Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅠ—WarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending課后篇鞏固提升一、寫作詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Reading部分的詞匯,完成下列小對(duì)話或語段。1.—Theboysaidhecouldlifttheheavystone.—There’sno(疑問)aboutit.

答案doubt2.—I(瞥見)atTominthestreetjustnow.

—Impossible.Itcan’tbehim.He’sgonetoShanghai.答案glanced3.—Howoftendoyou(訂閱)newspapers?

—Itdepends,butusuallytwiceayear.答案subscribeto4.—There’sa(穩(wěn)定的)increaseinthetemperatureduringtherecentyears.

—Yes,ithasbeenlikethisforafewyears.答案steady5.Thescientist(聲稱)thatthetemperatureisgoingto(繼續(xù))(上升)fordecadesorcenturies(即使)westarttoreducetheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.

答案stated;keepon;goingup;evenif二、閱讀詞匯復(fù)習(xí)Reading部分的詞匯,寫出畫線部分的漢語意思。DearRay,Recently,ourmanagertoldmetosortoutthefuel1.consumptioninourcompanyanddrawagraph2.toshowhowmuchfuelisconsumed3.permonth.

Idon’twanttomakethegraphatrandom4..Couldyoupleasehelpmecollectsomeusefuldata5.sothatIcanmakeadetailedgraph?

Iwouldappreciateitifyoucanhelpme.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua答案1.燃料2.圖表3.消費(fèi)4.隨便地5.資料三、根據(jù)漢語及括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子1.他聲明他遲到是因?yàn)楦咚俟飞宪囕v過多。(state;dueto)Hethathislatenesstheveryheavytrafficonthemotorway.

答案stated;wasdueto2.這次事件導(dǎo)致她失去了所擁有的一切。(consequence)Shelosteverythingsheownedtheevent.

答案asaconsequenceof3.這里夏天雨水多,干燥的天氣少。(tend;ratherthan)Italothereinsummerbedry.

答案tendstorain;ratherthan4.小吉姆不愿意到這里來,即使這里有給孩子們提供的各種活動(dòng)。(range)LittleJimisunwillingtocomehereevenifthereisforchildren.

答案afullrangeofactivities5.這個(gè)國(guó)家的人口每年都以穩(wěn)定的速度在增長(zhǎng)。(steady)Thepopulationofthecountryisgrowingperyear.

答案atasteadyrate6.盡管她有時(shí)很惱人,但我還是喜歡她。Ilikehershecanbeannoying.

答案evenif/though7.毫無疑問,我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)將會(huì)成功。(doubt)ourexperimentwillsucceed.

答案Thereisnodoubtthat8.在過去的10年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了極大的變化。(takeplace)inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.

答案Greatchangeshavetakenplace9.請(qǐng)告訴我事故是怎么發(fā)生的。(comeabout)Pleasetellme.

答案howtheaccidentcomeabout10.他強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。(beopposedto)Hethisplan.

答案isstronglyopposedto四、閱讀理解AAnewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggasesmayreduceimportantnutrientsinfoodcrops.Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofcarbondioxideonrice.Intheexperiment,scientistsgrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapan.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistspredictforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白質(zhì)).Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.However,vitaminElevelsincreasedbyabout13percentonaverage.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanet-warminggaseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets.Thatincludesabout600millionpeopleinIndonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Laosandothernations,mainlyinSoutheastAsia.Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesresultingfromclimatechangeandextremeweatherwillreducefoodproduction.Butscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggasesthreatenfoodquality.Earlierstudiesshowedthatwheat,rice,peasandsoybeansgrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsallhadlowerlevelsofproteinandminerals.Scientistspredictedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange.Thatistogrowdifferentformsofricethatcanadapttohighercarbondioxidelevels.1.Growingriceunderhighcarbondioxideconditionsmay.

A.increaseironinthericeB.makeitmoredeliciousC.causealossofvitaminED.makeitlessnutritious答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白質(zhì)).Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.”可知,在二氧化碳含量高的條件下生長(zhǎng)的水稻所含的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)比正常情況下生長(zhǎng)的水稻少了很多。故D項(xiàng)正確。2.Howcanpeoplereducethenutritionalharmofclimatechange?A.ByimportingricefromChinaandJapan.B.Bytakingotherkindsoffoodinsteadofrice.C.ByavoidingeatingricefromSoutheastAsia.D.Bygrowingricesuitablefortheenvironment.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,減少氣候變化對(duì)水稻營(yíng)養(yǎng)破壞的方法是種植一些能夠適應(yīng)二氧化碳含量較高的氣候條件的水稻品種。故D項(xiàng)正確。3.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toinformreadersofwhatnutrientsfoodcropscontain.B.Tocallonpeopletocarefortheplanettheyliveon.C.Tosharetheresultsofsomestudiesonpeople’sdiets.D.Totellreaderswherefoodcropsaremainlyproduced.答案B解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段和倒數(shù)第二段可知,在二氧化碳含量高的條件下生長(zhǎng)的水稻、小麥、豌豆、大豆等植物,其營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)都有不同程度的丟失,這些對(duì)人類生存產(chǎn)生了威脅,因此本文是為了提醒人們關(guān)愛我們生活的地球。故B項(xiàng)正確。4.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Advertisement.B.Artsandculture.C.Sciencereport. D.Businessnews.答案C解析推理判斷題。本文是一篇說明文,主要說明了溫室氣體可導(dǎo)致農(nóng)作物營(yíng)養(yǎng)含量降低,這屬于科學(xué)研究的范圍,與廣告、文化藝術(shù)及商業(yè)新聞無關(guān),故C項(xiàng)正確。B(2020全國(guó)Ⅰ高考)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.5.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.答案D解析段落大意題。由文章第一段可知,一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),城市綠化率越高的區(qū)域犯罪率越低;另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),工作環(huán)境有室內(nèi)植物裝飾時(shí),員工的效率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要講綠色植物的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。6.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的“Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwater”可知,麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師們之所以在植物葉子上放置傳感器,是想監(jiān)測(cè)植物的缺水狀況。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.答案C解析推理判斷題。由文章最后兩段,尤其是最后一段中的“Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.”可推知,將來這種發(fā)光植物可能會(huì)有助于降低能源消耗。故選C項(xiàng)。8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.