2011年1月8日雅思（閱讀）真題試卷(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.GoingBananasTheworld’sfavouritefruitcoulddisappearforeverin10years’time.Thebananaisamongtheworld’soldestcrops.Agriculturalscientistsbelievethatthefirstediblebananawasdiscoveredaroundtenthousandyearsago.IthasbeenatanevolutionarystandstilleversinceitwasfirstpropagatedinthejunglesofSouth-EastAsiaattheendofthelasticeage.Normallythewildbanana,agiantjungleherbcalledMusaacuminata,containsamassofhardseedsthatmakethefruitvirtuallyinedible.Butnowandthen,hunter-gatherersmusthavediscoveredraremutantplantsthatproducedseedless,ediblefruits.Geneticistsnowknowthatthevastmajorityofthesesoft-fruitedplantsresultedfromgeneticaccidentsthatgavetheircellsthreecopiesofeachchromosomeinsteadoftheusualtwo.Thisimbalancepreventsseedsandpollenfromdevelopingnormally,renderingthemutantplantssterile.Andthatiswhysomescientistsbelievetheworld’smostpopularfruitcouldbedoomed.ItlacksthegeneticdiversitytofightoffpestsanddiseasesthatareinvadingthebananaplantationsofCentralAmericaandthesmallholdingsofAfricaandAsiaalike.Insomeways,thebananatodayresemblesthepotatobeforeblightbroughtfaminetoIrelandacenturyandahalfago.But“itholdsalessonforothercrops,too”,saysEmileFrison,topbananaattheInternationalNetworkfortheImprovementofBananaandPlantaininMontpellier,France.“Thestateofthebanana”,Frisonwarns,“canteachabroaderlesson:theincreasingstandardisationoffoodcropsroundtheworldisthreateningtheirabilitytoadaptandsurvive.”ThefirstStoneAgeplantbreederscultivatedthesesterilefreaksbyreplantingcuttingsfromtheirstems.Andthedescendantsofthoseoriginalcuttingsarethebananaswestilleattoday.Eachisavirtualclone,almostdevoidofgeneticdiversity.AndthatuniformitymakesitripefordiseaselikenoothercroponEarth.Traditionalvarietiesofsexuallyreproducingcropshavealwayshadamuchbroadergeneticbase,andthegeneswillrecombineinnewarrangementsineachgeneration.Thisgivesthemmuchgreaterflexibilityinevolvingresponsestodisease-andfarmoregeneticresourcestodrawoninthefaceofanattack.Butthatadvantageisfadingfast,asgrowersincreasinglyplantthesamefew,high-yieldingvarieties.Plantbreedersworkfeverishlytomaintainresistanceinthesestandardisedcrops.Shouldtheseeffortsfalter,yieldsofeventhemostproductivecropcouldswiftlycrash.“Whensomepestordiseasecomesalong,severeepidemicscanoccur,”saysGeoffHawtin,directoroftheRome-basedInternationalPlantGeneticResourcesInstitute.Thebananaisanexcellentcaseinpoint.Untilthe1950s,onevariety,theGrosMichel,dominatedtheworld’scommercialbananabusiness.FoundbyFrenchbotanistsinAsiainthe1820s,theGrosMichelwasbyallaccountsafinebanana,richerandsweeterthantoday’sstandardbananaandwithoutthelatter’sbitteraftertastewhengreen.Butitwasvulnerabletoasoilfungusthatproducedawilt

knownasPanamadisease.“Oncethefungusgetsintothesoilitremainsthereformanyyears.Thereisnothingfarmerscando.Evenchemicalsprayingwon’tgetridofit,”saysRodomiroOrtiz,directoroftheInternationalInstituteforTropicalAgricultureinIbadan,Nigeria.Soplantationownersplayedarunninggame,abandoninginfestedfieldsandmovingto“clean”land-untiltheyranoutofcleanlandinthe1950sandhadtoabandontheGrosMichel.Itssuccessor,andstillthereigningcommercialking,istheCavendishbanana,a19th-centuryBritishdiscoveryfromsouthernChina.TheCavendishisresistanttoPanamadiseaseand,asaresult,itliterallysavedtheinternationalbananaindustry.Duringthe1960s,itreplacedtheGrosMichelonsupermarketshelves.Ifyoubuyabananatoday,itisalmostcertainlyaCavendish.Butevenso,itisaminorityintheworld’sbananacrop.HalfabillionpeopleinAsiaandAfricadependonbananas.Bananasprovidethelargestsourceofcaloriesandareeatendaily.Itsnameissynonymouswithfood.ButthedayofreckoningmaybecomingfortheCavendishanditsindigenouskin.Anotherfungaldisease,blackSigatoka,hasbecomeaglobalepidemicsinceitsfirstappearanceinFijiin1963.Lefttoitself,blackSigatoka-whichcausesbrownwoundsonleavesandprematurefruitripening-cutsfruityieldsby50to70percentandreducestheproductivelifetimeofbananaplantsfrom30yearstoaslittleas2or3.CommercialgrowerskeepSigatokaatbaybyamassivechemicalassault.Fortysprayingsoffungicideayearistypical.Butdespitethefungicides,diseasessuchasblackSigatokaaregettingmoreandmoredifficulttocontrol.“Assoonasyoubringinanewfungicide,theydevelopresistance,”saysFrison.“OnethingwecanbesureofisthattheSigatokawon’tloseinthisbattle.”P(pán)oorfarmers,whocannotaffordchemicals,haveitevenworse.Theycandolittlemorethanwatchtheirplantsdie.“MostofthebananafieldsinAmazoniahavealreadybeendestroyedbythedisease,”saysLuadirGasparotto,Brazil’sleadingbananapathologistwiththegovernmentresearchagencyEMBRAPA.Productionislikelytofallby70percentasthediseasespreads,hepredicts.Theonlyoptionwillbetofindanewvariety.Buthow?Almostallediblevarietiesaresusceptibletothediseases,sogrowerscannotsimplychangetoadifferentbanana.Withmostcrops,suchathreatwouldunleashanarmyofbreeders,scouringtheworldforresistantrelativeswhosetraitstheycanbreedintocommercialvarieties.Notsowiththebanana.Becauseallediblevarietiesaresterile,bringinginnewgenetictraitstohelpcopewithpestsanddiseasesisnearlyimpossible.Nearly,butnottotally.Veryrarely,asterilebananawillexperienceageneticaccidentthatallowsanalmostnormalseedtodevelop,givingbreedersatinywindowforimprovement.BreedersattheHonduranFoundationofAgriculturalResearchhavetriedtoexploitthistocreatedisease-resistantvarieties.FurtherbackcrossingwithwildbananasyieldedanewseedlessbananaresistanttobothblackSigatokaandPanamadisease.NeitherWesternsupermarketconsumersnorpeasantgrowerslikethenewhybrid.Someaccuseitoftastingmorelikeanapplethanabanana.Notsurprisingly,themajorityofplantbreedershavetillnowturnedtheirbacksonthebananaandgottoworkoneasierplants.Andcommercialbananacompaniesarenowwashingtheirhandsofthewholebreedingeffort,preferringtofundasearchfornewfungicidesinstead.“Wesupportedabreedingprogrammefor40years,butitwasn’t

abletodevelopanalternativetoCavendish.Itwasveryexpensiveandwegotnothingback,”saysRonaldRomero,headofresearchatChiquita,oneoftheBigThreecompaniesthatdominatetheinternationalbananatrade.Lastyear,aglobalconsortiumofscientistsledbyFrisonannouncedplanstosequencethebananagenomewithinfiveyears.Itwouldbethefirstediblefruittobesequenced.Well,almostedible.ThegroupwillactuallybesequencinginediblewildbananasfromEastAsiabecausemanyoftheseareresistanttoblackSigatoka.IftheycanpinpointthegenesthathelpthesewildvarietiestoresistblackSigatoka,theprotectivegenescouldbeintroducedintolaboratorytissueculturesofcellsfromediblevarieties.Thesecouldthenbepropagatedintonew,resistantplantsandpassedontofarmers.Itsoundspromising,butthebigbananacompanieshave,untilnow,refusedtogetinvolvedinGMresearchforfearofalienatingtheircustomers.“Biotechnologyisextremelyexpensiveandthereareseriousquestionsaboutconsumeracceptance,”saysDavidMcLaughlin,Chiquita’sseniordirectorforenvironmentalaffairs.Withscantfundingfromthecompanies,thebananagenomeresearchersarefocusingontheotherendofthespectrum.Eveniftheycanidentifythecrucialgenes,theywillbealongwayfromdevelopingnewvarietiesthatsmallholderswillfindsuitableandaffordable.Butwhateverbiotechnology’sacademicinterest,itistheonlyhopeforthebanana.Withoutit,bananaproductionworldwidewillheadintoatailspin.WemayevenseetheextinctionofthebananaasbothalifesaverforhungryandimpoverishedAfricansandasthemostpopularproductontheworld’ssupermarketshelves.Questions1-3CompletethesentencesbelowwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassage.Writeyouranswersinboxes1-3onyouranswersheet.1．Bananawasfirsteatenasafruitbyhumansalmost_____yearsago.正確答案：tenthousand解析：題目答案一定為數(shù)字信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)順序原則，答案應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在文章開(kāi)頭，于是定位于原文第一段第二句話“Agriculturalscientistsbelievethatthefirstediblebananawasdiscoveredaroundtenthousandyearsago”，題目信息“eaten”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“edible”，所以答案為tenthousand。2．Bananawasfirstplantedin______.正確答案：South-EastAsia解析：題目答案應(yīng)該為一個(gè)地名，同時(shí)根據(jù)順序原則，定位于第一段第三行中部“itwasfirstpropagatedinthejunglesofSouth‐EastAsia…”，題目信息“planted”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“propagated”，所以答案為South‐EastAsia。3．Wildbanana’stasteisadverselyaffectedbyits______.正確答案：hardseeds解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“wildbanana’staste”和順序原則定位于第一段第四

行“Normallythewildbanana…containsamassofhardseedsthatmakethefruitvirtuallyinedible”，題目信息“adverselyaffected”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“virtuallyinedible”，所以答案為hardseeds或seeds。Lookatthefollowingstatements(Questions4-10)andthelistofpeoplebelow.Matcheachstatementwiththecorrectperson,A-F.Writethecorrectletter,A-F,inboxes4-10onyouranswersheet..NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.ListofPeopleARodomiroOritzBDavidMcLaughlinCEmileFrisonDRonaldRomeroELuadirGasparottoFGeoffHawtin4．Apestinvasionmayseriouslydamagebananaindustry.正確答案：F解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“pestinvasion”定位于第三段倒數(shù)第二行GeoffHawtin的觀點(diǎn)“Whensomepestordiseasecomesalong,severeepidemicscanoccur”，原文中的“severeepidemicscanoccur”對(duì)應(yīng)題目信息“seriouslydamagebananaindustry”，所以答案為F。5．Theeffectoffungalinfectioninsoilisoftenlong-lasting.正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“fungalinfectioninsoli”定位于原文第四段第五行RodomiroOrtiz的觀點(diǎn)“Oncethefungusgetsintothesoilitremainsthereformanyyears”，原文中的“manyyears”對(duì)應(yīng)題目信息“l(fā)ong‐lasting”，所以答案為A。6．Acommercialmanufacturergaveuponbreedingbananasfordiseaseresistantspecies.正確答案：D解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“acommercialmanufacturer”定位于原文倒數(shù)第三段倒數(shù)第五行RonaldRomero的觀點(diǎn)“Wesupportedabreedingprogramfor40years…”，題目信息“acommercialmanufacturer”對(duì)應(yīng)原文觀點(diǎn)后面的“headofresearchatChiquita,oneoftheBigThreecompaniesthatdominatetheinternationalbananatrade”，所以答案為D。7．Bananadiseasemaydevelopresistancetochemicalsprays.正確答案：C解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“chemicalsprays”定位于原文第五段倒數(shù)第七行EmileFrison的觀點(diǎn)“Assoonasyoubringinanewfungicide,theydevelopresistance…”，原文中的“fungicide”對(duì)應(yīng)題目信息“chemicalsprays”，所以答案為C。8．Abananadiseasehasdestroyedalargenumberofbananaplantations.

正確答案：E解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“destroyedalargenumberofbananaplantations”定位于原文第五段倒數(shù)第四行LuadirGasparotto的觀點(diǎn)“MostofthebananafieldsinAmazoniahavealreadybeendestroyedbythedisease”，所以答案為E。9．Consumerswouldnotacceptgeneticallyalteredcrop.正確答案：B解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“consumerswouldnotaccept”定位于原文最后一段第三行提到的DavidMcLaughlin的觀點(diǎn)“thereareseriousquestionsaboutconsumeracceptance”，題目中的“geneticallyalteredcrop”對(duì)應(yīng)本段第一句中的GM（geneticmodification的縮寫(xiě)），所以答案為B。10．Lessonscanbelearnedfrombananasforothercrops.正確答案：C解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“l(fā)essonforothercrops”定位于原文第二段第二行EmileFrison的觀點(diǎn)“itholdsalessonforothercrops,too”，所以答案為C。DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1?Inboxes11-13onyouranswersheetwriteTRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis11．Bananaistheoldestknownfruit.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：C解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“oldestknownfruit”定位于原文第一段第一句話“Thebananaisamongtheworld’soldestcrops”。根據(jù)原文這個(gè)信息來(lái)判斷，題目可能為T(mén)rue，也可能為False，所以答案為NotGiven。12．GrosMichelisstillbeingusedacommercialproduct.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：B解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“GrosMichel”定位于原文第四段倒數(shù)第二、三句話“Duringthe1960s,itreplacedtheGrosMichelonsupermarketshelves.Ifyoubuya

bananatoday,itisalmostcertainlyaCavendish”。題目信息“stillbeingusedasacommercialproduct”與原文中的“itreplacedtheGrosMichelonsupermarketshelves”以及“almostcertainlyaCavendish”直接相反，所以答案為False。13．Bananaisthemainfoodinsomecountries.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“mainfood”定位于原文第五段開(kāi)頭幾句話“HalfabillionpeopleinAsiaandAfricadependonbananas…Itsnameissynonymouswithfood…”。題目信息與原文是同義表達(dá)，所以答案為T(mén)rue。Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.CoastalArchaeologyofBritainTherecognitionofthewealthanddiversityofEngland’scoastalarchaeologyhasbeenoneofthemostimportantdevelopmentsofrecentyears.Someelementsofthisenormousresourcehavelongbeenknown.Theso-called‘submergedforests’offthecoastsofEngland,sometimeswithclearevidenceofhumanactivity,hadattractedtheinterestofantiquarianssinceatleasttheeighteenthcentury,butseriousandsystematicattentionhasbeengiventothearchaeologicalpotentialofthecoastonlysincetheearly1980s.Itispossibletotraceavarietyofcausesforthisconcentrationofeffortandinterest.Inthe1980sand1990sscientificresearchintoclimatechangeanditsenvironmentalimpactspilledoverintoamuchbroaderpublicdebateasawarenessoftheseissuesgrew;theprospectofrisingsealevelsoverthenextcentury,andtheirimpactoncurrentcoastalenvironments,hasbeenaparticularfocusforconcern.Atthesametimearchaeologistswerebeginningtorecognisethatthedestructioncausedbynaturalprocessesofcoastalerosionandbyhumanactivitywashavinganincreasingimpactonthearchaeologicalresourceofthecoast.ThedominantprocessaffectingthephysicalformofEnglandinthepost-glacialperiodhasbeentheriseinthealtitudeofsealevelrelativetotheland,astheglaciersmeltedandthelandmassreadjusted.Theencroachmentofthesea,thelossofhugeareasoflandnowundertheNorthSeaandtheEnglishChannel,andespeciallythelossofthelandbridgebetweenEnglandandFrance,whichfinallymadeBritainanisland,musthavebeenimmenselysignificantfactorsinthelivesofourprehistoricancestors.Yetthewayinwhichprehistoriccommunitiesadjustedtotheseenvironmentalchangeshasseldombeenamajorthemeindiscussionsoftheperiod.Onefactorcontributingtothishasbeenthat,althoughtheriseinrelativesealeveliscomparativelywelldocumented,weknowlittleabouttheconstantreconfigurationofthecoastline.Thiswasaffectedbymanyprocesses,mostlyquitelocalised,whichhavenotyetbeenadequatelyresearched.Thedetailedreconstructionofcoastlinehistoriesandthechangingenvironmentsavailableforhumanusewillbeanimportantthemeforfutureresearch.Sogreathasbeentheriseinsealevelandtheconsequentregressionofthecoastthatmuchofthe

archaeologicalevidencenowexposedinthecoastalzone,whetherbeingerodedorexposedasaburiedlandsurface,isderivedfromwhatwasoriginallyterrestrialoccupation.Itscurrentlocationinthecoastalzoneistheproductoflaterunrelatedprocesses,anditcantelluslittleaboutpastadaptationstothesea.Estimatesofitssignificancewillneedtobemadeinthecontextofotherrelatedevidencefromdrylandsites.Nevertheless,itsphysicalenvironmentmeansthatpreservationisoftenexcellent,forexampleinthecaseoftheNeolithicstructureexcavatedattheStumbleinEssex.Insomecasestheseburiedlandsurfacesdocontainevidenceforhumanexploitationofwhatwasacoastalenvironment,andelsewherealongthemoderncoastthereissimilarevidence.Wheretheevidencedoesrelatetopasthumanexploitationoftheresourcesandtheopportunitiesofferedbytheseaandthecoast,itisbothdiverseandasyetlittleunderstood.Wearenotyetinapositiontomakeevenpreliminaryestimatesofanswerstosuchfundamentalquestionsastheextenttowhichtheseaandthecoastaffectedhumanlifeinthepast,whatpercentageofthepopulationatanytimelivedwithinreachofthesea,orwhetherhumansettlementsincoastalenvironmentsshowedadistinctcharacterfromthoseinland.Themoststrikingevidenceforuseoftheseaisintheformofboats,yetwestillhavemuchtolearnabouttheirproductionanduse.Mostoftheknownwrecksaroundourcoastarenotunexpectedlyofpost-medievaldate,andofferanunparalleledopportunityforresearchwhichhasasyetbeenlittleused.Theprehistoricsewn-plankboatssuchasthosefromtheHumberestuaryandDoverallseemtobelongtothesecondmillenniumBC;afterthisthereisagapintherecordofamillennium,whichcannotyetbeexplained,beforeboatsreappear,butbuiltusingaverydifferenttechnology.Boatbuildingmusthavebeenanextremelyimportantactivityaroundmuchofourcoast,yetweknowalmostnothingaboutit.Boatsweresomeofthemostcomplexartefactsproducedbypre-modernsocieties,andfurtherresearchontheirproductionandusemakeanimportantcontributiontoourunderstandingofpastattitudestotechnologyandtechnologicalchange.Boatsneededlandingplaces,yethereagainourknowledgeisverypatchy.Inmanycasesthenaturalshoresandbeacheswouldhavesufficed,leavinglittleornoarchaeologicaltrace,butespeciallyinlaterperiods,manyportsandharbours,aswellassmallerfacilitiessuchasquays,wharves,andjetties,werebuilt.DespiteagrowthofinterestinthewaterfrontarchaeologyofsomeofourmoreimportantRomanandmedievaltowns,verylittleattentionhasbeenpaidtothemultitudeofsmallerlandingplaces.Redevelopmentofharboursitesandotherdevelopmentandnaturalpressuresalongthecoastaresubjectingtheseimportantlocationstounprecedentedthreats,yetfewsurveysofsuchsiteshavebeenundertaken.Oneofthemostimportantrevelationsofrecentresearchhasbeentheextentofindustrialactivityalongthecoast.Fishingandsaltproductionareamongthebetterdocumentedactivities,butevenhereourknowledgeispatchy.Manyformsoffishingwillleavelittlearchaeologicaltrace,andoneofthesurprisesofrecentsurveyhasbeentheextentofpastinvestmentinfacilitiesforprocuringfishandshellfish.Elaboratewoodenfishweirs,oftenofconsiderableextentandresponsivetoaerialphotographyinshallowwater,havebeenidentifiedinareassuchasEssexandtheSevernestuary.Theproductionofsalt,especiallyinthelateIronAgeandearly

Romanperiods,hasbeenrecognisedforsometime,especiallyintheThamesestuaryandaroundtheSolentandPooleHarbour,butthereasonsforthedeclineofthatindustryandthenatureoflatercoastalsaltworkingaremuchlesswellunderstood.Otherindustrieswerealsolocatedalongthecoast,eitherbecausetherawmaterialsoutcroppedthereorforeaseofworkingandtransport:mineralresourcessuchassand,gravel,stone,coal,ironstone,andalumwereallexploited.Theseindustriesarepoorlydocumented,buttheirremainsaresometimesextensiveandstriking.Someappreciationofthevarietyandimportanceofthearchaeologicalremainspreservedinthecoastalzone,albeitonlyinpreliminaryform,canthusbegainedfromrecentwork,butthecomplexityoftheproblemofmanagingthatresourceisalsobeingrealised.Theproblemarisesnotonlyfromthescaleandvarietyofthearchaeologicalremains,butalsofromtwoothersources:theveryvariednaturalandhumanthreatstotheresource,andthecomplexweboforganisationswithauthorityover,orinterestsin,thecoastalzone.Humanthreatsincludetheredevelopmentofhistorictownsandolddocklandareas,andtheincreasedimportanceofthecoastfortheleisureandtourismindustries,resultinginpressurefortheincreasedprovisionoffacilitiessuchasmarinas.Thelargersizeofferrieshasalsocausedanincreaseinthedamagecausedbytheirwashtofragiledepositsintheintertidalzone.Themostsignificantnaturalthreatisthepredictedriseinsealeveloverthenextcentury,especiallyinthesouthandeastofEngland.Itsimpactonarchaeologyisnoteasytopredict,andthoughitislikelytobehighlylocalised,itwillbeatascalemuchlargerthanthatofmostarchaeologicalsites.Thusprotectingonesitemaysimplyresultintransposingthethreattoapointfurtheralongthecoast.Themanagementofthearchaeologicalremainswillhavetobeconsideredinamuchlongertimescaleandamuchwidergeographicalscalethaniscommoninthecaseofdrylandsites,andthiswillposeaseriouschallengeforarchaeologists.Questions14-16ChoosethecorrectletterA,B,CorD.Writeyouranswersinboxes14-16onyouranswersheet.14．Whathascausedpublicinterestincoastalarchaeologyinrecentyears?A．TherapiddevelopmentofEngland’scoastalarchaeologyB．TherisingawarenessofclimatechangeC．ThediscoveryofanunderwaterforestD．Thesystematicresearchconductedoncoastalarchaeologicalfindings正確答案：B解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“publicinterestincostalarchaeology”和順序原則定位于原文第一段第四行“…h(huán)adattractedtheinterestofantiquarianssinceatleasttheeighteenthcentury,butseriousandsystematicattentionhasbeengiven…”。但是這種現(xiàn)象的原因并不位于第一段，而在第二段“Itispossibletotraceavarietyofcausesforthisconcentrationofeffortandinterest”后面的信息。后面主要講到人們開(kāi)始關(guān)注“costalarchaeology”是因?yàn)椤癱limatechangeanditsenvironmentalimpact”，因?yàn)椤皊ealevels”上漲影響了“costalenvironments”，于是更多的人意識(shí)到“coastalerosion”和“humanactivity”對(duì)“archaeologicalresourceofthecoast”有破壞作

用，這些信息都與選項(xiàng)B“therisingawarenessofclimatechange”相關(guān)，所以答案為B。15．Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttheevidenceofboats?A．There’senoughknowledgeoftheboatbuildingtechnologyoftheprehistoricpeople.B．Manyoftheboatsdiscoveredwerefoundinharbors.C．TheuseofboatshadnotbeenrecordedforathousandyearsD．Boatswerefirstusedforfishing.正確答案：C解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“boats”定位于原文第六段，這里提及了大量“boats”A“There’senoughknowledgeoftheboatbuildingtechnologyofthepre‐historicpeople”應(yīng)該排除，westillhavemuchtolearnabouttheirproductionanduse”直接相B“Manyoftheboatsdiscoveredwerefoundinharbors”也可以因?yàn)椤癶arbor”在第才出現(xiàn)，而且也沒(méi)是否在“harbor”發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量的D“Boatswerefirstusedforfishing”因?yàn)椤癴ishing”在第方面的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)因?yàn)槠渑c原文內(nèi)容“反。選項(xiàng)排除，七段有提及船。選項(xiàng)也應(yīng)該排除，八段才提到，講的是沿海人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，并沒(méi)提及船最初都是用作打漁的。所以答案為C?！癟heuseofboatshadnotbeenrecordedforathousandyears”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第六段第五行“afterthisthereisagapintherecordofamillennium…”。16．Whatcanbediscoveredfromtheair?A．SaltminesB．RomantownsC．HarborsD．Fisheries正確答案：D解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“fromtheair”定位于原文第woodenfishweirs,oftenofconsiderableextentandresponsivetoaerialphotographyinshallowwater…”，原文中的“aerialphotography”對(duì)應(yīng)題目信息“discoveredfromtheair”。原文信息“Elaboratewoodenfishweirs”與選項(xiàng)D“fisheries”直接對(duì)應(yīng)，D。八段第四句“Elaborate所以答案為DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage2?Inboxes17-23onyouranswersheetwriteTRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis17．Englandlostmuchofitslandaftertheice-ageduetotherisingsealevel.A．TRUEB．FALSE

C．NotGiven正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“aftertheice‐age”和“risingsealevel”定位于原文第…inthepost‐glacialperiod…theriseinthealtitudeofsealevel…三段前兩句話“Theencroachmentofthesea,thelossofhugeareasoflandnowundertheNorthSeaandtheEnglishChannel…”，題目信息“aftertheice‐age”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“post‐glacialperiod”，題目?jī)?nèi)容是原文的簡(jiǎn)單歸納，所以答案為T(mén)rue。18．ThecoastlineofEnglandhaschangedperiodically.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：B解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“thecoastlineofEngland”和順序原則定位于原文第三段倒數(shù)第四行“theconstantreconfigurationofthecoastline”，題目信息“changedperiodically”與原文中的“constantreconfiguration”直接相反，所以答案為False。19．Coastalarchaeologicalevidencemaybewell-protectedbyseawater.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“well‐protectedbysea‐water”定位于原文第四段倒itsphysicalenvironmentmeansthatpreservationisoftenexcellent”，題目信息“well‐protectedbysea‐water”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“preservationisoftenexcellent”。題目信息為T(mén)rue。數(shù)第二行“與原文是同義表達(dá)，所以答案20．Thedesignofboatsusedbypre-modernpeoplewasverysimple.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：B解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“thedesignofboats”和“原文第六段倒數(shù)第四行“Boatsweresomeofthemostcomplexartefactsproducedbypre‐modernsocieties”，題目信息“verysimple”與原文中的“themostcomplexartefacts”直接相反，所以答案為False。pre‐modernpeople”定位于21．SimilarboatswerealsodiscoveredinmanyotherEuropeancountries.A．TRUEB．FALSE

C．NotGiven正確答案：C解析：原文沒(méi)有找到“otherEuropeancountries”和在其他歐洲國(guó)家發(fā)現(xiàn)類似船只的信息，所以答案為NotGiven。22．Therearefewdocumentsrelatingtomineralexploitation.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“mineralexploitation”定位于原文第八段倒數(shù)第三行“mineralresourcessuchassand,gravel,stone,coal,ironstone,andalumwereallexploited.Theseindustriesarepoorlydocumented…”，題目信息“fewdocuments”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“poorlydocumented”，所以答案為T(mén)rue。23．Largepassengerboatsarecausingincreasingdamagetotheseashore.A．TRUEB．FALSEC．NotGiven正確答案：A解析：利用細(xì)節(jié)信息“l(fā)argepassengerboats”和順序原則定位于原文最后一段倒數(shù)第十行“Thelargersizeofferrieshasalsocausedanincreaseinthedamagecausedbytheirwashtofragiledepositsintheintertidalzone”，題目信息“passengerboats”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“ferries”，題目信息“intertidalzone”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“seashore”。題目與原文是同義表達(dá)，所以答案為T(mén)rue。ChooseTHREElettersA-GWriteyouranswerinboxes24-26onyouranswersheet.WhichTHREEofthefollo