南京師范大學(xué)電氣與自動(dòng)化工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文南京師范大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）（2012屆）英文資料翻譯題目：基于PLC的電鍍生產(chǎn)線控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院：電氣與自動(dòng)化工程學(xué)院專業(yè)：電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化姓名：邱吉龍學(xué)號(hào)：21081125指導(dǎo)教師：靳衛(wèi)平完成日期：2012.3.111英文資料翻譯PLCquestionPLCwhichshouldpayattentionintheapplicationisspeciallythecdevicewhichservesfortheindustrialproduction,usuallydoesnotneedanymeasure,mayusedirectlyintheindustryenvironment.But,whentheproductionenvironmentistoobad,theelectromagneticinterferenceisspecialintense,orinstallsusesimproper,cannotguaranteePLCthenormalopethereforeshouldpayattentiontothefollowingquestionintheuse.First,SiemensPLCmaintenancemaintenanceprocedures,equipment,periodictesting,adjustmentprovis(1)half-yearlyorquarterlyinspectionPLCcabinetterminalconnections,andiftimetore-loosestronglocalconnection;(2)ofthecabinettothehostpowersupplyvoltageofthemonthlyrework;theprovisionsofcleaningequipmentonaregularbasiseverysixmonthsoraquarterofthePLCtoclean,cutoffpowerPLCpowersupplytothepowerrack,CPUboardandinput/outputboardinturnberemovedtopurge,cleanandtheninturninstalledinsitu,willresumeevacuationcallandstartthehostPLC.PLCboxcarefullysweepinghealth;everythreemonthstoreplacethepowerrackbelowthefilter;3、maintenancepreparation,maintenanceoforder(1)readybeforemaintentools;(2)Toprotectthecomponentsandthetemplatedoesnotfunctionndamage,mustbeprotectiondevicesandseriouspreparationsforanti-stat(3)maintenanceschedulingandoperatorcontactbeforeandwell,beltooverhaullicensingofficehungmaintenancecard;equipmentandmethodofdisassemblysequencedowntime,mustbetwoormoremonitoringoperation;thewaytheCPUonthefrontpanelselectswitchfromthe"Run"to"stop"position;ClosethePLCpowersupplymains,andthenclosetheothertothepowersupplymoduleOsaka;connectedtothepowersupplyrackpowercordclearlinenumberinmindandremovethelinklocation,thenremovethepowerrackandrackscconnected,powerrackcanberemoved;CPUmotherboardandI/0boardinthebottomofthescrewrotaaftertemplateremoved;installedinreverseorder;maintenanceprocessandtechnicalrequirementsmeasurevoltage,useadigitalvoltmeteroraccuracyof1%ofthemultimeter,measurethepowerrack,CPUboardcanonlyberemovedwhenthemainpowecutoff;RAMmoduletoremoveorinserttheCPUfromtheCPUpriortodisconnectthePC'spowersupply,soastoensurethedataisnotconfused(4)beforeremovingRAMmodules,checkthebatterymoduleisworkingcorrectly,ifthebatteryfaultlightisremovedwhenthePAMmodulecontebelost;input/outputboardshouldberemovedbeforethefirsturnoffthemains,butiftheproductionofnecessaryI/0boardscanberemovedatrprogrammablecontrollers,buttheCPUboardQVZ(overtime)lights;pluggabletemplate,tobemorecareful,gently,andthegoodssoutofstaticelectricity;thereplacementofcomponentsnotliveaction;MaintenancemustbeplacedafterthetemplateinstalledinplaceSecond,installmentandwiringThepowerline,thepilotwireaswellasthePLCpowerlineandlineshoulddistinguishthewiring,betweentheinsulatingtransformeraandI/Oshouldusethedoublerubberizedwireconnection.PLCshouldbefarawayfromthestrongjammingsourcelikeelecweldingmachine,thehighefficiencysiliconrectifierunitandthelarge-scalepowerequipment,cannotinstallwiththehigh-pressuredelectricappliancidenticalswitchcabinet.TheinputandoutputofPLCarebestseparatetheline,theswitchquantityandthesimulationquantitymustseparatetheplacing.Thesimuquantitysignal'stransmissionshouldusetheshieldedwire,theshieldshouldanendorthebothsidesearth,andtheearthresistanceshouldbthantheshieldinglayerresistance1/10.ThePLCelementalareaandtheexpansionunitaswellasfunctiomodule'stiescableshouldliealone,preventstheoutsidesignalthedisTheexchangeoutputlineandthedirect-currentoutputlinedontheidenticalrootelectriccable,theoutputlinetobefarawayfromthehightensionlineandthepowerlineasfaraspossible,avoidsparallel.Third,I/Oendwiring1、Inputwiring(1)inputsthewiringnottosurpass30metersgenerally.Butiftheenvironmentdisturbanceissmall,whenthelossofvoltageisnotbig,twiringmaysuitablelong.(2)Inputs/theoutputlinenottobeabletousetheidenticalrootelectriccable,theinput/outputlinetobeseparated.(3)Usesthenormallyopenedcontactformtoconnecttheinputendaspossible,causestheestablishmentthetrapezoidalcharttobeconsistentrelayschematicdiagram,isadvantageousforreading.2、OutgoingjunctionTheout-putwiringdividesintotheindependentoutputandtheoutput.Innotgroup,mayusethedifferenttypeandthevoltageclassoutputvoltage.Butcanonlyusetheidenticaltype,theidenticalvoltageclasspowersourceintheidenticalgroup'soutput.BecausethePLCoutputelementissealedontheprintcircuitwafconnectstotheterminalstrip,ifwillconnectoutputelement'sloadshowillburndowntheprintcircuitwafer,therefore,applicationfuseprotectionoutputelement.(3)Useswhentherelayoutputs,withstandsinductiveload'ssize,wilrelay'sservicelife,therefore,timeuseinductiveloadtheselectiverelifemustbelong.ThePLCoutputloadpossiblyhasthedisturbance,mustthereforethemeasuretocontrol,ifdirect-currentoutput'safterflowguaranteestheexchangeoutputanti-accommodatestheabsorbingcircuit,thetransisthebidirectionalthrusteroutputby-passedresistorprotection.Fourth,outsidesecurityelectriccircuittoguaranteethattheoveracanunderthesecurestatethereliablework,avoids,becausetheexternsupplybreaksdown,PLCtopresenttheheavyeconomiclosswhichandthepersoncasualtyexceptionally,thedisoperationaswellasoutputsbymistakecreates,PLCtheoutsideshouldinstalltheessentialprotectioncircuit.(1)Stopstheelectriccircuitanxiously.Regardingcancausetheusertocausethedamagethedangerousload,besidesperformsinthecontrolproctoconsider,butalsoexteriorshoulddesigntheemergencystopelectriccauseswhenPLCbreaksdown,cancausetheinjuryloadpowersourcerelitoshutoff.(2)Fragment.Theforwardandreverserevolutionandsoonreversibleoperation'scontrolsystemmustestablishtheexteriorelectricapplianceprotection;thereciprocationmovesandrisesandfallsmotionthecontromustestablishtheexteriorspacingprotectioncircuit.(3)Theprogrammablecontrollerhasself-checkingfunctionsandsoonsurveillancetimer,wheninspectsexceptionally,outputscompletelythecButwhenprogrammablecontrollerCPUbreakdowncannotcontroltheoutputtherefore,regardingcancausetheusertocausethedamagethedangeroutoguaranteethattheequipmentmovesunderthesecurestate,mustdesiexternalcircuittoprotect.Powersourceloadprotection.IfthePLCpowersourcebreaksdown,interruptionintervalisshortin10seconds,PLCworksnotaffected,ifsourceinterruptsurpasses10secondorthepowersourcedropssurpassesthepermissiblevalue,thenthePLCstopwork,alloutputalsoseparates;wpowersourcerestores,ifRUNinputconnection,thenoperatescarriesonautomatically.Therefore,toestablishtheessentialcurrentlimitingprotectioncircuittosomeeasyover-loading'sinputdevice.Significantbreakdownwarningandprotection.Regardingeasytoheavyaccident'splace,toguaranteethecontrolsystemwhentheheavyacoccursstillthereliablewarningandtheprotection,shouldhavewiththesignificantbreakdownthecontactingsignaltooutputthroughtheexternacausedthecontrolsystemtomoveunderthesafecondition.Fifth,PLCearththegoodearthisguaranteedthatthePLCreliablewimportantcondition,mayavoidtheheterogameticthevoltagesurgeharm.meetsthegroundingandmachine'sgroundterminaldocking,meetsthegroundingthecross-sectionalareashouldnottobesmallerthan2mm2,theresistanceissmallerthan100Ω;Ifmustusetheexpansionunit,itsgroundpointshouldacceptaftercheckingwiththeelementalareaearthinthesamepordertosuppressaddsinthepowersourceandtheinputend,out-port'sdisturbance,shouldjoinsthespecial-purposegroundingtoPLC,thegroundpointshouldwiththepowerequipment(forexampleelectricalmachinerygroundpointseparate;Ifcannotmeetthiskindofrequirements,mustachievewiththeotherequipmentpublicearth,forbidstoestablishcontactstheearthwithotherequipment.ThegroundpointshouldapproachPLCasfaraspossSixth,theredundantsystemandhotbackupsysteminprofessioninaonpetroleum,chemicalindustry,metallurgycertainsystems,therequestdevicehastheextremelyhighreliability.Ifthecontrolsystembreaksdcreatetheproductionsuspension,therawmaterialmassivewastesortheequipmenttrouble,willcreatetheenormouseconomiclosstotheenterprisdependsontheenhancementcontrolsystemhardware'sreliabilitytosatiaboverequestisonlynotenough,becausethePLCitselfreliableenhanchascertainlimit.Usestheredundantsystemorthehotbackupsystemcantheaboveproblemquiteeffectively.(1)Redundancycontrolsysteminredundancycontrolsystem,entirePcontrolsystem(orinsystemmostimportantpart,iftheCPUmodule)oftofidenticalsystemcomposition.TwoCPUmoduleusesameuserprogrammulti-tasking,oneisadvocatesCPU,anotherisspareCPU;advocatesthework,butthespareCPUoutputisforbidden,whenadvocatesCPUbreaksdospareCPUautomaticinvestmentmovement.ThiscutprocessiscontrolledbytheredundancyprocessingunitRPU,theswitchingtimein1~3scanningpetheI/Osystem'scutisalsocompletesbyRPU.(2)Hotbackupsysteminthehotbackupsystem,twoCPUwiththecommunicationconnectionconnectsintogether,whichisatcirculartelegramcondition.Whenthesystempresentsthebreakdown,advocatesCPUinformsspareCPUtomakethespareCPUwork.Thiscutprocessisnottoogenerquick,butitsstructureissimplerthantheredundantsystem.可編程序控制器(PLC)問題可編程序控制器(PLC)的應(yīng)用中應(yīng)該注意的是專為控制裝置,用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn),通常不需要采取任何措施,可以直接使用在工業(yè)環(huán)境。但是,當(dāng)生產(chǎn)環(huán)境太糟了,電磁干擾是特別強(qiáng)烈,或安裝使用不當(dāng),不能保證可編程序控制器(PLC)的正常運(yùn)行,所以要注意以下問題在使用。第一、西門子PLC的維護(hù)維護(hù)程序、設(shè)備、定期檢測(cè)、調(diào)整的規(guī)定(1)每半年或每季度檢查半年終端連接PLC柜,如果時(shí)間re-loose強(qiáng)大的本地連接;(2)內(nèi)閣的主機(jī)的電源電壓re-survey每月工作;規(guī)定定期清洗設(shè)備(1)每六個(gè)月或季度對(duì)可編程序控制器(PLC)進(jìn)行清洗,切斷電源,電源的可編程序控制器(PLC)為電力網(wǎng)架、CPU板和輸入/輸出板反過來遷到清洗,清洗,然后依次安裝在原地,將所有環(huán)節(jié)重新啟動(dòng)主機(jī)疏散電話和可編程序控制器(PLC)。認(rèn)真清掃可編程序控制器(PLC)箱內(nèi)衛(wèi)生;(2)每三個(gè)月更換電源濾波架下。檢修前準(zhǔn)備、檢修規(guī)程檢修前準(zhǔn)備好工具；為保障元件的功能不出故障及模板不損壞，必須用保護(hù)裝置及認(rèn)真作防靜電準(zhǔn)備工作；檢修前與調(diào)度和操作工聯(lián)系好，需掛檢修牌處掛好檢修牌；4、設(shè)備拆裝順序及方法停機(jī)檢修，必須兩個(gè)人以上監(jiān)護(hù)操作；把CPU前面板上的方式選擇開關(guān)從“運(yùn)行”轉(zhuǎn)到“?！蔽恢?；關(guān)閉PLC供電的總電源，然后關(guān)閉其它給模坂供電的電源；把與電源架相連的電源線記清線號(hào)及連接位置后拆下，然后拆下電源機(jī)架與機(jī)柜相連的螺絲，電源機(jī)架就可拆下；CPU主板及I/0板可在旋轉(zhuǎn)模板下方的螺絲后拆下；安裝時(shí)以相反順序進(jìn)行；檢修工藝及技術(shù)要求測(cè)量電壓時(shí)，要用數(shù)字電壓表或精度為1%的萬能表測(cè)量電源機(jī)架，CPU主板都只能在主電源切斷時(shí)取下；在RAM模塊從CPU取下或插入CPU之前，要斷開PC的電源，這樣才能保證數(shù)據(jù)不混亂；在取下RAM模塊之前，檢查一下模塊電池是否正常工作，如果電池故障燈亮?xí)r取下模塊PAM內(nèi)容將丟失；輸入/輸出板取下前也應(yīng)先關(guān)掉總電源，但如果生產(chǎn)需要時(shí)I/0板也可在可編程控制器運(yùn)行時(shí)取下，但CPU板上的QVZ（超時(shí)）燈亮；撥插模板時(shí)，要格外小心，輕拿輕放，并運(yùn)離產(chǎn)生靜電的物品更換元件不得帶電操作；檢修后模板安裝一定要安插到位第二、安裝與布線(1)電源線上,飛行員電線以及PLC電力線路和I/O線接線應(yīng)區(qū)別之間的絕緣變壓器和可編程序控制器(PLC)和I/O應(yīng)該采用雙塑膠線連接。(2)可編程序控制器(PLC)應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離強(qiáng)干擾來源如電焊機(jī)、高效率硅整流單元和大型電力設(shè)備,不能設(shè)置與高壓電器在同一開關(guān)柜。(3)PLC的輸入與輸出最好分開走線，開關(guān)量與模擬量也要分開敷設(shè)。模擬量信號(hào)的傳送應(yīng)采用屏蔽線，屏蔽層應(yīng)一端或兩端接地，接地電阻應(yīng)小于屏蔽層電阻的1/10。(4)可編程序控制器(PLC)基本單元與擴(kuò)展單元以及功能模塊的連接線纜應(yīng)單獨(dú)敷設(shè)，以防止外界信號(hào)的干擾。(5)交流輸出線和直流輸出線不要用同一根電纜，輸出線應(yīng)盡量遠(yuǎn)離高壓線和動(dòng)力線，避免并行。第三、I/O端的接線輸入接線(1)輸入接線不得超過30米一般。但如果環(huán)境干擾小,當(dāng)電壓損失不大,輸入接線可能合適的長(zhǎng)。(2)輸入/輸出行不能夠使用同一根電纜、輸入/輸出線被隔離。(3)采用通常的聯(lián)系方式連接打開輸入端的盡可能地使建立符合梯形圖原理圖的傳遞,便于閱讀。外向交界處(1)的輸出布線分為獨(dú)立輸出和公眾的輸出。在不組,也許會(huì)使用不同的類型和電壓等級(jí)的輸出電壓。但只能使用相同的類型、同一電壓等級(jí)在同一組電源的輸出。(2)由于PLC輸出元素是密封在平面電路晶片,并與終端的地帶,如果連接元素的負(fù)載輸出短路、用火焚燒印刷電路晶片,因此,應(yīng)用保險(xiǎn)絲保護(hù)輸出元素。(3)使用當(dāng)接力輸出,承受感性負(fù)載的大小,會(huì)影響傳遞的使用壽命,因此,使用選擇性感性負(fù)載繼電器工作生活一定很長(zhǎng)。(4)PLC輸出負(fù)