關(guān)于中考定語(yǔ)從句第1頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月考點(diǎn)揭密在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞、代詞，并由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句稱為定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞(詞組成句子)稱為先行詞，初中教材著重介紹了關(guān)系代詞that,which,who所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。第2頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月中考考點(diǎn)設(shè)置1.定語(yǔ)從句為新教材著重要求掌握的內(nèi)容，從2003年考題來(lái)看，全國(guó)均未作為重點(diǎn)考查項(xiàng)目，但定語(yǔ)從句的學(xué)習(xí)在閱讀理解內(nèi)容中出現(xiàn)頻率較多。2.著重掌握引導(dǎo)詞的選用，特別是一定的特定境況下只能用that,不能用which的情況：第3頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月LiMingisaboy.LiMingisagoodboy.LiMingisagoodboy

.形容詞作定語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)在復(fù)合句中，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句作定語(yǔ)叫做定語(yǔ)從句。goodwithglasseswhoiswearingglasses句子作定語(yǔ)第4頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)為例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Theman

drivingtoofast

wasdrunk.

定語(yǔ)從句在英語(yǔ)中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasdrunk.第5頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別Ihaveasister.She

worksinShanghai.

代替sister普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasister

who/that

worksinShanghai.關(guān)系代詞：（如上例who/which）

1.代替先行詞;2.它還在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分;3.同時(shí)連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。（把主句和從句連起來(lái)）第6頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.

關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。Thebuilding

which/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.

先行詞

關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句which/that是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞thebuilding,同時(shí)擔(dān)任從句中的主語(yǔ)，也起連詞的作用，把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來(lái)。第7頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

關(guān)系詞判斷步驟:

首先，要看先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞可用

who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系代詞可用which或that;

然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表第8頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月指代所做成分是否可省略that人；物主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省which物主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省who人主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省whom人賓語(yǔ)可省whose人；物定語(yǔ)不可省關(guān)系代詞的用法第9頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

最后，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致.

注:定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。

Thewoman

who/that

spokeatthemeetingyesterday

is

my

mother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(敘述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))(從句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示過(guò)去時(shí)間)第10頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月第11頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月thetallthestrongthecleverboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTom第12頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主語(yǔ))Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.

TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.第13頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞who,that作主語(yǔ)1.Yourfriendcametoseeyouyesterday.2.YourfriendstudiesinBeijingUniversity.

Yourfriendwho/that

studiesinBeijingUniversitycametoseeyouyesterday.第14頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞whom,that作賓語(yǔ)1.Heistheman.2.Youhavebeenwaitingfortheman.

Heistheman(whom/that)

youhavebeenwaitingfor.第15頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞which,that作主語(yǔ)1.Itsoundedlikeatrain.2.Atrainwasgoingundermyhouse.

Itsoundedlikeatrainwhich/that

wasgoingundermyhouse.第16頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞which/that作賓語(yǔ)1.Theearthisabigball.2.Weliveontheearth.

Theearth(which/that)

weliveonisabigball.第17頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞

1.who指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Theman(

who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.第18頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.

(賓語(yǔ))

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterday

willgiveusatalk.第19頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月4.which指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?第20頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月appletheredthe

greenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.第21頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.注意:

固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat…關(guān)系代詞與介詞:

介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí),介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略)第22頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞

3.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.第23頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞whose作定語(yǔ)

1.Doyouknowtheman?2.Theman’swatchismissing.

Doyouknowthemanwhose

watchismissing?第24頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月它還可以同ofwhich互換

whose+n.=then.+ofwhich1.Pleasepassmethebook.2.Thebook’scoverisgreen.

Pleasepassmethebookthecover

ofwhichisgreen.

Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen第25頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月1.YesterdayImetMrLi_________toldmethewholematter.2.Thisistheman______daughterisinmyclass.3.Thebook___________theysentmeisverygood.練一練who/that(which/that)whose第26頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

————關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。

where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn).

when:

在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。1.Thehotelwasn’tclean.

+Westayedatthehotel.Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.第27頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月2.I’llneverforgettheday.

IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.

I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheLeague.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheLeague.第28頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

但要注意在以下6種情況下,指物時(shí)用that不用which,who第29頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月1.先行詞是all,any,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,theone

等時(shí)①Thereismuch

that

shouldbeused.第30頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月2.先行詞被all,any,no,only,little,much,very,every,some,few,none

等修飾時(shí)①I(mǎi)havereadallthebooks(that)

yougaveme.②Everydictionarythat

ourlibraryboughtisgood.第31頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月練一練1.Youmaytakeanythinguseful____youwant.

2.Thisistheverybook____I‘mlookingfor.

3.Thisistheonlything____wecando.

4.Weshoulddoall____isusefultothepeople.thatthatthatthat第32頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月3.當(dāng)先行詞前有形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)①ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.第33頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月4.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),包括thelast.①Thefirstlessonthat

Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.②TheGreatWallisthelastplacethat

Mr.Smithisgoingtovisit

beforeheleavesBeijing.第34頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

5.在以which,who作主語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中的定語(yǔ)從句中①Whoisthemanthat

isreadingabookthere?

②Whichisthemagazinethat

youborrowedfromthereadingroom?第35頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月6.當(dāng)先行詞既有表示人又有表示物的詞時(shí)①Wetalkedofthethingsandpersons

that

weremembered.第36頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用

who,不用that

先行詞是anyone,someone,those時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?

第37頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Exercise1:用關(guān)系代詞填空Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/that(which/that)who/that(which/that)第38頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.第39頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Exercise2.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.Sayall________youknow.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something,anything,nothing,

all

等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.第40頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat第41頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月1.Theperson_________youshouldwritetoisMrBall.2.Theteacherfrom________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.3.Therunner____________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.4.Thegirl____________youarelookingforisintheclassroom.5.Themeeting_________weshalltakepartinwillbeheldinahotel.6.Thefactory__________Iworkedinforovertwoyearshasbeenclosed.7.Theairport________is30kilometresawayistheonlyoneinthecity8.Theperson________wontheracewasawomanfromSichuan.(who/whom/that)whom(who/whom/that)(who/whom/that)(that/which)(that/which)that/whichwho/that第42頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月3.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that

4.Haveyoufoundthewoman____pursewaslost?A.herB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose第43頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月5.Mr.Smithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho____inChina.A.workB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hadworking

6.All____canbedonehasbeendone.A.WhichB.thatC.whatD.who第44頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月7.Whenhecamebackfromabroad,Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople___hehadvisited.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.that8.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone____familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose第45頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwho/thatissmoking.Whereisthepicture(that/which)youboughtlastweek?第46頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月由Who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ)\賓語(yǔ)1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whomB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom第47頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做賓語(yǔ)介詞提前時(shí)只能用whom第48頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月7、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.

whichisgrownC.thatisgrown8、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what9、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which10、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.that由Which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ)\賓語(yǔ)介詞提前時(shí)只能用whichthat第49頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月11.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.thatB.whichC.who12.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.that13.Jimwasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___，ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whichB.whoC.what由Which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句（不能用that）第50頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月14.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose15.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國(guó)的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose16.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,在句中做定語(yǔ)第51頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月26.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行詞被既有人又有物時(shí)只能用that引導(dǎo)第52頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Thenecklace_____yougavemeformybirthdayisgood.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what典型例題解析CPollywasthethief_______stoleMum'snecklace.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.whatATheone_________hegavemeisblack.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whatB第53頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Thisisthemostinterestingstory

Ihaveheardof.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatTheone_________oneathousanddollarsturnedouttobefalse.A.whichcostB.whichspendC.thatcostD.thatspend典型例題解析CThisisthefirstarticle

hehaswritteninEnglish.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatBB第54頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thereisnothing_________Icando.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what2.Doyouknowtheman_________iswearingglasses?A.whoB.whichC.whatD.where3.Theboy_________isplayingfootballismybrother.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where4.I'llneverforgettheday_________Ifirstmether.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.when5.Ican'tfindthebook_________mymotherboughtme.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)第55頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月6.Thefilm________Isawyesterdaywasveryinteresting.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.that7.Thisisthepan_________Iheatthemilk.A.whichB.whereC.withwhichD.inwhich8.Isthereanything_________Icanhelpyou?A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what9.All____isneededisafewhandstohelpwiththework.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.things10.Isthisthefactory_________youwishtovisit?A.thatB.whereC.whenD.what(D)(D)(A)(B)(A)第56頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月11.I'mreadingabook_________iswrittenbyLuxun.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.when12.Iliketheteacher_________gaveusatalklastweek.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where13.Thisisoneofthebeautifulmountains_________Ihaveseenbefore.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.that14.After20yearshewentbacktothecity_________heusedtolive.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that15.MrGreenisonlyoneofthoseforeigners_________areworkinginChina.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.whose(A)(A)(D)(A)(A)第57頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月16.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything________ismissing.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where17.Ihatepeople________talkedmuchbutdo____

A.who，fewB.that，fewC.which，littleD.who，little18.I'llshootanyone_________moves.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.who19.Idon'tknowthereason_____hewaslatethismorning.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.who20.Wearelookingforathief_____parrotsandnecklaces.A.wholikestealingB.wholikesstealingC.thatliketostealD.whichlikestosteal(B)(D)(D)(B)(C)第58頁(yè)，課件共67頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

單項(xiàng)選擇。

1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark____builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Th