2021-2022年山西省朔州市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Toimproveyouroutput,you'dbettercreateastandardforyouroutputandaredeterminedtoovertakeit______.

2.

ThehappeningsintheemergencyroomareusuallyasdramaticasthesceneonTVshows.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Theproblemoftoomanycarpentersfromthetrainingschoolswouldbesolvedbymovingsomecarpenterstootherpartsofthecountry.

A.NB.YC.NG

4.

Whentherearenoefficientdoctorsinlargepopulationcenters,epidemicsstart.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.BeforeLyubomirskycarriedoutherownresearch,scientistsinvestigatedhappinessmainlythrough

6.

CuttingbudgetforscienceresearchanddevelopmentfurthersmothersincentivesforAmericanstudentsto______.

7.

OnerecentBrandeisgraduatewhoaskedthathisnamebewithheldbecausehiscompany______.

8.

WidelyusingPrEPsmaycausepotentialproblemslikeethical,issuesand______.

9.DoesGeneticResearchThreatenOurCivilLiberties?

TheCurrentGeneticResearch

Thescienceofgeneticsisaflourishingnewindustry,nourishedinlargepartbythefederallyfundedHumanGenomeProject.Thegoalofthisambitiousresearchendeavoristoidentifyeverygenefoundinthehumanbody,perhaps100,000inall.Severalmonthsago,theU.S.governmentandaprivatecorporationannouncedthattheyhad"completed"the"map"ofthegenome,althoughactuallytherearestillmanygaps.Muchrelatedresearchfocusesongeneticdiagnostics--testsdesignedtoidentifygenesthoughttobeassociatedwithvariousmedicalconditions.Morethan50newgenetictestshavebeenidentifiedinthepastfiveyearsalone.

Theincreasingspeed,sophistication,affordability,andinterconnectivityofcomputersystemsallowtherapidmonitoringandmatchingofmanymillionsofrecords.A1994benchmarkstudybytheACLUfoundthat"concernsaboutpersonalprivacyrundeepamongtheAmericanpeople".

Thepromotionofanideologyofgeneticizationfostersthebeliefthatgenesaredeterminativeofanindividual'sbehavior,character,andfuture.Capitalisteconomicrelationshavecreatedascramble(爭(zhēng)奪)forventurecapital,thealteringofpatentlaws,andcallsformassgenetictestingbyresearcherswhotradeontheoldimageofthealtruisticscientisttomasktheirconflictsofinterestintestinglabs,patents,consultingcontracts,etc.

TheTechnologicalSociety

Technologiesarenotvalue-neutral;theyusuallyembodytheperspectives,purposes,andpoliticalobjectivesofpowerfulsocialgroups.ThedominantideologyinWesternsocietyproclaimsthatscienceandtechnologyarevalue-neutral,andtheonlyproblemscausedbytechnologiesareeither"externalities"(unintendedsideeffects)orabuses.However,becausetechnologiesaretheresultofhumaninterventionsintotheotherwisenaturalprogressionofactivities(andnotactsofGodorofnature),theyarethemselvesactuallyimbuedwithhumanintentionsandpurposes.Currenttechnologiesdonotequallybenefitallsegmentsofsociety(andindeedarenotintendedtodoso),althoughtomaximizepublicsupportforthesedevelopmentsandtominimizepotentialopposition,theirproponentsrarelyacknowledgethesedistributionalramifications(分歧).

TheUnitedStatesisasocietyinwhichthedifferentialaccesstowealthandpowerhasbeenexacerbatedduringrecentyears.Thus,thosepeoplewithmorepowercandeterminethekindsoftechnologicaldevelopmentsthatareresearchedandimplemented.Becauseoftheirsize,scale,andrequirementsforcapitalinvestmentsandforknowledge,modemtechnologiesarepowerfulinterventionsintothenaturalorder.Theytendtobethemechanismsbywhichalreadypowerfulgroupsextend,manifest,andfurtherconsolidatetheirpowers.Thus,technologiesthemselvesarenotneutral;theyaresocialandpoliticalphenomena.Genetictechnologiesandcomputerizationexhibitthesecharacteristics,andreflectpowerdifferentialsinthesociety.

Theresultsoftechnologicaladvancementappeartoofferagoodfuturecapabilitiesofenhancedsurveillance(監(jiān)視)andcontroloverpeopleandevents,aswellaspromisesofperfectionism(thusleadingtobothalossofprivacyandincreasedopportunitiesfordiscriminationbypowerfulentities).Predictabilitywillreplaceatolerancefornaturalvariationanddiversity.

LossofPrivacy

Geneticprivacy,likemedicalprivacyingeneral,involvesnotionsofthedignityandintegrityoftheindividual.Isdataaccurate?Canindividualsaccesstheirownfiles?Canthedonorcorrectinaccuratedata?Arethecustodiansfaithfulandaretechnicalsecuritysystemsprotectingthedatawherepossible?Doestheindividualhavecontroloverwhichthirdpartiesareallowe

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Generallyspeaking,therearetwodestructivetsunamiseveryyeararoundtheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Accordingtothewriter,mostofthecultureshockhappenswhenhe______.

A.wentintotheclassroomafterwork

B.leftclassandwentbacktowork

C.participatedinagroupproject

D.tookinacollegesportsevent

12.

Howdoyouchooseproperlightingforyourreadinginthelibrary?

A.Thelightshouldcovermostareasintheroom.

B.Thelightshouldcomeoveryourshoulder.

C.Thelightshouldnotbebrighterthanotherlightsintheroom.

D.Thelightshouldonlyfocusonthesmallesttext.

13.

Theauthorthoughtaweakpointofthebookisthatitis______.

14.

Workplacenegativityoftenariseswhenamanagermakesadecisionaboutaperson'sworkwithout______.

15.

Learningaboutacountry'scultureisashowofrespectandisalwaysdeeplyappreciated.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Howdidcableproviderssolvetheproblemoftheearliestcablesystems?

A.Theystrategicallyplacedantennaswithverylongcablesconnectingtosubscribers'televisionsets.

B.Theymadethesignalfromtheantennatravelthroughthelengthofcable.

C.Theyinsertedamplifiersatregularintervals.

D.Theyincreasedthelengthofcable.

17.

______isnowcommonlyservedastoppingatpizzarestaurants.

A.FruitB.BuffalowingC.ItaliancheesebreadD.Chicken

18.

WhatcanyoulearnaboutthePrincesStreet?

A.Itisagardenwithablazeofcolor.

B.Itisamile-longstreetofpalaces.

C.Itisastreetfamousforitsshops.

D.Itisamonumentalmemorial.

19.

Thestatisticsinthereportshowthattraditionalfamilylifehasdied,thoughtherearestillmanychildrenlivingwithbothparents.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Whensleddogsgetsufficientcarefromtheowner,theyusually______.

A.fightwithotherdogs

B.aretooheavytorun

C.arefriendlyandgentle

D.developreliabilityontheowner

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B7】

22.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽(tīng)力原文：M:Jane,I'mhavingdifficultywithallthetheoreticstuffwearegettinginourcomputercourse.

W:Oh,thatpartIunderstand.WhatIcan'tfigureoutishowtomakeitworkinourprogram.

Q:Whatisthewoman'sproblem?

(11)

A.Hercomputerdoesn'tworkwell.

B.Sheisn'tgettingalongwithherstaff.

C.Shedidn'tregisterforapropercourse.

D.Shecan'tapplythetheorytoherprogram.

23.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：[26]Thereisnodoubtthatadults,andevenhighlyeducatedadults,varygreatlyinthespeedandefficiencyoftheirreading:Someproceedveryslowlythroughout;othersdashalongtooquicklyandthenhavetogobackagain.Poorreadersinparticularmaylacktheabilitytovarytheirmannerofreadingaccordingtothetypeofreadingmatterandtheirintentionsinreadingit.Agoodreadercanmoveatagreatspeedthroughthetextofanovelorsimilarlightreadingmatter.Inreadingmoredifficultmaterial,withtheintentionoftakinginthewholeofit,hewillproceedmoreslowly,buteventhenhewillvaryhispace,concentratingonthekeywordsandpassages,re-readingthemseveraltimesorpassingmorequicklyovertheremainder.[27]Alessefficientreadertendstomaintainthesamespeedwhateverthematerialhereads.Therefore,evenlightreadingmattergiveshimlittlepleasurebecausehereadssoslowly.Butthispacemaybetoofastforreallydifficultmaterialwhichre-quiresspecialconcentrationatdifficultpoints.

Atypeofreadingwhichneedscarefulattentiontodetailisproofreading.[28]Inordertodetectmisprintsinasampleprint,thereaderneedn'tnoticesomuchthemeaningofwhathereadsastheexactshapeandorderofwordsinthetext.Thisisextremelydifficultformostpeople,sincetheyareusedtoignoringsuchdetails.Infact,considerablepracticeisrequiredtopractisethistaskefficientlyanditcanbedoneonlybyreadingveryslowly,andbypayingcomparativelylittleattentiontothegeneralmeaningofthetext.

(27)

A.Thereisagreatdifferencebetweenreadingandlistening.

B.Thereareeffectivewaystopracticetheproofreadingskill.

C.Highlyeducatedandpoorlyeducatedpeoplehavedifferentreadinghabits.

D.Thespeedandefficiencyofreadingdependoncontentsandpurposes.

24.

【B6】

25.【B8】

26.

【B5】

27.(14)

A.Sheisexpectingherturn.

B.Shehasfoundvaluableinformation.

C.Sheneedsanotherweektoprepare.

D.Shehasnotpreparedyet.

28.【B4】

29.聽(tīng)力原文：W:(22)Idon'tknowifwe'llbeabletospareawholedayattheOceamParkWe'veonlygotfourdaysinHongKong,remember?

M:Oh,right,well,inthatcase.I'dadviseyoutogetthereearly.(22)Itopensat10o'clockinthemorningonweekends.Look,IthinkI'vegotaplanoftheplacesomewhere.Letmesee..,yes,hereweare.Youcanhavethis.

W:Thanks.

M:OK,I'llshowyou.Let'sstartwiththelowerlevel.See?Here?Youarrivebytaxiorbusorwhateverhere,ontheright,canyousee?That'sthebusterminal.Andyougoillthroughthemainentrance.(23)YoucouldgototheWaterWorldfirstbutIthinkyou'dbetterskipthatasyou'reshortoftime.

W:Icanseethecablecars.

M:OK,walkpastthecablecarterminal,attilebottomoftheplan,(24)andbearrightpasttheWaterfallGardens.Actually,havealookin,thereareducksandotherbirdsinthepoolthere--it'sverypretty.Thenyou'llseesomestepsupontheleft.Followthatpathandyou'llcometotileCentenaryGardenwhichisagoodplacetostopandtakepicturesifyou'vegotyourcamera.

W:What'sthenextplace?

M:Thencarryonuntilyou'realmostattheChildrenZoo.Ittakesquitealongtimetowalkaround.ButIdorecommendthe"touchandfeed"sectionopposite,asIsaid.(25)TheFunFairisveryinteresting,butit'sgreatfunforolderchildren.

(23)

A.TheWaterfallGarden.

B.Thetheatre.

C.TheWaterWorld.

D.TheOceanPark.

30.(24)

A.Shegetsillatthesametimeeveryyear.

B.Shedoesn'tgetenoughexercise.

C.Sheoftenhasdifficultysleeping.

D.She'ssickwithinfluenzathroughoutthewinter.

31.(31)

A.JohnAugustusRoeblingfellill.

B.Misfortunefellonthechiefengineer.

C.Thechiefengineerwasinshortofmoney.

D.WashingtonRoebfingmetwithanaccident.

32.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽(tīng)力原文：M:Couldyoushowmethatoncemore?

W:Sure.Putthepaperintothemachine,setyourmargin,putyourfingersonthekeys.Nowyou'rereedy.

Q:Whatisthemandoing?

(12)

A.Playingthepiano.

B.Typing.

C.Makingaphotocopy.

D.Takingapicture.

33.聽(tīng)力原文：W:You'llhavetoapologizeabitmoresincerelyifyouexpectyourfriendtoactuallymastyouagain.

M:Idon'tknowwhatelseIcouldsay.Besides,Idon'tthinkit'sanapologyhewants.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Heshouldn'thaveapologized.

B.Hewillfindabetterwayofapologizing.

C.Hecouldn'tfindarightwordtomakeanapology.

D.Hisfriendisaskingformorethanjustanapology.

34.(35)

A.Warsornaturaldisastersmakethemlosetheirfamilies.

B.Theywanttohelptheirfamiliescamenoughmoneytosurvive.

C.Theyarepoor.

D.Alltheabove.

35.(34)

A.Takingtheair.

B.Byplane.

C.OnradioandTV.

D.Attheairport.

36.(36)

A.＄16000.B.＄10600.C.＄20700.D.＄21700.

37.聽(tīng)力原文：M:You'renotstillwatchingtelevision,areyou?

W:Ienjoyyourtelevision--I'llhavetowatchlotsmorewhileI'mhere.Thecamera-workwasverygood.Itlookedliketheworkofrealexperts.Er...howlonghastelevisionbeengoinginBritain?

M:Oh,since1936.

W:Ah!

M:(19)OnlyintheLondonareaatthattime,though.Therewasn'tanytelevisionduringtheSecondWorldWar.Itstartedupagainafterwards.TheBBCwastheorganizationresponsibleforit.

W:WhatdotheinitialsBBCstandfor?

M:(20)BritishBroadcastingCorporation.It'sapubliccorporation.Itisn'tcontrolledbythegovernment,butit'snotaprivatecompanyeither.Thatmeansthatthegovernmentcan'tusetheBBCforpropagandapurpose,andnorcanprivateindividualsorfirms.

W:Isthereanyadvertising?

M:NotontheBBC,ITVgetsitsmoneyfromadvertising,though.

W:ITV?

M:ITVstandsforIndependentTelevision.Itwasstartedin1954againintheLondonarea.Itcoversthewholecountrynow,though.

W:Whatdopeoplethinkoftheadvertisementsontelevision?

M:Itdepends.Alotofpeoplethinkit'sagoodideabecauseitmeansthattelevisioncanpayitsway--theITVgetsallitsmoneyfromtheadvertisements.

W:WhatabouttheBBC?

M:YouhavetopayaTVlicenseof￡7ayearthatgoestotheBBC.Or￡12forcolor.Alotofpeopledon'tlikehavingtopayandwishthattherewereadvertisementsontheBBCtoo.Ontheotherhand,(21)otherpeoplehateTVadvertisingbecausetheythinkit'saninsulttotheirintelligence.

(20)

A.Therewastelevision,butnotinLondon.

B.TherewasnotelevisionanywhereinEngland.

C.Therewastelevision,butonlyintheLondonarea.

D.TherewastelevisionsomewhereinBritain.

38.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Iheardthatyouwerehavingtroublestartingyourexportbusiness.

M:Iwas,butIfoundsomegoodconnectionsinacoupleofcountriesandthingsarefinallychangingforthebetter.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.He'slookingforwaystostarthisbusiness.

B.Hehashighrewardforhisoverseascounterparts.

C.Hisbusinessstartstobeprosperous.

D.He'susingabusinessdirectorytodevelopmoreconnections.

39.(22)

A.SheshareddifferentbeliefswithDennis.

B.Dennislovedherverymuch.

C.HernameisSarah.

D.Sheisold-fashioned.

40.(32)

A.Itishardfortheoldergenerationtounderstandtheyoung.

B.Itispossibleforyoungpeopletoliveahealthierlife.

C.Alifestyle.freefromthepoisonsoflifeisworthstrivingfor.

D.Youngpeoplewillliveahealthierlifeiflefttomaketheirownchoices.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Theword"it"inthesaying"useitorloseit"(Paragraph1)refersto______.

42.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise,themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis______.

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

43.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

It'saroughworldoutthere.Stepoutsideandyoucouldbreakalegslippingonyourdoormat.Lightupthestoveandyoucouldburndownthehouse.Luckily,ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster,aSuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles.Orsothethinkinghasgonesincetheearly1980s,whenjuriesbeganholdingmorecompaniesliablefortheircustomers'misfortunes.

Feelingthreatened,companiesrespondedbywritingever-longerwarninglabels,tryingtoanticipateeverypossibleaccident.Today,stepladderscarrylabelsseveralincheslongthatwarn,amongotherthings,thatyoumightsurprise!--falloff.Thelabelonachild'sbatmancapecautionsthattoy"doesnotenableusertofly."

Whilewarningsareoftenappropriateandnecessary--thedangersofdruginteractions,forinstanceandmanyarerequiredbystateorfederalregulations,itisn'tclearthattheyactuallyprotectthemanufacturersandsellersfromliabilityifacustomerisinjured.About50percentofthecompanieslosewheninjuredcustomerstakethemtocourt.

Nowthetideappearstobeturning.Aspersonalinjuryclaimscontinueasbefore,somecourtsarebeginningtosidewithdefendants,especiallyincaseswhereawarninglabelprobablywouldn'thavechangedanything.InMay,JulieNimmons,presidentofSchuttSportswearinIllinois,successfullyfoughtalawsuitinvolvingafootballplayerwhowasparalyzedinagamewhilewearingaSchutthelmet."We'rereallysorryhehasbecomeparalyzed,buthelmetsaren'tdesignedtopreventthosekindsofinjuries,"saysN.Nimmons.Thejuryagreedthatthenatureofthegame,notthehelmet,wasthereasonfortheathlete'sinjury.Atthesametime,theAmericanLawInstitute--agroupofjudges,lawyers,andacademicswhoserecommendationscarrysubstantialweight--issuednewguidelinesstatingthatcompaniesneednotwarncustomersofvariousdangersorbombard(轟炸)themwithalengthylistofpossibleones."Importantinformationcangetburiesinaseaoftrivialities."saysalawprofessoratCornellLawSchoolwhohelpeddraftthenewguidelines."Theinformationonproductsmightactuallybeprovidedforthebenefitofcustomersandnotasprotectionagainstlegalliability."

Inthe1980s,whenaccidentshappened,injuredcustomerscould______.

44.

Themainpointofthispassageis______.

A.Evolutionofspeech

B.Darwin'slawofnaturalselection

C.Progressofhumanbrains

D.Evolutionofhumanintelligence

45.

JohnRyanispresidentoftheStateUniversityofNewYorkand______aswell.

46.NathanielHawthorne'swritingsarenoteworthyfortheirperceptiveexplorationofthehiddenmotivationsbehindthePuritanAmericanheritage.Likemanyauthorsofhistime,hefacedgreatdifficultiesmakingalivingashiswritingswerenotfinanciallylucrative.Inpart,hisfinancialstatuswithinthecommunitysignificantlycontributedtowardstheunderlyingmessageinhisworks.Thepowerfulinfluenceofthereligiouscommunityineconomicaffairsofthedayordained(決定)thatmostrespectedandhighlycompensatedcallings(職業(yè))werethosethatdemonstratedstrictphysicaldescipline.Asfictionwritingdidnotfitwithinthoseguidelines,theyoungauthorfoundhimselftornbetweenthecontraryneedsofhisfamilyandthoseofhisartisticaspirations.Theresultingtensionsareplayedoutinthethemesofhisstories.

Inthesensethathiswritingsdescribedthesubtlemotivationsbehindhumanbehavior.asguiltandanxietyresultingfromthesinsperpetrated(犯罪)againsthumanity,headheredtothesamemoesashisPuritanpredecessor.Hedifferedfromtheminthathesawthepotentialconsequencesofalldecisionsresultingineitherthechancepossibilityofregenerationorsomeform.ofhumiliatingpunishment.Thiselementofambiguityinhisworksrandirectlycountertothethoughtsofhisfundamentalish(原較旨主義者)contemporarieswhobelievedthatallactions,andtheirconsquences,werepredetermined.

Ashechoseanallegoricalstyle,hisshortstorieswereoftensituatedinfantasticsettingswithunlikelycharacters.ItwasnotunusualforSatantoappearinhisnarrativesdisguisedinahumanform.butpossessingsomedefiningcharacteristicsuchasclovenhoovesandatail.Whatmarksthesetalesasuniquetotheauthor'spositionstheirsuddestionthattheremaybecontradictorymeaningsbehindtheactionsoffigureswhichinitiallyappeartobeeastintransparentroles.

Hisclassicnovel,theScarletLetter(1850),concernedofthecrime,butPuritancommunity.Theheroine,HesterPrynne,standsaccusedofthecrime,butrefusestorevealtheidentityofherpartner.Themoralambivalence(矛盾心理，既愛(ài)又恨)inherentintheplotoftheworkisrepresentativeofthethemesfoundthroughoutHawthorne'swriting.

Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.thewritingsofNathanielHawthorne

B.thelifeofNathanielHawthorne

C.theclassicnovelwrittenbyNathanielHawthorne

D.therelationshipbetweenHawthorneandPuritaism

47.

【C6】

48.

Themainsourcesofinfluenzavirusesinlakewaterare______,whichmaystayinfectiousforupto30days.

49.Privatecompanieshavebeengrantedalargesumofmoneytolaunchcampaignsasameasureto______.

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefighters.We'repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon'tgetin,they'reforeverdoomed.

I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It'sone-upmanship(能超越別人的本事)amongparents.Weseeourkids'collegepedigrees(門(mén)第,出身)astrophiesattestingtohowwell—orhowpoorly—we'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.

It'struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhigh-schoolgraduateshasgrown.Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat'splausible—andmostlywrong.Selectiveschoolsdon'tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudy.Ontwomeasures—professors'feedbackandthenumberofessayexams—selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates'lifetimeearnings.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke(僥幸的成功).Awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit'snortheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn'tlife'sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.

ParentstendtoregardthediplomafromStanfordorPrincetonasthe______.

51.

【C8】

52.

Theuniversitiesadministratorsmostprobablyagreethattherankingsshould______.

A.countcompletelyonpeerevaluations

B.countouttheratesofalumnigiving

C.bedonebyamoreconvincingmagazine

D.bebasedondatesuppliedbythepresidents

53.

TogeneticistslikeLewontinandHartl,thecurrentmethod______.

A.isnotsoconvincingastoexcludethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsamplescannevercomefromtwoindividuals

B.isbeyonddisputebecausetwoindividualsofthesameethnicgrouparelikelytohavethesameDNApattern

C.isnotbasedonadequatescientifictheoryofgenetics

D.istheoreticallycontradictorytowhattheyhavebeenstudying

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

I'vealwaysbeenanoptimistandIsupposethatisrootedinmybeliefthatthepowerofcreativityandintelligencecanmaketheworldabetterplace.

ForaslongasIcanremember,I'velovedlearningnewthingsandsolvingproblems.SowhenIsatdownatacomputerfortilefirsttimeinseventhgrade,Iwashooked.Itwasaclunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydoanythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.Butitchangedmylife.

Computershavetransformedhowwelearn,givingkidseverywhereawindowintoalloftheworld'sknowledge.They'rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaroundthethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.

LikemyfriendWarrenBuffett,IfeelparticularlyluckytodosomethingeverydaythatIlovetodo.Hecallsit"tap-dancingtowork."MyjobatMicrosoftisaschallengingasever,butwhatmakesme"tap-dancetowork"iswhenweshowpeoplesomethingnew,likeacomputerthatcanrecognizeyourhandwritingoryourspeech,oronethatcanstorealifetime'sworthofphotos,andtheysay,"Ididn'tknowyoucoulddothatwithaPC!"

ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC,therearelotsofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimproveourworld.Therearestillfartoomanypeopleintheworldwhosemostbasicneedsgounmet.Everyye