Unit4PygmalionⅠ.閱讀理解ADoPeru'spotatoeshavetherightstuff?That'sthequestionscientistswillbeaskinginLimanextmonth,whenaselectionofpotatoeswillbeginundergoingteststodeterminewhethertheyarefittogrowonMars.NASA,theUSspaceagency,isconductingthepioneeringexperimenttogetherwithLima'sInternationalPotatoCenter.TheywillcultivateahundredselectedvarietiesinMars-likeconditionsthatcouldeventuallypavethewayforbuildingadomeontheRedPlanetforfarmingthevegetable.Oftheselectedcandidates,40arenativetotheAndesMountains,conditionedtogrowindifferentecologicalzones,canstandsuddenclimatechangesandreproduceinrockyareas.Theother60areimprovedvarieties,abletosurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.Theyarealsoimmunetoviruses.Thosethatpassthetestsmustmeetafinalcriterion—theymustbeablenotonlytogrowwellonMarsbutalsoreproduceinlargequantities.“We'realmost100percentcertainthatmanyoftheselectedpotatoeswillpassthetests，”saidJulioValdiviaSilva,aPeruvianNASAastrobiologist(太空生物學(xué)家)whoistakingpartintheambitiousproject.Thescientistsplantotransport100kilosofsoiltoalabinLimathatwillsimulatethecomplexMartianatmosphere—whichcontainsmostlycarbondioxide—andexposeittoextremeultraviolet(紫外線(xiàn)的)radiation.Ifthevarietiesselectedfornextmonth'sexperimentdon'tadapttothedesertsoil,theresearcherswillintroducenutrients,whichwillbeprovidedbyradiation.Infutureyears,NASAplanstobuildaMarsresearchcenterinthePeruviandesert.ItwouldcreateaperfectcopyoftheMartianlandscapeandatmosphereforfutureresearchintospacefarmingthatcouldservemannedmissionstoMarsandotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)將與國(guó)際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)首創(chuàng)性實(shí)驗(yàn)。1．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TransportpotatoestoPeruB．DeterminethevarietiesofpotatoesinPeruC．NASAistobuildaMarsresearchcenterinPeruD．NASAistosimulategrowingpotatoesonMarsinPeru解析：標(biāo)題概括題。通讀文章可知美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)計(jì)劃與國(guó)際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)首創(chuàng)性實(shí)驗(yàn)，即在秘魯培養(yǎng)可在火星上栽種的土豆。故答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D2．Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Fortykindsofpotatoescansurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.B．ManytypesofpotatoestobeplantedonMarsaredevelopedinPeru.C．SixtyvarietiesnativetotheAndesMountainscanstandsuddenclimatechanges.D．Thefinalcriterionisthatallthecandidatesareimmunetovirusesontheearth.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“TheywillcultivateahundredselectedvarietiesinMars-likeconditionsthatcouldeventuallypavethewayforbuildingadomeontheRedPlanetforfarmingthevegetable.可知B項(xiàng)正”確。依據(jù)第三段中的“Theother60areimprovedvarieties，abletosurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.可排”除A項(xiàng)；依據(jù)第三段中的“Oftheselectedcandidates,40arenativetotheAndesMountains，conditionedtogrowindifferentecologicalzones，canstandsuddenclimatechangesandreproduceinrockyareas.可排”除C項(xiàng)；依據(jù)第三段中的“Thosethatpassthetestsmustmeetafinalcriterion—theymustbeablenotonlytogrowwellonMarsbutalsoreproduceinlargequantities.可排”除D項(xiàng)。答案：B3．Whatiftheselectedvarietiesdon'tadapttothedesertsoilinPeru?A．Astrobiologistswillbesenttheretohelp.B．Nutrientswillbeprovidedtoplantsbyradiation.C．AMarsresearchcenterwillbebuiltforfurtherstudy.D．100morekilosofpotatoeswillbedirectlysenttoLima.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最后一句

“Ifthevarietiesselectedfornextmonth'sexperimentdon'tadapttothedesertsoil

，theresearcherswillintroducenutrients，whichwillbeprovidedbyradiation.

可知答案”為

B項(xiàng)。答案：B4．ThepassagemaybeintheA．scienceC．tourism

columnofB．sportsD．entertainment

ChinaDaily.解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹的是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)將與國(guó)際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)首創(chuàng)性實(shí)驗(yàn)，屬于科普類(lèi)文章，故答案為A項(xiàng)。答案：ABSomepeoplecallitatravelingmuseum.Othersrefertoitasalivingoropen-airmuseum.BuiltinBraziltohonorColumbus'firstvoyagetotheNewWorld,theNina,aColumbus-erareplica(復(fù)制品)ship,providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteshipfromover500yearsago.IjoinedthecrewoftheNinainGulfShores,Alabama,inFebruary2013.Aspartofaresearchprojectsponsoredbymyuniversity,mygoalwastodocumentmydaysaboardtheshipinablog.IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool-agechildren.Thefield-triptouroftheNinaishands-onlearningatitsbest.Inthissetting,studentscouldtouchtheline,passaroundaballaststone(壓艙石),andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus'days.Theysooncametounderstandthelaborinvolvedinsailingtheshipbackinhistime.Iwaspleasedtoseethestudentsbecomeactiveparticipantsintheirlearningprocess.TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseumthatprovidessuchfieldtrips.AvisittoJamestownSettlement,forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlersfromEnglandtoVirginiaintheearly1600s.Historicalguides,dressedinperiodcostumes,givetoursoftheSusanConstant,Godspeed,andDiscovery.Theseguidesoftenportrayacharacterthatwouldhavelivedandworkedduringthattimeperiod.Studentstouringtheseshipsareencouragedtointeractwiththeguidesinordertobetterunderstandthedailylifeinthepast.MyexperienceontheNinahelpstestify(證明)mylong-heldbeliefthatstudentsstayinterested,askbetterquestions,andengage(參與)inhigher-orderthinkingtaskswhentheyareactivelyengagedinthelearningprocess.ThestudentswhoboardedtheNinacameaspassivelearners.Theyleftasboldexplorers.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文介紹了哥倫布航海時(shí)的航船的復(fù)制品Nina，它是一個(gè)開(kāi)放的博物館。學(xué)生參觀這一特其他博物館能夠踴躍主動(dòng)參加學(xué)習(xí)。5．Whatoccupationistheauthorengagedin?A．Shipping.B．Education.C．Ecologicaltourism.D．Museumadministration.解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)第二段的第三句“IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetours可知，作者在給學(xué)齡少兒介紹相關(guān)航船復(fù)制品Nina

toschool-agechildren.的歷史知識(shí)；據(jù)此能夠判斷，

”作者從事的是教育行業(yè)，故

B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B6．WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheNinaintroducedinthepassage?A．SheisareplicaofashipthatColumbusbuiltinBrazil.B．Sheisalwayscrowdedwithforeigntouristsduringholidays.C．SheistheboatColumbussailedinhisvoyagetotheNewWorld.D．ShedisplayswhatColumbus'shipwaslikeandhowitoperated.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteship可知，Nina為人們供給了哥倫布的航船的原貌；依據(jù)第二段的“Inthissetting，studentscouldtouchtheline，passaroundaballaststone(壓艙石)，andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus'days.”可知，Nina還供給了怎樣操作該航船的方法，故D項(xiàng)正確。

”答案：D7．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Guidelinesforvisitorsontheships.B．LifeofthefirstsettlersinJamestownSettlement.C．DutiesoftheguidesintheBritishmuseums.D．IntroductiontoanothermuseumsimilartotheNina.解析：段落馬虎題。依據(jù)第三段的“TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseum...AvisittoJamestownSettlement，forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlers可知，第三段主要介紹了另一個(gè)與Nina近似的航行博物館，故D項(xiàng)正確。

”答案：D8．Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelasttwosentencesofthepassage?A．Thestudentsareinterestedinbecomingtourguides.B．Theexperiencehaschangedthestudents'learningattitude.C．Thestudentsbecomebraveandarereadytosailtheseasontheirown.D．Themuseumsaresuccessfulinteachingthestudentssurvivalskillsatsea.解析：句義猜想題。依據(jù)文章最后兩句可知，登上了哥倫布航船復(fù)制品Nina的學(xué)生由被支學(xué)習(xí)變?yōu)榱酥R(shí)的英勇探究者。據(jù)此能夠判斷，最后兩句意在說(shuō)明，這類(lèi)旅游改變了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：BⅠ.完形填空Therewasonceawidowwhohadtwodaughters.The1widowlovedtheelderwhowaslikeherselfbothinlooksandpersonality,butdidn'tlovetheother,whoresembledher2，althoughshewasprettyandfriendly.Theyoungerdaughterhadto3hardalldayandliveupontheleftoversofhereldersister.Amongherother4jobs,shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday5.Oneday6shehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain，anoldtremblingwomanaskedherforadrinkofwater.Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman，she7.Now,allofasudden,therewasnooldtremblingwomanbuta(n)8whorewardedgooddeedsbeforeher.“Yourfaceispretty9yourheartisgentle，”saidshe.“Foryourkindness,Iwillmakeyouagift.Everytimeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallcomeaflowerorajewel.”Whenthegirlreachedhome，herillmother10herforherlongabsence.“Pardonmeforbeingawaysolong，”shereplied.Asshespokesomepearlsanddiamondsdroppedfromher11.“WhatisthisIsee,child？”askedthe12widow.Thepoorgirlwassohappytobe13childbyhermotherthatsheeagerlytoldhermotherabouther14withtheoldwomanatthefountain.Thewidowimmediately15herfavoritedaughtertodoasthe16girlhaddone.Whentheimpatientgirlwasfillingthepotwithwateratthe17，abeautifulladyappearedand18adrinkofwaterfromthegirl.“Ihavenotcomeheretoserveyou，”she19replied.Thelady,whowasthefairy,said，“Iwillmakeyouagiftto20yourrudeness.Everytimeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallcomeasnakeoratoad(蟾蜍)．”[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文主要表達(dá)了兩個(gè)性格和表面不同樣的姐妹對(duì)賞賜別人幫助的不同樣反響及她們獲得的相應(yīng)的結(jié)果，彰顯了善有善報(bào)的道理。1．A.good-temperedB．bad-temperedC．kindD．beautiful解析：依據(jù)下文中的“herillmother并結(jié)”合下文她訓(xùn)誡小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。答案：B2．A.daughterB．teacherC．motherD．father解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself形”成比較。小女兒不像她而是像父親。答案：D3．A.complainB．playC．work

D．study解析：依據(jù)下文中的“Amongherother4jobs，shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday5.”結(jié)歸并“l(fā)iveupontheleftoversofhereldersister可推”知，小女兒每日要做很多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。答案：C4．A.easyB．hardC．interestingD．boring解析：依據(jù)上文中的“Theyoungerdaughterhadto

3

hardallday

可”推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。答案：B5．A.withinreachC．withouthesitation

B．witheaseD．fromagreatdistance解析：依據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過(guò)得很困難。由“shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday可推”知，小女兒還得每日從很遠(yuǎn)的地方擔(dān)水，這與其困難的生活狀況響應(yīng)。答案：D6．A.whenC．once

B．whileD．before解析：此處應(yīng)用

when

指引定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞Oneday。答案：A7．A.hesitatedB．a(chǎn)greedC．leftD．a(chǎn)rgued解析：依據(jù)空前的“Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman

可推”知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老太婆的懇求。答案：B8．A.boyB．oldwomanC．oldmanD．fairy解析：依據(jù)下文的“Thelady，whowasthefairy

可”推知，老太婆是仙女變過(guò)來(lái)的。答案：D9．A.althoughB．butC．whileD．a(chǎn)nd解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)選D。答案：D10．A.scoldedB．praisedC．thankedD．forgave解析：與“herillmother和“”herlongabsence呼”應(yīng)并聯(lián)合下文小女兒的致歉可知，此處表示小女兒遇到母親的訓(xùn)誡。答案：A11．A.waist

B．hairC．lips

D．hands解析：依據(jù)上文中的“Everytimeyouspeak，fromyourmouthshallcomeaflowerorajewel.可”知，小女兒此后說(shuō)話(huà)會(huì)口吐花兒或許寶石，應(yīng)選C。lip嘴“唇”，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：C12．A.amusedC．a(chǎn)stonished

B．interestedD．frightened解析：小女兒忽然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親身然很驚訝。astonished“吃驚的”。答案：C13．A.awardedB．calledC．showedD．taught解析：依據(jù)上文中的“WhatisthisIsee，child可”推知，寡婦很震撼，對(duì)小女兒的態(tài)度忽然轉(zhuǎn)變，輕柔了很多，稱(chēng)她為“孩子”。答案：B14．A.difficultyB．thoughtC．experimentD．experience解析：小女兒急迫地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。答案：D15．A.advisedB．gotC．forcedD．invited解析：getsb.todosth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：B16．A.slimB．tallC．elderD．poor解析：與上文中的“Thepoorgirl響應(yīng)”可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。答案：D17．A.riverC．fountain解析：與上文中的“Oneday

6

B．poolD．wellshehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain

”響應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也到達(dá)噴泉那里。答案：C18．A.askedforB．a(chǎn)skedofC．a(chǎn)skedaboutD．a(chǎn)skedafter解析：與上文中的“anoldtremblingwomanaskedherforadrinkofwater

”響應(yīng)可推知，一個(gè)美麗的女士向大女兒討水喝。答案：A19．A.rudely

B．jokinglyC．proudly

D．hurriedly解析：與下文中的“yourrudeness呼”應(yīng)可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)大女兒舉止很魯莽，與上文的“theimpatientgirl響應(yīng)，”應(yīng)選A。答案：A20．A.deserveC．equal

B．faceD．repay解析：聯(lián)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的魯莽相般配的禮品。equal“比得上”。答案：CⅠ.短文改錯(cuò)TheAmericanTVshowTheVoiceisoneofmymostfavoriteamusementshows