英語國際音標

？？？Askandanswer:為什么要學(xué)習(xí)音標？？？？tiger['ta?g?]老虎1.發(fā)音準確，說地道的英語2.拼讀法記憶單詞3.提高自主性，增加詞匯量4.整體語感提高TheAlphabetAaBbCcDdEeFf[ei]

[bi:]

[si:]

[di:]

[i:]

[ef]

[b]

[i:]

[s]

[i:]

[d]

[i:]

[e]

[f]

元音輔音[i:]

[ei]

[b]

[s]

[d]

[e]

[f]

英語的音標和漢字的拼音一樣，用來拼讀的拼音=音標韻母元音聲母輔音音素和國際音標

1．什么是音素：音素是語音的最小單位。2．音素的分類：元音和輔音。3．音素的個數(shù)：共48個，元音音素20個，輔音音素28個。4．什么是音標：記錄音素的符號叫做音標。5．什么是國際音標：國際音標是由國際語音協(xié)會規(guī)定的一套音標，用來

記錄世界各主要語言的語音。7.開音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音+e:name,bike,home,due,

plane,shineb)輔音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.閉音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+輔音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重讀音節(jié)：單詞中發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)。元音12個單元音長元音[a:][?:][i:][?:][u:]短元音[Λ][?][i][?][u][?][e]8個雙元音[ai]

[ei][?i][i?][e?][u?][au][?u]輔音10對清輔音[p][t][k][f][s][∫][t∫][tr][θ][ts]濁輔音[b]

[d][g][v][z][3][d3][dr][e][dz]3個鼻音[m][n][η]3個似拼音[h][r][l]2個半元音[w][j]1.

音標必須寫在括號里，常用的音標括號有斜頭和平頭兩種，其上端不頂?shù)谝痪€，大致與大寫字母相齊，下端在第三格的中2.

音標沒有書寫體，也沒有大小寫，因此書寫時必須和印刷體一樣，直上直下，沒有斜度，其書寫規(guī)格如下所列。3.

下面幾個音標是最容易寫錯的，一定要注意：[ai]和[au]不要寫成[Ai]和[Au]，[A:]不要寫成[a:]。在打字的時候，不要用a來代替A,把[A:]打成[a:]，也不要用g來代替G，把[GE:l]打成[gE:l]。4.

音標沒有書寫體，也沒有大小寫，因此書寫時必須和印刷體一樣，直上直下，沒有斜度，其書寫規(guī)格如下頁所列。

音標的書寫_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i?][??][u?]

[ei][ai][?u][au]

[?i]

[i:][i][e][?][a:][]

[?:][?]

[?:][?][u:]

[u]Λ元音vowels(20個)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[p]

[b]

[t][d][k][g][f][v][s][z]

[h]

[w][j][][][t

][d]??[tr][dr][ts][dz][m][n][?][l][r][][]eθ輔音consonants(28個)單元音SingleVowlesLesson1_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[i:][i][e][?][a:][?:][?][u:]

[u]Λ

[]

[?:][?]單元音vowels(12個)carfardarkhalfpalmlaughauntbasketReadthewords[a:]aralauaporkhorsedaughterbecausetalltalkdoorfloormorestoreReadthewordsoraualoorore[?:]

earth heardnursehurt skirtfirmherpersonwordwork

Whatletterorlettergroupmakes

[?:]?earurirerorhesheChineseeseefeetsheepeeeatreadmeateafieldbelievebelief

iereceiveseize

ei/i:/Whatletterorlettergroupmakes

/i:/?

wemeshekneetreesheepthreecanteenTheseChinese[i:]ReadthewordsmoodbootzoomovewhoserulerJunesoupgroupooououReadthewordsbusrunlucknothinglovecountryyoung[Λ]uoousunnylunchduckbutjumpfunrunhundredmuchjust[]vsorrydogcopywashwhatReadthewords[?]oasocksnotofhotsorrytockdonkeylongoffstop[]c

[?]

agoagainaddresshundredparentwaterteacherworkertodaypolicemancolourdoctor

a

eeroor/ourbusyveryladyy/i/livemissrichibesidedecideelectevillagecouragecottagea

[i]milkminutefishwindowfitrabbitismusichisfifteen

cooklookfootwouldcouldshouldputJuly

[U]ooouluReadthewordsfullcouldtookgoodwoodcookputstoodpullfootGood,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.前元音，嘴半開，嘴角向兩邊展開呈扁形。飛天噴火龍小小龍[bed][bel][eɡ][e]恐龍蛋[e][e][e]breadheaddeadweatherea/e/bedfedtenbestaanythingmanye[e]legeggbeddeskpenelephantgetsevenyeselevenWordstoreadsadmadmanbadapplehatgladfactstandfamilyfatcatbag/?/a[?]pantsmapatcapcanmanyhasblacksplashsalad雙元音DoubleVowels(8)Lesson2whitericewrite

icelikenicetimeride[ai]ReadthewordsIlifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehighTonguetwisterMikelikestowritebythebrightlightatnight.

2.Somepeoplelaugh,somepeoplecry;somegiveupandsomestilltry;somewillsayhiwhensomesaybye;somewillforgetyoubutwillneverI!cakefacenamemakeplacetakesnakegrapebabypotato[ei]facesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamousReadthewordsReadthewords

Boysandgirls,pleasepayattentionto“oy”!boytoyjoy

soyannoyingemployReadthewordsNowpleasepayattentionto“oi”!

oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise

Readthewordsbeerdeerpioneerpeer

earhearnearfearcleartearappearheremereReadthewords

darecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepairpearwearwhere

TongueTwister

Thepeartreebearsapear,Underthepear

There’sababybear,Thebabybearplaysapear.Readthewords

sureunsure

poormoortourTongueTwisterSuresuresure,Poorpoorpoor,I’msureyouknowI’mpoor,SoIcan’tgotomakeatour.howaboutshoutcow

loudmousegroundhourcrownmouthReadthewordsCokethosehold

OKoversogopotatotomatophoto[?u]roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokego

homehopeReadthewords輔音28個輔音Consonants(28個)1.爆破音

[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.[p]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合ppp

p:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy[b]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合bbb

b:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage[p] [b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p] [b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe[t]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合ttt

t:tableteataxicatratfatticketTt:buttermatter[d]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合ded

d:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed[t] [d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t] [d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bed[k]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合ckckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck[g]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合gggg:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflaggg:egg[k] [g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k] [g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log兩清輔音一起時，后一個清輔音變成濁輔音，或叫濁化[sp]→[sb]

[st]→[sd][sk]→[sg]speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[

]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[

e]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?

[f]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合fffphghf:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh

[v]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合vvev:videovasevestve:fiveloveviolin[s]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合scssces:starsunsnakeseaseec:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebrate

ss:grassglassclassbossce:faceracericenice

[z]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose[θ]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合thth:threethinthirdteethmouth[e]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合thth:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather[

]

sure,she,social,nation

Washthefish,please.[?]

pleasure,

televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[∫]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合sshs:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe[3]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合ss:television,usually,Asiameasureagarage,anunusualcollision;agreatdecision;mypleasure

破擦音

[t]

Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.

[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.

?[t∫]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合chtchch:teacherpeachcherrychairtch:watchmatch[d3]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合gjdgeg:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage[ts]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合tstes

ts:seatsgoatscoatscatspetseatstes:gateskitesdatestastes[dz]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合dsdesds:seedswoodsfriendsbirdsbedsdes:rides[tr]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合trtr:treetrucktrousersstrawberrytrick[dr]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合drdr:drawdrinkdriverdragondry鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[?]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[?]

in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song

[m]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合mmb

m:mouthmousemilkmonkeymoonmoneymummb:climbcombthumb[n]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合nkngnn:nosenetnutbanananoodlestrainrainplanedownkn:kneeknifeknockgn:sign[η]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合nngn:inkbanktankfingerng:singhangsongkingreadingrunning[h]

havehot,whowhole

hatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]發(fā)這個音的字母和字母組合rrrwrr:riceroomrideroadroserr:mirrorcarrotparrotwr:writewrongwrap舌邊音:[l]land,world

如果在后面讀[?]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabea