2023年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題語篇專攻練11人物傳記（二）外研版PAGEPAGE2話題語篇專攻練11人物傳記(二)(建議用時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·昆明模擬)Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting.Heoncesaid:“Medicineismylawfulwife,andliteratureismylover.〞RussianwriterAntonPavlovichChekhov,wasagreatplaywrightandoneofthemastersofthemodernshortstory.WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879,hestartedtopublishhundredsofcomicshortstoriestosupporthisfamily.Afterhegraduated,hewroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspaper.Asawriterhewasextremelyfast,oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless.Chekhov’smedicalandscienceexperiencecanbeseenthroughtheindifference(冷漠)manyofhischaractersshowtotragicevents.In1892,hebecameafulltimewriterandpublishedsomeofhismostmemorablestories.ChekhovoftenwroteaboutthesufferingsoflifeinsmalltownRussia.Tragiceventscontrolhischaracterswhoarefilledwithfeelingsofhopelessnessanddespair.ItisoftensaidthatnothinghappensinChekhov’sstoriesandplays.Hemadeupforthiswithhisexcitingtechniquefordevelopingdramawithinhischaracters.Chekhov’sworkcombinedthecalmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity(敏感)ofanartist.SomeofChekhov’sworksweretranslatedintoChineseasearlyasthe1940s.Oneofhisfamousstories,TheManinaShell,aboutaschoolteacher’sextraordinarilyorderlylife,wasselectedasatextforChineseseniorstudents.【文章大意】本文介紹了俄羅斯偉大的現(xiàn)代短篇小說家——契訶夫。1.Whichofthefollowingistherightorderoftheevents?a.becameadoctorb.becameafulltimewriterc.startedtopublishcomicshortstoriesd.wroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspaper.e.enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolA.e→c→b→a→d B.e→c→a→d→bC.d→a→b→c→e D.a→e→d→c→b【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？捎檬孜捕ㄎ环?。第一個事件是enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchool,最后一個事件是becameafulltimewriter,應(yīng)選B。2.AntonPavlovichChekhov______.A.wasacompetentdoctorB.hadalawfulloverC.usedtobealawyerD.wasanillegalwriter【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticed可知,契訶夫是個合格的醫(yī)生,應(yīng)選A。3.In1880,Chekhov______.A.becameafull-timewriterB.publishedhismostmemorablestoriesC.studiedmedicineinMoscowUniversityD.practicedmedicineinhishometown【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879可知,契訶夫1879年進(jìn)入莫斯科大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī),由此斷定契訶夫1880年正在大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)。4.Whichofthefollowingadjectivescan’tbeusedtodescribeChekhov?A.Sensitive. B.Cool.C.Quick-minded. D.Warm-hearted.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中講到他的品質(zhì)有cool,sensitive(calmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivityofanartist),quick-minded(extremelyfast,oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless),但沒有涉及warm-hearted這方面的品質(zhì),應(yīng)選D。BMydivorcewasnowfinalandIneededtofindanewhomeformeandmysix-year-oldson,Dash.AfewdaysearlierI’dseenanad.Iwaswillingtotryanything,soIcontactedtheowner,awomannamedCamille.Whenshee-mailedmebackIdiscoveredshewasn’trentingahouseatall.Shewasrentingtheattic(閣樓)apartment.Ileftheramessagecallingoffourmeeting.ButCamillecalledmebackandinsistedIcomeover.SohereIwas.Ipulledthecartoastopandlookedupatthetinycottage.Thehousewassmallasitwas.Theatticwindowlookedtootinytoletmuchlightin.Wecouldn’tliveinadark,depressingplace.Icoulddowithalmostanything.ButDashneedsagoodhome,aplacehereallyfeelssafe.Nosenseinwastinghertimeormine.Iknocked.Thewomanwhoopenedthedoorwassmallandbright-eyed.ShewasmucholderthanI’dguessed,butIcouldseeshehadtheenergyofsomeonehalfherage.ShelookedsosympatheticthatIfoundmyselfwantingtokeeptalkingtoher.“Wehavetoleaveourhome.〞Iexplained.“Mymarriageended.Ionlyhaveafewdaystofindsomethingelse,butIwantittoberight.〞Camillenodded.“You’reagoodmother.Youneverknowthemiraclesthatawaityouaroundthecorner.〞Camillewalkedmetothedoorandwishedmewell.Igotbackinthecarandsnappedoutofit.Idroveoffslowly,hopingtomakethefeelinglast.IturneddownasidestreetIdidn’trecognize.Iglancedoutofthesidewindow.Justupaheadwasacottagewithasignoutinfront:forrent.Ipulledover.Ifoundtheownershadjustboughtthehousethemselvesandweredecoratingit,hopingtofindtheperfectrenters.Theytookmeonatourofthehousethatwaslikeacopyofmylist:abigbedroomforDash,abackyardwithtrees,andagreatschoolnearby.Thehousewasmeantforus!Camillewasright.Miraclesawaitus,justaroundthecorner.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要是講述作者離婚后,單獨(dú)帶著兒子尋找出租房屋的經(jīng)歷。費(fèi)盡周折,最終找到了適宜的房子。5.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterreceivingCamille’se-mail?A.Disappointed. B.Excited.C.Anxious. D.Content.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whenshee-mailedmebackIdiscoveredshewasn’trentingahouseatall...Ileftheramessagecallingoffourmeeting.〞可推知,收到Camille的郵件之后,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)她出租的房子并不是自己想要的那種,因此給Camille留言取消見面,由此可推知作者應(yīng)是感到失望的。6.Whymusttheauthorfindagoodplace?A.Tobeginanewlife.B.TogiveDashagoodeducation.C.Forherson’ssake.D.Forherandherson’ssafety.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Wecouldn’tliveinadark,depressingplace.Icoulddowithalmostanything.ButDashneedsagoodhome,aplacehereallyfeelssafe.〞可知,作者覺得她和兒子Dash不能住在黑暗又壓抑的地方,她自己可以忍受得了一切,但是Dash需要一個溫暖的家,一個他真正感覺平安的地方,第四段也提到“You’reagoodmother〞,由此可知,作者要找一個好地方完全是為了兒子Dash。7.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“snappedoutofit〞probablymean?A.Saysomethinginanimpatientvoice.B.Stopfeelingunhappyordepressed.C.Makeasharpnoisesuddenly.D.Losecontrolofone’sfeelings.【解析】選B。詞義猜想題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容,尤其是“Youneverknowthemiraclesthatawaityouaroundthecorner...Idroveoffslowly,hopingtomakethefeelinglast.〞可知,在Camille的鼓勵下,作者重新燃起對生活的希望,擺脫了郁悶的心境,她駕車慢慢離開,希望這種愉悅的感覺持續(xù)下去。故畫線局部應(yīng)是“拋掉不愉快的情緒,擺脫郁悶的心境〞之意。8.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.Neverlosehope. B.Nopains,nogains.C.Everylittlebithelps. D.Wellbegunishalfdone.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,尤其是第四段中的“Youneverknowthemiraclesthatawaityouaroundthecorner〞及最后一段中的“Miraclesawaitus,justaroundthecorner.〞可知答案為A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ClaraBarton,founderoftheAmericanRedCross,gainedworldwidehonorforherdedicationtoeasinghumansufferingandearnedthenickname“AngeloftheBattlefield.〞Bartonwasbornintoaliberal(開明的)freethinkingfamilyin1821.Herelderbrothersandsistershappilytutoredherinmathandreading,sowhensheenteredschoolatthreeyearsold,shecouldreadandspellthree-syllablewords.__1

ConcernedaboutBarton’sdifficultyinmakingfriends,herparentssenthertoaboardingschool,hopingitwouldmakehermorecomfortablewithherpeers.__2__Bartonlostherappetiteandcriedconstantly.Afteronlyoneterm,shehadtobebroughthome.Then,Bartonstayedoutofschooltonurseherolderbrotherthroughaseriousinjuryandalsovolunteeredtocareforpoorfamiliesduringasmallpox(天花)outbreak.In1861,theCivilWarbrokeout.ThesightofwoundedsoldierstouchedBartondeeply.Shebegantocollectanddistributefood,bandages,medicines,andothersuppliesfortheUnionarmy.__3__There,withlittleconcernforherownsafety,shecookedmeals,assistedsurgeons,andcomfortedwoundedsoldiers.Eventually,becauseofworkingtoohard,Bartoncollapsed,illwithtyphoidfever(傷寒癥).__4__ItwastherethatshelearnedofanorganizationbasedinSwitzerland—calledtheInternationalRedCross,whoseworkmirroredherown.ShortlyafterBartonarrivedbackhomein1873,hersisterdied.__5__Whenrecuperating(休養(yǎng))atahealthfacilityinNewYork,shebeganplanningfortheestablishmentofanAmericanwingoftheInternationalRedCross.Althoughatfirstthegovernmentresisted,hereffortsfinallypaidoff.TheAmericanRedCrosswasofficiallyorganizedonMay21,1881.Herinfluencelivesontodayintheworkoftheorganizationshefounded.A.Bartonfellintoadeepdepression.B.Unfortunately,ithadtheoppositeeffect.C.Manypeoplefeltsorryforthelossofhersisterandherownhealth.D.Bartonriskedherlifetotransportwagonloads(貨車裝載量)ofsuppliestothefrontlines.E.Whensherecovered,herdoctorsprescribed(指示)along,restfultriptoEurope.F.BartonspentthefollowingseveralmonthslearningbasicsaboutSwissCross.G.Sheeasilykeptupwiththeolderchildrenacademicallybutdidnotfitinsocially.【文章大意】文章講述了紅十字會創(chuàng)始人Barton的人生經(jīng)歷以及她創(chuàng)立紅十字會的過程。1.【解析】選G。本段講Barton在哥哥姐姐的引導(dǎo)下智力開發(fā)很早,3歲上學(xué)并且能讀會寫。G項(xiàng):在學(xué)業(yè)上她很容易跟上年齡大的孩子,但社交方面不行。連接前后,應(yīng)選G。2.【解析】選B。上句講父母為了讓她多和同齡人接觸把她送去寄宿學(xué)校。下句講她失去了食欲,不停地哭喊。B項(xiàng):不幸的是這樣做起到了反作用。連接前后,選B。3.【解析】選D。下句講Barton在戰(zhàn)爭中不顧個人安危積極做飯、幫助醫(yī)生和照顧傷員。D項(xiàng):她冒著生命危險運(yùn)輸物資到前線。與下句并列,都是她的具體表現(xiàn),應(yīng)選D。4.【解析】選E。上句講Barton由于勞累病倒并得了傷寒。下句講在那里她接觸了國際紅十字會。E項(xiàng):她傷寒痊愈后醫(yī)生讓她去歐洲休養(yǎng)。連接前后,應(yīng)選E。5.【解析】選A。上句講1873年她回家后不久姐姐去世了。A項(xiàng):她陷入深深地痛苦中。連接上句,選A。Ⅲ.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Jackwasastudent.Hisfamilywasconsistedof5people.Jack’smotherwasalwayssostrictinherchildrenthatsheconcentratedtheirattentionontheirstudies.Tochildren’sdelighted,the