現(xiàn)噸市安達(dá)陽光實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高三英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)：冠詞復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：冠詞的復(fù)習(xí)與運(yùn)用冠詞的用法：冠詞：冠詞（the）不冠詞（弘an）一、冠詞的基本用法冠詞的特指用法1）冠詞的特指用法通常都是確的特指，比如：重提上文提到過的人或物時，要用冠詞：Isawagirlandanoldmaninthehouse.Theoldmanmustbethegirl?sgrandfather.Heorderedsomebookslastmonth.Thebookshavenowarrived.2）在名詞詞組中，如果名詞之后帶有限制性語或其前帶有最形容詞，要用冠詞：IsthisthetrainforShanghai?Theflowersinhergardensmellfragrant.Hereisthelettertobeposted.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.3）當(dāng)講到說話人和聽話人都知道的人或物時，要用冠詞：I'mjustbackfromthemarket.Hasthepostnwibeenhere?4）當(dāng)名詞前帶有first,next,last,same,only表示獨(dú)特含義的詞語時,要用冠詞：WhenisthenextflighttoBeijing?Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.ThisistheonlycopyIhaveevercollected.冠詞的類指用法1）用“冠詞+單數(shù)名詞”可指整個類別，區(qū)別于另一個類別：Thetigerandthecatbelongtothesamefamilyofmammals.Thebookisusedfortheteacher,notforthestudent.2）“用冠詞+表示國籍的形容詞”可指整個或國人。TheEnglishhavehadlongtraderelationswiththeChinese.3）“用冠詞+形容詞”可指一類人。theblind;thedying;thelearned4）“冠詞+某些復(fù)數(shù)名詞”可指一的階級，階層或外國人。Hesayshekeepsawayfromthelawyersandthedoctors.冠詞的其他用法1）在表示某些獨(dú)一無二的事物時，要用冠詞：thesun,themoon,theearth,thenorthernpole,theequator2）在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群島，山脈，沙漠，海峽的專有名詞前，要用冠詞。theWestLake,theAtlantic,theChangjiangriver在樂器名稱前，要用冠詞TomplayedthepianoandIplayedtheviolin.在表示某一家人的專有名詞前，要用冠詞。TheBrownshavearrived.用在表示單位的名詞前Hegetspaidbytime.*Hegetspaidbytheday/bythehour.二、不冠詞的基本用法不冠詞a,an用于泛指和類指。不冠詞的泛指用法Theyliveinahouse.不冠詞的類指用法不冠詞與單數(shù)名詞搭配可類指，即指同類的人或物中的任何一個。Acarmustbeinsured.Achildneedslove.*要注意區(qū)別“不冠詞+單數(shù)名詞”的類指用法與泛指用法，這要依上下文來判。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHeboughtanEnglishdietionary.()HeneedsanEnglishdietionary.()Achildcametomyroom.()Achildmustbeeducatedinsomeway.不冠詞的指量用法不冠詞在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中有“一個”的含義，屬于指量用法：Iwillbebackinadayortwo.Acarruns80kilometersanhour.三、零冠詞的用法“零冠詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞”可用于泛指。Pencils,pens,andpiecesofpaperwerespreadalloverthetable.ThismorningIonlyhadmilkforbreakfast.零冠詞的類指用法：“零冠詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，側(cè)重指類別中的許多個體。Tractorshavetakentheplaceofhorses.“零冠詞+抽象名詞或物質(zhì)名詞”也可類指。Practicemakesperfect.*零冠詞也可與表示家庭成員的單數(shù)名詞搭配作確特指。Maryasked"WhyisFatheroutofwork?^Teacherwaspleasedwithourwork.零冠詞的其他用法：*在表示餐食，交通工具，通訊工具的名詞之前，通常用零冠詞。AfterlunchIusuallytakeanap.Iusuallytravelbytrain,notbyair.Hesentthemessagenotbypost,butbyradio.A.an,theA.an,theB./,theC.an,/D.the,*在表示四季，年月，周日，時間的名詞之前，通常用零冠詞。Springhascomearoundagain.InFebruary,itisalreadyverywarminHainan.OnSundayIusuallytakemychildrentothepark.*表示頭銜、職位的名詞前。Whoiscaptainofyourtearn?Johnwaselectedchairmanofthecommittee.*turn作系動詞時，后面的名詞前不用冠詞。Hewasamedicalstudentbeforeheturnedwriter.【典型例題】［例1］（卷11）19.［例1］（卷11）19.CouldyoutellmethewaytoJohnsons,please?Sorry,wedon'thaveJohnsonherethevillage.A.the;theB.the;aC./Sorry,wedon'thaveJohnsonherethevillage.A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/答案：B,［例2］（卷［例2］（卷）22.IlookedunderbedandfoundbookIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the:theC.不填；theD.the；不填答案：B,［例3］（卷）3.Iwantedtocatchearlytrain,butcouldn?tgetridetothestation.a答案：D,［例4］（）24.Gorgecouldn?trememberwhenhefirstmetMt.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a答案：C,［例5］（卷）22.HowaboutChristmaseveningparty?Ishouldsayitwassuccess.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;不填D.the;不填答案：B,［例6］（卷）22.Howabouttakingshortbreak?Iwanttomakecall.A.the；aB.a；theC.the；theD.a；a答案：D,［例7］（卷）17.InfilmCastAway.TomHanksplaysmannamedChuckNoland.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a答案：B,［例8］（卷）4.Ilikecolorofyourskirt.Itisgoodmatchforyourblouse.6.Thesoldierwaswoundedin6.Thesoldierwaswoundedin,buthecaughttheenemyofficerA.A;aB.The;A.A;aB.The;不填C.The;aD.A;不填A(yù).a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;theA.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the答案：C［例9］（卷）23.Polarbearslivemostlyonseaice,whichtheyuseasplatfonnforhuntingseals.A.a;aB.a;theC.不填；aD.the;不填答案：C［例10］（卷）26.Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;a答案：A［例11］（卷）21.Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbesuccess.A./…aB.the…/C.the…aD.a…a答案：C［例12］（卷）21.Christmasisspecialholidaywhenwholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.A.the,theB.a,aC.the,aD.a,the答案：D［例13］（卷）21.walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobringpackedlunch.

答案：c【模擬試題】-、單選題phonewhilewewereall1.Johnspenttoomuchtimetalkingonphonewhilewewereallbusyatwork.C./;/D.the;A.the;/C./;/D.the;the2.Youcanhavesecondtryifyoufailfirsttime.C.the;aD.a;the3.Ididn?ttellhimnewsatonce2.Youcanhavesecondtryifyoufailfirsttime.C.the;aD.a;the3.Ididn?ttellhimnewsatoncebecauseIwantedtogivehimsurprise.A.a;aB.the;theC.the;aD./;theWhoisyourEnglishteacher?Mr.White,EuropeanworkinginNanjingUniversity.A.an;theB.a;theC.an;/D.a;isthelargestoceanandisthelargestoceanandWhenwestudyaglobe,wecanseethelargestcontinent.A.thePacific;AsiaB.Pacific;theAsiaC.thePacific;theAsiaD.Pacific;Asiabyby12.Tinalooksespeciallyprettytonight.A.A./B.theC.amongD.17.WhatwasMaryonce?A.theknee;thearmB.hisknee;hisarmYes,shealwayslooksherbestinofthatcolor.C.hisknee;thearmD.theknee;hisarmA.dressB.adressC.thatdressD.7.Accordingtotherecentreports,oneoftherareanimals,thedresscrocodile,isindangerofdyingout.13.WeelectedTommonitorofourclassforsecondtime.A.the;theB.the;/C./;D.A./;aB.the;aC.the;theD./;thea;a8.Idon'tknowwhoinventedtelescope,butIthinkitis14.Child,don'tworrytoomuchaboutmistakes.They'remostusefulinvention.naturalpartoflearningsomething.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;theA.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;D.a;a9.Thingsofkindcometogether;peopleofamindfallinto15.Where'sKate?samegroup.Isupposeshe'sstillinbed,butshemightjustbeinA.a;aB.a;theC.the;thedining-room.D.the;aA./;theB./;C.the;/D.10.WemustpayspecialattentiontotheidiomsofEnglishthe;thelanguage.16.Judgingfromnumberofcars,onlysmallnumberofpeopleA.theB.someC.anD./havecometotheconference.11.MybrotherandIwantedtoseethenewplay,butweweren'tableA.a;theB.a;C.the;theD.the;togettheticketsfortwoofus.betweenShewasprofessorofmedicinebeforesheturnedwriter.listeningtoA./,themusic.A.a;theB.a;/C.the;/D.B./,/C.the,/D.the;thethe,the18.——Iheartheworkersinhisfactoryarepaidbyweek.24.Beyondstars,theastronautsawnothingbut_space.Correct,andmostofthemgetabout400yuan____week.A.the,/B./,theC./,/D.A.the;aB.a;theC./;aD.the;the,the/25.AlexanderGrahamBellinvented__telephonein1876.19.Couldyoudome_favortoturnonthelight?A./B.aC.theD.oneA.aB.theC./D.some26.Hesawthroughthelittleboy'stricks.20.ShearrivedherebywayofHongKong.InwayherhealthA.atglanceB.attheglanceC.atsomeglanceD.ismuchimproved,butshestilldoesn'tfeelwell.ataglanceA./;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;27.Manypeoplearestillin_habitofwritingsillythingisnthepublicplaces.21.Irememberthewriterlivesinwest,soweshouldhead____A.the,theB./,/C.the,/D./,west.theA.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;28.Sheisnewcomertochemistry,butshehasalreadymade/someimportantdiscoveries.22.Youhavemissed“n”inyourspellingofwordA.the,theB.the,/C.a,/D.a,“government”.theA.an;aB.an;theC.a;theD.29.——I'dlikeinformationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,the;/please.23.AliceisfondofplayingpianowhileHerryisinterestedinWell,youcouldhavewordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.some,aB.an,someC.some,someD.an,aManypeopleagreethatknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltradetoday.a;不填B.the;anC.the;theD.不填；the二單詞拼寫根據(jù)所給句子意思以及漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列各所缺單詞的正確形式。Shehadacquiredmuch（智慧）duringherlonglife.Wealllikehimthoughheisapersonwithmanys.Ifyoucanovercomeyourp,you'11succeedhere.Aneclipseofthemoon（月蝕）isararep.Hewas（征召入伍）intothearmylastyear.Theorganizationdfoodandblanketstotheearthquakevictims.WhenIwasillIcompletelylostmy（食欲、胃口）.Thecompanyhas（談判、洽談、協(xié)商）anewcontractwiththemanagement.Ihavereadyourproposalandgivensomeseriousttoit.Thereport（矛盾）whatweheardyesterday.三、閱讀理解Manyteenagersfeelthatthemostimportantpeopleintheirlivesaretheirfriends.Theybelievethattheirfamilymembers,especiallytheirparents,don'tknowthemaswellastheirfriendsdo.Inlargefamilies,itisoftenforbrothersandsisterstofightwitbachotherandthentheycanonlygototheirfriendsforadvice.Itisveryimportantforteenagerstohaveonegoodfriendormanyfriends.Evenwhentheyarenotwiththeirfriends,theyusuallyspendalotoftimetalkingamongthemselvesonthephone.Thiscommunicationisveryimportantinchildren^sgrowingup,becausefriendscandiscusssomethingdifficuIttosaytotheirfamilymembers.However,parentsoftentrytochoosefriendsfortheirchildren.Someparentsmayevenstoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.Thequestionof"choice"isaninterestingone.Haveyoueverthoughtofthefollowingquestions?Whochoosesyourfriends?Doyouchooseyourf