Cambridge4TestREADINGPASSAGEYoushouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-14whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.Adultsandchildrenarefrequentlyconfrontedwithstatementsaboutthealarmingrateoflossoftropicalrainforests.Q—14Forexample,onegraphicillustrationtowhichchildrenmightreadilyrelateistheestimatethatrainforestsarebeingdestroyedatarateequivalenttoonethousandfootballfieldseveryfortyminutes—aboutthedurationofanormalclassroomperiod.Inthefaceofthefrequentandoftenvividmediacoverage,itislikelythatchildrenwillhaveformedideasaboutrainforests—whatandwheretheyare,whytheyareimportant,whatendangersthem—independentofanyItItisalsopossiblethatsomeoftheseideaswillbemistaken.Q—Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbourmisconceptionsabout'pure',curriculumscience.Q—3Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbut eincorporatedintoamultifaceted,butorganised,conceptualframework,makingitandthecomponentideas,someofwhichareerroneous,morerobustbutalsoaccessibletomodification.Q—4Theseideasmaybedevelopedbychildrenabsorbingideasthroughthepopularmedia.Q—2Sometimesthisinformationmaybeerroneous.Itseemsschoolsmaynotbeprovidinganopportunityforchildrentore-expresstheirideasandsohavethemtestedandrefinedbyteachersandtheirpeers.Despitetheextensivecoverageinthepopularmediaofthedestructionofrainforests,littleformalinformationisavailableaboutchildren'sideasinthisarea.Q—1Theaimofthepresentstudyistostarttoprovidesuchinformation,tohelpteachersdesigntheireducationalstrategiestobuilduponcorrectideasandtodisplacemisconceptionsandtoplanprogrammesinenvironmentalstudiesintheirschools.Thestudysurveyschildren'sscientificknowledgeandattitudestorainforests.Secondaryschoolchildrenwereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairecontainingfiveopen-formquestions.Q—5Themostfrequentresponsestothefirstquestionweredescriptionswhichareself-evidentfromtheterm‘rainforest’.Somechildrendescribedthemasdamp,wetorhot.Thesecondquestionconcernedthegeographicallocationofrainforests.Thecommonestresponseswerecontinentsorcountries:Africa(givenby43%ofchildren),SouthAmerica(30%),Brazil(25%).Somechildrenalsogavemoregenerallocations,suchasbeingneartheEquator.Q—9Responsestoquestionthreeconcernedtheimportanceofrainforests.Thedominantidea,raisedby64%ofthepupils,wasthatrainforestsprovideanimalswithhabitats.Q—12Fewerstudentsrespondedthatrainforestsprovideplanthabitats,andevenfewermentionedtheindigenouspopulationsofrainforests.Moregirls(70%)thanboys(60%)raisedtheideaofrainforestasanimalSimilarly,butatalowerlevel,moregirls(13%)thanboys(5%)saidthatrainforestsprovidedhumanhabitats.Theseobservationsaregenerallyconsistentwithourpreviousstudiesofpupils'viewsabouttheuseandconservationofrainforests,inwhichgirlswereshowntobemoresympathetictoanimalsandexpressedviewswhichseemtoplaceanintrinsicvalueonnon-humananimallife.Q—7Thefourthquestionconcernedthecausesofthedestructionofrainforests.Perhapsencouragingly,morethanhalfofthepupils(59%)identifiedthatitishumanactivitieswhicharedestroyingrainforests, alisingtheresponsibilitybytheuseoftermssuchas'weare'.Q—18%ofthepupilsreferredspecificallytologgingOnemisconception,expressedbysome10%ofthepupils,wasthatacidrainisresponsibleforrainforestdestruction;asimilarproportionsaidthatpollutionisdestroyingrainforests.Here,childrenareconfusingrainforestdestructionwithdamagetotheforestsofWesternEuropebythesefactors.Whiletwofifthsofthestudentsprovidedtheinformationthattherainforestsprovideoxygen,insomecasesthisresponsealsoembracedthemisconceptionthatrainforestdestructionwouldreduceatmosphericoxygen,makingtheatmosphere patiblewithhumanlifeonEarth.Inanswertothefinalquestionabouttheimportanceofrainforestconservation,themajorityofchildrensimplysaidthatweneedrainforeststosurvive.Q—10Onlyafewofthepupils(6%)mentionedthatrainforestdestructionmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Thisissurprisingconsideringthehighlevelofmediacoverageonthisissue.Somechildrenexpressedtheideathattheconservationofrainforestsisnotimportant.Q—13Theresultsofthisstudysuggestthatcertainideaspredominateinthethinkingofchildrenaboutrainforests.Pupils'responsesindicatesomemisconceptionsinbasicscientificknowledgeofrainforests'ecosystemssuchastheirideasaboutrainforestsashabitatsforanimals,plantsandhumansandtherelationshipbetweenclimaticchangeanddestructionofrainforests.Pupilsdidnotvolunteerideasthatsuggestedthattheyappreciatedthecomplexityofcausesofrainforestdestruction.Inotherwords,theygavenoindicationofanappreciationofeithertherangeofwaysinwhichrainforestsareimportantorthecomplexsocial,economicandpoliticalfactorswhichdrivetheactivitieswhicharedestroyingtherainforests.Oneencouragementisthattheresultsofsimilarstudiesaboutotherenvironmentalissuessuggestthatolderchildrenseemtoacquiretheabilitytoappreciate,valueandevaluateingviews.Environmentaleducationoffersanarenainwhichtheseskillscanbedeveloped,whichisessentialforthesechildrenasfuturedecision-makers.Questions1-DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassageInboxes1-8onyouranswersheet ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisTheplightoftherainforestshaslargelybeenignoredbythemedia，mediaInthefaceofthefrequentandoftenvividmediacoverage.文章當中出現(xiàn)的重點詞匯為plightn.困三段原文Despitetheextensivecoverageinthepopularmediaofthedestructionofrainforests,littleformalinformationisavailableaboutchildren'sideasinthisarea.Childrenonlyacceptopinionsonrainforeststhattheyencounterintheir分析：only原文：Theseideasmaybedevelopedbychildrenabsorbingideasthroughthepopular原文翻譯：這些概念是孩子們原文翻譯：這些概念是孩子們 里得來的Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe‘pure’sciencethattheystudyat答案holdhabour相對應。harbourmisconceptionsholdmistakenviews。Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbourmisconceptionsabout'pure',curriculumThefactthatchildren’sideasaboutscienceformpartofalargerframeworkofideasmeansthatitiseasiertochangethem.分析：此題的定位詞為framework，題目當中的change和文章當中的modification對應原文：Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbut eincorporatedintoamultifaceted,butorganised,conceptualframework,makingitandthecomponentideas,someofwhichareerroneous,morerobustbutalsoaccessibletomodification.QThestudyinvolvedaskingchildrenanumberofyes/noquestionssuchas‘ArethereanyrainforestsinAfrica?’分析：文章當中說的openform和這里的yes/noquestion不符原文Secondaryschoolchildrenwereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairecontainingfiveopen-form原文翻譯：中學的還是們被要求完成一原文翻譯：中學的還是們被要求完成一 問卷，其中包括五個開卷的問題Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoholdmistakenviewsabouttherainforests’答案分析：此題的定位詞應該為girls/boys，原文：Moregirls70thanboys60raisedtheideaofrainforestasanimal原文翻譯原文翻譯 認為熱帶雨林是動物的棲息地Thestudyreportedherefollowsonfromaseriesofstudiesthathavelookedatchildren’sunderstandingofrainforests.分析：文章中的定位詞為aseriesofstudies，原文：Theseobservationsaregenerallyconsistentwithourpreviousstudiesofpupils'viewsabouttheuseandconservationofrainforests,inwhichgirlswereshowntobemoresympathetictoanimalsandexpressedviewswhichseemtoplaceanintrinsicvalueonnon-humananimallife. Asecondstudyhasbeenplannedtoinvestigateprimaryschoolchildren’sideasabout答案原文：NOTGIVEN原文翻譯：NOTQuestions9-TheboxbelowgivesalistofresponsesA-PtothequestionnairediscussedinReadingPassageAnswerthefollowingquestionsbychoosingthecorrectresponsesA-P.Writeyouranswersinboxes9-13onyouranswersheet.Thereisacomplicatedcombinationofreasonsforthelossoftherainforests.TherainforestsarebeingdestroyedbythesamethingsthataredestroyingtheforestsofWesternEurope.RainforestsarelocatedneartheEquator.Brazilishometotherainforests.Withoutrainforestssomeanimalswouldhavenowheretolive.Rainforestsareimportanthabitatsforalotofplants.Peopleareresponsibleforthelossoftherainforests.Therainforestsareasourceofoxygen.Rainforestsareofconsequenceforanumberofdifferentreasons.Astherainforestsaredestroyed,theworldgetswarmer.Withoutrainforeststherewouldnotbeenoughoxygenintheair.Therearepeopleforwhomtherainforestsarehome.RainforestsarefoundinRainforestsarenotreallyimportanttohumanThedestructionoftherainforestsisthedirectresultofloggingactivity.Humansdependontherainforestsfortheircontinuingexistence.Whatwasthechildren’smostfrequentresponsewhenaskedwheretherainforests答案：MRainforestsarefoundin為原文：Thesecondquestionconcernedthegeographicallocationofrainforests.Theresponseswerecontinentsorcountries:Africa(givenby43%ofchildren),SouthAmerica(30%),Brazil(25%).Somechildrenalsogavemoregenerallocations,suchasbeingneartheEquator.Whatwasthemostcommonresponsetothequestionabouttheimportanceofthe答案：EWithoutrainforestssomeanimalswouldhavenowhereto分析：定位為importanceofrainforests.原文Inanswertothefinalquestionabouttheimportanceofrainforestconservation,themajorityofchildrensimplysaidthatweneedrainforeststosurvive.Whatdidmostchildrenthinkitimportantfortherainforeststobe答案：GPeopleareresponsibleforthelossofthe分析：原文當中的定位詞為原文Perhapsencouragingly,morethanhalfofthepupils(59%)identifiedthatitishumanactivitieswhicharedestroyingrainforests,somealisingtheresponsibilitybytheuseoftermssuchas'weare'. Whydidmostchildrenthinkitimportantfortherainforeststobe答案：PHumansdependontherainforestsfortheircontinuing分析：題目當中的定位詞為protected原文Thedominantidea,raisedby64%ofthepupils,wasthatrainforestsprovideanimalswith原文翻譯：主流的思想認為熱帶雨林可以給動物帶來棲息地13Whichoftheresponsesiscitedasunexpectedly mon,giventheamountoftimespentontheissuebythenewspapersandevision?答案：JAstherainforestsaredestroyed,theworldgets分析 mon為定位原文：Onlyafewofthepupils6%)mentionedthatrainforestdestructionmaycontributetoglobalwarming.ThisissurprisingconsideringthehighlevelofmediacoverageonthisissueSomechildrenexpressedtheideathattheconservationofrainforestsisnotimportant.原文翻譯：只有百分之六的人提到熱帶雨林的會導致全球變暖。鑒于對這個問題長篇累牘的，這樣的結果真是有點。還有些學生認為保護熱帶雨林根本無關緊QuestionChoosethecorrectletter,A,B,C,DorWriteyouranswerinbox14onyouranswerWhichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforReadingPassageThedevelopmentofaprogrammeinenvironmentalstudieswithinascienceChildren’sideasabouttherainforestsandtheimplicationsforcourseTheextenttowhichchildrenhavebeenmisledbythemediaconcerningtheHowtocollect,collateanddescribetheideasofsecondaryschoolTheimportanceoftherainforestsandthereasonsfortheir答案原文：Adultsandchildrenarefrequentlyconfrontedwithstatementsaboutthealarmingrateoflossoftropicalrainforests.的。READINGPASSAGEYoushouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions15-26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2WhatDoWhalesAnexaminationofthefunctioningofthesensesincetaceans,thegroupofmammalscomprisingwhales,dolphinsandporpoisesSomeofthesensesthatweandotherterrestrialmammalstakeforgrantedareeitherreducedorabsentincetaceansorfailtofunctionwellinwater.Forexample,itappearsfromtheirbrainstructurethattoothedspeciesareunabletosmell.Baleenspecies,ontheotherhand,appeartohavesomerelatedbrainstructuresbutitisnotknownwhetherthesearefunctional.Ithasbeenspeculatedthat,astheblowholesevolvedandmigratedtothetopofthehead,theneuralpathwaysservingsenseofsmellmayhavebeennearlyallsacrificed.Similarly,althoughatleastsomecetaceanshavetastebuds,thenervesservingthesehavedegeneratedorarerudimentary.Q—15Thesenseoftouchhassometimesbeendescribedasweaktoo,butthisviewisprobablymistaken.Trainersofcaptivedolphinsandsmallwhalesoftenremarkontheiranimals'responsivenesstobeingtouchedorrubbed,andbothcaptiveandfree-rangingcetaceanindividualsofallspecies(particularlyadultsandcalves,ormembersofthesamesubgroup)appeartomakefrequentcontact.Thiscontactmayhelptomaintainorderwithinagroup,andstrokingortouchingarepartofthecourtshipritualinmostspecies.Q—22Theareaaroundtheblowholeisalsoparticularlysensitiveandcaptiveanimalsoftenobjectstronglytobeingtouchedthere.Thesenseofvisionisdevelopedtodifferentdegreeindifferentspecies.Baleenspeciesstudiedatclosequartersunderwater—specificallyagreywhalecalfincaptivityforayear,andfree-rangingrightwhaleandhumpbackwhalesstudiedandfilmedoffArgentinaandHawaii—haveobviouslytrackedobjectswithvisionunderwater,andtheycanapparentlyseemoderaywellbothinwaterandinair.However,thepositionoftheeyessorestrictsthefieldofvisioninbaleenwhalesthattheyprobablydonothavestereoscopicvision.Q—16Ontheotherhand,thepositionoftheeyesinmostdolphinsandporpoisessuggeststhattheyhavestereoscopicvisionforwardanddownward.Q—17Eyepositioninfreshwaterdolphins,whichoftenswimontheirsideorupsidedownwhilefeeding,suggeststhatwhatvisiontheyhaveisstereoscopicforwardandupward.Q—18,23Bycomparison,thebottlenosedolphinhasextremelykeenvisioninwater.Judgingfromthewayitwatchesandtracksairborneflyingfish,itcanapparentlyseefairlywellthroughtheair-waterinterfaceaswell.Q—19,24Andalthoughpreliminaryexperimentalevidencesuggeststhattheirin-airvisionispoor,theaccuracywithwhichdolphinsleaphightotakesmallfishoutofatrainer'shandprovidesanecdotalevidencetothecontrary.Suchvariationcannodoubtbeexplainedwithreferencetothehabitatsinwhichindividualspecieshavedeveloped.Forexample,visionisobviouslymoreusefultospeciesinhabitingclearopenwatersthantothoselivinginturbidriversandfloodedplains.Q—25TheSouthAmericanboutuandChineseBeiji,forinstance,appeartohaveverylimitedvision,andthensususareblind,theireyesreducedtoslitsthatprobablyallowthemtosenseonlythedirectionandintensityoflight.Althoughthesensesoftasteandsmellappeartohavedeteriorated,andvisioninwaterappearstobeuncertain,suchweaknessesaremorethancompensatedforbycetaceans'well-developedacousticsense.Q—26Mostspeciesarehighlyvocal,althoughtheyvaryintherangeofsoundstheyproduce,andmanyforageforfoodusingecholocation.Largebaleenwhalesprimarilyusethelowerfrequenciesandareoftenlimitedintheirrepertoire.Q—20Notableexceptionsarethenearlysong-likechorusesofbowheadwhalesinsummerandthecomplex,hauntingutterancesofthehumpbackwhales.Q—21Toothedspeciesingeneralemploymoreofthefrequencyspectrum,andproducewidervarietyofsounds,thanbaleenspecies(thoughthespermwhaleapparentlyproducesamonotonousseriesofhigh-energyclicksandlittleelse).Someofthemorecomplicatedsoundsareclearlycommunicative,althoughwhatroletheymayplayinthesociallifeand'culture'ofcetaceanshasbeenmorethesubjectofwildspeculationthanofsolidscience.1.echolocation:theperceptionofobjectsbymeansofsoundwaveQuestions15-21Completethetablebelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromReadingPassage2foreachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes15-21onyouranswersheet.evidencefrombrainnotrelatedbrainstructuresaresome regionaroundtheblowholevery答案：taste解析：table的題目先看文章當中的定位，在來找細節(jié)的定位一段原文：Similarlyalthoughatleastsomecetaceanshavetastebudsthenervesservingthesehavedegeneratedorarerudimentary. probablydonothavestereoscopic答案：baleenthebaleen解析：題目當中的定位詞為三段原文：However,thepositionoftheeyessorestrictsthefieldofvisioninbaleenwhalesthattheyprobablydonothavestereoscopicbablyhavestereoscopicvision17------解析：題目當中的定位詞為dolphinsand四段原文Ontheotherhand,thepositionoftheeyesinmostdolphinsandporpoisessuggeststhattheyhavestereoscopicvisionforwardanddownward.18-----probablyhavestereoscopicvisionforwardandupward答案：freshwaterdolphins(s)/the解析：題目當中的定位詞為forwardand四段原文Eyepositioninfreshwaterdolphins,whichoftenswimontheirsideorupsidedownwhilefeeding,suggeststhatwhatvisiontheyhaveisstereoscopicforwardandupward.exceptionalin andgoodinair- havelimitednprobablyonlysensedirectionandintensityof答案：water/the解析：題目當中的定位詞為bottlenosedolphin四段原文Bycomparison,thebottlenosedolphinhasextremelykeenvisioninwaterJudgingfromthewayitwatchesandtracksairborneflyingfish,itcanapparentlyseefairlywellthroughtheair-waterinterfaceaswell. usuallyuse ;repertoire答案：lowerfrequencies/thelower解析：題目當中的定位詞為mostlarge六段原文Largebaleenwhalesprimarilyusethelowerfrequenciesandareoftenlimitedintheir原文翻譯：大個子須鯨只能用低原文翻譯：大個子須鯨只能用低 whalesand-----usemoreoffrequencyspectrum;havewider答案解析：題目當中的定位詞為song-六段原文Notableexceptionsarethenearlysong-likechorusesofbowheadwhalesinsummerandthecomplex,hauntingutterancesofthehumpbackwhales.Questions22-AnswerthequestionsbelowusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachWriteyouranswersinboxes22-26onyouranswerWhichofthesensesisdescribedhereasbeinginvolvedin答案：touch/senseof解析：定位詞為二段原文Thiscontactmayhelptomaintainorderwithinagroup,andstrokingortouchingarepartofthecourtshipritualinmostspecies.Whatcanbottlenosedolphinsfollowfromunderthe答案：freshwaterdolphin(s)/thefreshwater解析：題目當中的定位詞為bottlenosedolphins四段原文Eyepositioninfreshwaterdolphins,whichoftenswimontheirsideorupsidedownwhilefeeding,suggeststhatwhatvisiontheyhaveisstereoscopicforwardandupward.Whatcanbottlenosedolphinsfollowformunderthe答案：airborneflying解析：文章中得定位詞尾bottlenosedolphins四段原文Bycomparison,thebottlenosedolphinhasextremelykeenvisioninwaterJudgingfromthewayitwatchesandtracksairborneflyingfish,itcanapparentlyseefairlywellthroughtheair-waterinterfaceaswell.Whichtypeofhabitatisrelatedtogoodvisual答案：clearwater(s)/clearopen解析：定位詞為goodvisual五段原文Forexample,visionisobviouslymoreusefultospeciesinhabitingclearopenwatersthantothoselivinginturbidriversandfloodedplains.原文翻譯：例如，視力對原文翻譯：例如，視力對 清水中得生物而言更為重要Whichofthesensesisbestdevelopedin答案：acousticsense/theacoustic解析：題目當中的定位詞為六段原文：Althoughthesensesoftasteandsmellappeartohavedeteriorated,andvisioninwaterappearstobeuncertain,suchweaknessesaremorethancompensatedforbycetaceans'well-developedacousticsense.原文翻譯：盡管鯨魚們的味覺和嗅覺嚴重，在水中的視覺又不那么確定，然而這些缺陷READINGPASSAGEYoushouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40whicharebasedonReadingPassage3PartFromanumberofrecentstudies,ithas eclearthatblindpeoplecanappreciatetheuseofoutlinesand stodescribethearrangementofobjectsandothersurfacesinspace.Q—27Butpicturesaremorethanliteralrepresentations.Thisfactwasdrawntomyattentiondramaticallywhenablindwomaninoneofmyinvestigationsdecidedonherowninitiativetodrawawheelasitwasspinning.Toshowthismotion,shetracedacurveinsidethecircle(Fig.1).Iwastakenaback.Linesofmotion,suchastheonesheused,areaveryrecentinventioninthehistoryofillustration.Q—28Indeed,asartscholarDavidKunzlenotes,WilhelmBusch,atrend-settingnineteenth-centurycartoonist,usedvirtuallynomotionlinesinhispopularfiguresuntilabout1877.WhenIaskedseveralotherblindstudysubjectstodrawaspinningwheel,oneparticularlycleverrenditionappearedrepeatedly:severalsubjectsshowedthewheel'sspokesascurvedlines.Whenaskedaboutthesecurves,theyalldescribedthemasmetaphoricalwaysofsuggestingmotion.Majorityrulewouldarguethatthisdevicesomehowindicatedmotionverywell.Butwasitabetterindicatorthan,say,brokenorwavylines—oranyotherkindofline,forthatmatter?Theanswerwasnotclear.SoIdecidedtotestwhethervariouslinesofmotionwereaptwaysofshowingmovementoriftheyweremerelyidiosyncraticmarks.Moreover,Iwantedtodiscoverwhetherthereweredifferencesinhowtheblindandthesightedinterpretedlinesofmotion.Tosearchouttheseanswers,Icreatedraised-linedrawingsoffivedifferentwheels,depictingspokeswithlinesthatcurved,bent,waved,dashedandextendedtheperimeterofthewheel.Ithenaskedeighteenblindvolunteerstofeelthewheelsandassignoneofthefollowingmotionstoeachwheel:wobbling,spinningfast,spinningsteadily,jerkingorbraking.MycontrolgroupconsistedofeighteensightedundergraduatesfromtheUniversityofToronto.thewheel'sperimetersignifiedthattheAllbutoneoftheblindsubjectsassigneddistinctivemotionstoeachwheel.Mostguessedthatthecurvedspokesindicatedthatthewheelwasthewheel'sperimetersignifiedthatthehaditsbrakesonandthatdashedspokesindicatedthewheelwasspinningquickly.Q—Inaddition,thefavoureddescriptionforthesightedwasthefavoureddescriptionfortheblindineveryinstance.Whatismore,theconsensusamongthesightedwasbarelyhigherthanthatamongtheblind.Becausemotiondevicesareunfamiliartotheblind,thetaskIgavetheminvolvedsomeproblemsolving.Evidently,however,theblindnotonlyfiguredoutmeaningsforeachlineofmotion,butasagrouptheygenerallycameupwiththesamemeaningatleastasfrequentlyasdidsightedPartWordsassociated withcircle/square subjectsLOVE-ALIVE-Fig.2SubjectswereaskedwhichwordineachpairfitsbestwithacircleandwhichwithaThesepercentagesshowthelevelofconsensusamongsightedWehavefoundthattheblindunderstandotherkindsofvisualmetaphorsaswell.Oneblindwomandrewapictureofachildinsideaheart—choosingthatsymbol,shesaid,toshowthatlovesurroundedthechild.WithChangHongLiu,adoctoralstudentfromChina,Ihavebegunexploringhowwellblindpeopleunderstandthesymbolismbehindshapessuchasheartsthatdonotdirectlyrepresenttheirmeaning.Wegavealistoftwentypairsofwordstosightedsubjectsandaskedthemtopickfromeachpairthetermthatbestrelatedtoacircleandthetermthatbestrelatedtoasquare.Q—33Forexample,weasked:Whatgoeswithsoft?Acircleorasquare?Whichshapegoeswithhard?Alloursubjectsdeemedthecirclesoftandthesquarehard.Afull94%ascribedhappytothecircle,insteadofsad.Q—35Butotherpairsrevealedlessagreement:79%matchedfasttoslowandweaktostrong,respectively.Andonly51%linkeddeeptocircleandshallowtosquare.(SeeFig.2.)Q—36，37Whenwetestedfourtotallyblindvolunteersusingthesamelist,wefoundthattheirchoicesresembledthosemadebythesightedsubjects.Q—38Oneman,whohadbeenblindsincebirth,scoredextremelywell.Hemadeonlyonematchdifferingfromtheconsensus,assigning'far'tosquareand'near'tocircle.Q—39Infact,onlyasmallmajorityofsightedsubjects—53%—hadpairedfarandneartotheoppositepartners.Thus,weconcludedthattheblindinterpret shapesassightedpeopledo.Q—34Questions27-Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,CorWriteyouranswersinboxes27-29onyouranswerInthefirstparagraphthewritermakesthepointthatblind maybeinterestedinstudyingcandrawoutlinesofdifferentobjectsandcanrecognizeconventionssuchascandrawaccura答案解析：定位詞為first一段原文：Fromanumberofrecentstudies,ithas eclearthatblindpeoplecanappreciatetheuseofoutlinesand stodescribethearrangementofobjectsandothersurfacesinspace. Thewriterwassurprisedbecausetheblinddrewacircleonherowndidnotunderstandwhatawheellookedincludedasymbolrepresentingwasthe touselinesof答案解析：題目當中的surprised對應的是文章當中的takenaback一段原文：Toshowthismotion,shetracedacurveinsidethecircle(Fig.1).Iwastakenaback.Linesofmotion,suchastheonesheused,areaveryrecentinventioninthehistoryofillustration. FromtheexperimentdescribedinPart1,thewriterfoundthattheblindhadgoodunderstandingofsymbolsrepresentingcouldcontrolthemovementofwheelsveryaccuraWorkedtogetherwellasagroupinsolvinggotbetterresultsthanthesighted解析：題目當中的定位詞為blindsubjects五段原文Evidentlyhowevertheblindnotonlyfiguredoutmeaningsforeachlineofmotionbutasagrouptheygenerallycameupwiththesamemeaningatleastasfrequentlyasdidsightedsubjects.Questions30-Lookatthefollowingdiagrams(Questions30-32),andthelistoftypesofmovementbelow.MatcheachdiagramtothetypeofmovementA-Egenerallyassignedtoittheexperiment.ChoosethecorrectletterA-Eandwritetheminboxes30-32onyouran