教材練習(xí)答案及聽(tīng)力原文Unit1WARMINGUP?Answers:Archimedes,AncientGreek(287-212BC)Hewasamathematician.Hefoundthatifyouputanobjectintowaterthewaterpushestheobjectup.Itrisesandpartlyfloats.Theforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.CharlesDarwin,British(1808-1882)TheOriginofSpecieswaspublishedin1859.Itexplainedhowplantsandanimalshadchangedovertimetofitinwithachangingenvironment.Atthetimeitwaspublisheditwasverycontroversial.ManypeoplebelievedtheBiblewhenitsaidthatGodmadethefirsttwopeople(AdamandEve)andthatallotherpeoplecamefromthesetwo.Darwin'sbookshowedthatpeoplehaddevelopedfromapesinstead.Sothiscausedalotofargumentbetweenreligiousandscientificpeople.HoweverDarwin'sideabecameveryinfluentialandisstillacceptedtoday.ThomasNewcomen,British(1663-1729)HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryin1698andturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712.JamesWattimproveditstillfurtherinthe1770sturningitintothefirstmodernsteamengineusedontherailways.GregorMendel,Czech(1822-1884)Hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredityandinheritedcharacteristics.Heconcentratedoncross-fertilisingpeaplantsandanalyzingtheresults.Between1856-1863hegrew28,000peaplants.Heexaminedsevenkindsofseedandplantcharacteristicsanddevelopedsomelawsofinheritance.Thefirstisthatinheritancefactorsdonotcombinebutarepassedtothenextgenerationintact.Second,hefoundthateachpartnergiveshalftheinheritedfactorstotheyoung.Third,someofthesefactorsshowupintheoffspring(andsoaredominant).Theotherfactorsaremaskedbythedominantones(andsoarerecessive).MarieCurie,PolishandFrench(1867-1934)ShewasborninPolandandcametostudyinFrancein1891andshelivedtherefortherestofherlife.In1898shediscoveredradium.ShereceivedtwoNobelprizes,one(withPierreCurie)forphysics(1903)andoneforchemistry(1911).Sheistheonlypersontohavebeensohonoured.OnthedeathofherhusbandshetookoverhisjobattheSorbonneinParis.Herworkonradioactivityandthediscoveryofradiummeantthatshebegananewscientificareaofresearch.ShewasthefirstwomantoreceiveaNobelPrizeandthefirstwomantoteachattheSorbonne.ThomasEdison,American(1847-1931)Hewasalreadyaninventorofotherelectricaldevices(phonograph,electriclightbulb)whenin1882hedesignedasystemforprovidingNewYorkwithelectricityfromacentralpowerstation.Thiswasatremendousachievement,whichhadpreviouslybeenthoughtimpossible.LeonardodaVinci,Italian(1452-1519)Hewasafamousartistwhoseskillforshowinghumanskintonesmadehispaintingsseemtocomealive.Heusedtostudydeadpeopleinordertomakehispaintingsasaccurateaspossibile.Someofhisfamouspaintingsinclude“TheAdorationoftheMagi”andthe“TheLastSupper”.LaterinhislifehelivedinFrancewherehedesignedasubmarineandaflyingmachine.SirHumphryDavy,British(1778-1829)Hedidresearchintodifferentgasesanddiscoveredthemedicinalvalueofnitrousoxide(orlaughinggas)asananaesthetic.In1815hedevelopedasafetylampforminers.Previouslytherehadbeenmanyaccidentswhencandlesontheminers'helmetshadexplodedwhenitcameintocontactwithundergroundgasfromthecoaltheminersweredigging.Thesafetyhelmetmadeworkingundergroundverymuchsafer.ZhangHeng,Chinese(78-139)Heinventedthefirstseismographtoindicateinthedirectionofanearthquake.Itwasintheshapeofacylinderwitheightdragonheadsroundthetop,eachwithaballinitsmouth.Aroundthebottomwereeightfrogsdirectlyunderadragon'shead.Whenanearthquakeoccurred,aballfelloutofthedragon'smouth,makinganoise.StephenHawking,British(1942-)Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudiedblackholesinspace.Hehasshownthatblackholesdonotonlyabsorbeverythingaroundthembut,fromtimetotime,throwoutmatteraswell.Thismaymarkthebeginningofnewgalaxies.Thisisanadvanceontheoldtheorywhichsaidthatblackholes“eat”everythingtheycomeacross.COMPREHENDING?AnswerkeyforExercise1:AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.KingCholerawasdefeated.?AnswerkeyforExercise2:JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.

Threediseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARS,AIDSandbirdflu,becausetheyareserious,haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.?SamplesummaryforExercise3:JohnSnowwantedtofindthecauseofcholera.Hebelievedthatpeoplebecameillaftereatinginfectedfood.Heusedthenextoutbreakofcholeratotesthisidea.Hestudiedasmallareaofhouseswhichgottheirwaterfromthesamepump.Manypeopleintheareadied.JohnSnowshowedthatthiswasbecausethewaterinthepumpwasinfected.Heshowedthatcholeracouldbedefeatedifpeopledrankcleanwater.LEARNINGABOUTLANGUAGEDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions?SuggestedanswerstoExercise1:victim2physician3analysedefeat5challenge6enquirypump8blame9absorb10link...to?AnswerkeyforExercise2:severe2suspected3exposedexperts5cure6foresaw7concluded8announced9attended?AnswerkeyforExercise3:makeasuggestionmakeaplanmakeaspeechmakeachangemakeasuggestionmakeaplanmakeaspeechmakeachangemakeadescriptionmakeaninvestigation?SomepossibleexamplesforExercise4:Theteacheraskedusnottomakefacesinclass.Itriedtomakefriendswithmyneighbourbuthewastoooldanddidnotwanttotalktome.Thebestwaytomakemoneyistostudyhardandgaingoodqualifications.Ididn'tlikethemtocollectmeintheircarsoImademywaytotherestaurantonfootbymyself.I'mtootiredtomakedinner,soIdecidetoeatout.Beforeyoupayforthatnewcarmakesureithasaguarantee,whichwillprotectyouagainstanyproblemsduringthefirstyear.Don'tmakeupyourmindaboutbuyingthathousetillyouhaveseenafewmore.Whenyouleaveyourflatinthemorning,itlookstidierifyoumakethebedbeforeyougo.Ihavetriedtomakeroomforheronthatcoursebuttherearejusttoomanypeoplealreadyattendingit.Discoveringusefulstructures?SomepossibleanswersforExercise1:...whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.(attribute)

HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepump.(attribute)Hebecameinterestedintwotheories.(pre-dicative)Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunder-stood.(predicative)?AnswerkeyforExercise2:PastParticipleastheAttribute(1)PastParticipleastheAttribute(2)1terrifiedpeople21terrifiedpeople2reservedseats3pollutedwater4acrowdedroomseatsreservedby...waterpollutedby...aroomcrowdedwith...apleasedwinner5awinnerpleasedwith...astonishedchildren6childrenastonishedat/by...abrokenvase7avasebrokenby...acloseddoor8adoorclosedby...thetiredaudience9theaudiencetiredof...atrappedanimal10ananimaltrappedin/by...?AnswerkeyforExercise3:1blamed/upset2tired3disappointed4shocked/depressed5excited6infectedUSINGLANGUAGELISTENINGTEXTAGREATCHINESESCIENTISTFatheroftheChinesespaceprogrammeYuPing(YP)istalkingtoherfriendSteveSmith(SS)aboutQianXuesenandhisworkasarocketscientist.Part1YP:Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup,Steve?SS:Iwanttobeanastronomerandvisitsstars.IwishtovisitMarsoneday.YP:IthinkI'dliketoworkinthespaceindustrytoo.I'dliketobearocketscientistlikeQianXuesen.SS:Whatdidhehavetodotobecomearocketscientist?YP:Well,hefirststudiedatuniversitytobeanengineer.LaterhewenttoAmericatostudyforhisdoctor'sdegree.Itwasthenhebegantoworkonrockets.SS:SoitwasluckyforourspaceprogrammethathecamebacktoChina.YP:Verymuchso.TherewasnoworkonspacerocketsinChinabeforehebeganhisinstitutetodesignandbuildrocketstogointospace.Part2SS:Doyouthinkhewantedtotravelintospaceinoneofhisrockets?YP:IhavenoideabutIbelievehelookedforwardtothefirstspaceflightbyaChineseastronaut.SS:Yes.NowthatChinahassentsatellitesintospace.Ihopewe'llbethefirsttolandonMars.ThatwouldreallybesomethingspecialandifIwerethatastronautIwouldputQianXuesen'spictureonMarstoshowhowmuchweadmirehiswork.YP:Indeed.HeisrightfullycalledthefatheroftheChinesespaceprogramme.HeismyheroandheiswhyIwanttobearocketscientist.SS:Well,we'dbettergetonwithourhomework.Weneedgoodgradestogetintouniversity.YP:Rightyouare.Seeyou,then.SS:Seeyou.?AnswerkeyforExercise1:Studentswillgivetheirownanswers.?AnswerkeyforExercise2:MainIdea:ItisabouttheroleofQianXueseninthedevelopmentofspacetechnologyinChina.?AnswerkeyforExercise3:QianXuesenfirststudiedtobeanengineer.InAmericahebegantoworkonspacerocketssothathewasabletodevelopaspaceprogrammewhenhecamebacktoChina.WhenQianXuesenreturnedtoChinahesetupaspaceinstitutetobegintrainingpeopleinhowtodesignandbuildrockets.?AnswerkeyforExercise4:China'sachievement-sinspaceSteveSmith'sambitionsChineseastronautsinspaceChinesesatellitesinspace1becomearocketscientistbethefirsttolandonMarsandputQianXuesen'spicturethere?AnswerkeyforExercise3:Studentsgivetheirownanswers.Studentscanshowthattheyunderstandwhatisinvolvedbymakingarealisticdialogueoftheirown.Sampleconversation:MIKE:Whatdoyouwanttodowhenyougrowup?LIRU:Iwanttobuildrobots.IwillhavetodoaphysicsandmathematicsdegreeinChina.AfterthatIhopetogoabroadtoReadingUniversityinEnglandwhereyoucanstudyallaboutrobots.Thereisaspecialcyberneticsdepartmentthere.MIKE:Whatpersonalitywillbeneededforthatjob?LIRU:IthinkIneedtobepatientformyideaswhichwilltakealongtimetodevelop.alsoneedtobecreativeenoughtohavegoodideas.MIKE:Whatexperiencewillbemostusefultoyou?LIRU:Ithinktechnologyandengineeringprojects.Ihopetoworkinafactoryinmyholidays.MIKE:Whatkindofpersonmakesagoodinventor?LIRU:Ithinksomeonewhoishappytopersevereatsomethingandlearnsfromhismistakes.MIKE:Thankyou.Ithinkdesigningrobotssoundsfun.Readingandwriting?AnswerkeyforExercise1:BeforeShowingCopernicus'theoryCopernicus'theoryAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththeearthatitscentreAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththesunatitscentre?AnswerkeyforExercise2:Studentsgivetheirownanswers.Samplewriting:DearNicolausCopernicus,amastudentstudyingastronomyandIwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem.Ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons.understandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory.Thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.Itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange.SoIagreewithyouthatweneedanewtheory.knowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermayneyars.Nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.Iknowyouworryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoupublishyournewtheory.Nomatterhowpeopleopposeit,timewillshowwhetheryourideasarerightorwrong.SoIhopeyouwillfeelyoucanpublishyournewtheory.Yourssincerely,(yourname)Unit2WARMINGUP?Answers:C2B(directflight)3B4A5BQuestion1:TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.Moreaboutthisappearsinthefirstreadingpassage.Question2:IttakestenhourstoflyfromBeijingtoLondonHeathrowAirportifyoutakeadirectflight.Question3:ItmayappeartoanoutsiderthattheQueenhasanimportantroleinrulingthecountry.However,thisisnotso.Herpositionisceremonial:openingParliament,welcomingHeadsfromothercountries,goingontourstoothercountriestoencouragetradewithBritain,etc.ThePrimeMinistertogetherwithhismostimportantministers(calledtheCabinet)andhisMembersofParliament(eachfromadifferentpartofthecountry)maketheimportantpoliticaldecisionsandthelaws.Question4:ThecountiesofBritainaremuchsmallerthanprovincesinChina.They44brokeaway5institutionshavelocalgovernmentpowersfortheirarea.CountieshaveseveralMembersofParliamentdependingonthesizeoftheirpopulation.LargetownssuchasReadinghavetwoMPsandthelargestcityinEnglandoutsideLondon,whichisBirmingham,hastenMPs.Question5:TheRiversThamesandSevernareverysimilarinlengthbuttheRiverThamesisslightlylonger.TheRiverThamesis338kmandtheRiverSevernis290km.TheRiverAvonismuchshorter.COMPREHENDING?AnswerkeyforExercise1:England,WalesandScotlandEnglandandWalesEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIrelandRepublicofSouthernIrelandEngland/GreatBritain/theUK?AnswerkeyforExercise2:ThecountryleftoutisWales.ItisusuallyassumedtobepartofEngland.England,ScotlandandWales.TheVikingsdidnotinfluenceLondon.?AnswerkeyforExercise3:North:Leeds,York,Sheffield,ManchesterMidlands:Coventry,BirminghamSouth:Reading,London,Brighton,Plymouth?AnswerkeyforExercise4:Para1,2&3:whatEnglandincludes;aboutGreatBritain;theUK.Para4:thegeographicaldivisionofEnglandintozones;theirsimilaritiesanddifferences.Para5&6:theculturalimportanceofLondon.Possiblesummary:ThewriterexamineshowtheUKdevelopedasanadministrativeunit.ItshowshowEnglandisalsodividedintothreezones.ItexplainswhyLondonbecametheculturalcapitalofEngland.LEARNINGABOUTLANGUAGEDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions?AnswerkeyforExercise1:unwillingconveniencesunwillingconveniencesconstructing7administrationenjoyablecountrysideclarifyKingdomaccomplishSuggestedanswerstoExercise2:1currency1currency2TheUnionJackUnited;consistofconflicts7provinces?AnswerkeyforExercise3:asked2whispered3screamedbegged5agreed6answeredshouted8complained9suggestedDiscoveringusefulstructures?AnswerkeyforExercise1:...toformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth,...IthastheoldestportbuiltbytheRomans...?SuggestedanswerstoExercise2:havegotthehousemendedHaveyouhadyourhaircut?havethedictionarydeliveredhaven'thadthefilmdeveloped6founditclosed6getitrepairedgotalltheirmoneystolenhaveitdividedhadsomeofhispointsclarifiedhad/gotsomeflowerssent;haditannounced;haditorganized?AnswerkeyforExercise3:Answerswillvary.USINGLANGUAGEReading?Suggestedanswers:Day1CommentsDay2Day3TowerofLondonStPaul'sCathedralWestminsterAbbeyBigBen1delight,fancysplendidandinterestinginteresting,fullofstatuesofpoetsandwritersfamousandveryloud1Greenwichwithshipsclock(GMT)longitudeline1KarlMarx'sstatue“strangehelivedanddiedinLondon”BritishMuseum“thrilledtoseeChinesepottery”ListeningLISTENINGTEXTCANAROYALPALACEALSOBEAPRISON?ZhangPingyu(ZP)istryingtofindoutmoreaboutthehistoryoftheTowerofLondonfromaguide(G).Part1G:TheTowerwasthehomeoftheKingbutalsoaprison.Manyimportantpeoplewerekeptthere.ZP:Ibegyourpardon?Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please?G:Ofcourse.Haveyouheardof“ThePrincesintheTower”?ZP:No,I'mafraidnot.G:Thesetwoprinceswerebrothers,calledEdwardandRichardandtheylivedsixhundredyearsago.TheycametoLondon,fortheolderboytobecomeEdwardV,afterhisfather,KingEdwardIV,died.ZP:Isee.Howoldwashe?G:Hewasonlythirteenyearsold.Hiscrueluncle,alsocalledRichard,wassupposedtolookafterthemboth,butinsteadhehadthemkilledwhiletheywereasleep.ZP:Whatdoyoumean?Hekilledthemhimself?G:No.HesenthismentokillthembecausehewantedtobecomeKingRichardIII.Thereisastorythatonadarknightyoucansometimeshearthoseprincescrying.ZP:Youcanhearthemcrying?Really?Ithoughtyousaidtheywerekilledmanyyearsago.G:Yes,butit'sonlyastory!Part2ZP:WhoelsecametotheTowerasaprisoner?G:Afuturequeen.Inthe1550sQueenMarysenthersister,PrincessElizabeth,totheTowerasaprisoner.ZP:Strange!Whydidshedothat?G:ShethoughtElizabethwasatraitor.SoshesentElizabeththroughaspecialgatecalled“Traitors'Gate”.Thatonlyhappenedtoverybadpeople.ZP:I'msorryIdon'tunderstand.HowdidElizabethbecomeQueenifshewasaprisoner?G:Easy.HerbrotherandsisterbothdiedwithoutchildrensoElizabethbecameQueenElizabethI.Shetriednottobeunfairtootherswhenshewasqueen.ZP:I'mgladtohearthat.?AnswerkeyforExercise1:ElizabethlaterQueenElizabethI.KingHenry訓(xùn).RichardI.EdwardVandRichard.?AnswerkeyforExercise2:TicksforbrothersEdwardVandRichard(sonsofKingEdwardV);KiEndgwardV;Richard(laterKingRichardI);QueenMary;Elizabeth(laterQueenElizabethI);?AnswerkeyforExercise3:PrinceEdward(laterEdwardV)wasoneoftheprincesmurderedintheTower.Weknowbecause:?bothwereprinces?bothwereyoungboys?theirunclewasRichardwholaterbecameKingRichardIII.KingRichardIIIkilledtheprincesbecausehewantedtobecomeking.?AnswerkeyforExercise4:came,future,Mary,Princess,Tower,Strange,thought,through,Traitors',happenedSpeakingandwritingSampledialogue:S1:Excuseme.Areyouaguide?S2:Yes,Iam.CanIhelpyou?S1:CanIaskyouaquestionabouttheTempleofHeaven?S2:Ofcourse.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?S1:What'sthisTemplefor?S2:TheEmperorcametoprayforgoodcropsandagoodharvestforthecountry.HemadeofferingstotheGodandaskedhimforhelp.S1:Pleasecanyouspeakmoreslowly?I'mafraidIcan'tfollowyou.S2:I'msorry.I'llspeakmoreslowly.ThisistheHallwheretheEmperormadehissacrificestotheGods.Youmaynotgoinbutjustlookthroughthedoor.S1:Whatdidyoumeanbymakingsacrifices?S2:Hekilledmanyanimalsaftermakingprayers.Hewasalsodressedinspecialclothes.S1:Ibegyourpardon?Specialclothes!Ithoughthisclotheswerealwaysspecial!Whatwerethey?S2:Theywereclotheskeptjustforthisoccasion.HechangedinaspecialyellowroomandcameouttogotopraytotheGods.S1:Isee.Whendidthisstop?S2:WhentheEmperorsstoppedrulingChina.S1:Thankyou.Youhavebeenmosthelpful.Unit3WARMINGUP?Suggestedanswers:PresenttimeInOneThousandYear'sTimeTransportAirplanes;cars;bicyclesNolongerbyairbecauseofenvironmentalpollution;bicyclesandhorseswillmakeacomeback.WorkOffice;factory;construction;landscape;serviceAthomeusingadvanced,interactivecomputers;meetingscanbeconductedonthecomputerandpeoplewillseeeachotherspeak.FinanceandcurrencyBanks;offices;insurance;businessOneglobalcurrency—maybetheyuanasChinawillbethelargestglobalexporterLanguagesEnglish;Russian;ChineseOnegloballanguage—perhapsChineseorstillEnglishEnvironmentAir:couldbeimprovedincitiesVerypoor;needtorecycleallwaste;controlontheuseofcars;noairplanes;methodstoimprovepoorairquality.Climateoftheearthbeingveryhotismakingproblemsoverwaterresources.EducationNursery;schools;universityLongerthannowpossiblyuntil25yearsofagesothatstudentscanlearnallthenewtechnologiesHousesFlats;houses;concrete;woodBuiltintothegroundasthesurfaceoftheearthissohot.Communica-tionPostoffice;InternetBythoughtpad,telephone,computer,mobiles,Morsecode,etc.COMPREHENDING?AnswerkeyforExercise1:LiQiangwentintothefuturebecausehehadwonaprizethatgavehimatour.Hefeltratheranxiouswhenhelefthisowntimebutsoongotitover.Hewentbytimecapsule.Thefirstthinghenoticedwasthepoorqualityoftheairanditgavehimaheadache.Hefoundseveralthingsthatweredifferent:?amasktogivehimenoughoxygen?ahoveringcarriage?havinga“timelag”experience?astrange-lookinghousethatbelongedtoWangPing'sparents?treesthatactedaswallsandprovidedoxygenfortheroom?tables,chairsandabedthatwerestoredunderthefloor?AnswerkeyforExercise2:GoodchangesBadchangesTimetravelcantraveltodifferenttimesasyouwishAfter-effectsoftravelTransportcanmoveswiftlydisorganized;difficulttofindwayHousessavelivingspaceshortofspaceTownsbusy;looklikemarketseasytogetlostAirqualityownfamilyoxygensupplypoorqualityinpublicplaces?AnswerkeyforExercise3:Studentsgivetheirownopinionsintheclassdiscussion.?AnswerkeyforExercise4:Paragraphmainidea:HowIcametotakeatimetraveljourneydetails:myprize;myexcitementmainidea:Thejourneydetails:howIfelt;thespaceship;thejourneymainidea:Myimpressionsoflifeonethousandyearsintothefuturedetails:littleoxygen;maskstoprovideoxygen;hoveringcarriage;howtodrivethem;a“timelag”momentmainidea:StayinginWangPing'shome

details:appearanceofhouse;treesaswalls;wherefurniturestored;atemeal;preparedforsleepLEARNINGABOUTLANGUAGE?AnswerkeyforExercise1:?SuggestedanswerstoExercise2:1o?AnswerkeyforExercise3:opportunities;constantly;stewardesses;previous;adjustment;tolerate;takeup;losesightof;link;bentDiscoveringusefulstructures?AnswerkeyforExercise1:Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparent'scompany...Hitbyalack...Exhausted,Islidintobed...?AnswerkeyforExercise2:Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache.Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,Suedarednotsleepinherbedroom.Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.Exhaustedbyaday'swork,Georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.Veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable(givenbyherboss),Lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.?AnswerkeyforExercise3:SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledLiQiang.IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentvanGogh.Ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud.Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriagedrawnbyfourhorses.Thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome.Thacastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.USINGLANGUAGE?SuggestedanswerstoExercise1:ModernInventionsofthe31stCenturyOnlytobeseenontheSpaceStationCommunicationWasteDisposalManufacturingInventionthoughtpadawastemachinemanufacturingrobotsadvantages1efficientenvironmentallyfriendly1disposesofallwasteturnsthemintothreegradesofusefulmaterial1nowastenopollutionnoenvironmentaldamagedisadvantagesthoughtsmustbeclearormessagesmaybemixedupNonepeoplemustliveonaspacestationtomonitortherobotsComeandseehowtheyworktoday!?SampledialogueforExercise2:S1:We'dreallyliketoliveandworkinaspacestationinthe31stcentury.Ofcoursethere'dbealotofwork,butwe'dreallyenjoytheleisuretimewewouldhave.S2:Andthelargenumberofrobotsthatwecouldusetofilloursparetimewith!S1:Yesindeed!Webothenjoyworkingwithrobotsandfindthemlotsoffun.Wewouldtrainthemtoplayfootballsothatwecouldeachhaveourownteamandholdcompetitions.S2:Oncewe'dgottwofootballteamswe'dbegintrainingtherobotsforatriathlonorthree-skillcompetition.Therewouldberunning,swimmingandfinallyafootballmatch.That'dbefuntoo.S1:Robotsarenevertiredsowe'dtrainthemtocookourfavouritedishesanddoallthehouseworkthroughoutthespaceship.S2:Whenwegetfed-upwithcompetitionswe'darrangefortherobotstodesignusabeachareawherewecansun-batheandrelax.Idon'tthinklifecouldbebetter!S1:NordoI!LISTENINGTEXTCANPEOPLEREALLYLIVEONMARSLIQiang(LQ)isinterviewingWalkerHiller(WH)onthespacestationabouthisideaforbuildinganewtowncalled“Wonderworld”onMars.LQ:Well,MrHillerWhydidyouthinkofbuildinganewtownonMars?WH:Itsoundsastonishing,doesn'tit?Iimaginethatit'llbedifficultandtheatmosphere,gravity,andclimatewillhavetobejustliketheearthornobodywilltravelthere.LQ:Canyouimaginehowthat'llbeachieved?WH:Yes,Ithinkso.Theatmosphere'stoohotandhasnooxygen.Sopeoplecouldn'tbreatheMars'airandlive.We'llmakeacoveredareaforpeopletoliveinwithaspecialairsupply.LQ:Isitlikelyyoucanfindandusewatertokeeptheclimatesimilartothatontheearth?WH:Perhaps.Wehopethere'swaterundertheplanet'ssurface.Peoplewillhavetocollectalltheusedwatersoitcanbecleanedandrecycledasrain.Thenitcanbeusedagaintowaterplantsandcropsandprovidecleandrinkingwater.LQ:Yes.Isupposeeveryonewillhavetoputtheirdirtywaterinspecialtanks.Evenanimalswillhavetobetrainedtogotothetoiletinspecialplaces.WH:Yes,Isupposeso.LQ:Soisitlikelythatbacteriawillcleanthewater?WH:Well,that'sapossibility.LQ:IwonderifthehousescanbemadestrongenoughagainstthegravityonMars?WH:Yes,theycan.Therobotswillprovidespecialbuildingmaterial.LQ:Stilllifesoundsquiteuncomfortable.Sowhat'stheadvantageofgoingtoliveonMars?WH:Therewillbeopportunitiesforscientificworkandtolookforgoldorothermetals.Sopeoplemaybecomerichorfamous.LQ:Howhealthywillthepeoplebe,Iwonder??AnswerkeyforExercise1:Ticksfor:livingonanotherplanet,atmosphereandgravity,howtogetwateronMars,housesinatownonMars?SuggestedanswerstoExercise2:“Wonderworld”willprovideacoveredareaforpeopletovleiinwithaspecialairsupply.“Wonderworld”willmakesurethereisenoughwaterbycollectingsomefromundertheplanet'ssurface.Afteruse,thiswaterwillbecleanedandrecycledsothatitcanbeusedasraintowaterdropsandprovidecleandrinkingwater.Everyonewillputtheirdirtywaterinspecialtanksandanimalswillhavetogotothetoiletinspecialplaces.Bacteriawillcleanthisdirtywatersoitcanbeusedagain.Peoplemaybecomerichorfamous.Ithinkthepeoplewillbequitehealthyastheyhaveasatisfactoryclimate,enoughwaterandsufficientaccommodationtolivecomfortably.SpeakingandwritingSampledialogue:S1:Whatproblemsdoyouthinkourhometownwillhaveonethousandyearsinthefuture?S2:Isitpossiblelifewillbebetterthanitisnow?S1:Yes,ofcourse.Probablyeveryonewillbemorecomfortable.They'llbeprovidedtechnologicalimprovementsandtherobots.S2:OhIsee.Isitpossiblethatpeoplewillhavesolvedtheproblemsoftoday—globalwarming,airandwaterpollution,etc?S1:Mostlikelytheywill.Forexample,dirtyair.Itwouldbeeasytosolvethat.Allyouwouldneedtodoisbuildacoveroverthecity.Alltheairinsidewouldbekeptclean.S2:Thatsoundsfinebutisitlikelythetemperaturewillbetoohotforustoliveontheearth?S1:Maybe,butI'msuresomeonewillhaveinventedclotheswithcoolingsystemsfittedintothem.Perhapseveryonewillhaveamachinewhichpusheswaterroundthebodyandkeepsyoucool.S2:Wow!Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikewhentheenergyrunsout?S1:Oh,thatwillbesolvedbyusingtheenergyfromthesun.Don'tworry.I'msurewe'denjoyavisitifwecouldevervisitthefuture!Andnowwe'vehadourfourquestions.Let'sfindanotherpairtodiscusstheirquestions.Samplewriting:Thebenefitsandproblemsoflivingonethousandyearsinthefuturethinktherewillbemorebenefitsthanproblemslivinginthefuture.Ofcoursethingswillbedifferentandtheremaybemanyproblems.Ifthereisdirtyairwewillsolvethatbyplacingacoveroverourhometown.Thatwaywecancleantheairasitentersthetown,andkeepoutallthedustanddirt.Ifitistoohotpeoplewillbeprovidedwithsuitsfittedwithcoolingsystems.Thatwaytheywillkeepcoolallthetime.Asfortheproblemoftheenergyrunningoutthatwefacetoday.Thatwillbesolvedbyusingtheenergyfromthesuntorunalltheelectricalplantsaswellascars.Luckilyitwillbeendlesscleanenergy!Sowethinkthatlifeinthefuturewillbemuchbetterthanitisnow.Unit4COMPREHENDING?AnswerkeyforExercise1:QuestionsaboutZhouYang'snotesTheskillsneeded1beabletotellifSomeoneistellingthetruthbeaccuratedoresearchaskquestionsTheimportanceoflistening1getthedetailedactspreparethenextquestionStagesinresearchingastory1askquestionsnotereactionscheckfactsdoresearchHowtocheckfactsuseresearchandaskwitnessesHowtodealwithaccusationsofprintingliesuseataperecorderfortheinterview?AnswerkeyforExercise2:Areporter'sdutiesare:1toworkinateam2togetanaccuratestorytoprotectastoryfromaccusations?AnswerkeyforExercise3:AdjectivestodescribeajournalistAdjectivestodescribeaphotographerpatient,well-organized,thorough,curious,careful,concise,profess-sionnal,politecreative,imaginative,technicallygood,gifted,professional,well-organized,patient(Thewordsunderlinedmeanthattheyareappropriateforbothareporterandphotographer.)Ajournalistneedstobethorough,curious,carefulandconcisebutaphotographerneedstobecreative,imaginative,technicallygoodandgifted.Theybothneedtobeprofessional,well-organizedandpatient.thinkIwouldmakeagoodphotographerbecauseIamcreativeandIenjoybeingtechnicallygoodatthings.LEARNINGABOUTLANGUAGEDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions?AnswerkeyforExercise1:IdiomaticExpressionsMeaningcoverastorytoreportonanimportanteventtrickofthetradecleverwaysknowntoexpertsgetthefactsstraighttopresentideasfairlygetthewrongendofthesticknottounderstandanideathisishowthestorygoesthisisthestorygetascooptogetthestoryfirst?AnswerkeyforExercise2:deliberately2guiltyconcentrateon4professionaleager6thoroughaccuse...of8acquire?AnswerkeyforExercise3:assistant,photographer,delighted,assist,editor,deadline,colleague,amateur,submitted,published,dilemma,assessed,unusual,meanwhile,scepticalDiscoveringusefulstructures?AnswerkeyforExercise1:NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.?AnswerkeyforExercise2:NeitherhenorIknewhowtousethatrecord