Unit4ExploringliteratureⅠ.單詞拼寫1.Youhave__________(摧毀)myhopesofhappiness.2.Hegaveupthea__________indespair.3.Hestoodupand__________(挺直)hisshoulders.4.Theteamsufferedashock__________(失敗)inthefirstround.5.Duringthelongtriphome,Ehlersthoughtaboutthesmalldoghehadseentrembling__________(與……一起)theroad.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)6.Theeasiestwaytoa__________thisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.(2018·浙江卷)7.Inspiredbyhis__________(崇高的)spirit,allofuswereinhighspirits.8.Hewastooc__________toanswertheirquestions.9.Asudden__________(閃光)oflightningliteverythingupforasecond.10.Iwentaroundtheworldinmy__________(間隙)year.【答案】1.destroyed2.attempt3.straightened4.defeat5.alongside6.accomplish7.noble8.confused9.flash10.gapⅡ.單句語法填空1.Wemust__________(strong)ourunityinthefaceofpowerfulenemies.2.Gooveryournotesassoonasyoucanafterclass.Reviewimportantpointsmentionedinclassaswellasthepointsyouremain__________(confuse)about.3.__________(translation)thefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.4.Dickens'novelshaveenrichedEnglish__________(literary)．5.IneverdreamtthatIwouldspendmyoldageinsuchcomfortand__________(happy)．6.Itisagreathonourformetoshareinyour__________(accomplish)andpridetoday.7.Manyofyouhavewrittentoustoexpressyour__________(thought)ontheconflict.8.Abadlysunburnedfaceorbackis__________(extreme)painful.9.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneand__________(near)half(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)10.Iwasonthepointof__________(telephone)himwhenhisletterarrived.【答案】1.strengthen2.confused3.Translate4.literature5.happiness6.accomplishment7.thoughts8.extremely9.nearly10.telephoningⅢ.用合適的介詞或副詞填空1.Couldyoupull________alittlefurther?2.Hemadeonelastattempt________theworldrecord.3.Iwasjustonthepoint________leavingwhenshecamein.4.Asurveyshowedpeoplewereconfused________whattheyshouldeattostayhealthy.5.Hold________aminutewhileIgetmybreathback.6.Theclassstood________whentheteachercamein.7.Hewasdisappointedatnotgettingthejob,buthe'llget________it.8.Let'sstopchattingandgetdown________work.9.Itshouldn'ttakelongtoclear__________afterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp.10.Ihopeyou'llbehappy________allmyheartandsoul.【答案】1.up2.at3.of4.about5.on6.up7.over8.to9.up10.withⅣ.完成句子1.我從未見過使他如此生氣的情形。____________________asituationwhichmadehimsoangry.2.我想知道你在等誰。Iwanttoknow__________________________________.3.他閉目坐在那兒。Hesatthere__________________________________.4.他常開著窗睡覺。Heoftensleeps__________________________________.5.我將作業(yè)檢查了一遍，以確定什么都沒有漏掉。I________________________________tomakesurethatnothinghadbeenmissed.【答案】1.NeverhaveIseen2.whom/whoyouarewaitingfor3.withhiseyesclosed4.withthewindowsopen5.wentthroughmyhomeworkⅤ.閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADiscoverBritainthroughliteratureIwouldliketotakeyouonajourneythroughGreatBritain.Youcanstayexactlywhereyouare:nopassportneeded,noflightnecessary,justgreateagernesstoexplore.ThroughthesenovelsyouwillbeabletotransportyourselfanddiscoverthebeautyandthecultureofGreatBritain.PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenJaneAusten'sromanticnovelcentersaroundtheBennetfamilyduringthe19thcenturyandtheimportanceofmarriageandsocialexpectations.Thestyleofthenovelismocking(嘲諷)andtheauthorusesexaggerated(夸張的)characterstomakefunofthesociety.Setting:Longbourn(afictionaltown)inHertfordshireAuthor:EnglishCompareyourimaginationwiththerealthingandvisitChatsworthHouseinDerbyshire.TheHarryPotterseriesbyJ．K.RowlingWitches,wizardsandwands.It'shighlyunlikelythatyou'vemanagedtoavoidhearingofHarryPotter.Itisafantasticseriesofnovelswhichcanmakeyoubelieveinmagicandbelievethatanythingispossible.Setting:Hogwarts(fictional,orisit？！)Author:ScottishMakethemagiccomealiveandvisitAlnwickCastleinNorthumberland,WarnerBrosStudiosinWatfordandGlenfinnanViaduct.OliverTwist(《霧都孤兒》)byCharlesDickens“Please,sir,Iwantsomemore.”ThenovelfollowsOliver'slifeasanorphan(孤兒)inLondonandthecharactershemetwhilelivingonthestreets.Setting:LondonAuthor:EnglishUlyssesbyJamesJoyceThestoryfollowsLeopoldStormandwhathappenedon16June1904.ThisisatrickyreadbutitisoftenthoughtofasoneofthebestnovelsinBritishliterature.Setting:DublinAuthor:Irish1.Whomainlywrotenovelsaboutmagic?A.JaneAusten.B.CharlesDickens.C.HarryPotter.D.J．K.Rowling.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutJamesJoyce?A.Hewasafamousmagician.B.Hewaswell-knowninBritain.C.HewasborninDublin.D.HewasanorphaninLondon.3.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceBritishbeauty.B.Toencouragereaderstoreadmore.C.TotellreadersaboutGreatBritain.D.ToletreadersknowaboutBritainthroughnovels.【答案及解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四本能夠通過其了解歐洲的文學(xué)作品。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“TheHarryPotterseriesbyJ．K.Rowling”下面的“makeyoubelieveinmagic”和“Makethemagiccomealive”可知答案為D。2.B推理判斷題。由“UlyssesbyJamesJoyce”下面的內(nèi)容可知A、C、D都不正確，由“itisoftenthoughtofasoneofthebestnovelsinBritishliterature”可知JamesJoyce在歐洲非常著名。3.D寫作意圖題。由本文的標(biāo)題“DiscoverBritainthroughliterature”可知本文的目的是通過介紹幾本小說讓讀者了解歐洲。BAsettingofastoryactsasaphotographicbackdroptoyourplotandinteractswiththecharacters.Timeisthestartingpointofyoursetting.Youdevelopyourstoryandcombinecharacterswithrespecttoyourchosentimeperiod.Likewise,yourstorycouldevolvefromaspecifictimeoftheday.Alocale,inotherwordsistheclothingofyourstory.Thiscouldbejustaboutanyplaceyouhaveheardoforyoucreated.Whatfollowsyourlocalenextisthearchitectureoftheplace—forexample,ifyourcharacterisborninaVictorianstylehousethenyouwillneedtoaddindetailslikecoloredbrickworkorfireplacetogowithyourcharacter.Atmospherehasgottodowiththeclimaticinfluencesinyourstory.Thiscouldmeantheheavyrains,mildwindorbigearthquakes.Wrappingyourstorywithweatherdetailsisasafewayoflighteningthemoodofyourstory.Geographyofaplace,again,helpstosetmoodofyourstory.Itcouldbeastrangeforestorlifelessriver.Yourculturalsettinggreatlyhelpswithyourcharacter.Thesocialpractices,historyormusic,aresomeoftheculturalfactorstodevelopthestory.Sensesareextremelyvital.Imaginebeingwakenedbythesweetoffreshly-cutgrassonasummermorning;orsittingbythesideofafireplacewhilethelogs(圓木)crepitate(碎裂);orenjoyingacreamychocolate;orwatchingthepaintingoncavewalls;ormovingone'sfingerstenderlythroughsomeone'sthickhair.Whileyoucanaddmanylayerstoyourstorythroughthesettingelementsabove,therearechancesthatasanauthor,youwouldfailtoseetheforestforitstrees.Inorderwords,youwouldbesocaughtupwiththeminutiae(微小的細(xì)節(jié))detailsofthesettingsthatyouwillmostlikelylosethesightoftheplotasawhole.Therefore,youmustknowwhatcolorsareappropriateforyourimagery,asoverloadingyourpaintingwithtoomanycolorswillmakeyouloseyoursenseofthesubjectandofyourreadersaswell.4.TheexampleofaVictorianstylehouseinthethirdparagraphismentionedtoshowus______.A.thelocaleofastoryshouldmatchitsarchitectureB.thelocaleofastoryshouldbeputinaspecifictimeC.thelocaleandtimearethefirsttwoelementsofastoryD.thelocaleandclothinghelpdeveloptheplotofastory5.Whatcontributealottothemoodofastoryaccordingtothepassage?A.Timeandlocales. B.Atmosphereandgeography.C.Cultureandsenses. D.Cultureandgeography.6.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthesenseofsmell?A.Thewoodinafireplacebesideyoubreaksup.B.Whatthefreshly-cutgrassgivesupgetsyouup.C.Youcombsomeone'shairgentlywithyourfingers.D.Youviewanexhibitionorhavedeliciousice-cream.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whatisessentialforastory？ B.Howtodevelopastory?C.Whatisthesettingofastory？ D.Howtoappreciateastory?【答案及解析】本文是一篇說明文。創(chuàng)作一個(gè)好的故事，需要很多的技巧。本文主要解決了創(chuàng)作背景方面的問題。4.A推理判斷題。例子是用來證明觀點(diǎn)的。該例子的觀點(diǎn)是Whatfollowsyourlocalenextisthearchitectureoftheplace和gowithyourcharacter，可見這個(gè)例子就是用來說明故事的地點(diǎn)要有與其相配的建筑。5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的asafewayoflighteningthemoodofyourstory和第五段的helpstosetmoodofyourstory可知答案。6.B推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段談到感官。其中的Imaginebeingwakenedbythesweetoffreshly-cutgrassonasummermorning就是被剛剛割掉的草的芳香所弄醒?？梢娛切嵊X。7.C標(biāo)題歸納題。首段第一句就提到故事的背景，接著從時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等六個(gè)方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明。Ⅵ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thereisawonderfuloldstoryaboutthebest-knownartist,LeonardodaVinci.WhenLeonardowas__1__TheLastSupper,ittookhimseveralyearstocompleteit.Hehad__2__touselivemodelsforChristandeachofthetwelveApostles(使徒).HechosethemodelforChristfirstwhenhefoundamanwho__3__bothbeautyandloveonhisface.Astheyears__4__，LeonardocompletedalloftheApostles__5__Judas.Finally，hefoundamanwhosefaceseemedfullofgreedandevil.Afterhe__6__paintingthemanasJudas,themanasked__7__Leonardoknewwhohewas.WhenLeonardosaidno,theman__8__loudly,“IamthesamemanyoupaintedyearsagoasthemodelforChrist.”Thoughthisstoryiscertainlynottrue,itdoes__9__aspiritual(精神的)truth.Nomatterhowoldoryoungweare,the__10__canoftenshowtheconditionofourdeepheart.Ihaveseenwrinkled(有皺紋的)facesthatstillsparkled(閃耀)withthe__11__ofangelswhentheysmiled.Ihavealsoseenyoungfaceswitheyesascoldasice.Thegoodnews,__12__，isthatitisnevertoolatetochangeourfaceandourheart,and__13__ourheartwithloveandletitshinethroughoureyesandactions.Ionlyhopethatmyownface，nomatterhowoldorwrinkledit__14__，isalwaysthefaceoflove.Ihopeitisafaceof__15__，gentleness，hopefulnessandjoyfulness.Mayyoureyesalwaysshinewiththelightofjoy.Andmayeveryonewholooksatyoualwaysseeafacefulloflove.1.A.designingB.creatingC.paintingD.improving2.A.decidedB.imaginedC.orderedD.refused3.A.appearedB.enjoyedC.showedD.expressed4.A.endedupB.wentonC.cameupD.turnedon5.A.besideB.withoutC.includingD.except6.A.startedB.stoppedC.repeatedD.enjoyed7.A.howB.whyC.ifD.when8.A.answeredB.criedC.shoutedD.laughed9.A.discoverB.learnC.reportD.tell10.A.powerB.faithC.appearanceD.attitude11.A.beautyB.hopeC.natureD.enjoyment12.A.howeverB.insteadC.thereforeD.besides13.A.fillB.equipC.coverD.mix14.A.suffersB.developsC.becomesD.means15.A.sadnessB.carefulnessC.rudenessD.kindness【答案及解析】本文是夾敘夾議文。Leonardo畫《最后的晚餐》這幅畫的時(shí)候，找的基督和猶大的模特是同一個(gè)人的故事，說明人的外表往往顯示出內(nèi)心深處的東西。作者希望我們改變我們的內(nèi)心，讓內(nèi)心充滿愛，我們的臉上就會(huì)顯現(xiàn)出善良、溫柔、希望和快樂。1.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Leonardo在畫《最后的晚餐》這幅畫時(shí)，他花了幾年時(shí)間才完成。A.designing設(shè)計(jì)；B.creating創(chuàng)作；C.painting繪畫；D.improving提高。根據(jù)背景知識，Leonardo是著名畫家，應(yīng)該是畫《最后的晚餐》這幅畫。故選C項(xiàng)。2.A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他決定對基督和十二使徒中的每一個(gè)人都用活生生的模特。A.decided決定；B.imagined想象；C.ordered命令；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下一句“HechosethemodelforChrist”可知，Leonardo決定以現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的人為畫中人物的模特。故選A項(xiàng)。3.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)男人，在他的臉上既表現(xiàn)出美麗，又表現(xiàn)出愛的時(shí)候，他首先選擇了他作為基督的模特。A.appeared似乎，顯現(xiàn)；B.enjoyed喜歡；C.showed表現(xiàn)出；D.expressed表達(dá)。故選C項(xiàng)。4.B考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的流逝，Leonardo完成了除猶大以外的所有使徒。A.endedup以……告終；B.wenton繼續(xù)，(時(shí)間)流逝；C.cameup走上前；D.turnedon打開。此處指幾年的時(shí)間過去了。故選B項(xiàng)。5.D考查介詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.beside在旁邊；B.without沒有，不；C.including包括；D.except除……之外。根據(jù)下文“Afterhe__6__paintingthemanasJudas”可知，十二個(gè)使徒中，除了猶大還沒有完成，其他的使徒都畫完了。故選D項(xiàng)。6.A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他開始把這個(gè)人畫成猶大后，那個(gè)人問Leonardo是否知道他是誰。A.started開始；B.stopped停止；C.repeated重復(fù)；D.enjoyed享受。Leonardo找到了猶大的模特后，就開始動(dòng)手畫。故選A項(xiàng)。7.C考查連詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.how如何；B.why為什么；C.if是否，如果；D.when什么時(shí)候。幾年前Leonardo以這個(gè)人為基督的模特，現(xiàn)在又將他作為猶大的模特。因此這個(gè)人想問Leonardo是否記得他。故選C項(xiàng)。8.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Leonardo說不知道時(shí)，那人大聲喊道：“我就是你多年前畫的基督的模特?！盇.answered回答；B.cried哭；C.shouted喊叫；D.laughed笑。根據(jù)loudly可知，這個(gè)人是大聲叫喊。故選C項(xiàng)。9.D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這個(gè)故事不是真的，但是它確實(shí)講了一個(gè)精神方面的真理。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.report報(bào)告；D.tell講述，告知。Leonardo的故事告訴人們一個(gè)真理。故選D項(xiàng)。10.C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論我們年齡多大或多年輕，外表往往能顯示出我們內(nèi)心深處的狀況。A.power力量；B.faith信念；C.appearance外表；D.attitude態(tài)度。根據(jù)下文“wrinkled(有皺紋的)faces”和“youngfaces”可知，一個(gè)人的外表可以表現(xiàn)出內(nèi)心。故選C項(xiàng)。11.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到過布滿皺紋的臉，當(dāng)他們微笑時(shí)，仍然閃爍著天使般的美麗。A.beauty美麗；B.hope希望；C.nature自然；D.enjoyment享受。根據(jù)sparkle和angels可知，雖然他們年老，但臉上卻閃耀著美麗的光芒。故選A項(xiàng)。12.A考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，好消息是，改變我們的臉和我們的內(nèi)心永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太晚，讓愛填滿我們的內(nèi)心，讓它通過我們的眼睛和行為發(fā)光。A.however然而；B.instead相反；C.therefore因此；D.besides此外。上文提到“有的人年紀(jì)很輕，但是內(nèi)心冰冷”；作者在這里提出“changeourfaceandourheart”，上下兩段之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，however表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A項(xiàng)。13.A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.fill填充；B.equip裝備；C.cover覆蓋；D.mix混合。短語fill…with“用……裝滿，填滿”。作者認(rèn)為要讓我們的內(nèi)心充滿愛，通過我們的眼神和行為讓愛閃閃發(fā)光。故選A項(xiàng)。14.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我只希望我自己的臉，無論它變得多么蒼老，布滿多少皺紋，總是一張充滿愛意的臉。A.suffers受苦；B.develops發(fā)展；C.becomes變得，成為；D.means意味著。become是系動(dòng)詞，oldorwrinkled作表語，becomeoldorwrinkled是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C項(xiàng)。15.D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望這是一張善良、溫柔、希望和快樂的臉。A.sadness悲傷；B.carefulness小心；C.rudeness粗魯無禮；D.kindness善良。kindness、gentleness、hopefulness和joyfulness都是表達(dá)美好意義的詞匯。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅶ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Haveyoueverbeentotheworld'ssmallestbookstore？TheWorld'sSmallestBookstore,1.________officialnameisjustthesethreewords,sits2.________(quiet)about100milesnortheastofToronto.Thebookstoreisabout10feetby10feet,soitiseasy3.________(imagine)howtinyitreallyis.Thebookstoreisopen24hours4.________day.Insidethebookstore5.________(be)variousbooks,especiallyliterarybooksandclassicauthors'works.Soifyouarelookingforsomethinglesspopular,youmaygetabit6.________(disappoint)there.Anotherspecialfeatureofthisbookstoreisthateachbookonlycoststhreedollars.Alltheexpenses7.________(pay)onthehonorsystem,whichmeansbuyersshouldmakeanoteofwhatthey'veboughtandleavetheirmoneyby8.________(them).Sothe9.________(tool)ofthetradeinthisbookstorearequitesimple:pens,paper,lightbulbsandalabel-maker.Inordertocatchpassers-by'sattention,thebillboards(廣告牌)ofthebookstoreareseveraltimesbigger10.________thestoreitself.Withtheselargeeye-catchers,manypeoplearewillingtostopbyandhaveavisit.【答案及解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了世界上最小的書店。1.whose考查定語從句。“________officialnameisjustthesethreewords”是一個(gè)定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，所以填whose。2.quietly考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞sits用副詞，所以填quietly。3.toimagine考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？疾榫湫停篒t＋be＋adj.＋todo…，此處it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式，所以填toimagine。4.a考查冠詞。這家書店一天24小時(shí)營業(yè)。泛指“每天”，所以填不定冠詞a。5.are考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。variousbooks是復(fù)數(shù)意義，且時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以填are。6.disappointed考查形容詞。此處意為“(感到)失望的”，表示人的感受，所以填disappointed。7.arepaid考查語態(tài)。expenses和pay之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填arepaid。8.themselves考查反身代詞。byoneself獨(dú)自地，是固定用法。9.tools考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動(dòng)詞是are，所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填tools。10.than考查介詞。根據(jù)形容詞比較級bigger可知用than，所以填than。Ⅷ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwouldn'thaveachievedanysuccessinwritingwithoutmygrandmaandmyhusband'sencouragement.ThesummerIturned11Ispenttwoweekswithmygrandparents.Therewerenootherkidsintheneighborhood.IwasafraidIwoulddieofboredom.Imissedmyfriendsbackinmyhometown,missedridingmybikeeverywhere.Ievenmissedmybrotherandsister.OneafternoonGrandmawasinthekitchen.“When'sGrandpacominghome？”Iasked.Maybehe'dtakeusforarideout.“He'soutoftownforameetingandwon'tbehometilltomorrow.”Sheopenedthedoorandtheheatcameout.“I'mbored，”Isaid.“There'snothingtodohere.”“Oh,there'splentytodo，”shesaid.“Youjusthavetouseyourimagination.”O(jiān)h,Ihadanimaginationallright.AtnightI'dcalltoGrandmafromtheguestroom,terrifiedthatIheardanoiseintheclosetorsawafaceatthewindow.“There'snooneherebutus，”Grandmawouldsay,rubbingmybackuntilIfellasleep.It'stoobadthatimaginationdesertedmeinthedaytime.“Ican'tthinkofanything，”Isaid.“Howaboutalittletrip？”sheasked.Wewalkedalongthebricksidewalks.Wecrossedthestreet.Isawthemovietheater.Myheartbegantorace.Ilovedmovies!But,no,Grandmawalkedrightpastthetheater.“Hereweare，”shesaid,stoppinginfrontofastore.“IthoughtyoumightliketogotoSwitz