八年級英語上冊知識點Topic1What’syourfavoritesport?重點詞語:1.almost(反義詞)never(過去式)won(名詞)winner(現(xiàn)在分詞)skiing(比較級)morefamous(同義詞)reach(過去式))left(最高級)mostpopular(同義詞)fit(名詞)health(1)詞組1.duringthesummerholidays在暑假期間2.between…and…在兩者之間3.cheersb.on為某人加油4.preferdoingsth.更喜歡做某事5.quiteabit/alot很多6.plantodosth.計劃做某事7.haveaskatingclub舉辦滑雪俱樂部8.goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hikin去滑雪/滑冰/騎車/爬山/遠(yuǎn)足9.arrivein到達(dá)10.playagainst…與……對抗/較量11.forlong很久12.leavefor…動身去…13.thedayaftertomorrow后天14.placesofinterest名15.勝16.playbaseball打棒球17.atleast至少18.begoodat善于做某事19.takepartin參加20.allovertheworld全世界21.begoodfor對……有益22.agoodway一種好方法23.keepfit/healthy保持健康24.relaxoneself放松某人自己重點句型25.What’syourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜愛的運動是什么?26.Whichsportdoyouprefer?=Whichsportdoyoulikebetter?你更喜歡什么運動?Ipreferskating.=Ilikeskatingbetter.我更喜歡滑雪.27.Doyouskatemuch?=Doyouoftenskate?你?；﹩?28.Shespendsatleasthalfanhourinthegymeveryday.每天她至少花半小時在體育館.29.Sheplaysbaseballprettywellandsheisalsogoodatjumping.她棒球打得相當(dāng)好而且擅長于跳.30.Whatkindofsportsdoyoulike?=Whichsportdoyoulike?你喜歡哪種運動?重點語言點31.seesb.dosth“看見某人做了某事”強調(diào)動作的全過程,常與everyday;often等連用.seesb.doingsth.“看見某人正在做某事”強調(diào)動作正在進行.如:Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays.Ioftenseehimdrawpicturesneartheriver.我?？匆娝诤舆叜嫯?Isawhergoacrossthestreet.我看見她過了馬路Isawhergoingacrossthestreet.我看見她正在過馬路.32.joinsb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+組織表示“加入某個組織”takepartin表示“參加/出席某個活動”如:Willyoujoinus?Iwilljointheskiingclub.Sheisplanningtotakepartinthehighjump.33.arrivein+大地點arriveat+小地點getto+地點=reach+地點如:MyunclearrivedinBeijingyesterday.IarrivedattheGreatWall.=IgottotheGreatWall.=IreachedtheGreatWall.注意:reachhere/there/home=gethere/there/home=arrivehere/there/home34.leave…離開……leavefor…動身去…/離開到…如:TheyareleavingBeijingtomorrow.明天他們要離開北京.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.后天他們要前往日本.35.afew“幾個;一些”修飾可數(shù)名36.詞alittle“一點點”修飾不數(shù)名詞如:Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.37.howlong表示“多久(時間)”;提問時間段.howoften表示“多常;多久一次”;提問時間的頻率.如:TheywillstayinBeijingforaweek.→HowlongwilltheystayinBeijing?Heplaysbasketballtwiceaweek.→Howoftendoesheplaybasketball?goodat(doing)sth.=dowellin(doing)sth.擅長于(做)某事如:Sheisgoodat(playing)baseball.=Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball.sth/sb+adj.使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)keep…sth/sb+adj.保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)如:Playingsoccercanmakeyourbodystrong.Swimmingcanhelptokeepyourheartandlungshealthy.重點語法一般將來時：（一）begoingto結(jié)構(gòu):①表示主語進行某一將來行動的打算、意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思，因此通常認(rèn)為用begoingto表達(dá)的行動很可能會見諸實踐。如：I’mgoingtoplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesthisSunday.我打算本周日和同學(xué)們一起打籃球。Sheisgoingtobuyasweaterforhermother.她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。②表預(yù)測。指根據(jù)跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。如：Lookatthoseclouds.It’sgoingtorain.瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了?。ǘ﹚ill+動詞原形：表示單純的將來事實，常與表將來的時間狀語如:tomorrow,soon,later,nexttime(week/month/year…)等連用。willnot=won’t;縮略形式為’ll.表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經(jīng)過事先的考慮或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。如：a.----Pleaseputyourthingsaway,Tom.湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。----I’msorry.I’lldoitrightaway.對不起。我馬上就去做。b.----Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?您要咖啡還是茶？----Iwillhaveacupoftea,please.我要一杯茶。c.Don’tworry.I’llhelpyou.別擔(dān)心。我會幫你的。表示預(yù)測。指說話人對于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測。如：I’msureourteamwillwinnexttime.我確信下次我們隊會贏。Maybeshewillgotothegym.也許她會去體育館。表示許諾。如：I’lldobetternexttime.下次我會做得更好的。I’llvisityoutomorrow.明天我會去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/Theywillgotoplaybaseballsoon.否定句：I/She/He/Theywon’tgotoplaybaseballsoon.一般疑問句：Willyou/she/he/theygotoplaybaseballsoon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/theywill.No,I/she/he/theywon’t.（三）動詞plan,come,go,leave,fly等用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的事.如：I’mcoming.我就來。HeisleavingforShanghai.他將到上海去。WearegoingtoBeijing.我們將去北京。Topic2WouldyoumindsayingsorrytoMichael?一、重點詞語:詞形轉(zhuǎn)換：(1)adj.+ly→adv.loud→loudlysoft→softlyquiet→quietlyclear→clearlyangry→angrilyeasy→easily(2)過去式：fall→fellbreak→brokelose→lostthrow→threwfeel→felt(3)(同義詞)sick(名詞)illness(同義詞)begin(反義詞)near(現(xiàn)在分詞)smoking(反義詞)careful(比較級)moreimportant(公民)Russian(現(xiàn)在分詞)enjoying(名詞)invention;inventor(反義詞)outdoor(復(fù)數(shù))centuries(復(fù)數(shù))coaches(名詞)feeling(近義詞)tired(二)詞組:haveasoccergame進行一場足球賽fallill病倒了bealittlefarfrom…離……有點遠(yuǎn)rightaway=atonce立刻;馬上missagoodchance錯過一個好機會get/missagoal得到/失去一分shameonsb.為某人感到羞恥doone’sbest盡某人的力saysorrytosb.對某人說抱歉besuretodosth.確定做某事beangrywith…生某人的氣withone’shelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的幫助下servefood上菜turnup/down…調(diào)高/低（音量）keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事inaminute一分鐘后；馬上onthephone在電話中takeaseat就坐nevermind不要緊alotoftraveling一系列旅行l(wèi)ove/enjoydoingsth.喜愛/歡做某事haveaveryexcitinglife過著非常興奮的生活aswell也throw…into…把……投進……follow/obeytherules遵守規(guī)則overacenturylater一個多世紀(jì)后moreandmorepeople越來越多的人feeltired感到疲勞insteadof…替代……asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事makeaplanforsb.為某人訂一份計劃buildup增進;增強goright正常運轉(zhuǎn)dothehomework做作業(yè)二.重點句型Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?你能幫我嗎？Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?你教我好嗎？Youarealwayssocareless.你總是這樣粗心大意.Letmebuyyouanewone.=Letmebuyanewoneforyou.讓我為你買一個新的。Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.他為他的學(xué)生們發(fā)明了一項室內(nèi)運動以便他們甚至在惡劣的天氣也能玩。Andyoucanthrowitwithonehandorbothhands.你能用一只手或兩只手投擲它。三.重點語言點1.ill與sick都表示“生病的”,只能作表語而既可作表語也可作定語.如:Themanisill/sick.那個男人病了.(作表語)Heisasickman.他是個病人.(作定語)2.Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth?表示“(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”如:Wouldyoumindcomingandcheckingit?來修理它好嗎?Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎?3.oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“其中之一……”,主語是one,表單數(shù).如:Oneofmyteammatesisstrongandtall.其中我的一個隊友又高又壯。4.miss“錯過,思念,遺失”如:Imissedthelastbusyesterday.昨天我錯過最后一班車.Hemissedhismother.他想念他的母親.MyGod!Imissed(=lost)mykey.天啊!我把鑰匙弄丟了.5.besuretodosth.=besurethat+句子“確定做某事”如:Wearesuretowinnexttime.=Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.我們確信下次一定會贏。6.besorryfor…“為某事抱歉”besorrytodosth.=besorry(that)+句子“很抱歉做了某事”如:IamverysorryforwhatIsaid.我為我所說的話感到抱歉.I’msorryIlostyourbook.=I’msorrytoloseyourbook.很抱歉弄丟你的書。7．tiredadj.“（感到）疲憊的”,主語是人如:Ifeeltiredtoday.今天我感到累了.tiringadj.“令人疲勞的”,主語是事物如:Thisjobistiring.這份工作令人疲憊.類似的有:excited感到興奮的exciting令人興奮的interested感到有趣的interesting有趣的“15歲的”15yearsold“15歲”如:Heisa15-year-oldboy.=Theboyis15yearsold.類似用法:/miles9.instead“替代;相反”,一般單獨使用,放在句末,前面用逗號隔開.insteadof…“替代……;而不……,相反”如:Iwon’tgotoShanghai.I’llgotoBeijing,instead.我不會去上海而會去北京.=I’llgotoBeijinginsteadofShanghai.Idrankalotofmilkinsteadofwater.我喝了許多牛奶而不是水.10.havefundoingsth.=enjoydoingsth.表示“從做…….中獲得樂趣”如:Ihavegreatfunrunning.=Ienjoyrunning.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。四、交際用語(一)請求和回答RequestsResponsesCouldyoupleasedomeafavor?Sure.Whatisit?Willyoujoinus?I’dbegladto.Wouldyoumindteachingme?Notatall.Let’sgoandpractice.（二）道歉和回答ApologiesResponsesI’msorryIdidn’tcallyoulastnight.Nevermind.Iguessyouwerebusylastnight.I’msorryI’mlateforclass.That’sOK.Pleasetakeaseat.I’msorryIlostyourbook.Itdoesn’tmatter.Thatbookisn’timportanttome.I’msorryIbrokeyourpen.Don’tworry.Ihaveanotherpen.Topic3Beijingwillhostthe2022Olympics.一、重點詞組:jointheEnglishclub加入英語俱樂部hostthe2022Olympics舉辦2022年奧運會fillout填出/好goon發(fā)生；進行alltheinterestingplaces所有有趣的地方quitealot相當(dāng)多makefriendswith…與……交朋友beafraid恐怕befree有空seeyouthen再見winthefirstgoldmedal贏得第一枚金牌get28goldmedals獲得28枚金牌thewinnerofthefirstgoldmedal第一枚金牌的獲勝者everyfouryears每四年;每隔三年themascotfortheBeijingOlympics北京奧運會的吉祥物behavewell舉止得體improvetheenvironment改善環(huán)境planttreesandgrass種植花草樹木asymbolof…一種……的象征standfor代表thefivepartsoftheworld世界的五大部分domorningexercises做早操befondof(doing)sth.喜歡(做)某事二、重點句型youtellmeyourname?你能告訴我你的名字嗎?=What’syourname?doyoudo?=What’syourjob?=Whatareyou?你是干什么的?3.Moreandmoreforeignfriendsrideinmytaxi(=takemytaxi)now.現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國朋友搭我的出租車.Englishwillhelpmealot.說英語將對我有很大幫助.fillitout.請把它填好.willtheweatherbelikethisweekend?=Howwilltheweatherbethisweekend?本周末的天氣怎樣?7..TherewillbemoreroadsinBeijing.在北京將會有更多的馬路.三.重點語言點fillout+名詞“填好……”fill+名詞/代詞+out如:Pleasefilloutthisform.=Pleasefillthisformout.請?zhí)詈眠@張表格.Pleasefillit/themout.(當(dāng)賓語是代詞時,只能放中間)請把它(們)填好.beafraid…“恐怕”指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人.beafraidof…“害怕(做)……”如:I’mafraidIwon’tbefree.我恐怕沒有空.Heisafraidofdogs.他害怕狗.Theyareafraidoflosingthegame.他們害怕輸了比賽.maybe“可能是……”may是情態(tài)動詞+bemaybe“或許;可能”maybe是副詞如:Hemaybeateacher.=Maybeheisateacher.他可能是一名老師.Hemayknowhername.=Maybeheknowshername.他可能知道她的名字.between在兩者之間among在三者或三者當(dāng)中如:TheanswerisbetweenAandB.答案在A和B之間.Thewinnerisamongofus.獲勝者在我們當(dāng)中.Therebe句型的一般將來時正:Therewillbeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.誤:Therewillhaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend四、交際用語提建議的句型:Wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?你想和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?What/Howaboutgoinghikingwithus?和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足怎么樣?Whydon’tyougohikingwithus?你為什么不和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足呢?Whynotgohikingwithus?為什么不和我們?yōu)槭裁床缓臀覀円黄鹑ミh(yuǎn)足呢?呢?Let’sgohiking.讓我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足吧!Wouldyoumindgoinghikingwithus?你介意和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?Wouldyoupleasegohikingwithus?和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?Shallwegohiking?我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?(shall在疑問句中與I和we連用,表示提出或征求意見.意思為“……好嗎?/要不要……?)badluck倒霉liedown躺下hotteawithhoney加蜜的熱茶brushone’steeth刷牙haveanaccident出了事故/意外sendsb.to….送某人去……take/havealookat…看一看……not…until…直到……才…..getwell恢復(fù)健康plentyof…充足;大量takeoffyourcoat脫掉你的大衣二、重點句型Youshouldseeadentist.你應(yīng)該看牙醫(yī)。Youshouldn’tliftheavythings.你不應(yīng)該提重物。Youlookpale.你看起來氣色不好,很蒼白.You’dbettergotoseeadoctor.你最好去看醫(yī)生.You’dbetternotgotoschooltoday.今天你最好不要去上學(xué).Thankyouforyourflowersandfruit.謝謝你送來的鮮花和水果.Icouldn’treadthemuntiltoday.直到今天我才讀了他們.三.重點語言點身體某個部位+ache，表身體某處疼痛。如:headache頭痛backache背痛stomachache胃痛toothache牙痛medicine“藥”為不可數(shù)名詞pill“藥片”為可數(shù)名詞如:takesomemedicine吃些藥takesomecoldpills吃些感冒藥with“含有…”without“沒有”hotteawithhoney加蜜的茶coffeewithsugarandmilk加糖和牛奶mooncakewitheggs含雞蛋的月餅Chineseteawithnothing=Chineseteawithoutanything中國清茶Gotoschoolwithout(eating)breakfast.沒吃早飯去上學(xué)。until“直到……為止”句中動詞一般為延續(xù)性動詞not…until….“直到……才…”句中動詞一般為短暫性動詞如:Hewillwaitforhisfatheruntilteno’clock.他將等他父親一直到10點為止.Hewon’tleaveuntilhisfathercomes.直到他父親來他才離開.both…and….“……和……(兩者)都”;當(dāng)主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù).如:IknowbothJimandTom.吉姆和湯姆倆人我都認(rèn)識.BothJimandIare16yearsold.我和吉姆都是16歲.plentyof…“充足;大量”既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,只用于肯定句,相當(dāng)于alotof…/lotsof…many“許多”,修飾可數(shù)名詞much“許多”,修飾不可數(shù)名詞如:Youshoulddrinkplentyof/alotofboiledwater.你應(yīng)該喝大量的開水.Youshouldn’tdrinksomuchwater.你不應(yīng)該喝這么多水.Ihavemany/lotsof/alotof/plentyofbooks.我有許多水.四、交際用語(一)詢問病情What’swrong/thematter/thetroublewithyou?有什么不舒服?Howareyoufeelingnow?你現(xiàn)在感覺怎么樣?Doyouhaveacold?你得了感冒了嗎?(二)訴說病情1.Ifeelterrible./Iamfeelingterrible.我感到難受.2.Ihaveaheadache/stomachache/….我頭痛/肚子痛…..3.Ican’tsleepwellatnight.我晚上睡不4.好覺.5.Icoughdayandnight.我日日夜夜地咳嗽.6.ButmyleftleghurtswhenImoveit.但是當(dāng)我移動時,我的左腿疼.(3)表示同(4)情1.I’msorrytohearthat.聽到這事我感到難過.2.That’stoobad.那太糟了.3.Badluck.倒霉.(5)表達(dá)建議1.You’dbetter(not)dosth最好(不2.)做某事.3.Youshould/shouldn’tdosth你(不4.)應(yīng)該做某事.5.ShallItakeyoutothehospital?我?guī)闳メt(yī)院好嗎?Topic2Isitgoodforyourhealth?重點詞組:looktired看起來很累watchasoccergameonTV在電視上觀看一場足球賽stayup熬夜keeplongfingernails留長指甲washhandsbeforemeals飯前洗手playsportsrightaftermeals飯后適當(dāng)運動takeafreshbreath呼吸新鮮空氣benecessaryfor…對于……來說是必不可少的keepyouactive使你保持精力旺盛inthedaytime在白天throwlitterabout亂扔垃圾getenoughsleep得到足夠的睡眠exerciseonanemptystomach空腹鍛煉=withouteatinganythingneedtodosth需要做某事getinto進入becomesick生病fightgerms抗擊病菌keeptheaircleanandfresh保持空氣清新eatbadfood吃變質(zhì)食物sweepthefloors打掃地板asweknow眾所周知havetherightkindsoffood吃正確種類的（健康的）食品choosethewrongfood選擇錯誤的（不健康的）食品indifferentways用不同的方法makeussick使我們生病二、重點句型Isee.Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.我明白了.熬夜有害你的健康.(動名詞短語做主語)2.HowdidWangJungetaheadache?王俊怎樣患上頭痛的？Isgoingtobedearlygoodorbadforyourhealth?It’sgood.早點睡覺對你的健康有益還是有害?有益.(選擇問句要根據(jù)事實回答)Walkingisgoodexerciseanditisnecessaryforgoodhealth.散步是很好的鍛煉,是身體健康必不可少.Itwillkeepyouactiveinthedaytime.它(早睡早起)將使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.Youmustnotthrowlitterabout.=Don’tthrowlitterabout.不要亂扔垃圾.Wemayhavemorethanoneheadacheeachmonth.每月我們可能會不止一次頭疼.Youmaygetaheadachewhenyoucan’tgetenoughsleep.當(dāng)你睡眠不足時,可能會頭疼.Whatdoesitmeanwhenyouhaveaheadache?頭痛對你來說意味著什么?Theboybecomessick.那個男孩生病了.Asweknow,foodgivesusenery.眾所周知,食物給我們提供能量.Ifweeattoolittleortoomuchfood,orifwechoosethewrongfood,itcanmakeussick.如果我們吃得太少或太多,或者食物的選擇不當(dāng)會生病的.三.重點語言點1.begoodfor…對……有益bebadfor…對……有害如:Swimmingisgoodforhealth.游泳對健康有益.Readinginstrongsunlightisbadfortheeyes.在強烈的陽光下看書對眼睛有害.disease通常指具體的病,表“特定的疾病、病名”illness通常指生病的狀態(tài)或表抽象的疾病如：Germscancausediseases.細(xì)菌會引發(fā)疾病。SARSisaseriousdisease.非典是一種嚴(yán)重的疾病。Don’tworryabouthisillness.別擔(dān)心他的病。exercise表“鍛煉/運動”時,為不可數(shù)名詞;表“練習(xí)”或有定語修飾時,為可數(shù)名詞.如:Heoftentakes/doesexerciseinthemorning.他經(jīng)常上午鍛煉.Pleasedotheexercisesatonce.請馬上做這些練習(xí).Hedoesmorningexerciseseveryday.他每天做早操.Walkingisgoodexercise.散步是很好的鍛煉.enoughadj.“足夠的”修飾名詞時,既可放在名詞之前,也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前)如:Ihaveenoughtime/timeenoughtofinishthiswork.我有足夠的時間完成這項工作.Thereisenoughfoodinthefridge.冰箱里有足夠的食物.adv.“足夠地”修飾形容詞或副詞時,均放在所修飾詞的后面.如:Heistallenoughtoreachtheapple.他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果.Hespeaksclearlyenough.他講得足夠清楚.need“需要,必需”1作實義動詞:needsth.需要某物needtodosth.需要做某事如:Ineedsomehelp.我需要一些幫助.Youneedtoseeadoctor.你需要去看醫(yī)生.Heneedstotakeabus.他需要去搭車.2作情態(tài)動詞:need+動詞原形如:Ifshewantsanything,sheonlyneedask.她想要什么東西,只要開口就行了.Youneedn’tfinishthisworktoday.你不必今天完成這項工作.6．toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞表“太多的。。。”muchtoo+形容詞表“太。。?！保琺uch起加強語氣作用如：Don’teattoomuchmeat.不要吃太多的肉。Heismuchtoofat.他實在太胖了。四.重點語法情態(tài)動詞:①must“必須,一定”如:Wemuststudyhard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí).mustn’t“不可以”如:Youmustn’twalkonthelawn.你不可以在草坪上行走.②should“應(yīng)該”如:Weshouldfinishitontime.我們應(yīng)該按時完成它.shouldn’t“不該”如:Youshouldn’tgotoschoollate.你不該上學(xué)遲到.doone’sbesttodosth盡力做某事fightSARS抗擊非典keepawayfromanimals遠(yuǎn)離動物dohousecleaning打掃屋子gotocrowdedplaces去擁擠的地方allthetime=always總是/一直examinethepatients檢查病人takeamessage捎口信takecareof…照顧……=lookafter/carefortell/asksb.todosth叫某人做某事callback回電話leaveamessage留口信takeanactivepartin積極參加careforpatients照顧病人savethepatients挽救病人spendthetime度過時光teachoneself自學(xué)helpmothercook幫助媽媽煮東西onthephone/Internet在電話中/在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上enjoyoneself過得愉快tellsb.astory/stories給某人講故事takesomeChinesemedicine吃些中藥重點句型1.Wedon’thavetobeafraidofcatchingSARS.我們沒必要害怕患上非典。2.Pleasetellmyfathertotakecareof