120140ListeningSectionDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Heknowswhois B.HeiseagertoknowwhoitC.Hedoesn’twanttoopenthe D.Heisreadytoopenthe2.A.By B.By C.By D.By3.A. B. C. D.4.A.Shewentto B.ShewenttoanC.Shestayedat D.Shestayedwithher5.A.Inadoctor’s B.Inaprofessor’sC.Inanoperating D.Inanemergency6.A.ThemanpaidthetuitionforlearningB.ThemangotalotofmoneyforhishardC.HishardworkwasnotrewardingatD.HisworkbeforethetestledtoagoodA.Afurnished B.ArecentC.Afurther D.AnewA.Theywillgo B.TheywillclimbC.Theywillbuysome D.TheywillforecasttheweatherA.HehasanotherlecturetoB.HehasnointerestintheC.He’sattendedthesamelecturegivenbyProfessorWilsonD.Hemightmissthelecture,ifthewomandidn’tremindA.Shefullyagreeswiththe B.TheyareuncertainabouttheC.Shedisagreeswiththe D.ShethoughtthemanwasalwaysSectionDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.音A.PeopleareencouragedtobeaB.LearningwoodworkingisnotashardasyouC.LearningwoodworkingwillhelpyouknowmoreD.TakingaclassinwoodworkingwillbeveryA.BecauseIamatalentinthisartandwanttoshareitwithB.BecauseIaminterestedinitandwanttoshowittoC.BecauseIwonderhowtopickmaterialsandhowtodoitD.Becauseit’sagoodwaytoknowmorepeopleinterestedinA.Youcanexpecttodowoodworkingperfectlytheveryfirst ngwoodworkingmeansbeingaloneforC.YoucanalsolearnfromotherpeopleinterestedinD.TakingaclassinwoodworkingcostsalotofQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingA. yzecausesandeffectsofusingacreditB.ToencouragepeopletoborrowmoneyfromC.ToletpeopleknowtheresponsibilityinusingacreditD.TopresenttheeffectofcomputersinpopularizingtheuseofcreditA.ThedevelopmentofB.People’sgreedinessformoreC.People’sneedsforlesspaperD.People’slearningtobemoreA.TolearntoberesponsiblebyusingcreditB.TostopusingcreditcardsandborrowmoneyfromfriendsorC.TopaymoneybackasfastaspossibleafterusingcreditD.TostopborrowingmoneyanduseyourownfundsforshopQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingA.A B.AnC.A D.AA.ShewantstosparemoreroomforsomethingB.ShewantstoturntheiroldstuffintocashatalowC.SheknowsthatthesalesconsultantbeforethemanD.ShejustwantstocleanuptheirA.RudyislikelytobuytheirB.RudywillcomeandtaketheirstuffC.RudyysguitaraswellastheD.RudywillhelpthemwiththeadandtheA.HisoldB.Theirappliances,jewelry,furnitureandexerciseC.ThespringcleanupD.Thelowcostofadandfriendly randvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent ticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Apainterhangshisorherfinishedpicturesonawall,andeveryonecanseeit.Acomposerwritesawork,butnoonecanhearit itisperformed.Professionalsingersandyershavegreatresponsibilities,forthecomposerisabsolu ydependentonthem.Astudentofmusicneedsaslongandastoughatrainingto eaperformerasamedicalstudent e）adoctor.Mosttrainingis formusicianshavetobeasmuscularlyskillfulasanathleteoraballetdancer.Singerspracticebreathingeveryday,astheirvocalchords（聲帶）wouldbeinadequatewithout_24 _（control）muscularsupport.Stringyerspracticemovingthefingersofthelefthandupdown,whiledrawingthebowbackandforthwiththerightarm, aretwoentirelydifferentmovements.Singersandinstrumentshavetobeabletogeteverynoteperfectlyintune. （spare）thisparticularanxiety,forthenotesarealreadythere,anditisthepianotuner’sresponsibilitytotunetheinstrumentfor .Buttheyhavetheirowndifficulties;thehammersthathitthestringmustbedealtwithcarefullynottosoundlikedrumorbass,andeachtone,evenifyedveryfast,hastosoundclear.Theproblem （face）studentconductorsisthattheyhavetolearntoknoweverynoteofthemusicand itshouldsound,andtheyneedtoaimatcontrollingthesesoundwithenthusiasticbutselflessauthority.Techniqueisofnouseunlessitiscombinedwithmusicalknowledgeand sarethosewhoaresothoroughlyathomeinthelanguageofmusic theycanenjoyperformingworkswritteninanycentury.SectionDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.sB.C.D.E.F.H.J. DearAdmissionsIhadthepleasureofteachingSarainher11thgradehonorsEnglishclassatMarkTwainHighSchool.Fromthefirstdayofclass,Saraimpressedmewithherabilitytoclearlyexindifficult andtexts,hersensitivitytotheslightdifferenceswithinli ture,andherpassionforreading,writing,andcreativeexpression—bothinandoutoftheclassroom.Saraisatalentedli rycriticandpoet,andshehasmyhighest asastudentandwriter.Saraistalentedatconsideringtheeleganceswithinli tureandthe authors'works.Sheproducedanextraordinaryyear-longthesispaperoncreativeidentitydevelopment,inwhichshecomparedworksfromthreedifferenttimeperiodsandsynthesizedculturalandhistorical toinformherysis.Whencalledupontogiveherthesisdefenseinfrontofherpeers,Saraspokeclearlyand aboutherconclusionsandrespondedtoquestionsinathoughtfulway.Outsideoftheclassroom,Saraisdevotedto rypursuits,especiallytopoetry.Shepublishesherpoetryinourschool'sli rymagazine,aswellasinonlinemagazines.Sheisaninsightful,sensitive,anddeeplyself-awareindividualdrivento art,writing,andadeeperunderstandingofthehumancondition.ThroughouttheyearSarawasanactiveparticipantinourdiscussions,andshealwayssupportedherpeers.Hercaringnatureand alityallowhertoworkwellwithothersinateamsetting,asshealwaysrespectsothers'opinionsevenwhentheydifferfromherown.Whenweheldaclassdebateaboutgunlaws,Sarachosetospeakforthesideoppositeherownviews.Sheexinedherchoiceas byadesiretoputherselfinotherpeople'sshoes,viewtheissuesfromanew,andgainaclearersenseoftheissuefromallangles.Throughouttheyear,Sara thisopennesstotheopinions,feelings,andsofothers,alongwithsharppowersofobservation,all thatmakeheroutstandingasastudentofli andburgeoningwriter.IamcertainthatSaraisgoingtocontinuetodogreatandcreativethingsinherfuture.I mendherforadmissiontoyourundergraduateprogram.Sheistalented,caring,dedicated,andfocusedinherpursuits.Saraconsistentlyseeksout feedbacksoshecanimproveherwritingskills,whichisarareandimpressivequalityinahighschoolstudent.Saraistrulyastand-outindividualwhowillimpresseveryoneshemeets.Pleasefeeltocontactmeifyouhaveanyquestionsatcallm ReadingComprehensionSectionA

Ms.MarkTwainHighDirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TheParisagreementtofightclimatechangebecameinternationallawFriday.Thelandmarkdealaimstodealwithglobalwarmingamonggrowing thattheworldis hotterevenfasterthanscientistsexpected.Sofar,96countries,accountingforjustovertwo-thirdsoftheworld’sgreenhouseemissions,haveformallyjoinedtheagreement,which tolimitglobalwarmingthiscenturyto2degreesCelsius(3.6degreesFahrenheit)abovewhatitwasbeforemachines appearedinthelate1700s.TheUnitedStates enteredintotheagreementinSeptember,andmorecountriesareexpectedtocomeaboardinthecomingweeksandmonths.UnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralBan-KiMooncelebratedtheevent,talking ernmentalgroupsatU.N.headquartersinNewYorktoheartheirconcernsand forthefuture.“Thisisanemotionalmomentforme.Itisacredittoallofyou.Anditis fortheworld,”Bansaidinhisopeningremarks.Hepraisedthe forgettinghundredsofmillionsofpeopletobackfightingclimatechangebut eremaineduncertain.“Wearestillinarace time.Weneedtomoveontoalow-emissionandclimate-sustainablefuture,”Banadded.Scientistspraisedthespeedatwhichtheagreement,signedby192partieslastDecemberinParis,hascome ,sayingitshowsanewcommitmentbytheinternationalcommunity aproblemthatismeltingpolaricecaps,sendingsealevels andtransformingvastareasintodesert. therealeffectoftheagreementafteritgoesintoeffectisstilluncertain,itisasimplesignthattheinternationalsocietyismuchmoreopentoaltereconomicandpoliticalbehaviortocontrolclimatechange,whichis positive,”saidFengQi,executivedirectoroftheSchoolofEnvironmentalandSustainabilitySciencesatKeanUniversityinNewJersey.Scientistsand saytheagreementisthefirststepofamuchlongerandprocessofreducingtheuseoffossilfuels,whichcurrently themajorityoftheenergyneedsandalsoaretheprimarydriversofglobal41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44.A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.B.C.D.48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.undernoB.ontheC.innoD.byall54.A. B.C.D.55.A. B.SectionC.D.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.A科.網(wǎng)Iusedtothinkantsknewwhatthey ng.Theonesmarchingacrossmycounterlookedsoconfident;Ijustfiguredtheyhadan,knewwheretheyweregoingandwhatneededtobedone.Howelsecouldantsorganizehighways,buildelaboratenests,launchimpressiveattacks,anddoalltheotherthingsantsTurnsoutIwaswrong.Antsaren’tcleverlittleengineers,architects,orsoldiersafterall---atleastnotasindividuals.Whenitcomestodecidingwhattodonext,mostantsdon’thaveaclue.“Ifyouwatchananttryto plishsomething,you’llbeimpressedbyhowawkwarditis,”saysDeborahM.Gordon,abiologistatStanfordUniversity.“Antsaren’tsmart,”Gordonsays.“Antcoloniesare.”Acolonycansolveproblemsunthinkableforindividualants,suchasfindingtheshortestpathtothebestfoodsource,assigningworkerstodifferenttasks,ordefendingaterritoryfromneighbors.Asindividuals,antsmightbetinydummies,butascoloniestheyrespondquicklyandeffectivelytotheirenvironment.Theydoitwithsomethingcalledcollectivein Wherethisinligencecomesfromraisesanessentialquestioninnature:Howdothesimpleactionsofindividualantsadduptothecomplexbehaviorofagroup?Howdohundredsofhoney-beesmakeacriticaldecisionabouttheirhive(蜂巢)ifmanyofthemdisagree?Thecollectiveabilitiesofsuchanimals---oneofwhichgraspsthebigpicture,buteachofwhichcontributesthegroup’ssuccess---seemmiraculouseventothebiologistswhoknowthembest.Yetduringthepastfewdecades,researchershavecomeupwithfascinatinginsights.Theauthor’sformerfalseimpressionaboutantsisthathethoughtthemtobe A. B. C. D.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheAntswillfunctionasasinglebodyonceadecisionismadebytheAntsaretheonlyspecieswhichdevelopedcollective TheantqueenysaroleinmanagingantworkersbesideslayingAnindividualantcan’tcomprehendthewholeprocessofabigTheparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydealwith wherewecanobservesuchfantasticbehaviorofwhichistheleadingantinchargeofthehowthecollectiveinligencewhatinspirationcanbedrawnfromthecollectiveBTheideaofusingradioorwirelesstobroadcasttoaudienceswasformedin1916byaoftheAmericanMarconi,DavidSarnoff.Hissuperiorsweredoubtfulabouthisideato“makeradioahouseholdcause,sothatbypurchaseofa‘radiomusicbox’,theaudiencecouldenjoylectures,musicperformance,FouryearslatertheAmericanengineerFrankConrad,anemployeeatWECorp,attractedconsiderableattentionwhenalocalnewspaperreportedonthegrowingaudiencelisteningoncrystalradiosetstohiseveningandweekendamateurbroadcasts.AlocalmusicstorehadprovidedrecordstoyontheVictoria,andConradandhisfamilyservedasdiscjockeys(唱片音樂播音員).WestinghouseviceHarryDavisaskedConradtobuildamorepowerfultransmitter(發(fā)射臺(tái))intimetoannouncethe eofthenextUSialelection.Conradcompletedhisassignment,andonNovember2,1920,stationKDKAinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,broadcasttheannouncementthatWarrenG.Hardinghadbeenelected.About1000peopleheardthisfirstnewsbroadcast.Radiocommunicatednewsmuchfasterthandidnewspapers,andbecausecrystalsetseasytobuildandinexpensive,radioexpandedrapidlyinthefollowingyears.Tostimulatethesaleofradiosets,equipmentmanufacturesprovidedtransmittingfacilities.Singers,comedians,andentireorchestrasvolunteeredtheirservicesforpublicity.Theeventualfinancialbasisoftheindustry,however,wasstillunclear.OnegroupinNewYorkCitytriedtoseekcontributionsfromlistenerswhileothersurgedthatprivatefoundationssupportradiostationsasapublicservice.InAugust1922thefirstcommercialradioadvertisementwasbroadcastonWEAF(nowWNBC)inNewYorkCity.In1926,whenabout5millionhomeshadradios,theRadioCorporationofAmerica(RCA),incooperationwiththeAmerican ephone& egraph,establishedthefirstcommercialradionetwork.Inthe1920sradiowasestablishedasanewmassmediumhadapracticableindustry,anditbecameanationalforum()fornewsandpopularculture.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith thecontributionofradiotopopulartheinventionandusesofearlyradioprogramsforamassthehistoryofradioWhostartedbroadcastingradioprogramstomassA.Frank B.David C.Harry D.WarrenAfter1920,radioexpandedrapidlybecause peoplecouldeasilygetitin B.itwascheaperthanC.ithadadvantagesover D.peoplewereinterestedinanythingBysayingthat“theeventualfinancialbasisofthenewindustrywasstillunclear”,theauthormeansthat theprivatefoundationswereunwillingtosupportthethestationswerenotsureyetwheretogettheoperationaladvertisingandcommercialprogramscouldnotraiseenoughthelistenerswouldnotpayforthebroadcastingCItcouldbesaidthattheageofadventurepeakedwithSirEverestShackletonthemomenthisship,theEndurance, ehopelesslylockediniceonitswaytoAntarcticainJanuary1915.Fortenmonthsthe28menaboardShackleton’sshipwaitedandprayedforicetobreak.Whenitfinallydid,theEndurancesank,leavingthecrewhomelessandadriftonaseaoficeinoneoftheworld’smostdangerousenvironments.InJanuary2000aluxuryoceanlinerfounditselfsimilarlytrappedinthecoldwatersoffAntarctica.Argentine sentoffanicebreakerstraightawayfromthenearestnavalbase,andin24hours,all176passengersandcrewwere .Thetour ’sspokes thepotentialdisasterasavalue-addedrewardinextremetravel.“Thepeopleonboardarelookingatthisassortofagreatadventure,”shesaid.EversinceJonKrakauer’sbookIntoThinAirmadeEverestahouseholdname,thesubcultureofadventurehasblownuplikeaHimalayanavalanche(雪崩)intopublicconsciousness.Magazinespromise“extreme”content, evision,offersadventureprograms,andthegrowingcollectivefascinationwithadventurehasproducedaflowofpublishedaccountsabouttheworld’sgreatestadventurousjourney.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleareinterestedinadventureandthismassappealmakesgoodbusinesssense.Todaytheonlythingblockingawould-beadventurer’spassagetoAntarcticaisthecost whichtypicallyrunswellover$10,000.Despiteverydifferentimplications,adventurewasjustaspopularinShackleton’stime.HehaslittletroublefillingtheEndurance 5,000menaresaidtohaverespondedtohisrecruitment(招募notice“MenwantedforriskyjourneySmallwagesBittercold.Longofcompletedarkness.Constantdanger.SafereturnAfterfivemonthsdriftingonice,thecrewwere dtotaketotheirlifeboatstoElephantIsland.Reachingthewasand,Shackletonwentonwithonelifeboatandfiveofhisbestmen1,300kilometersacrossthebone-chillyScotiaSeatoSouthGeorgiaIsland.Shiveringwithcold,dressedinrags,ShackletonmarchedintoawhalingstationandsetaboutorganizingarescueexpeditiontoElephantIsland.Almosttwoyearsafter ingshipwreckedonice,Shackletonpickeduphiscrew.“Notalifelost,andwehavebeenthrough,”heremarkedearnestly.Wecanlearnfromthefirstsentenceofthispassagethat theageofadventurebeganwiththeshipEndurancetrappedinShackleton’sadventuremarkedthehighestpointofpuretheageofadventureendedwiththeshipEndurancetrappedinShackleton’sadventurepredictedthatthegoldenageofexplorationwasTheword“spun”inthesecondparagraphcanberecedby A.summed B. C.boasted D.referredSinceJonKrakauer’sbookwaspublished themediahavegotinterestedinthetopicofthecostsofextremetravelhavegoneEveresthasgotitsnameknowntopeoplehavegotfascinatedbyHimalayanTheadventureinShackleton’stimehasdifferentimplicationsfromtoday’sinthat Shackleton’sadventurelastedlongerthenanyotheradventurenoonewasmissingduringShackleton’sShackleton’sadventurewasentirelyforthesakeofShackletonenrolledvolunteersmoreSectionDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.It’llmakeyoulearntoenjoywhatyouhave,fixwhat’sbroken,andshopforaSpendingmoreislikelytostimulateyourmotivationformoreItgivesyouoptions syoufromrelyingonsomeoneelse’sLivingwithlessisthemostefficientwaytocontrolyourfinancialActually,yourparentshavealreadygivenyoutooWhatyouwantisrespectandadmirationfromotherMywifeandIrecently edachildintotheworld.Hisonlyinterestrightnowiskeeusawake24/7.Butoneday,he’llneedtolearnsomethingaboutfinance.Whenhedoes,herearesomesuggestions.Youmightthinkyouwantanexpensivecar,afancywatch,andahugehouse.Butyou Youthinkhavingexpensivestuffwillbringit.Italmostneverdoes—especiallyfromthepeopleyouwanttorespectandadmireyou.Theroadtofinancialregretispavedwithdebt.Somedebt,suchasamortgage,isOK.mostspendingthatresultsindebtistheequivalentofadrug:aquickhitofpleasurethatwearsoff,onlytodragyoudownforyearstocome,limitingyouroptionsandkeeyouweigheddownbythebaggageofyourpast.Ihopeyou’repooratsomepoint.Notstruggling,andnotunhappy,ofcourse.Butthere’snowaytolearnthevalueofmoneywithoutfeelingthepowerofitsscarcity.Itteachesyouthedifferencebetweennecessaryanddesirable. Theseareessentialsurvivalskills.Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’llspendmostofyouradultlifethinking,“OnceI’vesaved/earned$X,everythingwillbegreat.”Thenyou’llhit$X,movethegoalposts,andresumechasingyourtail.It’samiserablecycle.Yourgoalsshouldbeaboutmorethanmoney.Don’tstayinajobyouhatebecauseyoumadeacareerchoiceat18.Almostnooneknowswhatheorshewantstodoatthatage.Manypeopledon’tknowwhattheywantuntilthey’retwicethatage.(Thesearethesignsyou’reinthewrongcareer.)Thebestthingmoneybuysistocontroloveryourtime. dayyou’llrealizethatthisdomisoneofthethingsthatmakesyoutrulyhappy.Changeyourmindwhenyouneedto.I’venoticedatendencyforpeopletothinkmasteredinvestingwhenthey’reyoung.Theystartinvestingatage18andthinktheyhaveitallfiguredoutbyage19.Theyneverdo.Somepeoplearebornintofamiliesthatencourageeducation;othersarefromfamiliesthatareagainstit.Somearebornintoflourishingeconomies;others,intowarandpoverty.Iwantyoutobesuccessful,andIwantyoutoearnit.Butrealizethatnotallsuccessisduetohardworkandnotallpovertyisduetolaziness.Keepthisinmindwhenjudgingpeople,includingyourself.Yoursavingsratehasalittletodowithhowmuchyouearnandalottodowithhowmuchyouspend.Iknowadentistwholivespaychecktopaycheck,alwaysontheedgeofruin.Iknow whoneverearnedmorethan$50,000andsavedafortune.Thedifferenceisentirelyduetotheirspending. Don’tlistentomeifyoudisagreewithwhatI’vewritten.TheworldyougrowupinwillhavedifferentvaluesandopportunitiesthantheoneIdid.Moreimportant,you’lllearnbestwhenyoudisagreewithsomeoneandthenare dtolearnityourself.(Ontheotherhand,alwayslistentoyourSummaryDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.MeetTheMemberWhoQuitWhenIwas15,Iweighed100Iwasasize20+andhatedt