiswaycanourlivesbecomemoreandmorebetter.2points

Nowaday,mobilephoneinpeoplelifeisveryimportant,anditnotuseonlyforcalling,thenmostusebuy,writeweiboandblog,webchartandplaygame,mobilephoneischangeapartofpeople’slife.Peopleusemobilephoneismoreandmore,anythingishavetwoface,onthebad,peopleisstartchangenottoeachothertalk,forexample,onthedinner,everyonehandlethephone,playgame,seebook,seevedionottochangeinformation,untiltheday,everyoneiswillfacetoface,butnotawordtoeachother.It’ssad.Peoplearecrossingthestreetlookingattheircellphonesandusingwalkingsticks’sinordertosee,it’sabiyu.Peopleisneedchangetheidea,needtoeachotherhelp.

Thelifeneedsport,pleasedropyourmobilephone.Youwillfindlifeishavethemostimpossible,likethenikesaid,Justdoit!詞匯小結(jié)wordlist14分11分8分5分2分GSL89.9889.791.490.590.9AWL1.20.6beyond7.7詞匯的運(yùn)用:基本是初中高中基本詞匯詞性功能混淆單詞的搭配(動(dòng)賓,定語(yǔ)和所修飾名詞搭配)狀語(yǔ)的不重視(語(yǔ)氣,程度副詞)單一的句型結(jié)構(gòu)新興詞匯的胡亂翻譯時(shí)態(tài),主謂一致等基本語(yǔ)法掌握很差兩極分化八股文頻率居高不下(導(dǎo)致作文出現(xiàn)全篇都是套句,沒(méi)有任何重點(diǎn))審題模糊,概念不清,主次不分明(此篇是現(xiàn)象分析≠論點(diǎn)論證)段落布局缺乏層次譴詞造句能力差,詞匯運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單(初中詞匯)基本語(yǔ)法掌握差邏輯思維,批判性思維的不足審題不仔細(xì),容易忽視directions。以看圖寫作為例,學(xué)生只重視圖片內(nèi)容,甚至糾結(jié)于圖片中的個(gè)別單詞,導(dǎo)致寫作重點(diǎn)偏離方向。范文的影響。背誦的范文題型單一,八股套路明顯。(三段式的寫作套路)學(xué)生的投機(jī)心態(tài)導(dǎo)致文章偏題,或邏輯混亂,缺少靈魂。英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的應(yīng)試模式,導(dǎo)致學(xué)生思維僵化。語(yǔ)言功底影響思想的表達(dá)。有想法但是無(wú)法自如的運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言這個(gè)載體。