Fireworks-explosionsintheairBeforeyoustart(1)Glancequicklyatthetext.Circlethetopicsinthelistbelowthatareinthetext.injuriescausedbyfireworks;thefirstfireworks;thecostoffireworks;reasonswhyfireworkswereused;howpeoplereacttofireworksReading(1)Fireworks-thenandnowWhenyoulookattheupturnedfacesofpeopleatafireworksdisplay,theyarefullofdelight.Gaspsofwondercomefromyoungandoldalikeasrocketsexplodeloudlyintobrilliantshowersofcolouredlighthighinthenightsky.Fireworksdisplaysarepartofbigoccasionsallovertheworld-NewYearinChina,IndependenceDayintheUnitedStates,GuyFawkes'DayintheUnitedKingdom,BastilleDayinFrance.TheearliestfireworkswerefirecrackersthatwereusedinChinafromabout200BCwhenpeoplethrewpiecesofdrybamboointofires.Thepieceswouldexplodewithahugebang.Nodoubtpeoplehadgreatfunexplodingbamboo,buttherewasanotherreasonformakingallthisnoise.TheChinesebelievedthatattheendofeverywinteralegendarywildbeastcallednianwouldharmpeopleandstealtheirthings.Thesoundsoftheexplodingbamboowouldscarethisdangerousanimalaway.Thewordniancametomean"year"andlettingofffirecrackersonNewYear'sEvehasbeenacustominChinaandamongChinesecommunitiesaroundtheworldeversince.InabouttheeighthcenturyAD,afireworksmixtureofsaltpetre(potassiumnitrate),sulphurandcharcoalwasdiscoveredinChina.Piecesofbamboowerefilledwiththismixture(laterknownasgunpowder),afusewasputonthesideandlittoproduceloudexplosions.Thesefireworkswereoriginallyforshows,butlaterarmiesusedthemtoscareawaytheirenemiesinwar.Todayafireworkconsistsofapapertubefilledwithfireworksmixture.Differentchemicalsinthemixturecreatedifferentcoloursandaffectthebrightnessandlengthoftimethefireworkscanburn.Itseemsasthougheverytimewegotoashow,thefireworksaremoresophisticatedandawe-inspiringthantheonesbefore.(310words/__minutes)Vocabularygasp喘息；驚叫shower陣雨般的東西；陣雨legendary傳說(shuō)(中)的saltpetre硝石；硝酸鉀sulphur硫，硫磺charcoal炭potassiumnitrate硝酸鉀fuse引信，信管；導(dǎo)火線sophisticated精密的，復(fù)雜的，精致的awe-inspiring令人驚嘆的；令人敬畏的Exercise1Readthetexttofindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.Matchthenumberofeachparagraphwiththecorrectmainidea.PARAGRAPH12345MAINIDEAAthehistoryoffirecrackersBthebeautyoffireworksCthediscoveryofgunpowderDfireworksmixturetodayEfestivitiesthatincludefireworksdisplaysExercise2Answerthequestions.1.Whatwerethefirstfirecrackersmadeofandhowdidtheywork?2.Whydoesthewordnianmean"year"?3.WhentheChinesefirstusedfireworksinwarfare,whatdidtheyusethemfor?4.Whatistheeffectofusingdifferentchemicalsinfireworksmixture?Beforeyouread(2)Glancequicklyatthepamphletopposite.Whatisthepurposeofthepamphlet?Whatisthemostimportantpieceofadvicethatitgives?Reading(2)PreventinginjuriesfrombackyardfireworksDidyouknowthatamateurfireworksdisplaysareverydangerous,especiallytochildren?Lookatthesestatistics:●Abouthalfofthepeopleinjuredbyfireworksareunder15;●Thepartsofthebodymostofteninjuredaretheeyes,hands,andheadandface;●Malesareinjuredtwiceasoftenasfemales;●Thosewholightfireworksareinjuredmorefrequentlyandmoreseriouslythanbystanders;●Fireworkscancauselife-threateningfires.Watchprofessionalfireworksdisplaysonly.Theyaremorespectacularandmuchsaferthanplayingwithfireworksatyourhomeorinthelocalpark.Evensparklersaredangerous.Theyreachatemperatureof980°CBut...ifyouaredeterminedtolightyourownfireworks,herearesomethingsyoucandotopreventinjuries.TheDOs●Makesurethefuseorwickislongenoughtoavoidburns.●Wearsafetyglassestoprotectyoureyes.●Followallwarninglabelsonthefireworks.●Keepallfireworksawayfromanyflammableliquids,drygrassyareasoropenbonfires.●Takenoteofanysuddenwindchangethatcouldcausesparksordebristofallonacar,houseorbystander.●Makesureyouhaveaccesstowaterincasethereisafire.TheDON'Ts●Don'tstandtooclosetofireworksandmakesurebystandersarewelloutoftheway.Inparticular,don'tallowsmallchildrennearfireworks.●Don'teverattempttopickupandrelightafireworkthathasfailedtolightor"gooff".●Don'tputfireworksinaluminumcansorglassbottles.●Don'tsmokecigaretteswhenhandlinganyfireworks.(270words/________minutes)NotesInmanycountriesfireworkscanbesetoffonlyaspartofanorganizeddisplay,supervisedbylicensedpyrotechnicians(煙火技術(shù)員).Lawsoftenrestrictthepublicsaleoffireworks.Insomecircumstances,adultsmaygetalicencetodisplayfireworks.Vocabularybystander旁觀者life-threatening對(duì)生命構(gòu)成威脅的sparkler(放出小火花的)花炮wick引信flammable易燃的debris碎片Exercise3Arethesestatementstrueorfalse?1.Moremalesthanfemalesareinjuredbyfireworks.2.Bystandersdon'tgetinjured.3.It'sOKtotrytorelightafireworkthathasn'tgoneoff.4.Children'scuriosityaboutfireworkscanleadthemtododangerousthings.5.Sparksfromfireworkscancausefires.Exercise4Doesthepamphletencourageordiscouragefireworks?Howdoyouknow?Beforeyoustart(3)Quicklylookatthechartsandtableopposite.Whatareallthreeabout?Whattimeperioddotheycover?Wherearethesestatisticsfrom?Exercise5ReadthetableandthechartsinReading(3)andthencompletethesummaryofthestatistics.Fortheperiod23(1)______to23(2)______2000intheUSA,childrenunder(3)______experiencedalmost15%ofallfireworksinjuries.Childreninthe5to14agegroupaccountedforabout(4)______%oftheinjuries.Thismeansthatalmost(5)______(48%)oftheinjuriesweretothoseunder(6)______Peopleover44experiencedlessthan(7)______%oftheinjuries.Themostcommonpartsofthebodyinjuredwerethe(8)______(30%)andthehandsandfingers((9)______%).About75%ofinjuriesweretotheeyes,handsandfingers,andtheheadandfaceregion.(10)______werethemostcommontypeoffireworktocauseinjury,accountingfor24%ofallinjuries,followedby(11)______((12)______%)and(13)______((14)______%).Reading(3)Vocabularytrunk(人、動(dòng)物的)軀干device裝置altered改動(dòng)的，改裝的NotesThestatisticswerecollectedfortheperiod23Juneto23Julyasthisisthemontharoundthe4July(IndependenceDay)celebrationsintheUSA.Keys:Beforeyoustart(1)thefirstfireworks,reasonswhyfireworkswereusedExercise11--B2--E3--A4--C5--DExercise21.Thefirstfirecrackersweremadeofbamboo.Theyexplodedwhenpeoplethrewpiecesofitinthefire.2.Becausetherewasalegendthatattheendofeverywinterawildbeastcallednianwouldappear.3.Toscareawaytheirenemies.4.D