2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省惠州市柏塘中學(xué)高三英語聯(lián)考試卷含解析一、選擇題1.．Catherineintendedtomakefunofothers,only

．

A．fooling

B．beingfooled

C．tobefooled

D．tofool參考答案：C略2.Don’tbothertolookformywatch;Ithinkitwill________someday.A.turndown

B.turnout

C.turnup

D.turnover參考答案：21、【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：不要麻煩找我的手表了；我想總有一天它會(huì)出現(xiàn)的。turndown“關(guān)??；拒絕”；turnout“結(jié)果是”；turnup“出現(xiàn)；到達(dá)”；turnover“翻轉(zhuǎn)”。

【解析】3.Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyond_______A.hearing

Bstrength

C.recognition

D.measure參考答案：C。解析：本題考查名詞辨析。hearing意為“聽力”；strength意為“力氣；力量”；recognition意為“認(rèn)出；識(shí)別；認(rèn)識(shí)”；measure意為“測(cè)量；措施”。句意為“……她變得認(rèn)不出來了?！?.TherearemanynewcentralleadersinChinanow,

manyonceworkedinthewesternprovinces．A．

inwhich

B．

ofwhom

C．

inwhom

D．

forwhom參考答案：B5.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse

Internetas

resource．

A．不填；a

B．不填；the

C．the；the

D．the；a參考答案：D6.Thisisasimpleidea,________ishardtoputintopractice.A.onethat

B.that

C.it

D.one參考答案：A7.Ifayoungmanwantsthe

tomovetoadifferentcityinfutureyears,heshouldkeeprentinginsteadofbuyingahouse.A.qualification B.flexibility C.benefit D.privilege參考答案：22.B。題意為：如果年輕人將來想要可以靈活地遷移到另外的城市生活，他就應(yīng)該租房而不是買房。根據(jù)句意可知選B。

8.Kindwordscanbeshortandeasy_______,buttheirechoesaretrulyendless.A.tospeak

B.speaking

C.tobespoken

D.beingspoken參考答案：A9.—Ihavelostthecellphonemybrotherboughtmeasmybirthdaypresent.HowcarelessIwas!—Badluck!Thenyouhavetobuy

tomorrow

wearegoingshoppingtogetherinKaiyuanDepartmentStore.

A．it;that

B．other;when

C．one;when

D．theother;which參考答案：C10._____pandas’dietsusuallyconsistmostlyofbamboo,theycanalsoeatmeatandtheysometimescatchinsectsandsmallbirds.

A.Muchas B.Oncondition C.Providingthat D.Themoment參考答案：A11.Pleasehaveallthenumbers______________toseehowmuchthey______________.

A.add,addup

B.addedto,addup

C.addup,addupto

D.addedup,addupto參考答案：D12. AlthoughAlbertEinsteinwouldsomedaybe_________famousscientist,hedidnotlike__________school.A.a;不填 B.a;the

C.the;不填

D.the;the參考答案：A13.—PremierWenJiabaohasurgedeffectivestepstoincreasefarmers’incomes.

—

!I’msurethefarmerswillhaveabetterlife.

A.NoproblemB.That’sgreatC.WelldoneD.It’snoneofmybusiness參考答案：B略14.—Whydidn’tyoutellhimthegoodnewsthatday?—

histelephonenumber,I

.

A.HadIknown;wouldringhimup B.ShouldIknow;wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew;wouldringhimup D.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup參考答案：D15.Withthespeed-upoftherailway，nowyoucangettoyourdestination

bytrain，

A．fast

B．faster

C．fastest

D．thefastest

參考答案：B16.Happinessisanactivestateofmind______onethinksone’slifemeaningful,satisfactoryandcomfortable.A.where

B.which

C.there

D.when參考答案：A17.Shestopped

shemighthavesucceedednexttime．A．when

B．a(chǎn)s

C．since

D．unless參考答案：A30.Weifangisfamousforitsannualinternationalkitefestival,

peoplefromdozensofcountriesandregionseveryAprilsince1984.A.attracted

B.havingbeenattracted

C.attracting

D.havingattracted參考答案：C二、翻譯19.Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.請(qǐng)完成作業(yè)后再和你的朋友聊天。(before)2.除非馬上采取有效措施，否則這個(gè)地區(qū)的人們將面臨災(zāi)難。(face)3.沒日沒夜地工作對(duì)他的健康消耗很大，因此不久他就病倒了。(drain)4.雖然他每天到公園里鍛煉身體，但卻對(duì)昨天那里發(fā)生的事情一無所知。(ignorant)5.得知自己被那所夢(mèng)寐以求的大學(xué)錄取時(shí)，她是如此激動(dòng)以至于徹夜未眠。(So…that…)參考答案：1.Peoplefinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouchatwithyourfriend.2.Peopleinthisareawillbefacedwithdisasterunlesseffectivemeasuresaretakenatonce.3.Workingdayandnightwasagreatdrainonhishealth/drainedhishealthgreatly,sohefellillsoon.4.Althoughhetakesexercisesintheparkeveryday,heiscompletelyignorantofwhathappenedthereyesterday.5.Soexcitedwasshethatshefailedtofallasleepthewholenightwhenshelearnedshehadbeenadmittedtotheuniversityshehadbeendreamingofforalongtime.

三、閱讀理解20.EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate(復(fù)制)orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindingstobuildnewtechnologies.Theproblemisnotjustwhathappensafterpublication—scientistsoftenhavetroublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbutnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbythebestacademicinstitutions.Thegrowingrecognitionthatsomethinghasgonewronginthelaboratoryhasledtocallsfor,asonemightguess,moreresearchonresearch—attemptstofindrulestoensurethatpeer-reviewedstudiesare,infact,valid.Itwilltakeaconcertedeffortbyscientistsandotherstakeholderstofixthisproblem.Wecandosobyexploringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdatawidelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionsofthosestudies.Reproducingotherscientists’analysesorreplicatingtheirresultshastooofteninthepastbeenlookeddownonwithakindof“me-too”derision(嘲笑)thatwouldwasteresources—butoftentheymayhelpavoidfalseleadsthatwouldhavebeenevenmorewasteful.Perhapsthebiggestobstacletoreplicationistheinaccessibilityofdataandresultsnecessarytoreruntheanalysesthatwentintotheoriginalexperiments.Searchingforsuchinformationcanbeextremelydifficult.Investigatorsdie,moveandchangejobs;computerscrash;onlinelinksmalfunction.Dataaresometimeslost—even,asoneresearcherclaimedwhenconfrontedaboutspurious(偽造的)results,eatenbytermites(白蟻).Therehasdefinitelybeensomerecentprogress.Anincreasingnumberofjournals,includingNatureandScience,haveadoptedmeasuressuchaschecklistsforstudydesignandreportingwhileimprovingstatisticalreviewandencouragingaccesstodata.Severalfundingagencies,meanwhile,haveaskedthatresearchersoutlinetheirplansforsharingdatabeforetheycanreceiveagovernmentgrant.Butitwilltakemuchmoretoachievealastingculturechange.Investigatorsshouldberewardedforperforminggoodscienceratherthanjustgettingstatisticallysignificant(“positive”)butnonreplicableresults.Revisingthepresentincentive(激勵(lì))structuremayrequirechangesonthepartofjournals,funders,universitiesandotherresearchinstitutions.43.WhatistheproblemreportedinthosepapersinTheLancet?A.Greatachievementsinmedicalresearchfailedtogetpublished.B.Moneywaswastedonfollow-upinvestigationsinmedicalresearch.C.Toomanynewresearchfindingsarenotputintouseafterpublication.D.Fewscientistsaredevotedtobuildingnewtechnologiesformankind.44.Whichofthefollowingsituationismostsimilartotheproblemdescribedinparagraph2?A.Ahighschooldecidestocutitsartprogramsduetothelackoffund.B.Apatientgetssickerbecausehedoesnotfollowthedoctor’sadvice.C.Amarketingfirmtestsawebsitewithparticipantsthatarenottargetpopulation.D.Adrugcompanyfailstoproducethenewdrugduetonoaccesstothelatestdata.45.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Measuresaretakentoensurepublicationoftestedresultsonly.B.Scientificexperimentsmustbereplicabletobeconsideredvalid.C.Experimentreplicationisunoriginalandnotworthwhile.D.Rewardsshouldbegivenonlytothosenonreplicablefindings.46.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto___________.A.arguethatscientificresearchlacksefficiencyB.explaintheresultofarecentscientificstudyC.introducesomerecentprogressinmedicalresearchD.highlightthepossibleproblemsofresearchstudies參考答案：43.C

44.C

45.B

46.D這是一篇說明文。今年早些時(shí)候TheLancet發(fā)表的一系列論文稱，每年用于醫(yī)學(xué)研究的2,650億美元中，有85%被浪費(fèi)了，因?yàn)樵谝豁?xiàng)研究的初步結(jié)果發(fā)表后，往往什么都沒有發(fā)生。文章論述了醫(yī)學(xué)研究存在的兩大問題：1.很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有被投入使用。2.研究過程本身存在問題。文章提出，要通過共同努力來解決這些問題。【43題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate(復(fù)制)orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindingstobuildnewtechnologies.”可知，每年用于醫(yī)學(xué)研究的2,650億美元中，有85%被浪費(fèi)了，因?yàn)樵谝豁?xiàng)研究的初步結(jié)果發(fā)表后，往往什么都沒有發(fā)生。沒有后續(xù)調(diào)查來復(fù)制或擴(kuò)展一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)。沒有人利用這些發(fā)現(xiàn)來開發(fā)新技術(shù)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)表達(dá)了這個(gè)意思：很多發(fā)現(xiàn)在被發(fā)表之后并沒有被投入使用。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“scientistsoftenhavetroublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbutnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbythebestacademicinstitutions.”可知，科學(xué)家們經(jīng)常在選擇正確的問題和正確設(shè)計(jì)研究來回答這些問題時(shí)遇到困難。太多的研究對(duì)太少的對(duì)象進(jìn)行測(cè)試，無法得出確定的結(jié)論。研究人員發(fā)表了數(shù)百種治療疾病的方法的報(bào)告，這些方法在動(dòng)物模型中有效，但在人類身上無效。制藥公司發(fā)現(xiàn)他們無法復(fù)制由最好的學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)表的有希望的藥物目標(biāo)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)提到的“一個(gè)營(yíng)銷公司測(cè)試一個(gè)網(wǎng)站的參與者，而這些參與者并不是該網(wǎng)站的目標(biāo)人群?！眲t屬于這一類問題。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Wecandosobyexploringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdatawidelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionsofthosestudies”可知，我們可以通過探索使科學(xué)調(diào)查更加可靠和有效的方法來做到這一點(diǎn)。這些可能包括協(xié)作團(tuán)隊(duì)科學(xué)、研究注冊(cè)、更強(qiáng)的研究設(shè)計(jì)和統(tǒng)計(jì)工具、更好的同行評(píng)審，以及廣泛提供科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，以便其他人能夠復(fù)制實(shí)驗(yàn)，從而建立對(duì)這些研究結(jié)論的信任。由此推知，實(shí)驗(yàn)必須可以復(fù)制才能有效，獲取信任。故選B。【46題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenlynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.（今年早些時(shí)候，TheLancet發(fā)表的一系列論文稱，每年用于醫(yī)學(xué)研究的2,650億美元中，有85%被浪費(fèi)了，因?yàn)樵谝豁?xiàng)研究的初步結(jié)果發(fā)表后，往往什么都沒有發(fā)生。）以及第一和第二段介紹了科學(xué)研究存在的問題。第三段提出解決問題的辦法。第四段提出解決問題過程中可能遇到的困難。最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)解決問題需要更多的努力。由此可知，這篇文章的寫作目的是為了介紹科學(xué)研究存在的問題，后面的內(nèi)容都是圍繞這個(gè)展開的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D。21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A．B．C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

ZhuRongji,China’spremierbetween1998and2003,isbackinthecenterofpublicattention,talkingoncemorewiththemediaandtheChinesepeople.Thistime,however,thewordsofthehighlyregardedspeakerareinwrittenform.ZhuRongji’sAnswerstoJournalists’Questions,publishedbyPeople’sPress,hasbeengettinggoodreviewsand27,000copiesflewofftheshelvesinthefirsttwodays.“Whateverliesahead,beitafieldoflandmines（地雷陣）orunfathomableabyss(萬丈深淵),Iwillexertallmyeffortsandcontributeallmybesttothecountry,”theformerpremiersaidinthebook,whichisacollectionofcommentsfromdomesticandinternationalpressconferences.“Zhuseldomignoredthetoughquestionsraisedbyforeignmedia,insteadreplyingwithconfidenceandhumor,”saidWuXuejin,co-editorofthebook.“Heleftthereportersandthepublicwithastrongimpression.”Forexample,theformerpremieroncespokeaboutcorruption（腐?。?saying:“I’llprepare100coffins(棺材).Ninety-nineforthosecorruptofficialsandoneformyself.”YuGuoming,vice-deanoftheSchoolofJournalismandCommunicationatRenminUniversityofCh