1.Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,forhoweverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.Whenanovel ryideaappears,peopleshouldtry determineitsignoreitsfollowthenewacceptthe2.Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFuturist,requiresanewformofexpression.Wemustspeedupourlituretoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.Futuristsclaimthatwe increasetheproductionof usepoetrytorelievemoderndevelopnewmodesofavoidusingadjectivesand題3.JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCourtwillnowconsiderwhethercansearchthecontentsofaphonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonorarounda duringanarrest.TheSupremecourt,willworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimatesearchfors’phoneswithoutachecks’phonecontentswithoutbeingpreventsfromdeletingtheirphoneprohibitsfromusingtheir題4.Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpolitiesthatexinsmonarchy’scontinuingpopularityasheadsofstate.AndsotheMiddleEastexpected,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.MonarchsarekeptasheadofstateinEuropemostly[A]togivevotersmorepublicfigurestolookupto.[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality.[C]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus.[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment.題5.UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthycommutes(travelstoandfromwork)andcrowdedlivingconditions,butastheoldgroupandfamilyvaluesweaken, fortisbeginningThechangeinJapaneselife-styleisrevealedinthefact theyoungarelesstolerant fortsinthedivorcerateinJapanexceedsthatinthetheJapaneseenduremorethanevertheJapaneseappreciatetheirpresent6.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambition theythinkofitastheirpursuitsarenotfameorambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialtheydonotwanttoappeargreedyand7.Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustinnasty.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstrated theuseofmachinestoproducesciencethewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingtheinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangeroustheelite’scunningtacklingofdangerousandboring題.Whileweknowhowtolarobottohandleaspecificerror,saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,“wecan’tyetgivearobotenough‘commonsense’toreliablyinctwithadynamicworld.”Accordingtothetext,whatisman’sabilitynowistodesignarobotthat.fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrain ctwithhumanbeingshavealittlecommonrespondindependentlytoachanging9.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscan makeafewdecisionsfordealwithsomeerrorswithhumancultivatehuman10NAS’sreportidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseofineffectualanddmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.AccordingtotheNAS’sreport,oneoftheproblemsinend-of-lifecare prolongedmedicalsystematicdrug題11.GeorgeAnnassaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclearthatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatare petentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”GeorgeAnnaswouldprobablyagreethatdoctorsshouldbepunishedif managetheir givepatientsmoremedicinethanreducedrugdosagesfortheirprolongtheneedlesssufferingofthe題12.Inanycase,basiccomputerskillsareonlycomplementarytothehostofrealskillsthatarenecessaryto inganykindofprofessional.Accordingtotheauthor,basiccomputerskillsshould includedasanauxiliarycourseinequallyemphasizedbyanyschool,vocationalor13.Becausecurrentfederallawalreadyforbidstheuseoffederalfundstocreateembryos(theearlieststageofhumanoffspringbeforebirth)forresearchortoknowinglyendangeranembryo’slife,NBACwillremainsilentonembryoresearch.NBACwillleavetheissueofembryoresearchundiscussed embryoresearchisjustacurrentdevelopmentofthehealthofthechildisnotthemainconcernofembryoanembryo’slifewillnotbeendangeredinembryotheissueisexplicitlystatedandsettledinthe14Butsurelythatdoesnotmeanenvironmentalistsconcernedaboutuncontrolledindustrialgrowthareanti-science,asanessayinUSNews&WorldReportlastMayseemedtosuggest.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheEnvironmentalistswereblamedforanti-scienceinanPoliticiansarenotsubjecttothelabelingofanti-The“moreenlightened”tendtotagothersasanti-15.isnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheManypeoplebelievethatlogicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewayweManypeoplebelievethatblackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardMcWhorterbelievesthatlogicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewayweMcWhorterbelievesthatofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplex16.America’scapacityutilization,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessrate(5.6%inAugust)hasfallenbelowmostestimatesofthenaturalrateunemployment--theratebelowwhichinflationhastakenoffintheAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisAnextremelylowjoblessratewillleadtoAhighunemploymentratewillresultfrom題17.Formuchofthepastyear, BushnedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Asaresult Bush’sreform,retiredpeoplemayahighersenseoflesssecuredlesschancetoaguaranteed18.Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingthebraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisslavestheirdominhiswill.Washington’sdecisiontoslavesoriginatedfrommoralpolitical題19.Americanstodaydon’tceaveryhighvalueoninlect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducationnottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsofpervasiveanti-inlectualisminourschoolsaren’tdifficulttofind.WhatdoAmericanparentsexpecttheirchildrentoacquireinThehabitofthinkingProfoundknowledgeofthePracticalabilitiesforfutureTheconfidenceininlectual20.Sadtosay,thejournalismcredibilityprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrrmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedoutto quitesomewhatveryrather21.Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosay‘a(chǎn)bouttheirschoolexperience.Thepossiblereasonforinspiredstudentstogivenegativeremarksontheschooltheyshouldenrollasmanygiftedstudentsastheyshouldorganizetheirclassesaccordingtothestudents’theyareoftenincapableofcateringtotheneedsoftalentedtheyshouldsatisfytheneedsofstudentsfromdifferentfamily22.Butnotwoshowsaremoreprofoundlyoppositeincontent,whileatthesametimestandingoutabovetherest,thantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows.paredwithotherTVtalkshows,boththeJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfrey.morefamily- B)unusuallyC)more D)relatively23.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.IncontrasttotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedical moremoremoremore題24.Butitisthearrivalofnewsa litechannels--fundedpartlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers’subscriptions--whichwillbringaboutthebiggestchangesinthelongterm.TheforemostreasonwhytheBBChastoreadjustitselfisnoother theemergenceofcommercialTVtheenmentofBroadcastingActby theurgentnecessitytoreducecostsandthechallengeofnewsalite25.Severalmassiveleakagesofcustomerandemployeedatathisyear–fromorganizationsasdiverseasTimeWarner,theAmericandefensecontractorScienceApplicationsInternationalCorpandeventheUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyhaveleftmanagershurriedlypeeringintotheirintricateITsystemsandbusinessprocessesinsearchofpotentialvulnerabilities.AccordingtoParagraph2,someorganizationschecktheirsystemstofindwhetherthereisanyweakwhatsortofdatahasbeenwhoisresponsibleforthehowthepotentialspiescanbe題26.ThefirstfourchaptersofKitcher’sbookgiveaverybriefintroductiontoevolution.Atappropriateces,heintroducesthecriticismsofthecreationistsandprovidesanswers.Inthelastthreechapters,hetakesoffhisglovesandgivesthecreationistsagoodbeating.Kitcher’sbookisreallyintended mendtheviewsoftheexposethetruefeaturesofcursebitterlyatthislaunchasurpriseattackon27ThenthenewspaperindustrysponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbersButitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecominingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingto.failuretorealizeitsrealtendencytohireannoyinglikelinesstodoinaccurateprejudiceinmattersofraceand28.IbelievethatthemostimportantsbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomer’sdemands.Allthesearebeneficial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,theworld’swealthincreases.Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingsbehindM&Awave thegreatercustomerasurplussupplyfortheagrowingtheincreaseoftheworld’s29.WhileinAmericathetrendofdownshiftingstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline--afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate80sandisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives..29.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresult thequickpaceofmoderntheeconomic題30.Consumerssaythey’renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“there’sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrangepredominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonusessaysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,”saysJohnTealdi,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Lines3-4,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout goldrealstockventure題31Thatthetesaremovingisnowdispute.AfricaandSouthAmerica,forexample,aremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialisinjectedintotheseafloorbetweenthem.Thecomplementarycoastlinesandcertaingeologicalfeaturesthatseemtospantheoceanareremindersofwherethetwocontinentswereoncejoined.ThatAfricaandSouthAmericawereoncejoinedcanbededucedfromthefact.thetwocontinentsarestillmovinginoppositetheyhavebeenfoundtosharecertaingeologicaltheAfricantehasbeenstablefor30millionover100hotspotsarescatteredallaroundthe32.MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonableprice,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byheltoincreasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlabor,andisthereforeaneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices:withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuch,thepriceofyourevisionlicensewouldneedtobedoubled,andtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeans heisfairlyfamiliarwiththecostofeverybodyknowswellthatadvertisingismoneyadvertisingcostsmoneylikeeverythingitisworthwhiletospendmoneyon33.InBritainandJapaninflationisrunninghalfapercentagepointbelowtheratepredictedattheendoflastyear.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.Thesentence“Thisisnoflashinthepan”(Line5,Paragraph3)means thelowinflationratewilllastforsometheinflationratewillsoontheinflationwilldisappearthereisnoinflationat34.ItwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricherJustasinevitably,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyoneAmericanevisionmakerleft,Zenith.(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea’sLGElectronicsinJuly.)Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweeintothedomesticmarket.America’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthattheAmerican TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticsemiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignautoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomestic35.Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.“Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-witted,”accordingtoRichardCavanagh,executivedeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofernment.“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheirproductivity,”saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-inWashington,DC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodasagoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.”TheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedto turningofthebusinesssuccessinAsfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfiden