李陽·克立茲聽力突破掌上寶之聽力突破超級技巧如何在聽不懂的情況下

照樣選對答案

（中英文對照）

——學(xué)一點(diǎn)“害人”的、只對考試有用的技巧

——三大實(shí)用技巧，抓住聽力考試題的致命弱點(diǎn)，在緊張的聽力考場上運(yùn)籌帷幄、穩(wěn)操勝券！

這里所談的技巧以考試為樣本，它是英語考試的典范，國內(nèi)的、四級、六級等考試都在逐漸向它*攏。

以下比較難的部分采取中英文對照形式，其余的只給出英文，所有資料都適合進(jìn)行三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練。編寫忱個(gè)部分的一個(gè)瘋狂目的是要求大家能夠用英文來告訴別人如何對付聽力考試！這是李陽·克立茲的一貫信念：一步登天！

首先讓我們來熟悉標(biāo)準(zhǔn)聽力考試的結(jié)構(gòu)：

[1]

TheListeningcomprehensionsectionoftheTOEFLcontainsfiftyquestions.Therearethreesectionstothispartofthetest.

[2]

PartA:inthissectionyouhearashortstatementandyouareaskedtoselecttheanswerclosestinmeaningtowhatyouheard.TherearetwentyquestionsinPartA.

[3]

PartB:Inthissectionyouhearashortdialoguebetweentwospeakers.Athirdspeakerwillthenaskyouaquestionaboutwhatwassaid.TherearefifteenquestionsinPartB.

[4]

PartC:Inthissectionyouhearthreelongertalks.Eitheraconversationbetweentwopeopleoralecturegivenbyoneperson.Eachtalkisfollowedbyfourtosixquestions,forwhichyouareaskedtoselectthebestanswer.TherearefifteenquestionsinartC.

[5]

Totaltimeforthesectionisaboutthirtyminutes.Therearefiftyquestionstotalonthissection.

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌內(nèi)訓(xùn)練記錄為：35秒]

在進(jìn)行聽力考試的時(shí)候，你要面對巨大的時(shí)間壓力！因?yàn)椋?/p>

Youcan'ttakeanyextratimeforhardquestions!(對于難的問題，你沒有多余的時(shí)間！)

無論聽懂還是聽不懂，難還是簡單，你都只有同樣的時(shí)間！只有一次機(jī)會！很多人由于心理素質(zhì)差和缺乏技巧而在聽力考試中一敗涂地！所以聽力考試就象一場競爭激烈的體育運(yùn)動！有人把它比作打網(wǎng)球：

[1]

Evenifyou'veneverplayedtennis,you'veprobablyatsomepointinyourlifeseenitplayed.YourgoalforthissectionistolearntoplaythegameofListeningcomprehension.Understandingwhatisonthetapeisonlyonesmallpartothegame.Firstofall,youneedtolearntopace[為…定步調(diào)；掌握速度]yourself.Thinkforamomentaboutwhatmakesagoodtennisplayer

[2]

Badtennisplayersspendalotoftimewatchingtheballandrunningtotrytocatchuptoit.

[3]

Goodtennisplayersspendalotoftimewatchingtheiropponentstoanticipate[預(yù)料]wheretheballwillgosothattheycanbetherefirstandbereadytohititback.

[4]

MostpeopletaketheListeningComprehensionsectionthewaybadtennisplayersplaytennis——alwaysrunningalittlebitbehind.Todowellonthissection,youneedtostayonestepaheadofyouropponent——youneedtostayaheadofthequestions.

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌內(nèi)訓(xùn)練記錄為：35秒]

翻譯的最高境界：中國人說中國話

（即使你從來沒有打過網(wǎng)球，但你要能看過別人打。你現(xiàn)在要做的就是學(xué)會玩聽力考試的游戲。聽懂只是這個(gè)游戲的一小部分。首先，你需要學(xué)習(xí)如何控制自己的步調(diào)?，F(xiàn)在讓我們來看看一個(gè)好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員是如何做的。

普通的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動者把大部分時(shí)間用在盯著別人的球，然后再倉促地跑過去接球，完全處于被動地位；而網(wǎng)球高手則是盯著對手，并預(yù)料球的方向以便先發(fā)制人。

大多數(shù)參加聽力考試的人表現(xiàn)得就象那個(gè)普通的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動者，總是慢一步。所以要想做好聽力考試，你必須比對手先行一步，你必須走在問題的前面。

下面我們來談一談技巧。李陽·克立茲聽力訓(xùn)練的硬功夫要求是：像母語那樣去聽懂！這里所談的技巧主要是幫助那些聽力很差的人對付考試、蒙混過關(guān)，當(dāng)然對具有英語真功夫的朋友，這些技巧也會幫助他們更加穩(wěn)操勝券！

技巧一：Readingahead提前閱讀

YouhaveabouttwelvesecondstoanswereachofthequestionsinPartsAandB,nomatterhowhardoreasyeachquestionmayseem.Thebestuseofthesetwelvesecondsistousethemtogetasenseof[進(jìn)行大致了解]theupcoming[即將到來的]question.Todothis:

Readtheanswerchoicesbeforeyouheareachquestion.

(在聽每個(gè)問題之前，先抓緊時(shí)間閱讀四個(gè)選擇答案。)

Whenyoutakethetest,youwillhearthevoiceonthetapereadingthedirectionsforPartA.YouwillnotbeabletoseethequestionforPartAuntilthedirectionshavebeenread.However,youshouldturnthepagetheinstant[一…就]youheartheendofthedirections,whichsoundssomethinglikethis:

Sentence(B)"Couldyouhelpmecarrythesebooks"isclosestinmeaningtothesentenceyouheard.Thereforeyoushouldchooseanswer(B).

Asyouareturningthepageyouwillhear

Goontothenextpage.NowletusbeginPartAwithquestionnumberone.

Butbythenyoushouldalreadybereadingtheanswerchoicestoquestion1inordertogetreadytolisten.Then,assoonasyouhear

Questionnumberone…

Followedbywhateverthatquestionmaybe,chooseyouranswerandmarkitasquicklyaspossible.Nowyoucanusetherestofthetwelvesecondstoreadtheanswerchoicesforqwuestion2,andsoon

(聽到第一個(gè)問題后，就迅速選擇答案，然后以最快的速度標(biāo)記答案。這時(shí)你就可以用剩余的/節(jié)省出來的十二秒鐘去閱讀下一個(gè)問題的選擇答案。)

Thekeytothismethodisdiscipline[紀(jì)律].You'llfindyoutendtowanttolinger[逗留；耽擱]oneachofthequestionsuntilyouhearthebeginningofthenextone.DON'TDOIT!That'showyoucanendup[以…結(jié)束]missingtwoorthreequestionsinarow;ifyoudon'tknowtheanswer,GUESSanmoveon!

（這個(gè)方法的關(guān)鍵是紀(jì)律。你可能會猶豫不定，在每個(gè)問題上耽擱久，直至你聽到下一個(gè)問題開始。千萬不要這么做！否則你可能會連續(xù)錯(cuò)過兩、三個(gè)問題，如果你不知道答案，只管猜，然后就繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。）

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練記錄為：60秒]

提前閱讀技巧四步驟總結(jié)

[請用英文講給別人聽]

²

Whenyouheartheendoftheinstructionsbeginreadingtheanswerchoicesforquestion1.

²

Assoonasyouhearthequestion,guess.

²

Usetherestofthetwelvesecondstoreadtheanswerchoicesforthenextquestion.

²

Repeatsteps2and3untiltheendofPartA.

技巧二：GuesstheTopic猜測話題

Stayingaheadofthequestionshelpsyouovercometheproblemscausedbythetimepressureonthissection.Anytimeyoudon'tseethecorrectanswer,justguessandkeepmoving.Nowthatyou'rekeepingupwiththeballinthisgame,thatis,stayingaheadofthequestions,youcanbegintopracticethesecondskillyouneedtowin—anticipating[預(yù)料]whatyouopponentwilldo.It'stimetotackle[處理；應(yīng)付]thesecondmajordifficultyofthissection.

（走在問題的前面幫助你克服了由于時(shí)間緊張而引起的問題。如果你一下找不到正確的答案，就只管進(jìn)行猜測，然后繼續(xù)做下面的題目。既然你已經(jīng)能夠跟得上這場聽力游戲中“球”的速度，那么你就可以開始操練第二個(gè)技巧——預(yù)料你對手的舉動?，F(xiàn)在是你對付第二個(gè)主要難題的時(shí)候了。）

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練記錄為：15秒]

1．Nocontext沒有上下文/沒有前后關(guān)聯(lián)

Inface-to-faceconversationtherearealotofthingsthatyourelyontohelpyouunderstandwhattheotherpersonissaying—facialexpressions,handgestures,andwhatyouknowaboutthepersonorthetopicallgiveadditionalmeaningtothewordsused.Furthermoreifthispersonusessomewordsorexpressionsthatyou'renotfamiliarwith,youcanusethecontextoftherestoftheconversationtohelpyoufigureoutwhattheymean.

(在面對面的談話中，你可以依*很多東西來幫助你理解對方的話——面部表情、手勢和你所了解的對方的情況和話題，這些都給你額外的含義。另外，如果對方用了你不熟悉的單詞和表達(dá)法，你可以借助其余對話的線索來理解它們的含義。)

Allofthesecues[線索；提示]aregoneonPartsAandBoftheListeningcomprehensionsection.Asidefromtime,thelargesthurdletogetoverinordertodowellonthissectionisthatlackofcontext.ForthequestionsonPartsAandBtheinformationpresentedisisolated[孤立的].Thequestionyou'rewaitingtohearonthetapecouldbeaboutanything.Youcan'tseethepersonspeaking,soit'smuchhardertofigureouttheiremotionalstateoropinion.

(在聽力第一和第二部分，這些線索通通消失。除了時(shí)間的因素，這個(gè)部分的最大障礙就是缺乏上下文，所有的信息都是孤立的。你準(zhǔn)備聽到的可能是任何東西。你看不到那個(gè)人在說話，所以理解他們的感情狀態(tài)和想法非常困難。)

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練記錄為：30秒]

2．Guessthetopic猜測話題

You'rereadingahead,you'veheardtheendoftheinstructionsforPartA,andyoubegintoreadtheanswerchoicesforquestion1.Let'ssaythechoicesare:

1.

(A)Ineverheardthelecture.

(B)Thatkindoflectureneverfascinatesme.

(C)ThatlecturewasthemostfascinatingI'veheard.

(D)Iwouldhavepreferredadifferentlecture.

Whataremostoftheanswerchoicesabout?Alecture.Sothestemwillhavetobeaboutthesamething.Nowyouhaveacontext.Youknowitwillhavesomethingtodowithalecture.Yourtaskistofindoutmoreinformationaboutit.

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練記錄為：23秒]

技巧三：ThreeWaystoFindtheRightAnswer

三個(gè)找到正確答案的方法

Readingaheadhelpsyoukeepup.Guessingthetopicsuppliesyouwithacontextandhelpsyoulistenactively.Thesethreetechniqueshelpyounarrowdown[縮小；限制范圍]yourchoiceswhetherornotyouhaveactuallyunderstoodwhatisspokenonthetape.

[李陽·克立茲三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練記錄為：8秒]

1．

OPPOSITES相反的選擇

OneofETS's[美國教育考試機(jī)構(gòu)]favoritekindofwronganswersisonethattrapspeoplewhoalmostunderstoodthestem.Itlooksprettysimilartothecorrectanswer,butmeanstheopposite.

Forexample:

(A)

SundayisadayMaryoftenworks.

(B)

MaryrarelyworksonSunday.

(C)

SomedaysMary'sworkisawful.

(D)

MaryhashadaterriblecoughsinceSunday.

Intheexampleabove,(A)and(B)arewhatwecallopposites,thatis,bothstatementscouldnotbetrue.OfatypicalListeningcomprehensionsection,onethirdtoonehalfofthequestionscontainopposites.Thisisgoodnewsforyoubecause:

Ifthereisonepairofoppositesintheanswerchoices,oneofthemistherightanswer!

(如果在四個(gè)選擇答案中有兩個(gè)對立/相反的句子，那么其中一個(gè)就是正確答案。)

Evenifyouneverhearthequestion,younowhavea50percentchanceofansweringthisquestioncorrectly.Furthermoreapairofoppositesintheanswerchoicestellsyouexactlywhatthestemwillbeabout.Youonlyhavetolistentohearconfirmation[確認(rèn)；證實(shí)]ofoneortheotherofthetwoopposites.

Findtheoppositesintheexamplebelow:

1.

(A)Stonedoesnotenjoyclothesshopping.

(B)Stoneatewhilehetriedontheclothes.

(C)BuyingclothingisapleasureforStone.

(D)Notonepieceofclothingwasavailableinhissize.

Inthisexample,theoppositesare(A),whichsaythatstonedoesn'tliketobuyclothes,and(C),whichsaysthathedoes.Nowwhenyouhearthestem,youonlyneedtofindoutwhichoneistrue.Thestemis:

Ifthere'sonethingStonehates,It'sbuyingclothes.

Sothecorrectansweris(A).

Nowtrythisone.First,readingtheanswerchoicesandfindtheopposites.

2.

(A)Ithinkyourdeskisfartootiny.

(B)Yourdeskistoomessy.

(C)Ithinkyouneedanewdesk.

(D)Icleanedupyourdesk.

Theoppositesare(B)and(D).Ifyoudidn'trecognizethem,youneedtobealittlemorebroadinyourunderstandingoftheterm.(B)impliesthatthedeskismessy,and(D)impliesthatthedeskisclean.That'senoughforthemtobeconsideredopposites.Sonowallyouneedtodoisdecideifthedeskiscleanormessy.Whenyouhearthestem.

My,yourdeskcouldsureusesometidyingup!

Youknowtheansweris(B).

2．COMMONSENSE常識

ThepeoplewhowritetheTOEFLhaveveryconservativetastes.Noneoftheirstatementsordialogueswillcontainanythingcontroversial,violent,passionate,orsilly.

(編寫考試的人比較保守，他們的句子和對話都不會包含有爭議的、激烈的、熱烈的和愚蠢的東西。)

Remember,youcanusecommonsensetoeliminatethreetypesofwronganswers：

Type1:Answerchoicesthataretooextreme[極端].

(A)

SundayisadayMaryoftenworks.

(B)

MaryrarelyworksonSunday.

(C)

SomedaysMary'sworkisawful.

(D)

MaryhashadaterriblecoughsinceSunday.

Answer(C)istooextremetobeagoodbet.ETSwouldprobablysaysomeone'sworkwas"unsatisfactory"oreven"bad",butnot"awful."Justremember,ETScan'taffordtooffendanyone:anyanswersthatmightbecontroversialareautomaticallywrong.

Type2:Answerchoicesthathavewrongsubject,forexample:

(A)

Heisagoodfootballplayer.

(B)

Hedoesn'tunderstandfootballatall.

(C)

Helivesrightacrossthatfield.

(D)

Playingfootballindoorsisforbidden.

Sincemostoftheanswerchoicesareaboutfootball,youknowthat"football"isthetopicofthestem,thereforeyoucaneliminateanswer(C).Nowhere'sthestem

Hesureseemsrightathomeonthefootballfield.

Theclosestinmeaningisanswer(A).Bytheway,didyounoticethat(A)and(B)wereopposites?

Type3:Answerchoicesthatarejustplainsilly[明顯的愚蠢],forexample:

(A)

Robistootalltobeanactor.

(B)

Rob'sperformancewasexcellent.

(C)

Hedidn'tseeRobonstage.

(D)

Robwassuspendedabovethestage.

Answer(A)isjustsilly.Howcansomeonebetootalltobeanactor?Answerchoice(D)isweird[奇怪的]too.Nowhere'sthestem.

W:HowwasRobinthenewplaylastnight?

M:Great!Hewasheadandshouldersabovetherestofthecast.

Q:whatdoesthatmanmean?

Theexpression"headandshouldersabove"means"farbetterthan",sotheclosestismeaningisanswer(B).Noticethatbothsillyanswers,(A)and(D),arebasedonliteralinterpretations[字面理解]oftheexpression"headandshouldersabove".Ifyouhearsomethinginthestemthatdoesn'tmakeliteralsense,it'sanidiom.Idiomsareasignaltobeonthelookoutfor[提防；尋找]answerchoicesthattakethatidiomliterallyandturnitintosomethingsilly.

3．OPPOSITES相反的選擇

AnotherofETS'sfavoritetrapanswersiswhatwecallasound-alike.Sound-alikestakesomeofthewordsandsoundsfromthestatementordialogueandrearrangethemsothattheyhaveatotallydifferentmeaning.Rememberthisexample?

(A)

SundayisadayMaryoftenworks.

(B)

Mary