山西省忻州市誠(chéng)信高級(jí)中學(xué)校2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.__________amongthecrowdbyBen,Lindawaswearingabrightblueshirtinparticular.

A.Recognized B.Toberecognized C.Torecognize D.Havingbeenrecognized參考答案：B略2.Weshouldgivethedisabledencouragementtolive_____aswedo． A．a(chǎn)sarichandfalllife

B．a(chǎn)srichandfallalife C．soarichandfalllife

D．sorichandfallalife參考答案：B3.Someofusfailtolearnthatpainisthebody’swayofinformingthemind______wearedoingsomethingwrong,notnecessarily______somethingiswrong.A.that,what

B.that,that

C.what,that

D.what,what參考答案：B4.-----MustIgothererightnow?

-----No,you_____.You____gotherebeforesupper.A

mustn’t,need

B.needn’t,may

C.can’t,need

D.won’t,can參考答案：B5.—______！Thereisgarbageeverywhereoverthefloor!—I'mreallysorryforthat.A．Whatacleanroom

B．Howclean

C．Whatamess

D．Howupset參考答案：C由“Thereisgarbageeverywhereoverthefloor！”可知房間凌亂不堪，故選C項(xiàng)。6.Thenumberofpeopleintheworld________about6billionandlargequantitiesofwaste________eachyear.A．totals;hasbeenproducedB．totals;isproducedC．totals;areproducedD．total;arebeingproduced參考答案：C考查主謂一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為thenumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，所以先排除D項(xiàng)。而quantitiesof之后無(wú)論跟可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。從eachyear可看出用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以選C項(xiàng)。7.Thetourguideremindedpeopletobecarefulwhen______offtheboat． A．stepping

B．stepped

C．tostep

D．step參考答案：A8.Itis______histremendousenthusiasmanddevotionthattheoldteacherisrespectedbyallhisstudents.A.onaccountof

B.withregardto

C.intermsof

D.inreferenceto參考答案：A試題分析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意:這個(gè)老教師極大的熱情和奉獻(xiàn)精神使他贏得了他所有學(xué)生的尊重。onaccountof"由于,因?yàn)?;withregardto"至于,關(guān)于";intermsof"就……而言";inreferenceto"關(guān)于,至于"。根據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。9.

______seemstobenopossibilitythatthestudentmajoringinliberal-artscanwinthefirstprizeinthe100-meterrace.

A.What

B.There

C.That

D.Whether參考答案：B10.---ShespeaksSpanishbecauseshelivedinSpain.---Really?Howlong____there?A.doesshelive

B.didshelive

C.hasshelived

D.issheliving參考答案：B11.

youreadtheinstructionsclosely,youwouldknowwhatI

.A．Had,was

B．Should,am

C．Had,am

D．If,was參考答案：C解析：句意：如果你仔細(xì)閱讀了說(shuō)明，你就會(huì)知道我現(xiàn)在指的是什么了。根據(jù)句意可知條件狀語(yǔ)從句與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反，在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，若if省略，需將should/had/were提前。主句中“我現(xiàn)在指的是什么”是客觀事實(shí)，故用am。故選C。12.Isthisresearchcentre_____isfullofmodernequipmentyoualwaysmention.

A.where

B.that

C.theonethat

D.theonewhere參考答案：C13.Don'tloseheart.Youshouldbelievetheharderyoustudy,____________.A.moreprogressyouwillmake

B.themoreprogressyouwillmakeC.themoreyouwillmakeprogress

D.youwillmakethemoreprogress參考答案：B略14._____,everyonepresentwasamusedbyhisadventurestoryinAfrica.

A.Absurdasmightitsound

B.Asitmightsoundabsurd

C.Asabsurditmightsound

D.Absurdasitmightsound參考答案：D略15.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying______word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak_____

silenceA.the;a

B.a;the

C.a;不填

D.the;不填參考答案：B27.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguide

themountainclimberwasrescued.A.who

B.that

C.when

D.how參考答案：B二、填空17.Ahh…Fish,chipsandsoftpeas!Thereisnothing____41____(much)Britishthanfishandchips.Freshlycookedfishandchips,coveredinsalt,wrappedinnewspaperand____42____(eat)outofdoorsonacoldday,____43____(simple)cannotbebeaten!Sohow,whenandwheredidthistypicallyBritishdishcomeabout?Thepotato___44___(think)tohavebeenbroughttoEnglandfromtheNewWorldinthe17thcentury____45____SirWalterRaleighalthoughitisbelievedthattheFrenchinventedthefriedpotatochip.BothLancashireandLondonclaimtobethefirst____46____(invent)thisfamousmeal.In1838,CharlesDickens____47____(refer)to“friedfishwarehouses(倉(cāng)庫(kù))”in____48____novelOliverTwist.Ordinarypeoplesoondecidedthatputtingfriedfishandchipstogetherwasaverytasty____49____(combine)andsowasbornthedishoffishandchips!ThefirstfishandchipshopintheNorthofEnglandwasfoundedinMossleyaround1863.Mr.Leessoldfishandchipsfromawoodenhouseinthemarketandlaterhemovedthebusinesstoashopacrosstheroad___50___hadthefollowingwordsonthewindow,“Thisisthefirstfishandchipshopintheworld.”參考答案：41.more

42.eaten

43.simply

44.isthought

45.by

46.toinvent

47.referred

48.his/the

49.combination

50.that/which這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英式美食炸魚和炸土豆條的誕生過(guò)程?！?1題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：沒有什么比炸魚和薯?xiàng)l更英式的了。根據(jù)than，可知這里用比較級(jí)，所以填more?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。eat的邏輯主語(yǔ)是fishandchips，它們之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，所以填eaten?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。該空修飾整個(gè)句子，用副詞，所以填simply?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。描述主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“土豆”和“認(rèn)為”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以填isthought。【45題詳解】考查介詞。句意：土豆被認(rèn)為是17世紀(jì)由沃爾特·羅利爵士從新大陸帶到英國(guó)的。文中表示“被…”，所以填by?！?6題詳解】考查不定式。修飾序數(shù)詞，用不定式作定語(yǔ)，所以填toinvent?！?7題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In1838，可知是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填referred?！?8題詳解】考查代詞/冠詞。句意：1838年，查爾斯·狄更斯在他的/這部小說(shuō)《霧都孤兒》中提到“炸魚倉(cāng)庫(kù)”。文中表示“他的/這部小說(shuō)《霧都孤兒》”，所以填his/the?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：普通人很快就決定把炸魚和炸土豆條放在一起是一種非常美味的組合，于是炸魚和炸土豆條就這樣誕生了!前面有冠詞，故該空需要填名詞，所以填combination?！?0題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。___10___hadthefollowingwordsonthewindow是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是ashop，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，所以填that/which。18.Intheageofthesmartphone,thereseemsnoreasontoaskquestionsabout:theweatherforecast,abusiness’sphonenumberordirections,___41____canallbeeasilyfoundonGoogle,butveryoftenpeople___42____(actual)askthesethingsbytelephoning.Youranswermay___43____(reply)towithathank-youe-mail.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethatgreatchanges___44____(take)placeinourmannersduetotechnology.In

___45____late1870s,whenthetelephonewasinvented,peopledidn’tknowhow___46____(greet)acaller.Oftenthereisjustsilence.AlexanderGrahamBell,theinventor,suggestedthatpeoplesay“Ahoy”,___47____finally“Hello”wentout,thegreetingisnowusedineverydayface-to-facecommunications.Trytobe___48____(respect)nomatterwhoyoucommunicate___49____.Justkeepitinmindthat

___50____(polite)nevergoesoutoffashion.參考答案：41.which

42.actually

43.bereplied

44.havetaken

45.the

46.togreet

47.but

48.respectful

49.with

50.politeness【名師點(diǎn)睛】“特殊疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”的用法歸納

一．由兩部分構(gòu)成：疑問詞和動(dòng)詞不定式（wh-+to

do）。疑問詞部分包括疑問代詞who,

whom,

what,

which和whose以及疑問副詞when,

where和how。此外，連接詞“whether”也適用.它

主要具有以下幾種功能：

⑴當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，如：

●

When

to

hold

the

meeting

has

not

yet

been

decided.

●

Where

to

live

is

a

problem.

⑵當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常接在forget,

find

out,

discuss,

decide,

tell,

teach,

know,

learn,

wonder,

remember等動(dòng)詞之后作賓語(yǔ)如：

●

We

must

know

what

to

say

at

a

meeting.

●

He

could

not

tell

whom

to

trust.

●

Do

you

know

how

to

play

bridge?

⑶當(dāng)表語(yǔ)，如：

●

The

problem

is

where

to

find

the

financial

aid.

●

The

question

is

who

to

elect.

⑷當(dāng)名詞同位語(yǔ)，如：

●

Tom

had

no

idea

which

book

to

read

first.

●

The

question

whether

to

confess

troubled

the

girl.

⑸用于賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),雙重賓語(yǔ)。某些動(dòng)詞后可接“sb.+

疑問詞

+

不定式”構(gòu)成的雙重賓語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞常用的有advise,

ask,

show,

teach,

tell等。如：

●

I

can

tell

you

where

to

get

this

book.

●

I

ask

her

how

to

learn

English.

●

He

will

advise

you

what

to

do.

●

Will

you

show

me

how

to

use

the

machine?

(6)

作介詞賓語(yǔ)：某些介詞后面可接"疑問詞＋不定式"作賓語(yǔ)，這類介詞常用的有

about,

as,

from,

in,

of,

on,

with等。例如：

He

has

no

idea

of

how

to

answer

this

question.

他不知道怎樣回答這個(gè)問題。

Della

had

only

$1.87

with

which

to

buy

Jim

a

present.

德拉僅有$1.87為來(lái)吉姆買一件禮物。(which是關(guān)系代詞)

.Com]

You

have

a

number

of

topics

from

which

to

choose.

你有很多題目可以選擇。(which是關(guān)系代詞)

二“特殊疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以把復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)為簡(jiǎn)單句。

如：

I

don’t

know

what

I’ll

do

next.

=

I

don’t

know

what

to

do

next.

The

doctor

told

him

when

he

should

take

the

medicine.

=

The

doctor

told

him

when

to

take

the

medicine.

同樣，因?yàn)椤疤厥庖蓡栐~＋動(dòng)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞性從句，所以可用同等成分的從句代替，從而把簡(jiǎn)單句轉(zhuǎn)換為復(fù)合句。改寫時(shí)只需在疑問詞后加上適當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)，并把不定式改為適當(dāng)?shù)男问降闹^語(yǔ)即可。如：

Which

to

choose

is

important.

=

Which

we

should

choose

is

important.

The

question

is

where

to

go.

=

The

question

is

where

we

should

go.

三、“特殊疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)可構(gòu)成獨(dú)立問句。如：

What

to

do?

怎么辦？

How

to

get

rid

of

the

trouble?

如何擺脫困境？

按照英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的習(xí)慣，疑問副詞why

后不直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式，如：

誤：I

don’t

know

why

to

choose

that

dictionary.

正：I

don’t

know

why

you

must

choose

that

dictionary.

但它可以接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，即動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成why

do

sth./

why

not

do

sth.

肯定形式是表示某動(dòng)作是不必要的或沒有意義的，而否定形式是表示向某人提建議和表達(dá)看法，相當(dāng)于祈使句。

Today

is

Sunday.

Why

not

go

out

to

relax

yourself?

Why

pay

more

at

other

shops?

We

have

the

best

value.三、閱讀理解19.Inbusiness，there'saspeeddifference：It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirm'sleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitivestrategyandhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves．Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize．Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed．Inourstudyof343businesses，thecompaniesthatchosetogo，go，gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack．What'smore，thefirmsthat"sloweddowntospeedup"improvedtheirtopandbottomlines，averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree﹣﹣yearperiod．Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics，takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter？Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat"slower"and"faster"mean．Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationalspeed（movingquickly）andstrategicspeed（reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue）．Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction，forexample，maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference．Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime，intheformoflower﹣﹣qualityproductsandservices．Inourstudy，higher﹣﹣﹣companieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary．Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion．Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking．Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn．Bycontrast，performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime，paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency，stucktotestedmethods，didn'tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees，andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges．Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership．Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright，ratherthanploughaheadfullbore，aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals．Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop．41．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"gainanedge"inParagraph2mean？

A．Getanadvantage

B．IncreasethespeedC．Reachthelimit．D．Setagoal．42．Theunderlinedpart"thelawsofbusinessphysics"inParagraph3means

．A．spendingmoretimeandperformingworseB．spendingmoretimeandperformingbetterC．spendinglesstimeandperformingworseD．spendinglesstimeandperformingbetter43．Whatcanwelearnfromthe