賓語補足語、主謂一致一、賓語補足語.概念:

英語中有些動詞接了賓語后意義仍不完整,需要在賓語后用一個補足語,以說明賓語“是什么”“怎么樣”或“做什么”.2.用法:

⑴.

能做賓語補足語的主要是:

名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、副詞、動詞不定式及分詞.Heissonicetoeveryonethatweallconsiderhim

atruefriend.Whathesaidmadeushappy.IfoundhimatworkeverytimeIgointohisroom.Herushedout,leavingthelighton.Theteacherhadmesweepthefloorafterschool.Igotthebikerepairedbyafriendofmine.Iheardhimsingingthesong.⑵.

能接賓語補足語的動詞主要有:

A.“使…成為/變成,使…做”

have,make,let//force,get,push,ask,tell,require//choose,elect,paint,turn,etc.

Thebossmadehimworkdayandnight.Youmustgetsomebodytodothejob.Hepaintedthewallgreen.

B.

表“稱為、認(rèn)為、以為”的動詞

believe,call,consider,find,name,suppose,think,etc.WeallthinkTomacleverboy.C.

表“保持,使…處于(狀態(tài))”

keep,leave,find,etc.Youmustkeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.D.“聽見、看見”等感官動詞:hear,notice,see,watch,observe,feel,find,etc.Isawhimgointothehouse.練習(xí)Theschoolistryingto___thestudentsintouchwithsociety.A.makeB.keepC.haveD.get2.Iwillhavemybike___thisafternoon.A.repairB.toberepairedC.repairingD.repaired3.Mr.Greenwasmade___oftheclubwhenhewasonly28.A.chairmenB.chairmanC.asachairmanD.aschairman4.Iimmediatelypushedallthedoorsandwindows____toletinsomefreshair.A.toopenB.openC.openingD.opened二、主謂一致:主語與謂語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致.三個原則:1.語法一致⑴.

以kind(pair/piece)of

短語為主語,動詞與kind/pair/piece的單復(fù)數(shù)一致.Thispairofglassesisbroken.

⑵.

aswellas/but/except/otherthan(非)/ratherthan/(together)with,besides,等連接兩個主語時,動詞與前面的主語一致.

You,ratherthanhim,aretoblame.

⑶.

以動詞不定式,v-ing或從句作主語時,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù).what從句依后面的表語名詞而定.

Skatinginwinterisgreatfun.

Tosaysomethingiseasierthantodosomething.whatIsawinhisroomwasachair./weretwochairs.2.意義一致①.以all(half/most/part/percent/some/therest)of

短語作主語時,謂語與后面名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致.Therestofstudentsareathome.Therestofworkistobedonetomorrow.

②.

表度量,時間,金額的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語常被當(dāng)作整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù).

1,000kilometersisnotalongdistancetoday.Tendaysisalongtimetome.③.

army/class/crowd/family/government/public/team,etc.作主語時,作為整體看待,

動詞用單數(shù)形式;若強調(diào)個體時,動詞用復(fù)數(shù).Ourclassisabigone.Theclassarealllisteningtotheteachernow.④.cattle,people,police等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù).Thepolicearesearchingforthestolencar.⑤.“the+adj.”作主語時,動詞用復(fù)數(shù).TheoldaretakengoodcareofinChina.3.就近的原則①.

or,either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but…,notonly…butalso…連接兩個主語時,動詞與近的名詞一致.Notonlyyoubutalsohehasmadeamistake.②.在therebe句型中,謂語be與近的名詞一致.Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.

練習(xí):

Insideherbag___someexercisebooksshehasforgottentohandin.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are2.Wherewewillgopicnickingwiththenewcomers___notbeendecidedyet.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Henry’sparents___Henryhimselfisgoingtoshowtheguestsaroundthecity.A.togetherwithB.aswellasC.orD.and4.NobodybutTomandJane___toldaboutthecomingtest.A.wasB.wereC.hasD.havebeen5.Whatcausedthecaraccident___ontheroad.Threepeopleincludingachilddied.A.werestoneB.wereastoneC.wasstoneD.wasastone6.All___hereexceptTom,andeverything___readyexcepttheflowers.A.are,areB.is,isC.is,areD.are,is7.Who’stakenmysister’spen?___heoryoutakenit?A.IsB.AreC.HasD.Have8.Inthatcountry,therich___richerandthepoorpoorer.A.becomeB.hasbecomeC.becomesD.isbecoming9.___wood___plasticwilldo,sowe’vegottofindanothermaterialtomakethemodelplane.A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso---IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiang’s110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing._____you__yourdesk-matecanhaveit.---IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?---ItisonnextMonday.---Oh,whatapity.Iamafraid______I___mydesk-matecanenjoyit.Situation

Eitherneither

either…or/neither…norornor---WhichonecanItake,Sir?---Iamafraid,youcantake_________________________.neitherthegunnorthecigar---WherecanIstayonSaturdaynight,Sir?---Youcanstay_____intheclassroom___inthedormitory.eitheror用“neither…nor…/either…or…”改寫下列句