IModule5TheConquestU-sooftheUniverse>>>基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理JICHUZHISHISHULI構(gòu)建知識(shí)體系詞匯速記?課標(biāo)單詞標(biāo)記熟悉單訶，回受陌生單詞□leapn.□autonomousadj.□broadadj.□consultv.□jointadj.□authorityn.□sympathyn.□whilstconj.□Marsn.□swearv.□commitmentn.□arguablyadv.□Jupitern.□avengev.□oughtv.□dramaticadj.□Aldebarann.□lattern.□consistentadj.□invasionn.□proben.□graspn.□failhn.□alienn.□Saturnn.□gloryn.□rationaladj.□impactn.□shuttlen.□divisionn.□dignityn.□inescapableadj.□planetn.□airspacen.□prayv.□vanguardn.□ultravioletadj.□motherlandn.Uholyadj.□underwayadj.□randomadj.□abstractadj.□acuteadj.□hysterian.□backwardsadv.□foreseev.□stableadj.□newsflashn.□knightn.□destinyn.□supremeadj.□mountingadj.□tensionn.□aidn.□scholarn.高考熱點(diǎn)?熟詞生義你知遑了面紅H黑體詞的漢語立思嗎J（2020.浙江卷）By9:33a.m.?aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.一陣（2020?江蘇卷）AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthecommitmentWilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.奉獻(xiàn)（2018?全國卷I）Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyoulllovetolivein.理解力I.用所給詞的正確形式填空。Devoted(devote)tohisteachingworkallthetime,theteacherreallyrequiredagoodrest.Theteacherwillputforwardavarietyofquestions,depending(depend)onyourdifferentanswers.Itriedtocomforthimafterhewasdcfcatcd(dcfcat)byhisopponent.Thenewgovernmentmustsetouttofind(find)solutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems.Witheconomydevelopmentatgreatspeed,ourcityhaswitnessed(witness)quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.n.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。Thoughhehadtriedtoovercomehisshyness,hedidn'tmakeit.Ifyoudon'tknowwhichuniversitytogoto,consulttheteacherfoiadvice.Tomygreatrelief,grandmothersillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.Ifyouareinterestedinsomething,devoteyourselftoitandfinallyyouwillmakeit.Iwanttostartmakingchangesinmylife,butI'mnotsurehowtogetthingssetinmotion.強(qiáng)技提能——語言應(yīng)用I.語法填空Inspiteofallour1.advanced(advance)technology,theworldisstillattheverybeginningofitsvoyageintospace.In2.the1950s,Chinasetout3.tocxplorc(explore)space.In2008,millionsofpeopleturnedontheTVand4.witnessed(witness)Chinesefirstspacewalk.Itwasreallyahistoricevent,whichhadagreatimpact5.onspaceexploration.Atthesametime,Chinasetoutitslunarexplorationprogram.Manyprogramsareunderway.Inthelastdecade,Chinahasmadeascriesof6.achicvcmcnts(achicvcmcnt).Chang'c-2hassentbackseveralpicturesofthemoon'ssurface.Thesurfaceofthemoonisnotsimilarto7.thatoftheearth,whichisconsistentwithscientists'previousexpectation.8.Based(base)onhumanbeings*dream,aseriesoffictionnovelsandfilmsappeared.Manyofthemarebasedonthe9.assurnption(assume)thatthealiensfromotherplanetswillinvadeourearth.Thealiens'invasioncanmaketheearth10.destroyed(destroy).Allofthemareveryscaryanddramatic.II.書面表達(dá)Step1.要點(diǎn)提示(黑體字部分要使用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)①過去的十年見證了在太空科技中取得的一系列歷史性的成功。Thepastdecadewitnessedaseriesofhistoricachievementsinspacetechnology.②雖然我們對(duì)火星所知甚少，但是人類已開始探測(cè)火星。ThoughweknowlittleaboutMars,manhassetouttoexploreMars.③已有30多個(gè)探測(cè)器成功地到達(dá)了火星。Morethan30probeshavemadeittoMars.④盡管如此，人們認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該知道更多關(guān)于火星的知識(shí)。Inspiteofthat,peopleacknowledgethatweoughttoknowmoreaboutMars.⑤雖然火星表面與地球的表面相似，但是火星上是否有生命取決于進(jìn)一步的研窕。Thoughitssurfaceissimilartothatoftheearth,whetherthereislifeontheMarsdependsonfurtherresearch.Step2.表達(dá)升級(jí)(改變所給句子的結(jié)構(gòu)以使表達(dá)升級(jí))(1)用倒裝句改寫句②LittleasweknowaboutMars,manhassetouttoexplorxit.(2)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)改寫句④In_spite_ofLthat,itisacknowledged_that_we_oughtto_knowmoreaboulMars.Step3.銜接成文(利用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞語連句成篇)Thepantdecadewitnessedaseriesofhistoricachievementsinspacetechnology.Furthermore,littleasweknowaboutMa】s,manhassetouttoexploreit.Sofar,morethan30probeshavemadeitloMars.InspileofIhal,itisacknowledgedthatwcoughlloknowmoreaboutMars.ThoughilssurfaceissimilarloihalofIheearth,whether〔hereislifeontheMarsdependsonfurtherresearch.

（2018?江蘇卷）Tomakemattersworse,Mothwasdiagnosed（診斷）withaseriousdisease.Therewasnocure,onlypainrelief.緩解；減輕（2017?江蘇卷）However,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwaspartofhisschool'sstandardcurriculum,hewasplayingidly（隨意地）onthepianoandfounditeasytopickouttunes.曲調(diào)［單詞拼寫?運(yùn)用］核心單詞語境運(yùn)用historic〃力.歷史性的,有重大歷史意義的她虺0.收看（電視）;收聽（廣播）witnessv.目擊，親眼看見；親身經(jīng)歷burstv.爆炸viewv.看，觀察decaden.十年acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為deedn.行為defeatn.失敗accusev.指責(zé)sorrown.悲傷；悲痛deliberatelya面.蓄意地,故意地用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（2020?新高考全國卷I）However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessing（witness）theirmotherearnherdegree.（2020?全國卷I[）Thoseviewing（view）thequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.（2019?浙江卷）We'vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecades（decade）agowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.（2018?天津卷）1knewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated（defeai）.Therearemanygooddeeds（deed）inourclass,indeedinthewholeschool.派生單詞語境運(yùn)用accustomv.使習(xí)慣于accustomedadj.習(xí)慣的assumev.假定，假設(shè)fassumingconj.假定，如果fassumptionn.假用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Althoughthepatienlwasoutofpatience,thenursewasstillpatientwithherworkanddiditpatiently.（patient）

I短語理解?運(yùn)用］定，假設(shè)patient〃的?.耐心的〃.病人fpatiencen.耐心一patientlyadv.耐心地advancev.&〃.前進(jìn)；進(jìn)展fadvancedl力.高級(jí)的,先進(jìn)的depends依靠；取決于fdependentadj；依賴的dependencen.依賴，依靠findependencen.獨(dú)立reliefn.安慰；寬慰frelievev.安慰；寬慰devotev.致力于fdevotedadj.忠、誠的一devolionn.忠誠observev.觀察fobservation觀察；監(jiān)視Atfirst,AnnetotallydependedonJack,herhusband.Aftermanyyearsofstruggle,shegainedherindeDendenceandnowsheisdcDcndcntonherselftoleadanewlife.(depend)Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)Withthehelpoftheadvancedtechnology,wccancompletethetaskinadvance.(advance)Mr.Blackismydevotedfriend.Hedevoteshislifetodoingscientificresearch.Irespecthisdevotiontoscicnce.(devote)

高頻短語語境運(yùn)用inspiteof不管；盡管atIhaverybeginningof在一開始beaccustomedlo習(xí)慣于accuse_sb.ojdoing_slh.指責(zé)某人某事pray_for祈望；祈求makc/have_animpaclon對(duì)有影響選用左欄短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。Tomusedtobeabadboy.He①was_accustomcd_todoingsomethingsthatheshouldn'thavedone.②Inspiteofthefactthathe③wasaccusedoflookingdownuponthedisabledpersoninpublic,heturnedadeafeartoit,which④madeabad?impact_ontheotherstudentsinhisclass.Afterhisheadteacher'spatientteaching,hebecameagoodboyfinally.7.setout開始做；著手進(jìn)行選用左欄短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。8.be_similarto與相似Tsunamis(海嘯)are@a_seriesofhuge9.aseriesof一系列的；一連串的wavescreatedbyanunderground1().break_out爆發(fā)movementsuchasearthquakeora11.(be)_aware_of意識(shí)到，明白volcaniceruption.Atsunamicantravelresultin導(dǎo)致，引起makeit成功，及時(shí)到達(dá)hundredsofmilesperhourintheopenoceanandhitthelandwithhugewaves.Amovementoftheoceanfloor,causedbyearthquakes,mostoften?resultsintsunamis.Ifatsunamioccursclosetoacoast,thefirstwavecouldreachthebeachinafewminutes,evenbeforeyou⑧areawareofit.［句式辨識(shí)?運(yùn)用］教材原句背誦句式仿寫應(yīng)用1.seemtohavedonesth,似乎做了某事BythetimetheChallengertookoffin1986,theworldseemedtohavelostitsfearandwonderattheamazingachievementofpeoplegoingupintospace.這個(gè)名字好耳熟，好像我聽老師提到過。Thenamesoundssofamiliar.Issemtohavehearditmentionedbymyteacher.2.no+比較級(jí)+than..?表zf和樣不……”Theworldwasinshock—maybetheyassumedthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthangettingonanaeroplane.兩個(gè)故事我都不喜歡，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)故事和那個(gè)故事一樣無趣。Ilikeneitherofthetwostories,forthisstoryisnn_more_inleresting_lhaathatone.3.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Incredibleasitmayseem,boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofoureyesleadtotheinescapableassumptionthat...雖然這部手機(jī)很便宜，但因?yàn)檫^時(shí)了，很多人不愿意買它。Cheapasthismobilephoneis,manypeoplerefusetobuyitbecauseit'soutofdate.>>>重唯考點(diǎn)探究ZHONGNANKAOOIANTANJIU突破思維瓶頸accustomed。刃.習(xí)慣的；通常的，慣常的(l)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(狀態(tài))gct/bccomcaccustomedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(動(dòng)作)(2)accustom”使習(xí)慣于accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使自己習(xí)慣于(做)某事’??詞塊積累takehisaccustomedseatbythefire坐在火爐旁他常坐的座位上apersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours'sleepanight一個(gè)習(xí)慣每晚睡8小時(shí)的人accustommyselftoallthenewrulesandregulations使自己適應(yīng)所有新的規(guī)章制度I基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］—單句語法填空①However,insteadofdevotingthemselvestotheirwork,theyfindthemselvesworkingtosupportthelifestyletowhichtheyhavesoquicklybecomeaccustomed(accustom).?Havinglotsofinterestingthingstodo,Ifinallygotaccustomedtoenjoying(enjoy)myschoollife.③Tobreatheinmorefreshair,youmustaccustomyourselftogettingupearly.［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯我習(xí)慣于生活在鄉(xiāng)村，總是覺得生活在城市很困難。①Accustomedtolivingin_ihecounlry」alwaysfindithardtoliveinthecity.(過去分詞短語作狀語)②AccustomingmysclfLto」ivinginthecountry,Ialwaysfindithardtoliveinthecity.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)assumep.假設(shè)，假定，認(rèn)為；承擔(dān)；假裝［離考原句2()19?江蘇卷］Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.［一詞多義］寫出下列句中assume的含義①(2019?江蘇卷)Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.假定②Hepromisestoassumetheresponsibilityifthetaskcan'tbecompletedontime.承擔(dān)③Thelookofinnocencesheassumedhadusallfooled.假裝(I)assumethat...假定，認(rèn)為itisassumed(that)...普遍認(rèn)為assume...tobe…認(rèn)為是；假定是assumeduty/responsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任⑵assumingthat假定(作狀語)⑶assumption假定，假設(shè)「??詞塊積累—assumehimtobeinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty在他被證明有罪之前，假定他是無辜的assumetheresponsibilityforit為此承擔(dān)責(zé)任assumingthatyouareright假定你是對(duì)的［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空①(2()18?江蘇卷)Trytounderstandwhat'sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheassumption(assume)you'vemade.@Assuming(assume)thatheisn'tthatlucky,whatshallwedotocomforthim?③Hewaslivingunderanassumed(assume)name.［鏈接寫作］一詞匯升級(jí)普通表達(dá)：Iftherewasn'tthehardworkofthedustmen,whatcanyouimagineourenvironmentwouldbe?高級(jí)表達(dá)：Assuming—(that)therewasn'tthehardworkofthedustmen,whatcanyouimagineourenvironmentwouldbe?acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為；感謝；告知收到［一詞多義］寫出下列句中acknowledge的含義①(2019?全國卷［［)Heryearsofhardworkhavefinallybeenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可②I'mgoingtoinviteyoutodinnerwithmetoacknowledgeyourfavor.感謝③Thearmysentmeapostcardacknowledgingmyrequest.告知收至，?Almostallthepeoplepresentacknowledgedthathewasinnocent.認(rèn)為acknowledge+that從句承認(rèn)做了某事acknowledge...as.../tobe...認(rèn)為是(常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat...大家公認(rèn)廠??詞塊積累-agenerallyacknowledgedfact公認(rèn)的事實(shí)beacknowledgedtobeamasterofPekingOpera被認(rèn)為是京劇大師beacknowledgedasamust-seetouristattractioninChina被認(rèn)為是中國必看的一個(gè)景點(diǎn)［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］—單句語法填空?Withnosolidevidence,herefusedtoacknowledgethathehadstolenfsteal)thelady'spurse.②MarkTwainisacknowledgedtobe(be)oneofthebestwritersinAmerica.［鏈接寫作］一完成句子大家一致認(rèn)為除非我們創(chuàng)造一個(gè)污染更少的世界，否則我們不可能看到更藍(lán)的天空。Iliswidelyacknowledgedthalwecanneverexpectabluerskyunlesswecreatealesspollutedworld.accusesb.ofsth.指責(zé)/控告某人(1)accusesb.of(doing)sth.=chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告/指責(zé)某人做某事accusesb.forsth.為某事指責(zé)某人accusesb.as指責(zé)某人為(2)theaccused被告廠詞塊積累-beaccusedofcausingtheaccident被指控造成了這次事故beaccusedofpurposelymakingtrouble被指責(zé)故意找事getaccusedfortheseriousconsequences由于嚴(yán)重的后果受到指控［基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)］——單句語法填空①Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccusedofcheatingcustomers.=Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewaschargedwithcheatingcustomers.②Manoftenaccusesnatureforhisownmisfortune.③Theaccused(accuse)wasdeclaredtobeinnocentbythecourtforlackofproof.［鏈接寫作］一句式升級(jí)普通表達(dá)：Thewomanwasaccusedofstealing1.2milliondollarsandshewastryingtofindherselfalawyer.①離級(jí)表達(dá)：Thewomanaccused-otLstcaling1.2miniondollacswastryingtofindherselfalawyer.(過去分詞短語作定語)②宮級(jí)表達(dá)：Thewomanwhowasaccusedofstealing1.2」hiniondoHarswastryingtofindherselfalawyer.(定語從句)(敬材P69)Incredibleasitmayseem.boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofoureyesleadtotheinescapableassumptionthat...盡管看起來不可思議，但科學(xué)觀測(cè)以及我們?nèi)庋劭吹降淖C據(jù)都必然會(huì)讓我們做出一個(gè)設(shè)想……「句型公式］本句為主從復(fù)合句，Incredibleasilmayseem是由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，其中Incredibleasitmayseem=Although/Thoughitmayseemincredible。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，從句須倒裝，其中as與though可互換。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：(1)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(無冠詞)/形容詞+as/though+主語+be+其他成分(2)動(dòng)詞原形+as/though+主語+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+其他成分(3)副詞+as/though+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+其他成分I金句推送］Hot