沙市四中唐凡高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解技巧高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解各類題型考察比例

一般針對(duì)某個(gè)特定細(xì)節(jié)而提出，通讀短文后一般能直接找出答題依據(jù)。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題Questionsofdetails

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題干常用when,where,who,why,what和how等提問或要求用此類信息補(bǔ)全句子，考查對(duì)應(yīng)的六大信息內(nèi)容1.Howdoestheauthorunderstand...?

2.Whoaretheintended(預(yù)期的)readersofthepassage?3.Whatdoestheresearchtellusabout...?4.WhendidJimwinhisfirstOlympicgoldmedal?5.Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetry...?事件人物方式時(shí)間因果Questionforms:第一步：略讀題干(Skimming)快速瀏覽每道試題的題干(即問題)。第二步：通讀全文(Scanning)

瀏覽題干與選項(xiàng)之后，要帶著“問題”通讀全文。第三步：研讀攻關(guān)(Close-reading)

注意對(duì)信息進(jìn)行綜合分析，分清主次、真?zhèn)?，避免受信息的干擾，陷入高考題所設(shè)下的“陷阱”，學(xué)會(huì)排除干擾項(xiàng)。解題步驟Notlongago.Mywife,PJ,andItriedanewdiet—nottoloseweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.原因

Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffoodB.Torespondtoclimatechange.C.ToloseweightD.Toimprovetheirhealth同義詞Practice:WhydidJebpullhisjacketopenwhenhesawthecougar?A.Togetreadytofight.B.Tofrightenitaway.C.Toprotecttheboy.D.Tocooldown.Lyinginthesunonarock,thecougar(美洲獅)sawJebandhisson,Tom,beforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar.Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholething,too.

詞義猜測(cè)題Wordsincontext從考查內(nèi)容看，主要是猜測(cè)某個(gè)生詞、熟詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的意思以及猜測(cè)代詞的指代。解題技巧：

①充分利用文中已知信息推測(cè)、判斷詞義。②根據(jù)因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、定義、解釋和復(fù)述來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。1.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaning

totheword…?2.Theword…couldbestbereplacedby…3.Inthe…paragraph,theword…means(refersto)…4.Accordingtothepassage,…probably

means…5.Theauthorusestheword…tomean…Questionforms:①Provideincentive.Tellyourchildrentheimportanceofsaving.“Foreverydollarheorsheagreestosaveandinvestratherthanspend,youagreetoaddanotherdollartothepot,”saysCathyPareto,expertinmoneyplanning.

Theunderlinedword“incentive”inthisparagraphmeans______.honorB.praiseC.excitementD.encouragement充分利用文中已知信息推測(cè)、判斷詞義

②

Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”

Theyunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_____.A.valueB.resultC.performanceD.connection閱讀中常常會(huì)遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生、轉(zhuǎn)化或合成的新詞。掌握構(gòu)詞法對(duì)猜測(cè)詞義很有幫助。

③

Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,agodcameintotheroom.

Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”inthethirdparagraph?A.Messyanduntidy.

B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Foreignandunusual對(duì)比是描述、說明事物的常用方式。對(duì)比的事物是互為相反的，因此可根據(jù)反義或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系從已知推出未知。推理判斷題Questionsofinference

推理判斷就是根據(jù)作者的意圖和傾向來(lái)完成相關(guān)的問題。根據(jù)你對(duì)文章的理解，來(lái)判斷各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的正誤。這種閱讀是深層閱讀，最重要的是找出段落或全文的中心意思，抓住主要句子和相關(guān)句子。在進(jìn)行推理時(shí)，一定要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，千萬(wàn)不可脫離原文而僅憑個(gè)人的看法，主觀臆斷。

1.讀懂問題2.在文中找出關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句，并仔細(xì)分析3.排除法刪除不可能的選項(xiàng)4.做出最佳選擇解題步驟1.Theunderlinedsentencesuggeststhat______.2.Wecanconcludefromthethirdparagraphthat____.3.Whichofthefollowingmight/probablyhappenedlater?4.Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethat___.5.Fromthepassagewecantell/learn______.6.Thewriterofthepassageconsiders_______.7.Thepassageindicates(表明)/implies(暗示)

_.Questionforms:1.

Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."

Thesoundofthisbeetle________.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.Practice:2.

Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudon’tturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.

Youcantellthatrocks________.A.hurtseaanimalsB.protectseaanimalsC.won’tbefoundonbeachesD.can’tbefoundonbeaches

主旨?xì)w納題

(Mainidea)1.該觀點(diǎn)是作者的觀點(diǎn)（不是他人的觀點(diǎn)，不是描寫、說明，也不一定是科學(xué)事實(shí)）。2.該觀點(diǎn)可能是作者提倡的，也可能是作者對(duì)他人觀點(diǎn)的批駁。3.主旨句具有歸納性、概括性、抽象性的特點(diǎn)，不是部分細(xì)節(jié)。4.常常結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜（命題者有意安排所致）。Questionforms:Thesubjectofthepassageis____.2.Thepassagemainlytalksabout_____.3.What’sthetopicofthispassage?6.Thepointofthepassageisthat_____.8.What’sthetopicofthefirstparagraph?4.Thebestheadlineforthepassagewouldbe____.5.Whichtitlebestgivestheideaofthepassage?7.What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?Twotypes:mainidea;topic/title

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyev