PAGE6賓語從句賓語從句的種類賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+賓語（陳述句語序）【注意：1~引導詞.that2~語序v.+主+謂由if、whether引導賓語從句3~時態(tài)：A.主句現(xiàn)在時從句任一時態(tài)】

1.由that引導的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語

和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：

Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.

Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.

2.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：

Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?

Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?

Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.

3.由if或whether引導的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：

Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.

Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether

①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.

②在介詞前：Itdependson（依靠）whetheritisgoingtorain.

③與ornot連用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.語法點：由if或whether引導的賓語從句

詞匯：if,whether,ask,wonder,know,…

句型：…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wantstoknow/wantedtoknowif/whether…前后桌同學之間開展采訪活動，然后同桌交流采訪結(jié)果。如：

—Whodidyouinterview?

—IinterviewedBill.

—Whatdidyouaskhim?

—Iaskedhimifhealwaysobeyedtheschoolrules.

—…

（二）賓語從句的語序

賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序。例如：

Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.

Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.

（三）賓語從句的時態(tài)

1.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。

如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswhereheis.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

2.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.不省略引導詞that當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時；當賓語從句較長時；當主語狀語置于主句尾，賓語從句之前時；當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時；當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時，此時第一個that可以省略，第二個that不可以省略；當賓語從句中的主語是this,that或this,that做主語的定語時；當賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時；當賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或主語從句時；當主語中的謂語動詞是固定詞組時；當賓語從句有it做其先行詞時；在直接引語中，轉(zhuǎn)述分句把賓語從句隔開時.當that在從句中充當主語時典型例題【中考鏈接】1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereyoubuyit B.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtit D.wheredidyoubuyit2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.where B.how C.if D.why3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidfor B.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.A.what B.when C.why D.where5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror（恐怖統(tǒng)治）B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorC.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorD.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.when B.how C.where D.what7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.A.when B.that C.how D.what8.Iwanttoknow________.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?--At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave10.—Couldyoutellme________?--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.A.howIcanmeetCathy B.whereIcanmeetCathy C.whenIcanmeetCathy11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgo B.wouldgo C.goes D.hasgone15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost16.-Whendoyouthink_________?-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.A.hewillcome B.willhecome C.didhecome D.hecame17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.A.rise B.rose C.rising D.rises18.--Listen!

It

is

still

noisyin

thehead

teacher’soffice.

-Go

and

see________theyhavefinished

correcting

thepapersyet.

A.though

B.whetherC.unless

D.while19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad20.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how習題練習1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid

2.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping

5.Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which

習題練習一.1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C二.根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子

4.請你告訴我去鐘樓怎麼走嗎？

Couldyoutellme_______IcangettotheBellTower?

5.父親說他買了一臺新電腦。

Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..

6.我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。

Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.

7.你知道一個雙人間多少錢嗎？

Doyouknow_____________adoubleroom______?

9.叔叔說他正在寫一本新小說。

Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.

10.杰克說他有重要事情要做。

Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.

答案：二.4.how5.hadbought6.if(whether)7.howmuch9.waswriting10.had典型例題：1【解析】選C2【解析】選B3【解析】選A4【解析】選C5【解析】選C6【解析】選D7【解析】選D8【解析】選A9【解析】選B10【解析】選A11【解析】選B12【解析】選A。結(jié)合題意“湯姆，如果天氣好的話，你知道弗蘭克這個星期六將去動物園嗎？”可知第一個空是賓語從句，要用一般將來時，第二個空是條件狀語從句，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，故排除B、C、D三項，選A。13【解析】選D。從語序方面先排除B，另結(jié)合時間狀語inamillionyears可知要用一般將來時，14【解析】選B。結(jié)合主句中的told和從句中的thenextday可知要用過去將來時，故排除A、C、D三項15【解析】選C16【解析】選A。問句是帶有插入語doyouthink的賓語從句，要用陳述語序，先排除B、C二項；另結(jié)合答句中的willpickhimup可知要用一般將來時，故舍D選A。17【解析】選D。從句中所說“太陽從東邊升起”是客觀事實，所以不管主句用什么時態(tài)，從句總是用一般現(xiàn)在時，故正確答案為D.18【解析】選B?？疾閣hether引導的賓語從句。結(jié)合題意“去看看他們是否已改完了試卷”19【解析】選D20【解析】選B。四個選項都可以引導賓語從句，結(jié)合答語“Maybeareporter.”可知問句是在詢問人的職業(yè)，故正確答案為B。題意為“你知道那個戴眼鏡的男人是做什么的嗎？”。二、選擇填空。()1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring()2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry()3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar()4.Peterknew_______________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis()5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingfor

D.whereyoulivein答案：1—5:DDDBB一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復合句。1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3．Therewillbeame