Lesson1FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamilleI．SomescientificknowledgeaboutHurricaneHurricaneisatropicalstorminwhichwindsattainspeedsgreaterthan75miles(121kilometers)perhour.ThetermisoftenrestrictedtothosestormsoccurringovertheNorthAtlanticOcean.IncipienthurricanesusuallyformoverthetropicalNAtlanticOceanandmatureastheydriftwestward.HurricanesalsooccasionallyformoffthewestcoastofMexicoandmovenortheastwardfromthatarea.Anaverageof3.5tropicalstormsperyeareventuallymatureintohurricanesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica,usuallyovertheCaribbeanSeaorGulfofMexico.SimilarstormsoccurringovertheWestPacificOceanandChinaSeasarecalledtyphoonsandthoseovertheIndianOceanarecalledtropicalcyclones.Hurricanesaregivengirls'namesandtyphoonsaregivenserialnumbers.TheNationalWeatherServiceoftheUnitedStateshasusedgirls'namestoidentifyhurricanesintheAtlantic,Caribbean,andGulfofMexicosince1953andthenamesweregiveninalphabeticalorder.Asemi-permanentlistof10setsofnamesinalphabeticalorderwasestablishedin1971.Thispracticeofgivinggirls'namestohurricaneschangedrecently.In1980ahurricanewasgivenaman'snameandwascalledHurricaneDavid.HurricaneseasonbeginsJune1andendsNov.30.HurricaneCamille:ThestormlashedMississippiandLouisianafortwodays,Aug.17---18,in1969.Thedeathtollwas258.II.TextAnalysis1.Wordsandexpressionspummel:tobeatorhitwithrepeatedblows.TheKoshakswillhavetoputupwithmanyonslaughtsofthefiercestorm.Gulfport:seaportinS.Miss.,ontheGulfofMexicoMiss:abbreviationforMississippibatten:tofastencanvasoverthehatchesofaship,especiallyinpreparingforastormrideitout:tostayafloatduringastormwithouttoomuchdamagemain:aprincipalpipe,conduit,orlineinadistributingsystemforwater,gas,electricity,etc.Scuddedin:driveninlandbythewindsitoutthestorm:tostayuntiltheendofthestormkill:tocause(anengine,etc.)tostop(AmericanEnglish)moreorless:rather;tosomeextente.g.Wehopeourexplanationswillprovemoreorlesshelpful.totakeresponsibilityfor:toconsideroneselfanswerableforThepatternforthephraseis:totaketheresponsibilityfor(ofdoing)something.lap:tomoveorstrikegentlywithalight,splashingsoundcrushing:overwhelmingmess:astateoftroubleordifficultyHereitreferstothehurricane.inonemightyswipe:inabig,hard,sweepingblowskim:tothrowsoastocausetobounceswiftlyandlightlylap:tomoveorstrikegentlywithalight,splashingsoundcrushing:overwhelmingmess:astateoftroubleordifficultyHereitreferstothehurricane.inonemightyswipe:inabig,hard,sweepingblowskim:tothrowsoastocausetobounceswiftlyandlightlym.p.h.:milesperhourm.p.g.:milespergallonr.p.m.:revolutionsperminuteg.p.m.:gallonsperminutef.p.s.:feetpersecondahurricaneparty:apartyheldespeciallyforwatchingthehurricanespectacular:transferredepithet,modifyingthe"storm"andnot"vantagepoint",meaningimpressivetoseeandstrikinglyunusualvantagepoint:apositionthatallowsaclearandbroadviewalean-to:noun;ashedorothersmalloutbuildingwithaslopingroof,theupperendofwhichrestsagainstthewallofanotherbuilding.Themattresswassetupslanting,thebottomrestingperhapsonthedoor--sillandthetoppartslantinginwardssothattheadultscouldpropitupwiththeirheadsandshoulders,whilethekidscouldsitunderit.festoon:awreathorgarlandofflowers,leaves,paper,etc.hanginginalooporcurverakeditsway:metaphor.Theword"rake"isusedfigurativelyheremeaningtoattackanddevastateasitmovedalong2.ParaphraseTheplacehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehaseverbotheredit.(para3)Thehousehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehasevercausedanydamagetoit.Wecanbattendownandrideitout.(para4)ametaphor,comparingthehouseinahurricanetoashipfightingastormatsea.Wecanmakethenecessarypreparationsandsurvivethehurricanewithoutmuchdamage.Tileelectricalsystemshadbeenkilledbywater.(para11)Theelectricalsystemsinthecar(forexamplethebatteryforthestarter)hadbeenputoutbywater(justasthegeneratorinthehousewasdoused).Johnwatchedthewaterlapatthesteps,andfeltacrushingguilt.(para17)AsJohnwatchedthewaterinchitswayupthesteps9hefeltastrongsenseofguiltbecauseheblamedhimselfforendangeringthewholefamilybydecidingnottofleeinland.Getusthroughthismess,willYou?(para17)Thecapital"Y"inYoushowsthatthewordswereaddressedtoGod."willyou"isaroughformofrequest.Hereitindicatesarequestmadeoutofdesperation.OhGod,pleasehelpustogetthroughthisstormsafely.Shecarriedonaloneforafewbars;thenhervoicetrailedaway.(para21)GrandmotherKoshaksangafewwordsaloneandthenhervoicegraduallygrewdimmerandstopped.Janishadjustonedelayedreaction.(para34)Janisdisplayedratherlatetheexhaustionbroughtaboutbythenervoustensioncausedbythehurricane.(Afewnightsafterthestorm,sheawokesuddenlyat2a.m.,wentoutsideandbegantocrysoftly.)3.TranslationEnglish—Chinesetranslation:SecondsaftertheroofblewofftheKoshakhouse,Johnyelled,“Upthestairs–intoourbedroom!Countthekids.”Thechildrenhuddledintheslashingrainwithinthecircleofadults.GrandmotherKoshakimplored,“Children,let’ssing!”Thechildrenweretoofrightenedtorespond.Shecarriedonaloneforafewbars;thenhervoicetrailedaway.譯文：科謝克家的屋頂一被掀走，約翰就大喊道：“上樓——進(jìn)我們的臥室！數(shù)一教孩子是不是都在?！痹趦A盆大雨中，孩子們擠在一起，大人把他們團(tuán)團(tuán)圍住。祖母科謝克用一種懇求的語(yǔ)氣說(shuō)道：“孩子們，讓我們一起唱支歌吧！”孩子們都嚇壞了，根本沒(méi)有反響。老祖母獨(dú)自唱了幾句，聲音越來(lái)越小，慢慢就沒(méi)了。4.FigureofspeechMetaphorSimileSynecdochePersonification5.ConclusionremarksFacetoFacewithHurricaneCamilledescribestheheroicstruggleoftheKoshaksandtheirfriendsagainsttheforcesofadevastatinghurricane.Thestoryfocusesmainlyonactionbutthewriteralsoclearlyandsympatheticallydelineatesthecharactersinthestory.TheheroortheprotagonistinthestoryisJohnKoshak,Jr.,andtheantagonististhehurricane.6.Whatdoesthewriterfocuson?Camille:Hit…Overwhelming..Shotout…Raisedtides…Devastated…Demolished…Seized…dumped…Tore…beached…Snappedpoles…Smashedapart……rain:FellsteadilyWhipped..Drivenrightthroug