任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子

考點(diǎn)詳解;

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閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾

和段中。根據(jù)歷年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考

查：

1.學(xué)生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。

2.學(xué)生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。

二、滿分技巧

1.解題步驟

(1)讀選項(xiàng)，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。

(2)讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。

(3)先易后難來解題。

(4)回讀文章定答案。

2.得分技巧

(1)抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。

(2)盯緊橫線的前后詞語。

通過學(xué)生對(duì)這類題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習(xí)和實(shí)踐，可總結(jié)出以下復(fù)習(xí)策略:

1.養(yǎng)成限時(shí)閱讀的習(xí)慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效

率問題。閱讀速度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘40—50個(gè)詞為宜。

2.注意?？键c(diǎn)。平時(shí)練習(xí)多注意代詞(如it,this,they)、選項(xiàng)的句內(nèi)關(guān)系(如因果、

轉(zhuǎn)折)及重現(xiàn)(文章與選項(xiàng)的復(fù)現(xiàn)提示)等。

3.解題技巧

通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項(xiàng)填入

文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由，最終

確定答案。

1.如果問題設(shè)在段首

(1)通常是段落的主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，

推斷出主題句。

(2)與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，

然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密

銜接的，因此這兩句之間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。

(3)段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答

案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起

來。

2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾

(1)空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。

(2)通常是結(jié)論，概括性語句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，

如：Therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞

語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。

(3)與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同

時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。

(4)與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題

的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項(xiàng)中

會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。

(5)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可

考慮與下一段的開頭是否有一定的銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一

句緊密連接起來。

(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一

段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案應(yīng)

有這樣的特征詞。

跟蹤訓(xùn)練

A

A.Neverbeafraidtogive

B.Planaheadasmuchaspossible

C.Workoutyourpriorities（優(yōu)先考慮的事）

D.Bedisciplined（有紀(jì)律的）atalltimes

E.Makesureeverythinghasitsplace

F.Sticktoaschedule

BeingWell-OrganizedAndGettingThingsDone

Beingwell-organizedandgettingthingsdoneandwhatwehavedoneistriedtomakethem

aseasytofollowaspossibletoallowyoutoimplement（實(shí)施）themimmediately.Thereisno

doubtthatbeingorganizeddoesmakeadifference.

Itissomethingthatyoushoulddoeverysingledayandthebestwaytoapproachthisisto

placethingsinorderofimportance.Watchingthatmoviemaysoundlikeagoodidea,butput

thatatthebottomofthelistandfocusonthingsthatinfluenceyourwork,health,oranything

elsethatiskeytoyoursurvival（生存）.

2

Next,youshouldconsidertryingtoplanahead,soifyouknowthatthereisanappointment

atacertainlocationforacertaintime,thenplanyourdayaroundthatappointment.

3

Knowingwhereeverythingisreallywillallowyoutogetmorethingsdoneasyouwillwaste

lesstimehuntingforthatobjectthatyourequiretocompleteyourtask.Toomuchtimeis

wastedhuntingforkeysorthatpieceofpaperanditalsojuststressesyououtandcanupset

yourpace.

4

Givingtaskstootherswillalwaysleadtoyougettingmoredone,butitisnotjustacaseof

pickinganybodytodoatask.Instead,youneedtomakesurethattheyarecapableofdoingit

withoutrunningintoanyproblemsandthattheydohavethecorrecttoolstocompletethejob.

5

Havingaschedulewillhelptoforceyouintocompletingtasksontimeandactuallygetting

moredoneintheprocess.Theonlyproblemhereisthatyouneedtobesensiblewhenworking

outhowlongsomethingtakesoryouwillputunduepressureonyourselfandthisiswhere

mistakescanoccurandyouwillactuallythenstarttogetlessdone.

B

Question:Km15andI'vebeenhavingtroublesleepingatnight.Itusuallytakesme2to4

hourstogettosleep.1Ican'tfocusonmylessonsatschool.Pleasehelpme!

Answer:Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'tregularlygetagoodnight'ssleep,youarenotalone.

2Herearesometipsforhelpingyougetagoodnight'ssleep.

?Keepregularhours

Bykeepingregularhoursyourbodyandmindknowwhatiscomingupandcanstartto

prepareforyoutosleep.3Ifyoucan'tgotobedataregulartime,thenmake

sureyougetupataregulartime.Soafteralatenightyouwakeuptired,anditforcesyoutogo

tobedearlier.

04

Iknow,youhearthisabouteverythingfromhearthealthtolosingweight,butexercisereally

doesdoyouaworldofgood.However,don'tdoittooclosetogoingtosleep.Itisbettertodoit

aboutanhourafterdinner.

?Relaxbeforegoingtobed

5Infact,whenyouliedowntogotosleep,yourmindisgoingtobethinking

abouttheprogramsyouhavebeenwatching.Instead,takejust20or30minutesbeforebedto

readorsit,anythingthatgetsyoutoslowdownandgivesyourmindarest!

A.Takesomeexercise.

B.AndIusuallygetabout4or5hours'sleepinaday.

C.Italsomeansyoucangetinregularnumberofhourseachnight.

D.Manypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.

E.YoumaythinkthatwatchingTVbeforeyougotobedisagoodwaytorelax.

C

Withoutafriend,theworldislikeadesert.Toomanypeoplewantotherstobetheirfriends,

buttheydon'tgivefriendshipback.1Tohaveafriend,youmustlearntobeone.

Youmustlearntotreatyourfriendthewayyouwantyourfriendtotreatyou.Learningtobea

goodfriendmeanslearningthefollowingrules.

2Friendsmustbeabletotrustoneanother.Ifyoudon'ttellthetruth,

peopleusuallyfindout,andyoumayloseyourfriend'strust.Goodfriendsalwaystrustinone

anothertospeakanddothingshonestly.

Generositymeanssharingandsharingmakesafriendshipgrow.Youdon'thavetogiveyour

lunchmoneyoryourclothes,ofcourse.3Thesecanbevaluabletoafriend.They

tellyourfriendswhatisimportanttoyou.Bysharingthem,youhelpyourfriendsknowyou

better.

Everyoneneedsunderstandingandhelpwithaproblem.4Talkingaboutthe

problemcanmakeiteasiertosolve.Turningtoafriendcanbeafirststepinsolvingtheproblem.

Sotobeafriendyoumustlistenandunderstand.Youmusttrytoputyourselfinyourfriend's

place,soyoucanunderstandtheproblembetter.

Notwofriendshipsareeverexactlysimilar.5Infact,goodfriendshipwill

justnoteasilylast.Thatistosay,youmustgiveasmuchasyoutake,orfriendshipwilldieaway.

A.Keepyourfriend'sfeelingsinmind.

B.Insteadyoushareyourideasandfeelings.

C.Somethingmaygowrongatschool.

D.Thatisoneofthecauseswhysomefriendshipsdon'tlastverylong.

E.Onewaytodothisistobehonestwithafriend.

F.Butalltruefriendshipshavethreethingsincommon.

G.Honestyiswhereagoodfriendshipstarts.

心真題再現(xiàn)

A（2019?福建）

Seeingbloodinahorrormoviemightmakeyoucoveryoureyes,butrealbloodisn'tscaryat

all.66Thafswhyblooddonorsareconsideredlifesavers.

Blooddonorsarethosegivingblood-usuallyabout200mlatatime-tobloodbanksor

blooddonation（捐贈(zèng)）centers.67Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodin

accidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequireshisbloodtobereplaced.Hospitalsandblood

banksstorethebloodandtrytokeepenoughonhand.

68Medicalworkersaskdonorsseveralquestionstomakesurethebloodissafetouse.

Thenthedonorsrelax,oftenreadingamagazineortalkingastheirbloodisdrawn.Afterward,the

donorsmayreceivesomejuiceorwaterandmaybefruittogivethemenergy.Theprocessis

simple,notscary.69Togiveblood,apersonmustbeatleast18yearsoldandmustmeet

certainotherrequirements.

Studentsofallages,though,canlearnmoreaboutthedonationprocessbyvisitingalocal

blooddonationcenter.70Itisalsoaneasywaytohelpacommunity.

Donatingbloodisnotdifficult.

Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed.

Infact,bloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusalive.

Donatingbloodisnotonlyoneoftheeasiestwaystosavelives.

Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagaininseveralmonthsiftheywish.

B（2019?浙江紹興市）

閱讀下面短文，從方框中所給的A—E五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的選項(xiàng)（其中一項(xiàng)是多余選

項(xiàng)），將其序號(hào)填入74—74題，并完成75題。

PublicspeakingisoneofthetopthreefearsamongadultsinboththeUKandtheUS.Here

aresomesuggestionsthatdealwithsomeofthemostcommonproblemspeopleexperiencewith

publicspeaking.

Invitetheattentionin

Doyouhatethatmomentwhenyoustandupinfrontofagrouptospeakandeverybody

looksatyou?71____It'sasignthatpeopleareinterestedandwanttohearwhatyouhaveto

say.Welcomethoselooks!

Beatthebrainfreeze

Haveyoueverbeeninthemiddleofspeakingandsuddenly...brainfreeze!72Itis

possiblethatyouforgotsomethingforthemoment.Andyouareholdingyourbreath!Allyouneed

todoistotrustyourself,clearyourmind,focusandbreathe.Thethoughtswillcomerushingback

toyourmindinnotime.Phew!

Increaseyourconfidence

Usethisexercisetogetintouchwiththe''naturallyconfident（自信的）you"inside.Close

youreyesandrememberaspecialtimeyoufeltreallyrelaxedandconfident.Imaginethefeeling

ofrelaxationrushingthroughyourwholebody.Itwillpassinformationtoyourbrainthatyouare

confidentandhappy.73____

Whetheryouaresomeonewhojustwantstomovefromgoodtogreatwithyourspeaking,or

someonewhofeelstooafraidtostandupandspeak,thegreatnewsisthatyoucanmoveforward,

berelaxed,andturnintoagreatspeaker.____74

A.Rememberthereishopeforeveryone!

B.Openyoureyesandyouarereadytogo!

C.Yourmindgoesblank!

D.Bemoresilent!

E.Well,don'tdothat!

75.Writedownanothersuggestiononhowtobecomeagoodspeaker.（答案不多于5個(gè)單

詞）

C（2019?四川省自貢市）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

Takinganap（小睡）everysingledaymaybetheleastfavoritethingforachildin

kindergarten.However,beingabletorelaxandgetsomerestinthemiddleofthedayisgreatfbr

manyadults.66

67Peoplewhotakenapsareseenaslazy.Youcanevenbekickedoffyourjobifyou

fallasleepatwork.ThiskindofthinkingdatesbacktothefoundersoftheUS,Puritans?青教

徒）.68

69Somepeopleevenbringtheirpillows（枕頭）toworkfornaptime.Peoplehave

amuchmorerelaxingattitudetowardstakingnapsthanintheUS.

70Butontheotherhand,havingashortrestcanhelpyouworkbetter.Agoodrest

canimproveyourmoodaswell.Sowhynottakeanapduringlunchbreakandmaketherestofthe

daymoreenjoyable?

A.Ontheonehand,itistruethatyouspendlesstimeworkingifyoutakeanap.

B?ButattitudestowardsnapsarequitedifferentbetweentheUSandChina.

C.ButinChina,takinganapisjustanormalpartoftheday.

D.Theyareknownforworkinghard.

E.IntheUS,anapinthemiddleofthedayislookeddownupon.

D（2019?山東省棗莊市）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入下列小題橫線上的最佳選項(xiàng).

WhenwillRestallwasinfifthgrade,hereceivedbussafetytrainingatschool.Localbus

driverstaughtstudentsabouthowtousethebuses*two-wayradios,Atwowayradioisaradio

thatcanbothsendandreceivemessages,___16___.Andtheyshowedthestudentshowtouse

theminemergency（R8ag）situations.Willusedwhathelearnedtohelpahurtbusdriverget

quickmedicaltreatment,Peopleinhishometownnowcallthe11-yearoldaheroforhisbrave

actions.

Willwastakingthebustoschoolonemorning.___17___.Hehadtowait10minutesorso

beforehecouldgetoffthebus.

Butthenheheardaloudnoiseandlookeduptoseewhathappened.___18___.Shehad

passedoutandfelloveronthebusstairs.

Willlefthisseat,grabbedthetwo-wayradioandreportedthatthedriverwas

hurt.___19___,Soon,anotherbusdriverandanambulance（救護(hù)車）arrivedtohelp.

Whentheygotthere,thebusdriverwasawakeandsittingup,butnotspeaking.Theysent

thedrivertothehospital.Willandeveryoneelseonthebuswenttoclassasusual.Will'sbrave

actionsattractedalotofattention.___20___,althoughhedidn*twanttobethespotlight（公眾

注意的焦點(diǎn)），"Ihadtoaskhim,"saidhisfather,"TimRestal

A.Likeeveryotherstudentonthebus,willwasplayingavideogameonhisphone

B.AlocalTVstationeveninterviewedhim

C.Theusercanbothtalkandlisten,it*salsocalledwalkie-talkies（對(duì)講機(jī)）

D.Hesawthatthebusdriverwasnolongerinthedriver'sseat

E?TheradiosoneachbusletWill'sfriendshearhimreporttheemergency

E（2018.四川成都中考）

補(bǔ)全短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A~F選項(xiàng)中，選出5個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文，

答題卡上只需填選項(xiàng)的編號(hào)字母。

Haveyouevertriedtohideyouremotions（情感）fromsomeoneduringaconversation?

71

ScientistsfromtheOhioStateUniversityhavefoundthatpeopleareabletotellotherpeople's

emotionsaccordingtochangesinthecoloroftheirfaces.

Scientistsstudiedpicturesofpeople'sfacialexpressions.72Forexample,happiness

makesourfacesredaroundthecheeksandalittlebluearoundthechin.Disgust（厭惡）createsnot

onlyablue-yellowcoloraroundthelips,butalsoared-greencoloraroundthenoseandforehead.

”Webelievethesecolorpatternsaretheresultofsmallchangesinbloodflowtriggered（觸發(fā)）

bythecentralnervous（神經(jīng)）system.'*LeadresearcherAlexMartinezsaid.

73Doesthecoloraloneoralsofacialexpressionshelppeopletellother'semotions?

Tofigurethisout,scientistsaddedcolorpatternstopicturesoffacesthatshowednofacial

expressions.74Theywereabletotelltheemotions75percentofthetimewithoutany

difficulty.75Forexample,whentwopeopleareheatedlyarguingoversomething,wesay

theyareredintheface.Whenapersonisveryangry,we'dsayheorsheisblueintheface.

A.Butthisraisesaquestion.

B.Itisshownthathumanemotionsareinfluencedbycolorsontheface.

C.Theyfoundthateveryfacialexpressionisconnectedtoacertaincolor.

D.It'snotalwayseasy,becausethecoloronyourfacemaytellthetruth.

E.Then,volunteerswereaskedtotellwhatemotionsthefaceswereshowing.

F.ThisiswhytherearesomeChinesesayingsthatconnectemotionstothecolorofone'sface.

模擬檢測(cè).

（湖北省宜昌市2017年中考模擬）A

A.runningawayisanything

B.theyoftenfindtheminriskysituations

C.itmaybenatural

D.thesekidsaremoreeasytogetaffected（感染）

E.noonecaresaboutthem

F.youprobablyimagine

Whenyouthinkaboutrunningaway,1thattherewillbenomorerules,no

parenttotellyouwhattodo,nomorefights.Soundsgreatandexciting,right?Infact,2

butfun.Kidswhorunawayfacenewproblemslikenothavinganymoney,foodtoeat,asafe

placetosleep,oranyonetotakecareofthem.

Peoplewithnohomeandnomoneybecomereadytodoanythingjusttomeettheir

everydayneeds.Becauseofthis,3thatwouldbeterribleevenforadults.

Runawaykidsjoinindangerouscrimes（犯罪）muchmoreoftenthankidswholiveathome.

Kidswholiveonthestreetsoftenhavetosteal（偷）foraliving.Manytakedrugstoget

throughthedaybecausetheybecomesosadandfeelthat4.Someareforced（被

迫）todothingstheywouldn'tnormallydotomakemoney.ThenumberofkidswithHIVorAIDS

andotherdiseasesishigheronstreets,too,because5.Thisproblemisattracting

moreandmoreattention.

B

（北京市密云區(qū)2017屆九年級(jí)期末）AyearagoIpaidnoattentiontoEnglishidioms（習(xí)語）,

thoughmyteachersaidagainandagainthatitwasimportant.Butsoon,theimportanceof

Englishidiomswasshowninmyexperience.

Oneday,IhappenedtomeetanEnglishmanontheroad.IwasveryhappybecauseI

thoughtIcouldtalkwithhiminEnglish.And1.AsIwastalkingabouthowIwas

studyingEnglish,theforeignershookhishead,saying,“Youdon'tsay!Youdon'tsay!HIwas

surprised.”Why?”Ithought,"Perhapsthisisnotapropertopic.Well,I'dbetterchangethe

topic."SoIsaidtohim,"Well,shallwetalkabouttheGreatWall?WeChinesepeopleare

proudofit!Bytheway,2?""Certainly,everyonebackhomewilllaughatmeif

IleaveChinawithoutseeingit.Itwasgreat,"Isaid,”TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersin

theworld.Itisaplaceofinterest."SoonIwasinterruptedagainbyhiswords,

3!"Icouldn'thelpasking,"Whydidyouaskmenottotalkaboutit?H”Well,I

didn'taskyoutodoso,”heanswered,gentlysurprised.

Isaid,”Didn'tyousay'Youdon'tsay!'?”

4.Hebegantoexplain,“'Youdon'tsay!'actuallymeans'Really?'Itisan

expressionofsurprise.Justlikelookout!'means'Becareful!?Perhapsyoudon'tpayattentionto

Englishidioms."

OnlythendidIknowIhadmadeafoolofmyself.5.Remember:whatour

Englishteacherssaytousstudentsisalwaysright.Weshouldlistentothem!

A.Youdon'tsay

B.soonwebegantotalk

C.haveyoueverbeenthere

D.Hearingthis,theEnglishmanlaughedtotears

E.SincethenIhavebeenmorecarefulwithidioms

C

（湖南省岳陽地區(qū)2017年中考二模）Theworldisaninterestingplace.Differentpeople

likedifferentthings.Somepeoplelikeloudmusic.Otherpeopledon't.1

Manypeoplelikesports,buttheydonotalllikethesamesports.Insomecountries,cricket

（板球運(yùn)動(dòng)）isaverypopularsport,inothersitisnotpopularatall.Nooneplaysitorwatchesit

onTV.Howevecmostpeoplelikesoccer.TheWorldCupisverypopular.2

Differentpeoplelikedifferentfoods.Somepeopledonotlikemeat.3Some

peopledonotlikepotatoesorbread.Theypreferrice.

4Mostpeoplehavetheirfavoritecolors.Somepeoplelikebrightcolors.

Otherspreferpalecolors.

Manypeopleliketraveling.Differentpeoplelikedifferentplaces.Somepeopleliketogoto

thecountry.Theylikethefreshair.Somepeopleliketogotothecities.Becausetheylike

shopping.5

Whatdoyoulike?Haveyougotanidea?

A.Theylikesoftmusic.

B.Noteveryonelikesthesamecolor.

C.MillionsofpeoplewatchthegamesonTV.

D.Differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofpets.

E.Theyeatfruitandvegetablesmostofthetime.

F.Sotheydon'traisepigsintheircountries.

G.Someotherpeopleenjoybeautifulplaceslikethemountainsorbeaches.

參考答案

跟蹤訓(xùn)練

A

【文章大意】本文就如何做到"組織安排好，做事有條不紊”，提出了五點(diǎn)建議。

1.C【解析】根據(jù)本段第一句Itissomethingthatyoushoulddoeverysingledayandthebest

waytoapproachthisistoplacethingsinorderofimportance.以及下面具體分述的內(nèi)容,

可知本段表明"安排好事情的先后順序，找出優(yōu)先考慮的事"，把事情安排好，做事

有條不紊。故選：Co

2.B【解析】根據(jù)本段含義"下一步，你應(yīng)該考慮提前計(jì)劃，所以如果你知道某個(gè)地點(diǎn)有

某個(gè)時(shí)間的約會(huì)，那么就計(jì)劃好當(dāng)天的約會(huì)。"可知，本語段的主旨大意為：盡可能

提前計(jì)劃。故選：B。

3.E【解析】根據(jù)本段的主旨大意：把物品排放好，可以節(jié)約時(shí)間，不會(huì)打亂你的計(jì)劃。

故選：E。

4.A【解析】根據(jù)本段的主旨大意：不要擔(dān)心把任務(wù)分派給他人，并確保他們順利完成任

務(wù)。故選：Ao

5.F【解析】根據(jù)本段的主旨大意：制定一個(gè)時(shí)間表，強(qiáng)迫你按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，并在實(shí)際過

程中完成更多的工作。故選：Fo

B

【文章大意】本文主要講述了一位15歲的學(xué)生有睡眠問題，因而影響了學(xué)習(xí)，文中就

此給出了三種解決此問題的方法。

1.B［解析］根據(jù)前文Itusuallytakesme2to4hourstogettosleep我通常需要2到4個(gè)小

時(shí)才能入睡,可推知下文應(yīng)該為AndIusuallygetabout4or5hours'sleepinaday.我通

常一天睡4到5個(gè)小時(shí)。故選B。

2.D【解析】根據(jù)前文Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn'tregularlygetagoodnight'ssleep,you

arenotalone.如果你是一個(gè)經(jīng)常不能睡個(gè)好覺的人，你并不孤單，可知下文Many

peoplesufferfromsleepproblems.許多人患有睡眠問題。故選D。

3.C【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，此處為Italsomeansyoucangetinregularnumberofhours

eachnight.這也意味著你每天晚上可以有固定的睡眠時(shí)間。故選C。

4.A【解析】根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容的描述可知，是關(guān)于“鍛煉”對(duì)身體有好處這方面的話題，所

以此段的小標(biāo)題為Takesomeexercise.做些鍛煉。故選A。

5.E【解析】根據(jù)下文Infact,whenyouliedowntogotosleep,yourmindisgoingtobe

thinkingabouttheprogramsyouhavebeenwatching.事實(shí)上，當(dāng)你躺下睡覺的時(shí)候，你

的大腦會(huì)思考你一直在看的節(jié)目,可知此處為YoumaythinkthatwatchingTVbefore

yougotobedisagoodwaytorelax你可能認(rèn)為睡覺前看電視是一種放松的好方法。故

選Eo

C

【文章大意】本文是議論文，通過分析友誼的三個(gè)共同點(diǎn)一一互相信任，真誠說話和做

事；和朋友分享你的想法和感受；做朋友必須善于傾聽和理解一一得出結(jié)論，也就是好的友

誼是不容易持久的，必須付出多少，友誼才會(huì)長(zhǎng)久。

1.D【解析】根據(jù)上一句Toomanypeoplewantotherstobetheirfriends,buttheydon'tgive

friendshipback.,好多人不知道回報(bào)友情，可知備選句子中，Thatisoneofthecauses

whysomefriendshipsdon'tlastverylong.跟它聯(lián)系緊密，句首的that所指就是上一句

的內(nèi)容。故選D。

2.G【解析】根據(jù)第二段的意思，特別是Goodfriendsalwaystrustinoneanothertospeakand

dothingshonestly.,可知本段談的是honesty。七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，Honestyiswhereagood

friendshipstarts.最合段意，故選Go

3.B【解析】第三段談的是share分享。根據(jù)文意，結(jié)合空格的前后文，可知對(duì)朋友來說

有價(jià)值的東西，不是分享錢物，而是其他東西，備選句子中的Insteadyoushareyour

ideasandfeelings.正是這個(gè)意思，故選B。

4.C【解析】第四段圍繞Everyoneneedsunderstandingandhelpwithaproblem.展開論述，

談?wù)摰亩际墙鉀Q問題的方法，Somethingmaygowrongatschool.這一句說的也是問題，

合乎段意，故選C。

5.F【解析】第五段對(duì)上文提到的三點(diǎn)做了個(gè)總結(jié)，強(qiáng)調(diào)友誼的不易持久。備選句子Butall

truefriendshipshavethreethingsincommon.提至ij了友誼的共性，故選F。

真題再現(xiàn)

A

【答案與解析】

【文章大意】本文是篇說明文，主要介紹了獻(xiàn)血的原因，流程和條件。

66.C【解析】C選項(xiàng)中的ubloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusaliven與下文“l(fā)ifesavers”

相呼應(yīng)，并且與上文成因果關(guān)系。故選Co

67.B【解析】選項(xiàng)B中的"Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed”中atheblood”指

代上文獻(xiàn)血者捐的血，故選Bo

68.A【解析】本段主要講獻(xiàn)血的流程，與選項(xiàng)A“Donatingbloodisnotdifficult”形成總分

關(guān)系，故選Ao

69.E【解析】E選項(xiàng)中的“Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagain”與前文獻(xiàn)血遙相呼應(yīng),

故選Eo

70.D【解析】D選項(xiàng)中的“notonly”與下文“also”相呼應(yīng)，獻(xiàn)血不但是?種拯救

牛.命的最簡(jiǎn)單的方式之一，而且也是幫助團(tuán)體的方式之一。故選D。

B

【答案與解析】

【文章大意】本文主要介紹一些處理人們?cè)诠惭葜v中遇到的一些最常見問題的建議。

71.E［解析］根據(jù)上文Doyouhatethatmomentwhenyoustandupinfrontofagrouptospeak

andeverybodylooksatyou?當(dāng)你站在一群人面前說話，每個(gè)人都看著你的時(shí)候，你恨

嗎？可知，面對(duì)這種情況，只能勇敢的面對(duì)，只能選擇E,故選E。

72.C【解析】根據(jù)Haveyoueverbeeninthemiddleofspeakingandsuddenly...brainfreeze!

有沒有在說話的過程中突然……大腦凍結(jié)了！可知這種表現(xiàn)大腦思維已停止，就是大

腦一片空白，故選C。

73.B［解析］根據(jù)上文Closeyoureyesandrememberaspecialtimeyoufeltreallyrelaxedand

confident.Itwillpassinformationtoyourbrainthatyouareconfidentandhappy.閉上眼睛，

記住一個(gè)特別的時(shí)刻，你感到非常放松和自信。想象一下你全身放松的感覺。它會(huì)把

你自信和快樂的信息傳遞給你的大腦?？芍砷]上眼睛到最后睜開眼睛過程，故選B。

74.A［解析］根據(jù)上文Whetheryouaresomeonewhojustwantstomovefromgoodtogreat

withyourspeaking,orsomeonewhofeelstooafraidtostandupandspeak,thegreat

newsisthatyoucanmoveforward,berelaxed,andturnintoagreatspeaker.無論你是一

個(gè)只想在演講中從優(yōu)秀走向卓越的人，還是一個(gè)害怕站起來說話的人，好消息是你可

以向前邁進(jìn)，放松下來，成為一個(gè)偉大的演說家?？芍@段主要說明每個(gè)人都要有理

想，就會(huì)充滿自信，故選A。

75.Makeaspeecheveryday.（答案不唯合理即可）【解析】根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)常識(shí)，要想成為

優(yōu)秀的演講者，除以上的建議外，每天練習(xí)演講，就會(huì)達(dá)到孰能生巧的目的。故答案為

Makeaspeecheveryday.（答案不唯一,合理即可）

【點(diǎn)睛】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，關(guān)鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文

章的語言填寫答案。在文章中找不到答案時(shí)，要完全理解句子，根據(jù)同義詞，句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方

式找到可以替換文章中的單詞，短語或者句子的詞。

C

【答案與解析】

【文章大意】對(duì)于幼兒園的孩子來說，每天小睡可能是最不受歡迎的事情.但是，對(duì)于

許多成年人來說，能夠在一天當(dāng)中放松和休息是很好的.

66.B【解析】根據(jù)前句However,beingabletorelaxandgetsomerestinthemiddleofthedayis

greatformanyadults.但是，對(duì)于許多成年人來說，能夠在一天當(dāng)中放松和休息是很

好的.和后文內(nèi)容，可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說但美國和中國對(duì)午睡的態(tài)度截然不同.故選

B.

67.E［解析］根據(jù)后句Peoplewhotakenapsareseenaslazy.Youcanevenbekickedoffyour

jobifyoufallasleepalwork.午睡的人被視為懶惰的人.如果你在工作中睡著了，你

甚至可以被解雇.可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說在美國，中午小睡會(huì)被人瞧不起.故選E.

68.D【解析】根據(jù)前句ThiskindofthinkingdatesbacktothefoundersoftheUS,Puritans（清

教徒）.這種想法可以追溯到美國的創(chuàng)始人清教徒可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說他們以努力工

作而聞名.故選D.

69.A【解析】根據(jù)后文中的Butontheotherhand,havingashortrestcanhelpyouworkbetter.

Agoodrestcanmproveyourmoodaswell.Sowhynottakeanapduringlunchbreakand

maketherestofthedaymoreenjoyable?另-一方面，短暫的休息可以幫助你更好地工

作.良好的休息也可以改善你的心情.可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說一方面，如果你午睡，你

花在工作上的時(shí)間確實(shí)會(huì)更少.故選A.

70.C【解析】根據(jù)后句Butontheotherhand,havingashortrestcanhelpyouworkbetter,但

另一方面，短暫的休息可以幫助你更好地工作.可知結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說但在中國，午睡

只是一天中正常的一部分.故選C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答

案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.

D

【答案與解析】

【文章大意】短文講了WillRestall上五年級(jí)時(shí)，在坐公交車時(shí)，司機(jī)突然昏倒，他用

對(duì)講機(jī)救了司機(jī)。

16.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)前句Localbusdriverstaughtstudentsabouthowtousethe

buses'two-wayradios,Atwowayradioisaradiothatcanbothsendandreceive

messages,當(dāng)?shù)氐墓财囁緳C(jī)教學(xué)生如何使用公共汽車的雙向無線電，雙向無線電

是一種既能發(fā)送又能接收信息的無線電,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)說用戶可以說話也可以聽，

它也被稱為對(duì)講機(jī)。故選C。

17.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Hehadtowait10minutesorsobeforehecouldgetoffthe

bus.他不得不等10分鐘左右才能下車。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)說和公車上的其他學(xué)生一

樣，威爾正在用手機(jī)玩電子游戲。故選A。

18.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Shehadpassedoutandfelloveronthebusstairs.她昏

了過去，倒在公共汽車的臺(tái)階上。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)說他看到公共汽車司機(jī)不在駕駛

座上了，故選D。

1