CONTENTS

Passage1TownandCountrylifeinEngland

Passage2AChangeinWomen'sLife

Passage3APopularPastimeoftheEnglishPeople

Passage4BritishandAmericanPoliceOfficers

Passage5livingSpace

Passage6TheUnitedNations

Passage7Plastic

Passage8DisplayofGoods

Passage9AlbertEinstein

Passage10PrivateCars

Passage11AHenpeckedHusbandandHisWife

Passage12AYoungMan，sPromise

Passage13AKindNeighbor

Passage14ThatIsntOurFault

Passage15AGuide，sAnswer

Passage16AQualifiedPilot

Passage17LivingTilingsReact

Pdssage18FloweringPlants

Passage19FindingtheDirectionandLocation

Passage20Waves

Passage21Soils

Passage22Crisis

Passage23America，sWorstSurprise

Passage24GreatDepressionintheU.S.

Passage25APlaceofOurOwn

Passage26TravelforWork

Passage27Intelligence

Passage28AFreeDressEveryWeek

Passage29Time

Passage30Cartoonists

Passage31WaterPoUution

Passage32MakingaComplaint

33WhereDotheBritishLive

Passage34WillComputersReplaceHumanBeings

Passage35Soccer

Passage36Artists

Passage37ProfessionalSportsintheU.S.

Passage38〃Howto〃Books

Passage39Don'tGiveUp

Passage40HowHighCanYouJump

Passage41ApologyHelps

Passage42Sleep

Passage43OurConcern

Passage44GardeninginAmerica

Passage45TheInfluenceofLife

Passage46Automobiles

Passage47HouseandHome

Passage48PopulationGrowth

Passage49NaturalResources

Passage50Reading

聽寫原文

Listentothefollowingpassages.Eachpassagewillbereadtoyoufour

times.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbereadatnormalspeed,

listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,

thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,with

intervalsof12seconds.Thelastreadingwillbereadatnormalspeed

againandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbe

given2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.

Passage1

TownandCountryLifeinEngland

ThereisabigdifferencebetweentownlifeandcountrylifeinEngland.

Inthecountry,everybodyknowseverybodyelse.Theyknowwhattimeyou

getup,whattimeyougotobedandwhatyouhavefordinner.Ifyouwant

help,youwillalwaysgetitandyouwillbegladtohelpothers.

InalargetownlikeLondon,however,itcansometimeshappenthatyou

haveneverseenyournextdoorneighborandyoudonotknowhisnameor

anythingabouthim.PeopleinLondonareoftenverylonely.Thisisbecause

peoplegotodifferentplacesintheeveningsandatweekends.Ifyouwalk

throughthestreetsinthecentreofLondononSunday,itislikeatown

withoutpeople.Oneissorryforoldpeoplelivingontheirown.Theycould

dieintheirhomesandwouldnotbediscoveredforweeksorevenmonths.

(154words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

nextdoorn.n.隔壁

theneighborsnext他door隔壁鄰居

lonelyadj.孤獨的，寂寞的，偏僻的，人跡罕至的

lonelylife孤單的生活

alonelyoldman一位孤獨的老人

alonelysand一個孤島

theloneliestnight最孤獨的夜晚

on(one，s)own獨自；獨立地；通過自己的努力

Shelivesonherown.她一個人過。

Shegothejobonherown,她自己找到了這份工作。

HeIsnowoutofcolleg6andonhisown.他現(xiàn)在離開了大學并且自己生活。

Passage2

AChangeinWomen*sLife

Theimportantchangeinwomen'slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybegunto

haveitsfulleffectonwomen，seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsago

mostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunity,andmostofthemtook

afull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkat

onceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,

manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarry

younger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybefore

theirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-time

orpart-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,

withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactions

offamilylifeandwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyin

providingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesand

interestsofeachofthem.(154words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

life-pattern生活方式

effect[i，fekt]n.結果，效果，作用，影響

Theoldsystemisstillineffect.舊制度仍然有效。

Heis,ineffect,myrival.實際上他是我的競爭對手。

Themedicinequicklytookeffect.藥物很快見效了。

sharevt.分享；共享，參與n.一份，部分，份額

shareresponsibility共同負責

sharearoomwithsb.與某人共居一室

sharethejoysandhardships同甘共苦

Wesharedthesweets.我們分吃了糖果。

one'sshareofthecake分享的一份好處，應得的一份

Passage3

APopularPastimeoftheEnglishPeople

Oneofthebestmeansofunderstandingthepeopleofanynationiswatching

whattheydowiththeirnon-workingtime.

MostEnglishmen,womenandchildrenlovegrowingthings,especially

flowers.VisitorstoEnglandinspring,summer,orautumnarelikelyto

seegardensallthewayalongtherailwaylines.Thereareflowersatthe

airportsandflowersinfactorygrounds,aswellasingardensalongthe

roads.EachEnglishtownhasatleastoneparkwithbeautifullykeptflower

beds.Publicbuildingsofeverykindhavebrilliantwindowboxesand

sometimesbasketsofflowersarehangingonthem.

ButwhattheEnglishenjoymostisgrowingthingsthemselves,Ifitis

impossibletohaveagarden,thenawindowboxorsomethinggrowingin

apotwilldo.

Lookingateachother，sgardensisapopularpastimewiththeEnglish.

(144words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

③meansn.(用作sing.)方法；方式；手段

ameanstoanend達到目的的方法

byallmeans務必；無論如何；千方百計地

byanymeans［口］用一切可能的方法或手段

byfairmeansorfoul不擇手段地

bymeansof通過；用；借助于

bynomeans決不，一點也不

bysomemeansor(other)想個辦法；以某種方法

leavenomeansuntried想盡一切辦法

notbyanymeans一點也不，絕對不

Theendjustifiesthemeans.［諺］只要目的正當，可以不擇手段。

potn.罐，壺

windboxn,窗臺上的花盆箱，窗檻花箱

pastimen.消遣，娛樂

SwimmingIsmyfavoritepastime.游泳是我最喜歡的一種娛樂。

Passage4

BritishandAmericanPoliceOfficers

Realpolicemen,bothinBritainandtheU.S.,hardlyrecognizeanycommon

pointsbetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTViftheyevergethome

intime.

Somethingsarealmostthesame,ofcourse,butthepolicemendonotthink

muchofthem.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman，sreallifedealswiththelaw.

Mostofwhathelearnsisthelaw.Hehastoknowactuallywhatactions

areagainstthelawandwhatfactscanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.

Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasalawyer,andwhat'smore,hehas

toputitintopracticeonhisfeet,inthedarkand,runningdownanarrow

streetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentintalkingwithbeautifulgirlsorinbravely

facingcruelcriminals.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifearranging

millionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,ordinary

peoplewhoareguilty-ornotofstupid,unimportantcrimes.(177words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

thinkmuchof重視，尊重

incourt在法庭上

criminaln.罪犯，犯罪者

guiltyadj.犯罪的，有罪的

gultylook內(nèi)疚的神色

theguiltyparty犯罪一方

aguiltyconscience犯罪感

haveaguiltyconscience問心有愧；做賊心虛

befoundgulty被判決有罪

beguiltyofacrime犯了罪

Passage5

LivingSpace

Howmuchlivingspacedoesapersonneed?Whathappenswhenhisspaceneeds

arenotmet?Scientistsaredoingexperimentsonratstotrytodetermine

theeffectsofovercrowdedconditionsonman.Recentstudieshaveshown

thatthebehaviourofratsisgreatlyaffectedbyspace.Ifratshave

enoughlivingspace,theyeatwell,sleepwellandproducetheiryoung

well.Butiftheirlivingconditionsbecometoocrowded,theirbehaviour

andeventheirhealthchangeobviously.Theycannotsleepandeatwell,

andsignsoffearandworrybecomeclear.Themorecrowdedtheyare,the

moretheytendtobiteeachotherandevenkilleachother.Thus,forrats,

populationandviolencearedirectlyrelated.Isthisanaturallawfor

humansocietyaswell?Isenoughspacenotonlysatisfactory,but

necessaryforhumansurvival?Theseareinterestingquestions.(147

words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

determineV.測定；決心；決意

determinethevelocity測定速度

Hedeterminedtogo.他決意要去。

IamdeterminedtodobetterthanMike.我決心比邁克做得更好。

tendtov.有某種傾向；有……的趨勢

Hetendstopitchtheballtoohigh.他往往把球擲得過高。

Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.處

于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。

survivaln.生存

Weneedfoodandwaterforsurvival.我們?yōu)榱松嫘枰澄锖退?/p>

Passage6

TheUnitedNations

In1945,representativesof50nationsmettoplanthisorganization.

ItwascalledtheUnitedNations.Afterthewar,manymorenationsjoined.

TherearetwomajorpartsoftheUnitedNations.OneiscalledtheGeneral

Assembly,mtheGeneralAssembly,everymembernationisrepresentedand

hasanequalvote.

ThesecondpartiscalledtheSecurityCouncil.Ithasrepresentatives

ofjust15nations.Fivenationsarepermanentmembers:theUnitedStates,

Russia,France,Britain,andChina,The10othermembersareelectedevery

twoyearsbytheGeneralAssembly.

ThemajorjoboftheSecurityCouncilistokeeppeaceintheworld.If

necessary,itcansendtroopsfrommembernationstotrytostoplittle

warsbeforetheyturnintobigones.

ItishardtogetthenationsoftheSecurityCounciltoagreeonwhen

thisisnecessary.Buttheydidvotetotrytostopwars.(156words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Representativen.代表

GeneralAssembly聯(lián)合國大會

permanentadj.永久的,持久的

permanentaddress固定地址

permanenttooth成人齒

apermanentJob固定職業(yè)

apermanentcommitee常設委員會

SecurityCounciln.聯(lián)合國安全理事會

troopn.軍隊

Passage7

Plastic

Weuseplasticwraptoprotectourfoods.Weputourgarbageinplastic

bagsorplasticcans.Wesitonplasticchairs,playwithplastictoys,

drinkfromplasticcups,andwashourhairwithshampoofromplastic

bottles!

Plasticdoesnotgrowinnature.Itismadebymixingcertainthings

together.Wecallitaproducedormanufacturedmaterial.Plasticwas

firstmadeinthe1860sfromplants,suchaswoodandcotton.Thatplastic

wassoftandburnedeasily.

Thefirstmodernplasticsweremadeinthe1930s.Mostclearplasticstarts

outasthick,blackoil.Thatplasticcoatinginsideapanbeginsas

naturalgas.

Overtheyears,hundredsofdifferentplasticshavebeendeveloped.Some

arehardandstrong.Somearesoftandbendable.Someareclear.Someare

many-colored.Thereisaplasticforalmosteveryneed.Scientists

continuetoexperimentwithplastics.Theyhopetofindevenwaystouse

them!(160words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Shampoon.洗發(fā)精，洗發(fā)香波，洗發(fā)

manufacturevt.制造，力口工

manufactureanexcuse胡亂編個理由

halfmanufactured半成品(的)

athingofhome[foreign]manufacture本國[夕卜國]制品

Plasticisanimportantmanufacture.塑料是種重要產(chǎn)品。

bendable可彎曲的

experimentwith用...做實驗

Passage8

DisplayofGoods

Aresupermarketsdesignedtopersuadeustobuymore?

Freshfruitandvegetablesaredisplayednearsupermarketentrances.This

givestheimpressionthatonlyhealthyfoodissoldintheshop.Basic

foodsthateveryonebuys,likesugarandtea,arenotputneareachother.

Theyarekeptindifferentaislessocustomersaretakenpastother

attractivefoodsbeforetheyfindwhattheywant.Inthisway,shoppers

areencouragedtobuyproductsthattheydonotreallyneed.

Sweetsareoftenplacedatchildren，seyelevelatthecheckout.While

parentsarewaitingtopay,childrenreachforthesweetsandputthem

inthetrolley.

Moreisboughtfromafifteen-footdisplayofonetypeofproductthan

fromaten-footone.Customersalsobuymorewhenshelvesarefullthan

whentheyarehalfempty.Theydonotliketobuyfromshelveswithfew

productsonthembecausetheyfeelthereissomethingwrongwiththose

productsthatarethere.（166words）

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

aislen.走廊，過道

rollthemintheaisle［口」使（觀眾）捧腹大笑

knockthemintheaisle使（觀眾）捧腹大笑

laythemintheaisle使（觀眾）捧腹大笑

rockthemintheaisle使（觀眾）捧腹大笑

havethemrollingintheaisle使（觀眾）捧腹大笑

trolleyn.手推車

checkout（超級市場等的）收款臺

Passage9

AlbertEinstein

AlbertEinsteinwasborninGermanyin1879.His號fatherownedafactory

thatmadeelectricaldevices.Hismotherenjoyedmusicandbooks.His

parentswereJewishbuttheydidnotobservemanyofthereligion，srules.

Albertwasaquietchildwhospentmuchofhistimealone.Hewasslow

totalkandhaddifficultylearningtoread.WhenAlbertwasfiveyears

old,hisfathergavehimacompass.Thechildwasfilledwithwonderwhen

hediscoveredthatthecompassneedlealwayspointedinthesame

direction-tothenorth.Heaskedhisfatherandhisunclewhatcausedthe

needletomove.Theiranswersaboutmagnetismandgravityweredifficult

fortheboytounderstand.Yethespentalotoftimethinkingaboutthem.

Hesaidlaterthathefeltsomethinghiddenhadtobebehindthings.(143

words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

devicen,裝置，設備

leaveto(one，s)owndevices聽任某人自行其是，允許某人按自己的意愿做

事

Sheleftthechildtoherowndevicesforanhourintheafternoon.她

允許孩子在下午有一個小時的自由支配時間。

compassn.指南針

beyondsb.'scompass某人力所不及

cast/fetch/takeacompass兜圈子，繞道，轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角

keepsth.withincompass把某種事物限制在適當?shù)姆秶鷥?nèi)

speakwithincompasss謹慎小心地說

withinsb.'scompass某人力所能及的；在某人權力之內(nèi)的

withinthecompassof在...的范圍內(nèi)

magnetismn.磁，磁力

Passage10

PrivateCars

Withtheincreaseinthegeneralstandardofliving,someordinaryChinese

familiesbegintoaffordacar.Yetopinionsofthedevelopmentofa

privatecarvaryfrompersontoperson.

Itgivesamuchgreaterdegreeofcomfortandmobility.Theownerofa

carisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransport,andhenceno

irritationcausedbywaitingforbusesortaxis.However,othersstrongly

objecttodevelopingprivatecars.Theymaintainthatasmoreandmore

carsareproducedandruninthestreet,alargevolumeofpoisonousgas

willbegivenoff,pollutingtheatmosphereandcausingactualharmto

thehealthofpeople.

WhetherprivatecarsshouldbedevelopedinChinaisadifficultquestion

toanswer,yetthedesireforthecomfortandindependenceaprivatecar

canbringwillnotbeeliminated.(143words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Mobilityn.活動性，機動性

henceady.因此，從此

sevenyearshence七年以后

HencethePlay.因而就有了這出戲。

ItIsverylate；henceyoumustgotobed.時間已經(jīng)很晚了，因此你必須

睡覺去。

Thetownwasbuiltamongthehills,hencethenameHi11town,該城鎮(zhèn)修建

在群山之中，故取名〃山城〃。

irritationn.憤怒

volumen.量

elimiimtevt.消除

Passage10

AHenpeckedHusbandandHisWife

Therewasoncealarge,fatwomanwhohadasmall,thinhusband.Hehad

ajobinabigcompanyandwasgivenhisweeklywageseveryFridayevening.

AssoonashegothomeonFridays,hiswifeusedtomakehimgiveherall

hismoney,andthensheusedtogivehimbackonlyenoughtobuyhislunch

inhiscompanyeveryday.

Oneday,thesmallmancamehomeveryexcited.Hehurriedintothe

living-room.Hiswifewaslisteningtotheradioandeatingchocolates

there.

“Youwillneverguesswhathappenedtometoday,dear,“hesaid.

Hewaitedforafewsecondsandthenadded,wontenthousanddollars

onthelottery!

“Thatiswonderful!zzsaidhiswifedelightedly.Butthenshepulledalong

faceandaddedangrily,“Buthowcouldyouaffordtobuytheticket?”(148

words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

henpeckedadj.［口］怕老婆的，妻管嚴的

living-room客廳，起居室

lotteryn.獎券，彩票

alotteryticket彩票，獎券

agreatlottery虛無縹緲的事

delightedlyadj.喜歡地，高興地

adelightedlook高興的神情

pullalongface拉下臉來

haveasmilingface笑臉

haveafacetosaythat臉皮厚得竟能講出這種話

Passage12

AYoungMan*sPromise

Onedayayoungmanwaswritingalettertohishaveafacetosaythat

girlfriendwholivedjustafewmilesawayinanearbytown.Hewastelling

herhowmuchhelovedherandhowwonderfulhethoughtshewas.Themore

hewrotethemorepoetichebecame.Finally,hesaidthatinordertobe

withherhewouldsufferthegreatestdifficulties,hewouldfacethe

greatestdangersthatanyonecouldimagine.Infact,tospendonlyone

minutewithher,hewouldswimacrossthewidestriver,hewouldenter

thedeepestforest,andhewouldfightagainstthefiercestanimalswith

hisbarehands.

Hefinishedtheletter,signedhisname,andthensuddenlyrememberedthat

hehadforgottentomentionsomethingquiteimportant.So,inapostscript

belowhisname,headded:

〃Bytheway,I'11beovertoseeyouonWednesdaynight,ifitdoesn，t

rain.〃(154words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Suffervt.遭受，經(jīng)歷，忍受

sufferfromaheadache經(jīng)受頭痛之苦

sufferdeath喪生

sufferheavycasualties傷亡慘重

sufferfromillhealth身體不好

fierce.兇猛的，猛烈的

afiercewolf一頭兇猛的惡狼

thefierceglareonhisface他那種兇狠的目光

poetic詩情畫意的，浪漫的

poeticdiction詩般的詞句

apoelcromance詩一一般浪漫的經(jīng)歷

poeticinsight詩人般的洞察力

postscriptn.附言，后記

Passage13

AKindNeighbor

Mr.andMrs.Jones，apartmentwasfullofluggage,packages,furniture

andboxes.Bothofthemwereverybusywhentheyheardthedoorbellring.

Mrs.Joneswenttoopenitandshesawamiddle-agedladyoutside.The

ladysaidshelivednextdoor.Mrs.Jonesinvitedhertocomeinand

apologizedbecausetherewasnoplaceforhertosit.〃0h,that'sOK,〃

saidthelady.〃Ijustcometowelcomeyoutoyournewhome.Asyouknow,

insomepartsofthiscityneighborsarenotfriendlyatall.Thereare

someapartmenthouseswherepeopledon，tknowanyoftheirneighbors,not

eventheonesnextdoor.Butinthisbuildingeveryoneisveryfriendly

witheveryoneelse.Wearelikeonebighappyfamily.I'msureyou，11be

veryhappyhere.，zMr.andMrs.Jonessaid,“Butmadam,wearenotnew

dwellersinthisapartment.We'velivedherefortwoyears.We'removing

outtomorrow.z/（163words）

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

luggagen.行李，皮箱

apieceofluggag一件行李

checkone，sluggage寄存行李,打行李票

luggage-rack（火車上的）行李架

excessluggage超重行李

handluggage手提行李（旅客隨身攜帶）

personalluggage隨身（小件）行李

registeredluggage托運的行李

packagen.包裹，包［

dwellern.居住者,居民

dwellvi.居留；居住

dwellinthecountryy住在鄉(xiāng)下」

dwellinsomeone，smind留在某人腦海里

dwellijoy沉浸于歡樂之中

Passage14

ThatIsn，tOurFault

Mr.andMrs.Williamsgotmarriedwhenhewastwenty-three,andshewas

twenty.Twenty-fiveyearslater,theyhadabigparty,andaphotographer

cameandtooksomephotographsofthem.

ThenthephotographergaveMrs.Williamsacardandsaid,"They’11beready

nextWednesday.Youcangetthemfromstudio.〃

〃No,〃Mrs.Williamssaid,“pleasesendthemtous.

Thephotographsarrivedaweeklater,butMrs.Williamswasnothappywhen

shesawthem.Shegotintohercaranddrovetothephotographer，sstudio.

Shewentinsideandsaidangrily,“Youtooksomephotographsofmeand

myhusbandlastweek,butI'mnotgoingtopayforthem.z/

〃0h,whynot?”thephotographerasked.

“Becausemyhusbandlookslikeamonkey,z，Mrs.Williamssaid.

“Well,〃thephotographeranswered,“thatisn，tourfault.Whydidn，tyou

thinkofthatbeforeyoumarriedhim?”(148words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

faultn.過錯，缺點，毛病

-Whobrokethecup?

-It'smyfault,Idroppedit.

一誰把杯子摔了？

一這是我的過錯，我摔的。

That'snofaultofhis.這不是他的過錯。

Thefaultlieswithme,notwithyou.這是我的責任，不是你的責任。

photographern.攝影師

photographn.照片

takeaphotographof拍攝

studion.照相室，工作室，畫室

artstudio美術工作室

broadcaststudio播出演播室，廣播播音室

TVstudio電視演播室

filmStudio電影制片廠,電視制片演播室

radiostudio播音室

Passage15

AGuide'sAnswer

In1861,theCivilWarstartedintheUnitedStatesbetweentheNorthern

andtheSouthernstates.Thewarcontinuedwithgreatbitternessuntil

1865,whentheNorthernerswerevictorious.However,eventoday,many

Southernershavenotforgottentheirdefeat,orforgiventheNortherners.

Afewyearsago,apartyofAmericantouristsweregoingroundoneofthe

battlefieldsoftheCivilWarwithaguidewhocamefromoneoftheSouthern

states.Ateachplace,theguidetoldthetouristsstirringstoriesabout

howafewSouthernsoldiershadconqueredpowerfulforcesofNortherners

there.

Atlast,oneofthetourists,aladywhocamefromtheNorth,stoppedthe

guideandsaidtohim,〃ButsurelytheNorthernarmymusthavewonatleast

onevictoryintheCivilWar?”

“NotaslongasI'mtheguidehere,madam,〃answeredtheSouthernguide.

(147words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

bitternessn.痛苦，悲傷，強烈的

bitteradj.苦味的，辛酸的，懷恨的；強烈的

abittertaste苦味

abittersmile苦笑

bittertears辛酸的眼淚

bitterremarks刻薄的話，惡毒的話

bitterdiscipline嚴格的訓練

abitterargument激烈的爭論

victoriousadj.獲勝的，勝利的

thevictoriousarmy獲勝的隊伍

avictoriouscheer勝利的歡呼

forgivevt.原諒,饒恕

party]n.1群人

battlefieldn.戰(zhàn)場，沙場

stirringadj.激動人心的

astirringperson活躍的人

astirringspeech動人的演說

conquervi.征服，戰(zhàn)勝

theCivilWar南北戰(zhàn)爭

Passage16

AQualifiedPilot

Thecaptainofasmallshiphadtogoalongarockycoast,buthewas

unfamiliarwithit,sohetriedtofindaqualifiedpilottoguidehim.

Hewentashoreinoneofthesmallports,andalocalfishermanpretended

thathewasapilotbecauseheneededsomemoney.Thecaptaintookhim

onboardandaskedhimwheretosteertheship.

Afterhalfanhourthecaptainbegantosuspectthatthefishermandid

notreallyknowwhathewasdoingandwherehewasgoing.

“Areyousureyouareaqualifiedpilot?”heasked.

〃0h,yes,〃answeredthefisherman.〃Iknoweveryrockonthispartofthe

coast.〃

Suddenlytherewasaterriblecrashfromundertheship.Atoncethe

fishermanadded,“Andthat'soneofthem.〃(138words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Qualifiedadj.有資格的

qualifyasadoctor取得醫(yī)生資格

qualifyforthevote有選舉權

qualifytodosth.使有資格做某事

pilotn.飛行員，領航員，引水員

captainn.船長，機長，隊長

ashoreadv.向岸地，在岸上地

rockyadj.多巖石的

onboard到船上，在船上

suspectv.懷疑，對有所覺察

suspectsb.ofacrime懷疑某人犯罪

Isuspectedhermotives.我懷疑她的動機。

crashn.碰撞，撞擊聲

Passage17

LivingThingsReact

Youandallorganismsliveinanenvironment.Anenvironmentismadeup

ofeverythingthatsurroundsanorganism.Itcanincludetheair,thewater,

thesoil,andevenotherorganisms.

Anorganismrespondstochangesinitsenvironment.Whenanorganism

respondstoachange,itreactsincertainways.Alllivingthingsrespond

insomeway.

Haveyouevernoticedhowplantsandinsectsrespondtolight?Plantsbend

towardlight.Insectsflytowardlight.

Livingthingsalsorespondinotherways.Theleavesonsometreesrespond

toachangeinseason.Inautumn,theychangecolorsandthenfalloff

thebranches.Animalsalsorespondtoachangeinseason.Squirrelssave

nutsforthewinter.Bearssleepthroughthewinterinacave.

Yourespondtoyourenvironmentinmanyways,too.Youmayshiverifyou

arecold.Whatotherwaysdoyourespondtochangesinyourenvironment?

(156words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

reactvi.反應，起作用

reactagainstoppression反抗壓迫

reactoneachother相互起作用

Unkindnessoftenreactsontheunkindperson.惡人有惡才伎。

Theeyereactstolight.眼睛對光有反應。

Theaudiencereactedreadilytohisspeech.觀眾對他的講演立即起了反應。

organismn.生物體，有機體

respondv.作出反應

squirreln.松鼠

nutn.堅果，難解的問題

ahard[tough]nuttocrack棘手之事；難對付的人

atoughnut果斷頑強的人；難對付的人，無賴漢

deafnut注定失敗的計劃;毫無所得的投機

deafnut發(fā)瘋；大發(fā)雷霆

HewhowouldeatthenutmustfiDtcracktheshell.不打碎果殼，就吃不

到果仁；不勞則無獲。

Passqjge18

FloweringPlants

Whatarcthepartsofaflower?

Flowerscanhavemalepartsandfemaleparts.Thefemalepartsmakeeggs

thatbecomeseeds.Themalepartsmakepollen.Pollenisapowderymaterial

thatisneededbytheeggstomakeseeds.Tomakeseeds,pollenandeggs

mustcometogether.Thewind,insects,andbirdsbringpollentoeggs.

Manyanimalsloveflowers，brightcolors.Theyalsolikeasugaryliquid

inflowers.Thisiscallednectar.Whiletheydrinknectar,pollenrubs

offontheirbodies.Astheymove,someofthispollengetsdeliveredto

thefemaleflowerparts.

Overtime,thefemalepartsturnintofruitsthatcontainseeds.Animals

ofteneatthefruitsandtheseedspassthroughtheirbodiesaswaste.

Theanimalsdonotknowtheyareworkingfortheplantsbyplantingseeds

astheytraveltodifferentplaces!(147words)

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

floweringadj.開花的

pollenn.花粉vt,傳授花粉給

powderyadj,粉狀的

sugaryadj.含糖的，甜的

sugaryfoods甜食

sugarycompliments奉承

asugarysmile甜蜜的一笑

nectarn.花蜜，甘露

tastethenectarofsuccess嘗成功之甜果

rubv.擦，摩擦

rubalong和諧相處

ruboff擦掉，擦破

rubout把（記號、筆記、筆跡等）擦掉

Passage19

FindingtheDirectionandLocation

Howcanyoutellwhichdirection?Byday,lookfortheSun.Itisinthe

eastinthemorningandthewestintheafternoon.Atnight,usetheBig

DippertohelpyoufindtheNorthStar.Itwouldbebettertobring