Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅣGrammar課后操練提能[夯實(shí)·基礎(chǔ)知識]Ⅰ.用適合的神態(tài)動詞填空1.Youhaveworkedhardallday.You________betired.答案：must2.—CouldIhavethetelevisionon?—Yes,you________./No,you________.答案：can;can't3.Ifthatisthecase,we________aswelltry.答案：may/might4.—Whydidn'tyouanswermyphonecall?—Well,I________havebeensleeping,soIdidn'thearit.答案：must5.Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI________havedoneso.Theweatherwashot.答案：needn't6.Mike________havefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.答案：can't7.Candidates________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.答案：shall8.I________rathertheydidn'thearofthenews.答案：would9.People________diewithoutairorwater.答案：will10.He________speakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd.答案：dare/daren'tⅡ.達(dá)成句子1.Tom__________________theexamforheisveryhappynow.湯姆必定已經(jīng)經(jīng)過考試了，由于他此刻很快樂。答案：musthavepassed2.Ifhe__________________，he__________________greaterprogress.他假如不是因病曠課太多的話，早已經(jīng)獲得更大的進(jìn)步了。答案：hadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses;wouldhavemade3.IfI________you,I__________________tolookforhim.假如我是你，我就會去找他。答案：were;wouldgo4.Ifhe________here,everything__________________allright.假如他在這兒，全部都會好的。答案：were;wouldbe5.You________________morefromhim,ifyouhadfollowedhim.假如你隨著他學(xué)，你本能夠向他學(xué)到更多東西的。答案：mighthavelearnedⅢ.句型變換1.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Iwouldhavefailed.(變換為委婉虛構(gòu)條件句)_____________________________________________________答案：Without/Butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.2.IfIwereateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents.(變換為省略句)_____________________________________________________答案：WereIateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents.IfweshouldvisitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow,Iwouldplaybasketballthere.(變換為省略句)_____________________________________________________答案：ShouldwevisitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow,Iwouldplaybasketballthere.4.IfIhadenteredRui'anHighSchool,Iwouldnotsitherenow.(變換為省略句)_____________________________________________________答案：HadIenteredRui'anHighSchool,Iwouldnotsitherenow.5.Withoutsunlightorwater,allthelivingthingsontheearthwoulddie.(轉(zhuǎn)換為if條件句)_____________________________________________________答案：Iftherewerenotsunlightorwater,allthelivingthingsontheearthwoulddie.Ⅳ.單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞)1.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople________driveafterdrinkingalcohol.答案：mustn't句意：新的法律規(guī)定，嚴(yán)禁酒后開車?！癿ustn't”嚴(yán)禁。2.It________havebeenhertoleaveherchildalone.答案：couldn'tcouldn't表示對過去的否認(rèn)推斷。3.Itwasmyfault.I________(tell)youaboutthemeetingearlier.答案：shouldhavetold表示“本應(yīng)當(dāng)做但沒有做”，用4.—CanIpaythebillbycheck?

Sheisn'tsuchaperson.shouldhavedone?！猄orry,sir.Butitisthemanagementruleofourhotelthatpaymentbemadeincash.答案：shallshall與第二、三人稱連用，表示規(guī)則，許諾或擁有法律效勞的事。

________5.Icouldn't________(go)throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.答案：havegone表示對過去狀況的虛構(gòu)，應(yīng)用神態(tài)動詞＋達(dá)成式。6.Ican'tleave.ShetoldmethatI________stayhereuntilshecomesback.答案：must“must”一定，切合句意。7.________(persuade)himnottodoso,hewouldn'thavemadesuchaseriousmistake.答案：HadIpersuaded句意：假如我預(yù)先說服他不那么做的話，他就不會犯這么嚴(yán)重的錯誤了。題干中主句的謂語部分為wouldn'thavemade，表示該動作與過去事實(shí)相反，故條件句用haddone的虛構(gòu)構(gòu)造，條件句中有had且省略if時，要將had提到主語以前。IfI________(learn)mylessonshard,Iwouldn'thavefailedinthefinalexam.答案：hadlearned依據(jù)主句中的“wouldn'thavefailed”可知，從句表達(dá)過去的狀況，故用過去達(dá)成時。9.Lookatthetroublewe'rein.Ifonlywe________(take)ourteacher'sadvice!答案：hadtaken后一句句意：假如我遵從了老師的建議多好！表示與過去狀況相反的虛構(gòu)，用過去達(dá)成時。10.—HowIwishIhadstudiedharderwhenIwasinseniorschool!—Ifyouhad,you________(be)auniversitystudentnow.答案：would/could/might/shouldbe句意：——我多么希望在高中的時候?qū)W習(xí)能再努力點(diǎn)??！——假如你努力點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)，此刻你就是一個大學(xué)生了。此題中從句是對過去的虛構(gòu)，主句中有時間狀語now，是對此刻的虛構(gòu)，因此用“would/could/should/might＋動詞原形”的形式。[提高·實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力]Ⅴ.完形填空Ispoketoagroupofyoungpeoplenotlongago.WhenIfinished,they___1___metogooutwiththemtohaveagoodtime.P1WhenIwasattheir___2___，Iprobablywouldhavegivenintothattemptation(迷惑)andgone.ButI___3___thatevening.Afriendofmine,WesSmith,wroteahumor___4___calledWelcometotheRealWorld,andinithe___5___advicetofreshhighschoolandcollegegraduates.Hehadalineinthebookthatwasthe___6___Ifacedthatnight.Itsaid,“Havingadrinkwiththeboysafterworkeverynightisa___7___idea.Noticethatthe___8___doesn'tdoit.Thatiswhyheisthebossandtheyare___9___theboys.”Westoldmethathewrotethatlinewithagroupofhard-partying___10___businessmeninmind,andfiveyearsafterthebookcame___11___，heranintoP2oneofthem.Theguy___12___thathe'dreadthatlineinWes'sbookanddecided___13___togodrinkingafterworkagain.It___14___，hesaid.Hehadrisentoavicepresidencyatasavingsandloan.W1Inmydrivetobecomeapublic___15___，Idevelopedthatkindoffocus，W2too.Thereisnotalotoftimeforhardpartyingifyouare___16___greatness.Itwasnotprofessional

thatW3

theseyoungfellowswerenotseriousabouttheirinterestinspeaking,___17___theywerejustseriousabouthavingagoodtime.SIdon'tbelievetheywere___18___ontheirgoals.Ratherthan

P3the

partycrowd,Iprefer

toseekoutpeoplewith___19___thatmightbeuseful.Iliketofindoutwhatbooks___20___peoplearereading.IwantaccessW4totheinformationthat

contributes

toP4theirsuccess.語篇導(dǎo)讀：聯(lián)合自己和朋友的經(jīng)歷，作者告訴我們一個深刻的道理：要想成功，就要執(zhí)著追求。1.A

．forced

B．a(chǎn)dvisedC．a(chǎn)llowed

D．invited答案：

D

依據(jù)上下文可知，一群年青人邀請

(invite)

作者和他們一同出去。文中沒有“強(qiáng)迫”、“建議”或“同意”的意思。2.A

．time

B．a(chǎn)geC．place

D．hope答案：B

作者想到，當(dāng)自己在他們這個年紀(jì)

(age)

的時候，也許會折服于這類出去玩樂的迷惑。3.A

．refused

B．continuedC．hesitated

D．succeeded答案：A聯(lián)系下文特別是第四段的描繪可知，那一天夜晚作者并無接受他們的邀請，而是拒絕(refuse)了。4.A．jokeB．storyC．diaryD．book答案：D依據(jù)第11空前的“...afterthebookcame...”可知，此處指Smith寫了一本風(fēng)趣“書本”。5.A．passedB．offeredC．followedD．changed答案：B在Smith的書中，他給高中重生和大學(xué)畢業(yè)生們供給了一些建議。6.A．troubleB．conditionC．promiseD．situation答案：D此處指作者那晚所面對的狀況(situation)。7.A．badB．goodC．realD．great答案：A依據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，老板不會像他們那樣做，這就是他成功的原由。由此可推知，Smith以為每日下班后和其余人出去飲酒是一個壞(bad)想法。8.A．clerkB．soldierC．bossD．customer答案：C聯(lián)合下句中的“這就是他為何是老板的原由”可推知，此處指老板(boss)是不會那么做的。9.A．evenB．stillC．justD．a(chǎn)lso答案：B此處用老板的成功對照這幾個年青人的不可功，故still切合題意。10.A．oldB．cleverC．richD．young答案：D聯(lián)系第5空后的內(nèi)容可知，Smith的信是寫給年青人的，故此處指年青的(young)買賣人。11.A．outB．inC．upD．on答案：A此處指Smith的這本書第一版五年后的一天?！癱omeout”第一版。12.A．introducedB．a(chǎn)greedC．volunteeredD．a(chǎn)dmitted答案：CSmith并無要求他做什么，小伙子主動說自己讀了Smith書里的那段話，故用volunteer。13.A．oftenB．neverC．a(chǎn)lwaysD．ever答案：B

聯(lián)合第二段倒數(shù)第三句

Smith

的看法可知，此處指小伙子說他決定下班后永遠(yuǎn)不(never)

出去飲酒了。14.A

．wentalong

B．tookplaceC．turnedup

D．paidoff答案：

D

依據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，小伙子的事業(yè)有了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，故他說自己的努力見效(payoff)

了。15.A．speaker

B．teacherC．lawyerD．leader答案：A依據(jù)文章第一句“Ispoketoagroupofyoungpeoplenotlongago.”以及第17空前的“theirinterestinprofessionalspeaking”可推知，作者是演講者(speaker)。16.A．showingB．owningC．pursuingD．enjoying答案：C本句意為：假如你追求(pursue)優(yōu)秀，那你就沒有太多時間聚會。17.A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．orD．so答案：B剖析上下文的邏輯關(guān)系可知，此處表達(dá)的是轉(zhuǎn)折意義，故用連詞but。18.A．basedB．placedC．fixedD．focused答案：D依據(jù)上文可知，假如只想玩得快樂，那他們就沒法把注意力放在自己的目標(biāo)上?！癰efocusedon

”關(guān)注。19.A

．knowledge

B．powerC．information

D．treasure答案：

A

依據(jù)上下文可知，作者不肯去參加聚會，而是去找出那些有實(shí)用的知識(knowledge)

的人。20.A

．wealthy

B．positiveC．successful

D．modest答案：C依據(jù)文章最后一句可知，作者想認(rèn)識“成功”人士所讀的書，認(rèn)識他們成功的訣要。Ⅵ.閱讀理解Theideal

W1

relationship

betweenbrothers

andsisters

is

obviously

differentfrom

the

realistic

W2

relationships

that

exist

betweenbrothers

andsisters

.SAnyonewhohashadeitherabrother,asisterorbothwillknowalittlebitaboutsibling_rivalry.Siblingrivalrydoesnotnecessarilystemfrom(源于)thedesiretobethe“favorite”amongone'sparents.InfactP1，siblingrivalrycanalsobeattributedtoasortofP2naturalcompetitionthatarisesbetweenpeople,especiallythoselivingclosetooneanother.Already,childhooddescribesandshapesthedevelopmentoftherelationshipsbetweensiblings.SothattypeofhostileW3relationshipmaynotcontinuethroughoutthesiblings'lives.Thisobservationisapparentinmanysiblingrelationships,evenmyown.Yet,whatcanexplainthechangethathappens?Perhaps,ithassomethingtodowithmaturity(成熟).MaturityfocusesonP3one'srelationships,eventhosebetweensiblings.Whetherornotmaturitydirectlyaccomplishesthecreationoffriendlytermsbetweensiblingsisnotentirelyclear,butitisapparentthatmaturityhelpstoexplainwhysiblingstakefocusawayfromcreatingantagonism(對峙)andinsteaddirectittowardscommunity.Iftheoldsaying,“Bloodisthickerthanwater”，isappliedtosiblingrelationships,wefindthatgeneticrelationshipscanenhanceW4socialrelationships.So,evenifwewantsiblingrelationshipstobepeacefulandloving,wecannotexpectthosefriendlytermstoexistalways.Whatisimportantinthistypeofrelationshipistheconceptofforgiveness.Forgivenesscanhealanywound,andW5inthecaseofsiblingrelationships,itcanbethepathtoalifeoftogethernessandsolidarity(團(tuán)結(jié))．Therefore,itisentirelytruethatwecannotpickandchoosewhoisinourfamily.But,wecanlearntolivetogetherpeaceablydespiteourdifferences.Thisnotonlyappliestosiblingrelationships,buttoallrelationshipsingeneral.語篇導(dǎo)讀：手足之爭不必定是根源于希望獲得父親母親更多的愛，實(shí)質(zhì)上還可能是出于一種人與人之間的自然競爭。本文作者對這一現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原由及其發(fā)展和影響進(jìn)行了剖析和解讀。1.Theunderlinedphrase

“siblingrivalry

”

inParagraph1probablymeans________.A.siblingscompeteformorelovefromtheirparentsB.parentscanhardlytreattheirchildrenequallyC.peoplewouldliketoliveclosetooneanotherD.studentsworkhardtogetherattheirlessons答案：A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)上下文(第一段第一句到第三句)的意思可知，siblingrivalry在此處指“手足之爭”，即兄弟姐妹們爭相獲得父親母親更多的愛。Whichofthefollowingcanleadtoapeacefulandsolidlife?A.Theconceptofdetermination.B.Thequalityofforgiveness.C.Thefriendlyrelationships.D.Thespiritofbravery.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，諒解對牢固家庭關(guān)系很有幫助，有利于促使家庭的友善與團(tuán)結(jié)。3.Ifwewanttobuildgoodrelationships,weshould________.A.tryourbesttochooseoutgoingsiblingsB.bealwaysreadytohelpeachotherC.acceptallthedifferentpersonalitiesD.trytobequitedifferentfromothers答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，接受各自的不一樣個性是成立優(yōu)秀關(guān)系的重點(diǎn)。Ⅶ.

短文改錯DearSmith，I'mdelightedthatyouhaveacceptedourinvitationtospeakatmyschoolthenextweek.Asyouagreed,you'llspeakoverthetopicPrepar