來(lái)華預(yù)科留學(xué)生漢字學(xué)習(xí)策略調(diào)查研究摘要：

漢字作為中文的重要組成部分，對(duì)來(lái)華預(yù)科留學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)具有決定性的作用。本研究旨在探討不同文化背景下的留學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢字的策略和方法，并從角度出發(fā)尋找適應(yīng)不同文化背景下漢字學(xué)習(xí)的最佳教學(xué)方法。本研究采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法和實(shí)踐教學(xué)法相結(jié)合，通過(guò)對(duì)來(lái)華預(yù)科留學(xué)生的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和實(shí)際學(xué)生漢字學(xué)習(xí)情況進(jìn)行分析，得出結(jié)論如下：首先，文化差異是影響留學(xué)生漢字學(xué)習(xí)的重要因素；其次，多樣化的教學(xué)方法和策略對(duì)留學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助；最后，學(xué)生自身積極性和教師的指導(dǎo)也對(duì)學(xué)生的漢字學(xué)習(xí)有很大影響。為了提高留學(xué)生漢字學(xué)習(xí)的效果和質(zhì)量，教育者們應(yīng)該采用針對(duì)性強(qiáng)、個(gè)性化教學(xué)、多元化的教學(xué)方法和策略，尊重學(xué)生文化差異，提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢字的興趣和積極性，使?jié)h字學(xué)習(xí)成為留學(xué)生們成功學(xué)習(xí)中文的重要環(huán)節(jié)。

關(guān)鍵詞：來(lái)華留學(xué)生；漢字學(xué)習(xí)；文化差異；教學(xué)策略；個(gè)性化教學(xué)

Abstract:

AsanimportantpartofChineselanguage,ChinesecharactersplayadecisiveroleinthelanguagelearningofinternationalstudentsstudyinginChina.ThisstudyaimstoexplorethestrategiesandmethodsoflearningChinesecharactersforinternationalstudentsfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds,andtofindthebestteachingmethodsforChinesecharacterlearningthroughateachingpracticeperspective.Thisstudycombinessurveyresearchandpracticalteachingmethods,analyzesthesurveydataofinternationalstudentsinChinaandtheiractualChinesecharacterlearningsituations,drawingthefollowingconclusions:firstly,culturaldifferencesareimportantfactorsaffectingtheChinesecharacterlearningofinternationalstudents;secondly,diverseteachingmethodsandstrategiesarehelpfultothestudents'learning;finally,studentinitiativeandteacherguidancehaveasignificantimpactonstudents'Chinesecharacterlearning.ToimprovetheeffectivenessandqualityofChinesecharacterlearningforinternationalstudents,educatorsshouldadoptteachingmethodsandstrategiesthataretargeted,personalizedanddiversified,respectculturaldifferencesamongstudents,andenhancestudents'interestandinitiativeinChinesecharacterlearning,makingChinesecharacterlearninganimportantpartofsuccessfulChineselanguagelearningforinternationalstudents.

Keywords:internationalstudentsstudyinginChina;Chinesecharacterlearning;culturaldifferences;teachingstrategies;personalizedteaching.AsthenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginChinaincreases,Chineselanguagelearninghasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Chinesecharacterlearning,inparticular,iscrucialforinternationalstudentstobeproficientinthelanguage.However,duetoculturaldifferences,teachingstrategiesneedtobealteredtoensureeffectivelearningforinternationalstudents.

Oneteachingmethodthatcouldbeadoptedistargetedteaching.Differentinternationalstudentshavedifferentbackgroundsandlearningexperiencesintheirmothertongues.Therefore,cateringtotheirindividualneedsandpaceoflearningcanhelpimprovetheirChinesecharacterlearning.Teachersshouldadapttheirteachingstylestothestudents’learninghabitsandprovidefeedbacktohelpthemimprove.

PersonalizedteachingisanotherstrategythatcanenhanceChinesecharacterlearning.Byencouragingstudentstolearnattheirownpaceandgivingthemengagingandchallengingtasks,studentscandevelopaninterestinChinesecharacterlearning.Thiscanbeachievedthroughinteractiveandmultimediaresources,suchasmobileapplications,onlineresources,andgames.Thesetoolscanhelpteacherstailorlessonstothestudents’interestsandkeepthemengaged.

DiversityisimportantinteachingChinesecharacters.Culturaldifferencesamongstudentscallfortheuseofteachingmaterialsthatarediverseandinclusive.Teacherscanuseexamplesthatrelatetodifferentculturesandincorporatetheculturalbackgroundsofinternationalstudentstoenhancetheirlearning.Thiswillcreateapositivelearningenvironmentandhelpthestudentstoeasilycomprehendandrelatetolearningmaterials.

Inconclusion,adoptingteachingmethodsandstrategiesthataretargeted,personalized,anddiversifiedcanhelpinternationalstudentsstudyinginChinalearnChinesecharactersmoreeffectively.Teachersshouldbesensitivetoculturaldifferencesandcreatealearningenvironmentthatisinclusiveandengaging.BymakingChinesecharacterlearninganimportantpartofsuccessfulChineselanguagelearning,internationalstudentscanbecomeproficientinChineseandbeabletocommunicateeffectivelyinthelanguage.Inadditiontotargeted,personalized,anddiversifiedmethods,thereareotherstrategiesthatinternationalstudentscanusetolearnChinesecharactersmoreeffectively.Forexample,studentsshouldpracticewritingChinesecharactersmultipletimes,asrepetitioniscriticalinretainingnewknowledge.Additionally,studyingChinesecharactersincontextcanhelpstudentsunderstandtheirmeaningmoreeasily.Learninghowtowritecharactersbyunderstandingtheirstructureandcomponentscanalsobebeneficial.

AnotherimportantstrategyforlearningChinesecharactersistodevelopastudyplanandschedule.Bysettingrealisticgoalsandbreakingupthelearningprocessintomanageablechunks,studentscanmakeprogressattheirownpace.ThiscanreducefeelingsofoverwhelmandhelpstudentsstaymotivatedastheyworktowardsmasteringChinesecharacters.

Furthermore,usingtechnologytosupportChinesecharacterlearningcanbehelpful.Onlinelearningplatforms,apps,andwebsitessuchasDuolingoandMemrisecanprovideadditionalsupportandresourcesthatarenotavailableintheclassroom.

Lastly,languageexchangeprogramsandlanguageimmersionexperiencescanalsohelpinternationalstudentslearnChinesecharactersmoreeffectively.ByengagingwithnativespeakersandusingChineseinreal-lifesituations,studentscangainadeeperunderstandingofthelanguageandculture,whilealsoimprovingtheirChinesecharacterrecognitionandwritingskills.

Inconclusion,learningChinesecharacterscanbechallenging,butbyemployingtargeted,personalized,diversifiedmethodsandstrategiessuchasrepetition,context,structure,planning,technology,andimmersionexperiences,internationalstudentscaneffectivelylearnChinesecharactersandbecomeproficientinthelanguage.Teachersshouldbesupportiveandcreateaninclusive,engaginglearningenvironmentthattakesintoaccountculturaldifferences.Withdedication,practice,andaccesstoresources,internationalstudentscanachievetheirlanguagelearninggoalsandsucceedintheirstudiesinChina.Inadditiontothestrategiesmentionedabove,thereareseveralotherwaysthatinternationalstudentscanimprovetheirChinesecharacterlearningandlanguageproficiency.

OneeffectivewayistoengageinlanguageexchangeprogramswithnativeChinesespeakers.LanguageexchangeprogramsprovideanopportunityforinternationalstudentstopracticeandimprovetheirChineselanguageskillswhilealsolearningaboutChineseculturefromnativespeakers.Thisapproachcanalsohelpinternationalstudentsdevelopfriendshipsandgaininsightintothelocalcommunity.

AnotherusefulstrategyforlearningChinesecharactersistousemobileapplicationsanddigitaltools.ThereareseveralappsavailablethatcanhelpstudentslearnChinesecharactersinafunandinteractiveway.Theseappsprovidearangeoffeaturessuchasflashcards,games,andquizzesthatcanenhancethelearningexperience.

Furthermore,internationalstudentscanalsobenefitfromimmersionexperiences,suchasparticipatinginChineselanguagecampsorvisitingChinese-speakingcountries.ImmersionexperiencesprovideanopportunityforstudentstopracticetheirChineselanguageskillsinreal-lifesituations,whichcansignificantlyimprovetheirlanguagelearningoutcomes.

Additionally,studentscanenrollinlanguagecoursesthatprovideasystematicapproachtolearningChinesecharacters.Thesecoursescanprovideastructuredcurriculum,textbooks,andassessmentsthatcanhelpstudentsprogresssystematicallyandachievetheirlanguagelearninggoals.

Inconclusion,learningChinesecharacterscanbeachallengingtaskforinternationalstudents.However,withtherightstrategiesandresources,studentscanbecomeproficientinChineselanguageandsucceedintheiracademicandprofessionalpursuits.Teachersandacademicinstitutionsshouldalsoprioritizeprovidingsupportandresourcesthatcatertothespecificneedsofinternationalstudents.

Together,theseeffortscanhelpinternationalstudentsachievetheirlanguagelearninggoalsandcontributetotheglobalcommunityaseffectivecommunicatorsandculturalambassadors.Inadditiontoindividualefforts,therearealsosocietalfactorsthatcansupportinternationalstudentsinlearningChineselanguage.Oneimportantaspectiscreatingaculturallyinclusiveenvironmentthatacknowledgesandcelebratesthediversebackgroundsofstudents.Institutionscanorganizeculturaleventsandactivitieswherestudentscanconnectwithoneanotherandlearnfromdifferentperspectives.Thisnotonlyfostersasenseofcommunity,butalsohelpsstudentsappreciateandunderstandthenuancesofChineselanguageandculture.

Anotherkeyaspectisaccesstohigh-qualityresourcesandsupport.Institutionscaninvestinlanguagelearningtechnology,suchasonlinecourses,interactivesoftware,andlanguageexchangeprograms.Theycanalsooffertutoringandmentoringservicesthatcatertointernationalstudents'specificneedsandchallenges.Additionally,institutionscanprovideopportunitiesforstudentstoimmersethemselvesinthelanguagebyofferingculturalexcursions,studyabroadprograms,andinternshipsinChinese-speakingcountries.

Lastly,itisimportantforinstitutionstoremainflexibleandresponsivetotheevolvingneedsofstudents.Astechnologyandglobalizationcontinuetoshapetheworld,thedemandsoftheworkforceandthepreferencesoflanguagelearnersmaychange.Institutionscanadapttheircurriculumandpedagogyaccordingly,incorporatingnewtechnologiesandmethodsthatenhancestudents'languagelearningexperienceandpreparethemfortheirfutureendeavors.

Overall,masteringChineselanguagecanbeachallengingbutrewardingjourneyforinternationalstudents.Throughindividualeffortsandinstitutionalsupport,studentscangaintheproficiencyandconfidencetheyneedtothriveacademicallyandprofessionally.Astheworldbecomesincreasinglyinterconnected,multilingualismandculturalcompetencearebecomingmoreessentialthanever.Byinvestinginlanguagelearning,wecanpromotegreaterunderstandingandcollaborationacrossbordersandcultures,andpreparefuturegenerationstosucceedinourglobalizedworld.Additionally,languagelearningcanhaveapositiveimpactoncognitivedevelopmentandacademicsuccess.Studieshaveshownthatmultilingualindividualshavebettermemoryretention,decision-makingskills,andoverallcognitiveflexibilitythanmonolingualindividuals.Thiscognitiveadvantagecantranslatetoimprovedacademicperformanceinallsubjects,notjustlanguagecourses.

Furthermore,languagelearningcanprovideagatewaytodiscoveringnewculturesandwaysofthinking.Byimmersingoneselfinthelanguageandcultureofaforeigncountry,studentscangainadeeperunderstandingandappreciationfortheircustomsandvalues.Thisculturalcompetenceisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinaglobalizedworldwherebusinessesandorganizationsareoperatingacrossborders.

Institutionalsupportforlanguagelearningisalsocrucial.Manyuniversitiesandschoolsofferlanguagecoursesaspartoftheircurriculum,buttheycouldgofurtherinfosteringlanguageproficiencyandculturalcompetence.Institutionscouldprovidemoreopportunitiesforinternationalstudentstopracticetheirlanguageskillsthroughextracurricularactivities,languageexchangeprograms,andimmersivelanguageprograms.

Inconclusion,languagelearningisacriticalcomponentofawell-roundededucation,particularlyforinternationalstudents.Throughindividualeffortsandinstitutionalsupport,studentscangainproficiencyinanewlanguageanddevelopadeeperunderstandingofdiversecultures.Astheworldbecomesincreasinglyinterconnected,multilingualismandculturalcompetencearebecomingmoreessentialthanever.Investinginlanguagelearningcanpromotecollaborationandunderstandingacrossbordersandpreparefuturegenerationsforsuccessinourglobalizedworld.Inadditiontothepersonalbenefitsoflanguagelearning,suchasimprovedcognitivefunctionandtheabilitytocommunicatewithawiderrangeofpeople,therearealsoprofessionaladvantages.Inmanyindustries,beingproficientinanotherlanguagecangivejobseekersacompetitiveedge.Companiesthatoperategloballyseekemployeeswithmultilingualskillstohelpthemeffectivelycommunicatewithforeignclientsandpartners.

Languagelearningcanalsocontributetoeconomicgrowthbyincreasinginternationaltradeandtourism.Forexample,astudybytheEuropeanCommissionfoundthatEuropeanbusinessesbelievelanguagebarriersarethemostsignificantobstacletoexpandingtheirtradewithotherEuropeancountries.Investinginlanguagelearningprogramscanhelpbreakdownthesebarriersandopenupnewopportunitiesforbusinessestoexpandtheirreach.

Furthermore,languagelearningprogramscanpromoteculturalunderstandingandacceptance.Learninganewlanguageofteninvolveslearningaboutthecultureandcustomsofthepeoplewhospeakthatlanguage.Thisunderstandingcanleadtogreaterempathyandrespectf