雅思閱讀第二講－Listofheadings雅思閱讀-list-of-heading題例：劍4－4雅思閱讀-list-of-headingTipsonlistofheadings題目出現(xiàn)在文章前，要特別注意不要漏做每個(gè)標(biāo)題只用一次標(biāo)題多于選項(xiàng)，拿不準(zhǔn)一個(gè)選項(xiàng)先標(biāo)上多個(gè)標(biāo)題，有空再細(xì)看示例中已經(jīng)選過(guò)的段落直接劃掉不看，節(jié)約時(shí)間雅思閱讀-list-of-heading英文文章結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)多為議論說(shuō)明文多常采用線(xiàn)條清晰而簡(jiǎn)單的文章結(jié)構(gòu)：總分式：開(kāi)頭論點(diǎn)＋論據(jù)或說(shuō)明＋結(jié)尾重申Topicsentencesupportingideas,examplesRepitition/suggestionLocationoftopicsentence:80%首句，15%末句，5%左右在中間）雅思閱讀-list-of-heading實(shí)例：主題句與支持句Inagrowingnumberofhotelsandskyscrapersacrossthenation,steelwallshavereplacedthefoot-thickbrickandmortarwallsonceused.Testsshowthatasteelwallfourinchesthickhasbetterinsulatingqualitiesthana12-inchthicknessofmasonry.Inaddition,steel-curtainwallpanelssavebothtimeandlabor.Andthefloorspaceconservedbyuseofthethinwallasagainstthethickwallinabigofficebuildingcanmeanacoupleofhundreddollarsayearinrentals.Topicsentence:Inagrowingnumberofhotelsandskyscrapersusesteelwallsinsteadofbrick-and-mortarwalls.Supportingideas:1)Asteelwallhasbetterinsulatingproperties.2)Steelwallpanelssavetimeandlabor.3)Asteelwallconservesfloorspace.雅思閱讀-list-of-heading解題步驟The1st,2nd&theLastSentencesTopicSentenceMostsuitableHeadingKeywordsofHeadings推理具體內(nèi)容雅思閱讀-list-of-heading解題側(cè)重點(diǎn)選項(xiàng)著手:抓住每個(gè)heading中的KEYWORDS文章著手:抓住文章每段的主題句無(wú)主題句者，需要你從共性的東西中總結(jié)推斷，可重點(diǎn)關(guān)注段落中的重復(fù)字眼雅思閱讀-list-of-heading注意改寫(xiě)現(xiàn)象Headings是原文主題的濃縮改寫(xiě)文章中更具體，選項(xiàng)更概括,更抽象Headings中的關(guān)鍵詞可能在原文中會(huì)以改寫(xiě)的方式出現(xiàn)雅思閱讀-list-of-heading主題句非固定特征主題句（需要你細(xì)讀）包含性最強(qiáng)的句子轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)式的句子a.But/however等之后的句子b.Although,inspiteof,despite的主句

表結(jié)論、推斷等sbbelieve/hold/imply/suggest等引導(dǎo)的賓從4.表定義Aisdefinedas…Aisknownas…Ais…Namely/Thatis…Thisis…雅思閱讀-list-of-heading非主題句特征非主題句（需要略過(guò)）舉例包含細(xì)節(jié)的句子問(wèn)句從句雅思閱讀-list-of-heading主題句的常規(guī)特征Feature:1.某特定單詞反復(fù)出現(xiàn)2.以指代詞形式出現(xiàn)3.以同義詞/近義詞/同類(lèi)詞的形式出現(xiàn)雅思閱讀-list-of-heading1.某特定單詞反復(fù)出現(xiàn)Animalscanmovefromplacetoplace,butplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunaway,andtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.plantsPlantsplants雅思閱讀-list-of-heading2.以指代詞形式出現(xiàn)

Tropicalfisharebecomingincreasinglypopular.Variedincolor,theyaredecorativeforhomes,officesandevenstorewindows.Therisingofsuchfishisrecommendedasarelaxinghobbyforpeopleinjobsinvolvingmuchtension.Manyhobbyistshavemademoneybybreedingthosefishvarietiesforwhichthereisaspecialdemand.

Tropicalfisharebecomingincreasinglypopular.Variedincolor,theyaredecorativeforhomes,officesandevenstorewindows.Therisingofsuch

fishisrecommendedasarelaxinghobbyforpeopleinjobsinvolvingmuchtension.Manyhobbyistshavemademoneybybreedingthosefishvarietiesforwhichthereisaspecialdemand.雅思閱讀-list-of-heading3.以同義詞/近義詞/同類(lèi)詞形式出現(xiàn)SydneyishometothestateArtGalleryofNewSouthWales,theSateConservatoriumofMusic,theAustralianOpera,theSydneyDanceCompany,andtheAustralianBallet.Theworld-classSydneySymphonyOrchestraoffersgreatclassicalmusicallyearround.Localtheatreiscreativeandwellsupported,andlarge-scaleoverseasproductionstourregularly.SydneyishometothestateArtGalleryofNewSouthWales,theSateConservatoriumofMusic,theAustralianOpera,theSydneyDanceCompany,andtheAustralianBallet.Theworld-classSydneySymphonyOrchestraoffersgreatclassicalmusicallyearround.Localtheatreiscreativeandwellsupported,andlarge-scaleoverseasproductionstourregularly.雅思閱讀-list-of-heading特例：notopicsentence某些段落主題句不明顯，是一系列細(xì)節(jié)的羅列，此時(shí)需要?dú)w納出它們所屬的類(lèi)別。ParagraphC:Thereisatoasteroven,ablender,andacanopenerononecounter.Ihaveamicrowaveovenonanother.Inmycupboard,youcanfindamixerandahotairpopcornpopper.Onthefarsideofthekitchen,thereisacoffeemachineandcoffeegrinder.Heading4kitchenutensils雅思閱讀-list-of-headingHintsfromwordsintheheadings1.wordssignifyingthebeginningofapassage2.wordssignifyingtheendofapassage雅思閱讀-list-of-heading1.wordssignifyingthebeginning（1）名詞+of+文章主標(biāo)題

concept,

conception,

introduction,

definition,

explanation,

notion,

core,

essence,

justification,view/mainidea/demonstration/orientation/initiation,what

is

+

文章主標(biāo)題

（2）動(dòng)詞+文章主標(biāo)題

define,

justify

（3）形容詞+名詞+of+文章主標(biāo)題

basic,

intrinsic,

fundamental

+

factors/

elementsof+topic

雅思閱讀-list-of-heading2.wordssignifyingtheendingeffect(affect),

impact,

consequenceresult,generalization(概括),

conclusion,

summary/aftermath/anticipationprospect/vision(前景)+文章的TOPIC

雅思閱讀-list-of-headingExercisesonheadingPleaseidentifythebestheadingforeachparagraphaccordingtowhatyouread.雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading無(wú)主題句，都是細(xì)節(jié)雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading主題句為第一句Ais…雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading

首句非主題句，此段中心只能推斷，根據(jù)句子間的邏輯關(guān)系雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-headingPractice1雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-headingAnswer:iv雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-list-of-headingAnswer:i雅思閱讀-list-of-heading雅思閱讀-lis