2022-2023年甘肅省天水市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Upper-managementoftenleadstotheworkplacenegativitythatisdifficulttocontrol.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

TheIncomeTaxActof1894didnotlastlongbecauseU.S.SupremeCourtthoughtitagainsttheConstitution.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Yourcalorieintakeforbuildingmessisdeterminedby______.

4.

Itisadvisabletoprovideemployeeswithappropriateleadershipand______.

5.Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

6.

Africansregard______asaffectivewaysofknowingthings.

7.

Glossy,"glam"photosarenotrecommendedtobepostedontheonlinedatingsitebecausetheyarenotexactly______.

8.

AfterSamWaltondiedin1992,oneofhissonstookoverWal-Martanditwasthengreatlyexpanded.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Insomemovieswherealiensarecreatedastheenemyofhuman,theyareusuallymonster-likecreatures.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Learntobemorecreativeisjustamatteroffocusingontheendlessflowofideasyouproduce,andlearningto______thenewthat'swithinyou.

11.

AccordingtoEdwardSurarez,peoplewhohavetodomanytasksareproneto______.

12.

Besidesgenes,______factorsalsoplayaroleinourfate.

13.

Allthe9,500womenwhoparticipatedintheresearchwouldhavelittleexercisesorwouldonlywalkjustamileadaybeforetheresearch.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

ThetraditionalideainEurope,Americaandelsewhereisthateggsarelaidby______during

15.

Accordingtotheadvertisement,everydayHRCoffersabout______.

16.

Wildlifeissignificantlyaffectedby______.

17.

Dietandphysicalqualitieswhichpasseddownfromourparentsaffect____________________,anaturalsubstanceintheliverblood.

18.

Shoppersshopforproductsandservicesacrossthecountryandaroundtheworld,theyuse______,usingacomputer.

19.Ifyoucomeupagainstthekillerquestionssuchastheselistedinthepassage,takeafewmomentsto______.

20.

TheInternetmakesservicedeliveryindependentdueto______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：Apple'siPodprofoundlychangedthewaypeopleexperiencemusic．Whatwillitdofortelevision?TheindustryisintriguedbytheannouncementthatepisodesofthehitABCshowsDesperateHousewivesandLostwillbeavailableforApple'snewvideoiPod.Episodeswillgoonsalefor$1.99oniTunesthedayaftertheyarebroadcast．ForABCanditsparentWaltDisneyCo.,thebetisthatthenewtechnologywillbringinmorenewfansoftheprogramsthanwillbetakenawayfromwatchingthemontraditionalbroadcasttelevision.NowtheiPodwilljoindigitalvideorecordersandDVDsasanotherwayofseeingtelevisionprogramsotherthantheirregularlyscheduledtimesontheABCstations．LeonLong，chairmanofABC'saffiliateboardbelievesifviewershavethechoiceofwatchingDesperateHousewivesontheirwide-screentelevisionwithsurroundsoundoratwo-inchiPodscreen，theywillalmostcertainlywatchitonTV．TheiPodoptionwilllikelybeattractivetopeoplewhomissedanepisodeandwanttokeepupwiththestory．Thedownloadsmightalsoappealtotechieswhowanttotryoutthenewproductandmightnotnecessarilybefansoftheprograms,whichcouldbringtheseshowsanewaudience.

(33)

A.Itchangedthesourceofmusic.

B.ItchangedthesourceofTVprograms.

C.ItchangedthewaytoappreciatebothmusicandTVprograms.

D.Itchangedpeople'sopinionontraditionalbroadcasttelevision.

22.(26)

A.Beingunabletocommunicatefacetofacewithothers.

B.Havingexamsandtests.

C.Phonecallsareexpensive.

D.Professorsaretough.

23.

【B9】

24.(13)

A.Tokeephercarpetclean.

B.Toprotecthercarpet.

C.Toavoidtrippingonthecarpet.

D.Tokeeptheirfeetwarm.

25.(19)

A.Fivecontestantswoncars.

B.Thewomanmissedtheshow.

C.Themanateduringtheshow.

D.Fourcontestantsfailedtowinprizes.

26.(21)

A.Becauseitservesonlyafewspecialties.

B.Becauseit'stoocrowded.

C.Becauseit'stoocostly.

D.Becausetheserviceistooslow.

27.聽力原文：AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheFoodCommissionisunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofthesaleofbottledwaterfromJapan.Thewater,angrilyarguedinpublic,hastraveled10,000"foodmiles"beforeitreachesWesterncustomers."TransportingwaterhalfwayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK."ItisalsoworriedthatwearewastingourfuelbybuyingpramsfromIndonesia(7,000foodmiles)andcarrotsfromSouthAfrica(5,900foodmiles).

Countingthenumberofmilestraveledbyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamagedonebyanindustry.Mostfoodistransportedaroundtheworldoncontainershipsthatareextremelyenergyefficient.Itshouldbenotedthatatonofbuttertransported25milesinatrucktoafarmers'marketdoesnotnecessarilyuselessfuelonitsjourneythanasimilarproducttransportedhundredsofmilesbysea.Besides,theideaof"miles"ignorestheamountoffuelusedintheproduction.ItispossibletocutdownyourfoodmilesbybuyingtomatoesgrowninBritainratherthanthosegrowninGhana;thedifferenceisthattheBritishoneswillhavebeenraisedinheatedgreenhousesandtheGhanaianonesintheopensun.

Whattheideaof"foodmiles"doesprovide,however,isthechancetocutoutThirdWorldCountriesfromFirstWorldfoodmarkets.Thenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshould,asIseeit,beregardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobaltradesystem,notasignofdamagetotheenvironment.

26．WhyistheFoodCommissionangry?

27.Whatdoesthephrase"foodmiles"meanaccordingtothepassage?

28.WhatdoesthespeakertrytoexplainbycomparingtomatoesraisedinBritainandinGhana?

29.Whoismostprobablygivingthistalk?

(33)

A.Itfindssomeimportedgoodscauseenvironmentaldamage.

B.UKwastesalotofmoneyimportingfoodproducts.

C.Itthinkspeoplewasteenergybuyingfoodfromothercountries.

D.Growingcertainvegetablescausesenvironmentaldamage.

28.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M：Congratulations!Ijustheardaboutyouracceptanceintolawschool.Doyouthinkyouwouldjoinyourbrother'sfirmaftergraduation?

W：Notlikely.Heisataxlawyer,andIamgoingtomajorincriminallaw．

Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(12)

A.Sheisn'tgoingtochangehermajor.

B.Sheplanstomajorintaxlaw.

C.Shestudiesinthesameschoolasherbrother.

D.Sheisn'tgoingtoworkinherbrother'sfirm.

29.聽力原文：W:Goodmorning!RoomServiceDepartment.MayIhelpyou?

M:Morning!(22)I'dliketobooktworooms.

W:Allright.Whatkindofroomwouldyoulike?Wehavesinglerooms,doublerooms,suitesanddeluxesuites.

M:I'dliketohave(19)twodoubleroomswithprivatebathroomsifpossible.

W:Forwhichdate,please?

M:Fornextweek.(19)ThatisfromMay11thtoMay18th.

W:Holdonplease.Letmecheckifwehaveroomsavailablethen.Ohyes,wedo.

M:Good.Iwouldliketohavenon-smokingrooms.

W:OK.Theyarenon-smokingroomswithprivatebathroomsonthesunnyside,overlookingthesea.

M:Soundsgreat!Whatistheroomratepernight?

W:(19)Thedailyrateforeachroomis300dollars,includingbreakfast.

M:OK,canwegetaccesstotheInternetintheroom?

W:Yes,youcan.

M:Good.(20)Bytheway,doyouhaveanygolfcourse?

W:Sorry.Butwehaveaswimmingpoolandsomeotherservices.You'llfindanicerestaurant,abarandlaundryserviceshere.AndservicessuchasfaxandcopyingareavailableattheBusinessCenter,

M:OK,(22)canIalsobookaconferenceroomfornextweekend?

W:Letmesee.(21)I'llputyoudownfortheGrandRoom,OK?

M:Allright.Thankyou.

W:Mypleasure.ThenmayIhaveyournameandphonenumber,please?

M:Yes,thisisJohnLaurence.Andmyphonenumberis831-7176,ShallIsendyouadeposit?

W:No,youdon'thaveto.Youmaypayonarrival.

(23)

A.$4800.B.$6000.C.$4000.D.$2000.

30.(32)

A.Rape.B.Burglary.C.Aggravatedassault.D.Smuggling.

31.聽力原文：W:Thistoothacheiskillingme!Iwashopingitwouldjustgoawaybutit'sgettingworsebytheminute.Whatdidyousaythenameofyourdentistwas?

M:Itoldyoulastweektomakethatappointment.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(17)

A.Heforgetsthenameofthedentist.

B.Healsosuffersfromtoothachenow.

C.Hesuggestedthewomantoseeadentistaweekago.

D.Hehasbeenbusyalltheweek.

32.聽力原文：About25millionchildrenindevelopingcountrieshavenohomes.Sotheyliveoncitystreets.Another75millionchildrenliveathomebutworkonthestreets.UnitedNationsChildren'sFundsaysmostofthesechildrendonotreceiveeducationorhealthcare.Theprivateorganizationknownas"ChildHopeU.S.A."istryingtodosomethingtohelpthesechildren.Thegrouphasmanygoals.ChildHopeU.S.A.wantstohaltthespreadofAIDSandtheuseofillegaldrugsamongchildren.Itwantstoprotectyounggirlsfrombeingmistreatedsexually.Itwantstoteachchildrenhowtoprotectthemselves,howtosurviveconditionsonthestreetsandhowtofeelgoodaboutthem.ChildHopeU.S.A.istryingtoestablisheducationalprogramsforthechildren.Itis'workingwithlocalgroupstogettheirhelpinprotectingtherightsofstreetchildren.And,itistryingtomakeinternationaldevelopmentgroupsmoreinformedaboutstreetchildren.Somechildrenbeginlivingonthestreetswhentheyarefiveyearsoldoryounger.Four-year-oldscanbefoundsellinggoodsonthestreetcomerorbeggingforfoodandmoney.Someofthesechildrenhavelosttheirfamilies,becauseofwarsornaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakesandfloods.Somearehelpingtheirfamiliesearnenoughmoneytosurvive.StudiesshowthatmorethanonemillionchildrenliveandworkonthestreetsinthePhilippines.SevenmillionchildrenliveonthestreetsinBrazil.About250thousandchildrenliveonthestreetsinMexico.AborntenmillionMexicanchildrenworkonthestreets.ChildHopeU.S.A.workscloselywithinternationalchildren'sgroups,governmentagenciesandothernationalandlocalgroups.IthasofficesinBrazil,Guatemala,thePhilippines,Britain,CanadaandtheUnitedStates.ChildHopeU.S.A.alsoworksto.improvechildlaborlaws.In1992,Pakistanapprovednewlawstocontrolchildlabor.Thelawsmakeitillegalforcompaniestolendmoneytofamiliesandletchildrenrepaytheloanbyworkinginfactories.Yet,abouteightmillionchildrenstillareworkinginPakistantorepayloans.Wewilltalkmoreabouttheproblemsofchildrenindevelopingcountriesnextweek.

(33)

A.25million.B.100million.C.50million.D.75million.

33.

【B10】

34.

【B7】

35.聽力原文：W:Ithinkifyouwanttogetsomeexcitementinyourlifeyououghttobecomealeader.

M:Yes.IfeelatotallydifferentlifewhenIhaveourcompany.

W:Couldyougivemesomesuggestionsonhowtobeagoodleader?

M:Ithinkthebiggestmistakemanypeoplehaveisthattheydon'trealizetherearetwopartsofleadership.Ithinkleadershipcomprisesvisionarydirectionandimplementation.

W:Whataretheyexactly?

M:VisionarydirectionhartiswherewearegoingWhatarewetryingtoaccomplish?Andtheleadershavetotakeamajorroleinsettingthose.Andoncethegoalsareclear,thesecondhartofleadershipishowtogetthere.

W:What'syouroutlookonthosewhowanttoleadandorganize-theirownbusinesses?

M:Well,Ithinkfirstofallyouhavetofindsomethingyoulovetodo.Thenyouhavetofindouthowyoucanmakeabusinessoutofthat.Thencomethebigissuesinrunningabusiness.

W:ThatisthethingIammostconcerned.

M:Nottobeeliminated,youneedagoodfinance.Youneedtohavesomepeopletohelpgetoffthegroundandthenyougraduallylearnaboutmanagingandleadingpeople.

W:SayIamsomeonewhoisjustnowenteringtheworkforce.IamexcitedandpassionateaboutwhatIhavechosentodobutsomehowIhavetokeepthepassion.HowcanImaintainthatkindofexcitementsothatIcanexcel?

M:Ithinkthebestadviceisthatwhenyougotoalobfindsomebodywhoisolderthanyou,whohasmoreexperiencethanyouandaskhimifhewouldbeyourcounselor.

(23)

A.Thegoalsoftheemployees.

B.Theobjectivesoftheorganization.

C.Thestructureoftheorganization.

D.Thepersonalprospectoftheleader.

36.【B5】

37.(31)

A.280poundspersquareinch.

B.40.7poundspersquareinch.

C.47poundspersquareinch.

D.14.7poundspersquareinch.

38.(29)

A.LackofnecessityforanMBAandaneconomicrecession.

B.Lowsalaryandforeigncompetition.

C.FewerMBAschoolsandfewerentry-leveljobs.

D.Decliningpopulationandeconomicprosperity.

39.聽力原文：M:Ifyouareinhurry,youcantakethesubway.Ifyouwanttogosightseeing,takeabus.

W:Actually,Idon'thavetobeattheconferencebeforenoon.

Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

(17)

A.Hurrytotheconference.

B.Skiptheconference.

C.Takethesubway.

D.Takeabus.

40.(16)

A.Hewon'tvoteforthewoman.

B.Hemayalsorunforclasspresident.

C.Heshouldpromisetosupportthewoman.

D.Thewomanshouldaskhisroommatetovoteforher.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhatdocsDr.CharlesBinkleymeanby"doctorsshouldbeboundbytheirconscience,notbythegovernment"inParagraph5?

A.Doctorsshouldnotabidebygovernment'sregulations.

B.Thegovernmentisinterferingtoomuch.

C.Theregulationsaboutworkweekandworkshiftaretoospecific.

D.Lawcannotforceadoctortosleepwhilehisconsciencecan.

42.

Aleadercanhardlymaintainhis/herpositionunlesshe/she______.

A.fulfilsallnecessaryqualityrequirements

B.helpspeopletopreventdefeatsandsorrows

C.failstoattractpeoplewithcommonconcerns

D.lacksappealingandstrength,ofcharacter

43.Coincidentwithconcernsabouttheacceleratinglossofspeciesandhabitatshasbeenagrowingappreciationoftheimportanceofbiologicaldiversity,thenumberofspeciesinaparticularecosystem,tothehealthoftheEarthandhumanbeing.Muchhasbeenwrittenaboutthediversityofterrestrial(陸生的)organisms,particularlytheexceptionallyrichlifeassociatedwithtropicalrainforesthabitats.

Relativelylittlehasbeensaid,however,aboutdiversityoflifeintheseaeventhoughcoralreefsystemsarecomparabletorainforestsintermsofrichnessoflife.AnalienexploringEarthwouldprobablygiveprioritytotheplanet'sdominant,mostdistinctivefeature—theocean.Humanshaveabiastowardlandthatsometimesgetsinthewayoftrulyexaminingglobalissues.Seenfromfaraway,itiseasytorealizethatlandmassesoccupyonethirdoftheEarth'ssurface.GiventhattwothirdsoftheEarth'ssurfaceiswaterandthatmarinelifelivesatalllevelsoftheocean,thetotalthreedimensionallivingspaceoftheoceanisperhaps100timesgreaterthanthatoflandandcontainsmorethan90percentofalllifeonEartheventhoughtheoceanhasfewerdistinctspecies.

Thefactthathalfoftheknownspeciesarethoughttoinhabittheworld'srainforestsdoesnotseemsurprising,consideringthehugenumbersofinsectsthatcomprisethebulkofthespecies.Onescientistfoundmanydifferentspeciesofantsinjustonetreefromarainforest.Whileeveryspeciesisdifferentfromeveryotherspecies,theirgeneticmakeupconstrainsthemtobeinsectsandtosharesimilarcharacteristicswith750,000speciesofinsects.Ifbasic,broadcategoriessuchasphylaandclasses(門和綱)aregivenmoreemphasisthandifferentiatingbetweenspecies,thenthegreatestdiversityoflifeisunquestionablyinthesea.Nearlyeverymajortypeofplantandanimalhassomerepresentationthere.

Toappreciatefullythediversityandabundanceoflifeinthesea,ithelpstothinksmall.Everyspoonfulofoceanwatercontainslifeontheorderof100to100,000bacterialcellsplusassortedmicroscopicplantsandanimals,includinglarvae(幼蟲)oforganismsrangingfromspongesandcoralstostarfishandclamsandmuchmore.

Themaintopicofthepassageisthat______.

A.humansaredestroyingthousandsofspecies

B.therearethousandsofinsectspecies

C.theseaisevenricherinlifethantherainforests

D.coralreefsaresimilartorainforests

44.

【C4】

45.

Whatdoaminorityofexpertsthinkofcriticalthinking?

A.Criticalthinkingdoesnotnecessarilyleadtounethicalthings.

B.Apersonwithcriticalthinkingshouldhavegoodpersonality.

C.Criticalthinkerwouldhardlybehaveunethically.

D.Criticalthinkingendowsapersonwithproperdispositions.

46.Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNye'snewbook.Mr.Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovernmentatHarvard,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluences,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercion(強(qiáng)迫)andforce.

Mr.Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherelationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres.Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved."Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower.Butmodernleadershiptheorieshavecometotheoppositeconclusion.

Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theyobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmoderncompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchies(等級(jí)制)arebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion,Mr.Nyeargues.Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhecalls"smartpower",isthebestapproach.

Thedominationtheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,the"transformationalleadershippattern".Mr.Nyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadershipintoasingle,slimvolume.Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewidercontextcandeterminetheeffectivenessofaparticularleader.Thereareplentyofanecdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorporate.

Leadershipisaslippery(狡猾的)subject,andashedepicts(描述)varioustheories,evenMr.Nyeneverquitenailsthejerrytothewall.Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemoralaspectsofleadership—inparticular,thequestionofwhetheritissometimesnecessaryforgoodleaderstolie—andheprovidesahelpful12-pointsummaryofhisconclusions.Arecurringthemeisthatascircumstanceschange,differentsortsofleadersarerequired,aleaderwhothrivesinoneenvironmentmaystruggleinanother,andviceversa.Ultimatelythatisjustafancywayofsayingthatleadershipoffersnoeasyanswers.

Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhyMr.Nyeissopopularisthat______.

A.headvocatesthatleadersshouldbefeared

B.headvocatestheimportanceofpersuasionandinfluence

C.hewasoncetheleaderofHarvard

D.hethinksthatcoercionshouldgivewaytopersuasion

47.

FromHrncirik'sremarkswecansayanMBAprogramis______.

48.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

ThephysicalfitnessmovementinAmericafollowedtheimmigrationofalargenumberofGermanmigrantsintoAmericawhofledtheircountryduetothe1848revolution.ThemovementbeganfromFredrichLudwigJahnwho(47)______exerciseandsportwithGermanhistoryandtraditionandsawaconnectionbetweenmentalandphysicalhealth.CharlePollen,aJahnstudent,whoopposedtolooseexercise,stressed(48)______mentalandphysicalexercise.Inthemid-west,theGermansestablishedtheirfirstgymnasticinstitutioncalledtheTurnvereininCincinnatiin1848.LatercalledtheTurners,thesegroupsdeveloped(49)______organizedoutingsofpicnics,games,gymnastics,andcelebrationsofGermanculture.

CatherineBeecherpromotedphysicalfitnessforwomen,andfeltthattightclothesnotonlymadesuchexerciseimpossible,butactually(50)______thenaturalform.ofwomen'sbodies,andcouldevenbepassedontofuturegenerationsand(51)______therace.Shewasalsoanadvocateofimproving(52)______andanearlyopponentofgluttony(暴食),believingingredientinfoodstimulatedthe(53)______towardsexcess.Othersadvocatedvegetarianism(素食主義),orsawlackofsunshineasacauseofstomachdiscomfort.Theyhaveparticular(54)______regardless,butallofthefoodreformershadacommonphilosophy:badeatinghabitsledtosocialdisorder.Likephysicalfitnesssupporters,theysawaconnectionbetweenreshapingthebodyandreshapingAmericansocietytoimprovetheindividualandthecountry.

ThephysicalfitnessmovementdeclinedintheyearsprecedingtheCivilWar,then(55)______,asAmericansbegantoliveincitiesandworkedbeforedesksalldaylong.Advocatespromoted"MuscularChristianity,"amovementbeguninEngland,whichstressedthatthebestandmostmoralChristianswerethosewith(56)______bodies.Andthisreallydisturbedthetraditionalideasabouthealth.

WordBank:

A.advanceI.nationally

B.soundJ.shaped

C.rapidlyK.nutrition

D.spoiledL.appetite

E.preferenceM.revived

F.marvelousN.alternative

G.degradeO.rigorous

H.unified

49.

TheFCC'snewpolicyregardingmediaalliancesisthat______.

A.itallowscompaniestoselltheirstockspublicly

B.itdoesn'tallowcompaniestoselltheirstockspublicly

C.itpermitsonecompanytoownmoremediabusinessesatthesametime

D.ithaseliminatedallpost-1980companies

50.

Weknowfromthefirstparagraphthatpeopleinoldtimes______.

A.weremoreenthusiasticaboutthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology

B.hadastrongersenseofbeauty

C.over-dependentonlaborsavingdevices

D.paidmoreattentiontomaterialbenefits

51.

WhatcanweinferfromPara.4?

A.Americansweremuchconcernedaboutandwellpreparedforthepossiblethreat.

B.Nuclearplantswerethemostimportantplacesthatneedprotection.

C.Washington,DCwouldbeperfectlysafeundertheprotectionofsurface-to-airmissiles.

D.TheseprotectivemethodswillmakeAmericanslessworriedaboutthepossibletreat.

52.

Whatisthegeneralattitudeofthestudentsatthisstageofdevelopmenttowardstheirschooleducation?

53.

What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Whichisbetter:hearingaidorlip-reading?

B.Howtoimprovethequalityofahearingaid.

C.Thedifficultiesthedeafmeetinlife.

D.Howtohelppeoplewholosehearing.

54.

Whichword(s)inthepassagecanbestreplacethephrase"naturalselection"?

55.

Harringtonbranchedoutandshehasthreebakerieswiththecommonnameof______.

56.

Ina"primarysuccession",whatmakesitpossibleformossestotakeroot?

A.Thetypeofrock.

B.Theamountofsunlight.

C.Theamountofmoisture.

D.Theeffectoflichens.

57.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?

A.Crowshaverelativelylonglives.

B.Crowshavekeenvision.

C.Crowsareusuallysolitary.

D.Crowsareveryintelligent.

58.

Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Tocastdoubtontheoriginofastrology.

B.Tocompareastrologywithrealsciences.

C.Topointoutthepopularityofastrology.

D.Tojustifytheincredibilityofastrology.

59.Inthewriter'sopinion,propagandacancausemoreharmby______.

A.arousingouremotions

B.distractingourattention

C.usingfalsereasoning

D.presentingpopularissues

60.Citiesmakegoodhomesforperegrinefalconsbecausetheyprovide______.

A.bountifulnestingareas,abundantfood,andrainwatercontrolbasins

B.abundantfood,buildingsthatresemblecliffs,endnonaturalpredators

C.largebuildingswithchimneys,otherwildlife,andwell-lightednestingareas

D.abundantfood,chimneys,rubble,andwindowsills

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S3】

62.

【S2】

63.【S5】

64.Technically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormen-

talfunctioningisadrug.ManypeoplemistakenbelievethetermdrugrefersS1.______

onlytosomesortofmedicineoranillegalchemicaltakenwithdrugaddicts.S2.______

Theydon'trealizethatfamiliarsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccoarealso

notdrugs.ThisiswhythemoreneutraltermsubstanceisnowusedbymanyS3.______

physicianandpsychologists.Thephrase"substanceabuse"isoftenusedin-S4.______

steadof"drugabusive"tomakeclearthatsubstancessuchasalcoholandto-S5.______

baccocanbejustasharmfullyusedasheroinandcocaine.WeliveinasocietyS6.______

whichthemedicinalandsocialuseofsubstancesispervasive:anaspirintoS7.______

quiteaheadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthemorning,S8.______

acigaretteforthenervous.WhendothesesociallyacceptableandapparentlyS9.______

constructiveuseofasubstancebecomemisuses?Firstofall,mostsubstances

takeninexcesswillproducepositiveeffectssuchaspoisoningorintenseper-S10.______

petualdistortions.Repeateduseofasubstancecanalsoleadtophysicaladdic-

tionorsubstancedependence.

【S1】

65.

【S5】

五、6.Translation(5題)66.Thesoldiers____________(由于沒有休息一直向前走而感到非常疲憊)inablizzard.

67.Manymanufacturerswereaccusedofconcentratingtooheavilyoncostreductio