教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力押題練習(xí)B卷提分附答案

單選題（共50題）1、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.TVprogramsmustberatedB.newsreportsoftengiverisetomoralquestionsC.endlessTVcoverageofweatherorelectioncanbeveryrepulsiveD.suchTVcoverageofweatherorpresidentialelectionispornographic【答案】C2、_________isatypeofactivityinwhichtheteacherreadsoutapassageinnormalspeedfortwoorthreetimesandstudentsaretonotedownthewordstheycouldcatchastheylistenasmuchaspossible.A.AnsweringquestionsB.Gap-fillingC.DictoglossD.Sequencing【答案】C3、Hopingtopreservenaturalhabitats,conservationistslobbiedforlegislationthatwould____commercialdevelopmentintheseareas.A.accommodateB.diversifyC.promoteD.arrest【答案】D4、Ifyouhavegotkids,hereisanastytruth:theyareprobablynotveryspecial,thatis,theyareaverage,ordinary,andunremarkable.ConsiderthenumbersofthoseapplicationsyourdaughterissendingtoIvyLeagueschools,forinstance.Therearemorethanaquarterofamillionotherkidsaimingforthesameeightcollegesatthesametime,andlessthan9%ofthemwillmakethecut.AndthosehoursyouspendcoachingLittleLeaguebecauseyoujustknowyourson'ssweetswingwilltakehimtotheprofessionals.Thereare2.4millionotherLittleLeaguersoutthere,andthereareexactly750openingsformajorleagueballplayersatthebeginningofeachseason.Thatgiveshima0.0313%chanceofreachingthebigclubs.Theoddsarejustaslongfortheotherdreamsyou'vehadforyourkids:yourchildthebillionaire,theBroadwaystar,theRhodesscholar.Mostofthosethingsarenevergoingtohappen.Thekidsarepayingthepriceforparents'delusions.Inpublicschools,somestudentsarebringinghome17.5hoursofhomeworkperweekor3.5perschoolnightandit'shardtoseehowtheyhavetimetodoit.From2004to2014,thenumberofchildrenparticipatinginuptothreehoursofaider-schoolactivitiesonanygivendayrosefrom6.5millionto10.2million.Andallthewhile,thekidsarebeingfedapromise--thattheycanbetutoredandcoached,pushedandtested,hot-housedandadvanceplaceduntilsuccessisassured.Atlast,agrowingchorusofeducatorsandpsychologistsissaying,"Enough!"Somewherebetweentheself-esteembuildingofgoingforthegoldandtheself-esteemcrushingoftheIvy-or-dieethostherehastobeaplacewherekidscanbreathe,wheretheycanhavethefreedomtodowhattheyloveandwhereparentsaccustomedtopushingtheirchildrentoexcelcanshakeoffthenewlydefinedshameofhavingraisedanordinarychild.A.3.5hoursofschoolassignmentssetbytheirteacherseverydayB.TheeducationalreformsmadebythepublicschoolstheyattenDC.Thegrowingnumberofpeerstakingpartinoff-campusactivitiesD.Theirparents'unrealisticwishforthemtohaveapromisingfuture【答案】D5、WhatrhetoricaldeviceisusedintheunderlinedpartofthesentenceTherewasaneloquentpauseafterthestorywastold?A.PunB.SimileC.MetaphorD.Transferredepithet【答案】D6、Hebecamevery___________whenhefoundthedisloyaltyofhiswife.A.ingeniousB.creativeC.empiricalD.furious【答案】D7、Whatrhetoricaldeviceisusedintheunderlinedpartofthesentence:Theroomsatsilent.A.PunB.SimileC.MetonymyD.Transferredepithet【答案】C8、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.MouthandtongueB.NoseandmouthC.ChestandshouldersD.Elbowandforearms【答案】B9、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesisbestfortrainingintensivereading？A.DrawingadiagramtoshowthetextstructureB.GivingthetextanappropriatetitleC.TransferringinformationfromthetexttoadiagramD.Summarizingthetext【答案】C10、Whichofthefollowingshowstheproperrhythmicalpatternofthesentence?A.Itwas'tooex'pensiveformeto'buyB.Itwas'too'expensiveformeto'buyC.Itwastooex'pensivefor'meto'buyD.It'wastoo'expensiveformeto'buy【答案】A11、Ihavekepttheportrait__________Icanseeiteverydayasitalwaysremindsmeofmyuniversitydays.A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.when【答案】B12、AllofthefollowingunderlinedletterswillmakealossofplosiveEXCEPT___________．A.frightenB.doctorC.candleD.lollipop【答案】D13、Carterwassayingalltherightthings,buthissmilewas_______,andIknewIcouldn’ttrusthim.A.preferentialB.artificialC.officialD.beneficial【答案】B14、A__________isanymorphemeorcombinationofmorphemestowhichaninflectionalaffix?canbeadded.A.rootB.stemC.freemorphemeD.suffix【答案】B15、Thesounds/praiz/shouldmatchtheword__________.A.prizeB.praiseC.priceD.piece【答案】A16、Ifateacherwantstocheckhowmuchstudentshavelearnedattheendofaterm,he/shewouldgivethema(n)_______.A.diagnostictestB.placementtestC.proficiencytestD.achievementtest【答案】D17、Whenimplementingtheproject,we__________alotofunexpectedoppositionfromourcolleagues．A.runforB.makeagainstC.runupagainstD.makeawaywith【答案】C18、Thephrase"I′dliketo"involves__________phenomenon.A.progressiveassimilationB.liaisonC.regressiveassimilationD.plosive【答案】D19、Whenateachersaystothewholeclass,"Standupandactoutthedialogue",he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)_________.A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter【答案】B20、Theshygirlfelt__________anduncomfortablewhenshecouldnotanswerherteacher'squestions．A.amazedB.awkwardC.curiousD.amused【答案】B21、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.GroupworkgivespupilstheopportunitytolearntoworktogetherwithothersB.PupilsalsolearntodeveloptheirreasoningabilitiesC.GroupworkprovidespupilswiththeopportunitytolearntobecapableorganizersD.Pupilsalsolearnhowtoparticipateinteachingactivities【答案】D22、Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat__________．A.individualswithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatthesamelevelB.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironmentC.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligenceD.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain【答案】C23、Whatlearningstrategycanthefollowinghelptotrain?A.GroupingB.CollocationC.ImitationD.Imagery【答案】B24、--Whathappenedtotheglass?A.TheglasswasbrokenB.TombroketheglassC.TheglassisbrokenD.Tomhasbrokentheglass【答案】A25、Whenlearnerscomeacrossnewwords,theyarerequiredtofocuson_______A.spellingB.semanticfeaturesC.form,meaninganduseD.wordformation【答案】C26、Whichofthefollowingmaybettercheckstudents'abilityofusingagrammaticalstruc-ture?A.HavingthemworkouttheruleB.HavingthemgivesomeexamplesC.HavingthemexplainthemeaningD.Havingthemexplainthestructure【答案】B27、In1840,bothLucretianMottandElizabethCadyStantonresented______properseatingattheWorld’sAntislaveryconventioninLondonbecauseoftheirsex.A.refusingB.toberefuseDC.beingrefuseD.havingrefuseD【答案】C28、WhatcanbedoneaboutmassunemploymentAllthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoranyanswers.There’sworktobedone,butworkersaren’treadytodoit.They’reinthewrongplaces,ortheyhavethewrongskills.OurproblemareA.CorporatemismanagementB.InsufficientdemandC.TechnologicaladvancesD.Workers’slowadaptation【答案】B29、/k/isnotfullypronouncedin__________.A.bicycleB.parkC.pictureD.key【答案】C30、Passage1A.TheymustwaitpatientlyuntiltrafficlightsturngreenB.TheyneedtohelptrafficpolicetoregulatetrafficflowsC.TheycandrivethroughtheredlightsifnobodyisaroundD.Theyhavetoadjustthespeedintimeforthegreenlights【答案】D31、Theactivityof__________maymaximizethepossibilityofelicitingideas,wordsorconceptsfromstudentswhenitisfocusedonagiventopic.A.retellingB.assessingoutputC.brainstormingD.checkingcomprehension【答案】C32、ThenumberofAmericanswhoreadbookshasbeendecliningforthirtyyears,andthosewhodoreadhavebecomeproudof,evenabitover-identifiedwith,theenterprise.AlongsidethetotebagsyoucanfindT-shirts,magnets,andbuttonsprintedorsewnwithcoversofclassicnovels;theWebsiteEtsysellstightsprintedwithpoemsbyEmilyDickinson.AspreadinTheParisReviewfeaturedliterature-inspiredpaint-chipcolors.Themerchandisingofreadinghasacuriouslyundifferentiatedflavor,asifwhatyoureadmatteredlessthanthatyoureaD.Inthisclimateofembattledbibliophilia,anewsubgenreofbooksaboutbookshasemerged,amixofliterarycriticism,autobiography,self-help,andimmersionjournalism:authorsundertakereadingstuntstoprovethatreading--anything--stillmatters."IthoughtofmyadventureasOff-RoadorExtremeReading,"PhyllisRosewritesin"TheShelf:FromLEQtoLES",thelateststuntbook,inwhichshereadsthroughamoreorlessrandomshelfoflibrarybooks.Shecompareshervoyage,toErnestShackleton'sexplorationsintheAntarctic."However,Iliketosleepunderaquiltwithmyheadonagoosedownpillow,"shewrites."SoIwouldreadmywayintotheunknown--intothepathlesswastes,intothinair,withnoreviews,nobest-sellerlists,nocollegecurricula,noNationalBookAwardsorPulitzerPrizes,noads,nopublicity,notevenwordofmouthtoguideme."A.ToemphasizetheadventurousandstirringexperienceofreadingB.Toemphasizetheroleofreadinginbroadeningpeople'shorizonC.ToemphasizetheamusementinreadingwithoutspecificguidanceD.Toemphasizethechallengesinreadingbooksofvaryingcategories【答案】C33、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.DeficiencyB.SufficiencyC.RequirementD.Decline【答案】A34、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1。完成第小題。A.TheygaveuppoachingB.TheykilledmoreelephantstogetthesamequantityofivoryC.Tothem,gameisoverD.Theyrealizeditwasillegaltoslaughterelephants【答案】B35、Teacherswhobelieveinthe__________modelwillenablestudentstounderstandthemeaningandusageofthewordsfirst,andthenmakefulluseofthewordsinlistening,readingorwritingtasks,askrepresentativestoshowproductsofthetasks,andgiveanevaluationforitatlastwhenteachingvocabulary.A.PPPB.PWPC.PPTD.TBLT【答案】D36、Passage2A.theexperimentsonthecommoncoldB.thecuresaboutthecommoncoldC.whyandhowpeoplecatchcoldsD.thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds【答案】C37、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheoldmissionofassessment?A.SupportiveB.IndifferentC.NegativeD.Neutral【答案】C38、Moreandmore，theoperationsofourbusinesses，governments，andfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories．Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapbigreward．Evenworse，anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment．A.itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestodayB.peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequestoftheircompanyC.computercriminalsescapepunishmentbecausetheycan’tbedetectedD.computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemintheoperationoffinancialinstitutions【答案】D39、Ifateacherasks"Whatdoes′correctivefeedback′mean？",thistypeofquestioniscalled“__________”.A.referentialquestionB.tagquestionC.rhetoricalquestionD.displayquestion【答案】D40、What'sthestartingpointanddestinationofEnglishcourse?A.KnowledgeimpartationB.Students'developmentC.LanguageusageD.Habitformation【答案】B41、Passage1A.Preparingstudentsforhigh-stakestestsB.Developingstudents’analyticalthinkingskillsC.AssistingstudentstoattaintheCommonCorestandardsD.Enhancingstudents’abilitytocopewithlearningpressures【答案】B42、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.thestudentsB.DonnaandherstudentsC.The"Ican'ts"D."ICan","IWill"and"I'mGoingto"【答案】D43、Whichofthefollowingwords'pronunciationisexceptionaltotheassimilationrule?A.unbeatableB.impossibleC.illegalD.irregular【答案】A44、Someteachersteachreadingbyintroducingnewvocabularyandstructurefirstandthengoingoverthetextsentencebysentenceandparagraphbyparagraphwiththestudents.Thiswayis_________knownasA.top-downmodelB.bottom-upmodelC.interactivemodelD.integrativemodel【答案】B45、Inwriting,whichactivityisusedtogetstudentstoexchangetheirpapersandcorrectintermsofspelling,grammarpoint?A.EditingB.BrainstormingC.MappingD.Drafting【答案】A46、Althoughsomecountrieshavetakenactiontosolvetheshortageofwater,itmaybesometime__________thesituationimproves.A.beforeB.whenC.sinceD.until【答案】A47、InspiteofallstoriesofprosperityintheUnitedStates,notonlydoespovertyexistthere,butcrimesofvarioustypeshavebeenincreasingatanalarmingrate．Mostactsofviolencewerecommittedbyyoungpeople．57%ofthecriminalsarrestedin1979wereyouthsbelow25ofage．A.povertyB.beingparentlessC.lackofeducationD.easyaccesstoguns【答案】D48、Thishotel__________$60forasingleroomwithbath．A.claimsB.demandsC.pricesD.charges【答案】D49、Accordingtoarecentresearch,theoldaremorethantwiceaslikelytohaveapositiveattitudetolife__________theyoung.A.asB.thanC.whileD.until【答案】A50、Evenwhen__________tosuchtoughlivingconditions,thechildrenwouldneverhaveanycomplaint.A.exposingB.exposedC.exposeD.toexpose【答案】B大題（共10題）一、下面是一節(jié)高中英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)片段實(shí)錄。T:Armyourselfwithsunscreen,sunglassesandahatinaperiodofhotweather.S1:Howcanyouarmyourself?Youalreadyhavetwoarms—howdoyouputonmore?T:Canwefigureoutthemeaningof“arm”fromthetext?Lookforanotherplacewheretheword“sunscreen”appears.S2:Inthissentence:“Healthexpertswarnedpeople,whenoutside,toapplysunscreenwithasunprotectionfactor…”S3:SoIthink“armyourself”iskindof“apply”.S1:Oh,thatmakessense.Isheright?T:Icouldansweryou,butI’dlikeyoutofindoutthemeaningof“arm”inthedictionary.…T:Gotit?CanyouexplainitinEnglish?S4:Yes,it’saverb,differentfromthenoun“arm”,meaningtoprovideyourselforotherswithweaponsortoprovidewhatyouneedforatask.T:Nicelydone!【答案】(1)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)生詞“arm”作為動(dòng)詞的含義并能夠使用詞典查閱生詞;策略目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境理解生詞，并查閱詞典進(jìn)行確認(rèn)猜測(cè)。(2)采用了啟發(fā)式教學(xué)法。啟發(fā)式教學(xué)，就是根據(jù)教學(xué)目的、內(nèi)容、學(xué)生的知識(shí)水平和知識(shí)規(guī)律，運(yùn)用各種教學(xué)手段，采用啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)辦法傳授知識(shí)、培養(yǎng)能力，使學(xué)生積極主動(dòng)地學(xué)習(xí)，以促進(jìn)身心發(fā)展。該教學(xué)材料中，教師立足于學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)及現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)水平，通過(guò)提問(wèn)等語(yǔ)言方式啟發(fā)學(xué)生了解和體會(huì)arm的動(dòng)詞詞性，而不是直接告知學(xué)生其用法，使學(xué)生達(dá)到了主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)、積極思考的目的。(3)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：在該案例中，當(dāng)學(xué)生不明白生詞的含義時(shí)，老師并沒(méi)有直接告訴學(xué)生，而是讓學(xué)生通過(guò)討論和查字典的形式弄清楚了生詞的意思，培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生查字典的技能和習(xí)慣，逐步養(yǎng)成自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力。缺點(diǎn)：根據(jù)《高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，形成性評(píng)價(jià)反映學(xué)生的進(jìn)步情況，對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)嘗試做出肯定，以促進(jìn)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，幫助教師改進(jìn)教學(xué)。在該案例中，學(xué)生通過(guò)自己的努力弄清楚了生詞的意思后，該老師只是簡(jiǎn)單地評(píng)價(jià)“Nicelydone”，并未對(duì)學(xué)生“討論”和“查字典”的學(xué)習(xí)方法進(jìn)行肯定，不能很好地促學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性。二、范文對(duì)于英語(yǔ)寫作主要有以下三方面的作用：(1)范文能夠說(shuō)明所用體裁的特點(diǎn)。文章都有一定的體裁，如故事、演講、會(huì)話等。不同的交際目的產(chǎn)生不同的篇章．形成不同的體裁．在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法形式上產(chǎn)生一定的特色。對(duì)于中國(guó)學(xué)生而言，雖然他們很早就知道文章有記敘文、說(shuō)明文等的分別．雖然他們從一開始就學(xué)會(huì)了按“三段式”來(lái)組織文章(第一段是論點(diǎn)，第二段是主要內(nèi)容，包括論證的證據(jù)或故事的情節(jié)等，第三段是結(jié)論)，但范文的作用在他們的外語(yǔ)寫作中仍然不可忽視。一方面，漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇模式和英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇模式并不完全一致。一般而言，漢語(yǔ)的主題往往不直接點(diǎn)出，需要先有一個(gè)所謂的鋪墊，而英語(yǔ)文章的主題往往直截了當(dāng)?shù)亟o出。另一方面．具體的范文遠(yuǎn)比一些抽象的分類更具有操作意義上的指導(dǎo)作用．(2)范文是說(shuō)明英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)篇銜接手段如何使用的最好語(yǔ)境。連貫是篇章的主要特征，使用各種語(yǔ)篇銜接手段是建立語(yǔ)篇連貫的主要途徑。熟悉這些英語(yǔ)的銜接手段能夠大大減輕寫作過(guò)程中的微計(jì)劃(micro-planning)所帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)，加快語(yǔ)言生成的速度。微計(jì)劃生成語(yǔ)言信息，明確如何分配主題、焦點(diǎn)或新信息等內(nèi)容，與具體的語(yǔ)言有關(guān)。英語(yǔ)中是否有現(xiàn)成的信息銜接手段顯然會(huì)影響信息的分配和組織．(3)范文能夠開闊學(xué)生的思路。寫什么是寫作計(jì)劃需要解決的問(wèn)題．也是學(xué)生感到非?？鄲赖氖虑?。擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面是解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的主要途徑。另外，要學(xué)會(huì)在動(dòng)筆前積極思考，激活并調(diào)用大腦中已有的知識(shí)，養(yǎng)成良好的寫作習(xí)慣和思維習(xí)慣。范文在教學(xué)中的使用步驟及每個(gè)步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)：(1)利用范文進(jìn)行謀篇布局。師生要能夠在范文的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言方面進(jìn)行討論，并弄清楚兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：①這類文章結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言如何為文章的交際目的服務(wù)；②還有哪些別的可能的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言上的變化。只有這樣．學(xué)生才能最大限度地利用范文來(lái)指導(dǎo)寫作而不受范文的限制．才有可能避免全班學(xué)生千篇一律的現(xiàn)象、(2)利用范文達(dá)到連貫的效果。該步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是使學(xué)習(xí)者在寫作中避免出現(xiàn)連接語(yǔ)使用不夠的現(xiàn)象．造成文章的邏輯跳躍性很大．理解起來(lái)比較困難。也有相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生主觀上想盡量多用連接語(yǔ)，以加強(qiáng)句子之間的銜接．但結(jié)果是連接語(yǔ)過(guò)分堆積，不僅不能增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)義方面的銜接力．反而往往會(huì)增加冗余信息．甚至造成語(yǔ)義上的邏輯混亂。這種現(xiàn)象也是寫作教學(xué)應(yīng)盡量避免的內(nèi)容?！敬鸢浮?1)選詞填空練習(xí)的目的：①這類選詞填空的練習(xí)可以幫助學(xué)生鞏固詞匯。詞匯教學(xué)是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的主要任務(wù)之一．能否充分有效地進(jìn)行詞匯教學(xué)是學(xué)生能否順利度過(guò)“高原期”進(jìn)入更高一級(jí)從而自由得體地運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵所在。作為詞匯教學(xué)的有機(jī)組成部分．教材中的詞匯練習(xí)無(wú)疑具有重要作用。②考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知和在狹義語(yǔ)境中對(duì)詞匯的微觀了解，包括詞匯的詞性、解釋和常用搭配。每個(gè)句子只是一個(gè)微型的語(yǔ)境．因此很能鍛煉學(xué)生利用較少信息處理問(wèn)題的能力。③考查學(xué)生根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中已知部分推知未知部分的能力。學(xué)習(xí)者可以根據(jù)語(yǔ)境信息大致推斷出所填詞的詞義內(nèi)容，進(jìn)而從選項(xiàng)中選擇與之對(duì)應(yīng)的詞語(yǔ)。(2)此類練習(xí)對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)和使用的意義：①選詞填空作為一種考查對(duì)詞義的初步理解和運(yùn)用的詞匯練習(xí)形式．能夠較為有效地復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固本課所學(xué)生詞，從而為更高層次的輸出性練習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。在“詞一句一段”三級(jí)訓(xùn)練單位中，“詞”是前提，是實(shí)現(xiàn)句和段的必要條件。雖然英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的一大重點(diǎn)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者的成段表達(dá)能力，但基礎(chǔ)性的詞匯練習(xí)同樣不可忽視。因?yàn)橹挥性谡莆赵~義、了解詞語(yǔ)正確用法的基礎(chǔ)上．才能保證句子和語(yǔ)段的正確輸出。②該練習(xí)對(duì)于學(xué)生鍛煉如何把握和利用語(yǔ)境有很大的作用。語(yǔ)境能夠鞏固詞語(yǔ)搭配知識(shí)和訓(xùn)練詞義推測(cè)能力，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)者詞匯習(xí)得是比較有效的。學(xué)生在理解語(yǔ)境的基礎(chǔ)上推測(cè)所填詞的詞義內(nèi)容，最后做出與目標(biāo)語(yǔ)境相匹配的答案。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，學(xué)生的理解能力和記憶力都會(huì)得到鍛煉。③有利于學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的正確運(yùn)用。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境練習(xí)詞匯就脫離了抽象記憶詞匯所帶來(lái)的不科學(xué)因素。如果脫離語(yǔ)境，即使學(xué)生將詞匯的含義記憶下來(lái)，到真正使用的時(shí)候還是不知道應(yīng)該怎么運(yùn)用；如果學(xué)生在記憶單詞的同時(shí)還能夠關(guān)注單詞的語(yǔ)境．當(dāng)出現(xiàn)類似用法的時(shí)候?qū)W生便可以運(yùn)用自如了。三、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下面片段選自某初中英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)實(shí)錄。T:Goodmorning,boysandgirls.Wetalkedabout“Thepresentperfecttense”yesterday,andIhopeyouhavegotsomeideaaboutit.Doyoustillremembertheformsofthetense?S1:Have/Hasdone.T:Youareright,goodboy.Andwhocansayasentencewiththeform?S2:Letmetry.WehavelearntEnglishforafewyears.T:Verygood,thankyou.S3:MyfatherhavegonetoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere.T:Oh,youalsoremembertheform,butthen,whereisyourfather?IshestillinHangzhouorbackhomenow?S3:Backhome.T:Oh,Isee,youmeanyourfatherwenttoHangzhousometimeinthepast,andhehascomebackhomefromthere.Andsinceyourfatherisnotyouyourself,notI,nexttimeyoushouldsay“MyfatherhasbeentoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere”.OK?請(qǐng)根據(jù)該教學(xué)片段回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)該教師的教學(xué)有哪些優(yōu)點(diǎn)？寫出2個(gè)即可。（8分）【答案】(1)該教師的教學(xué)有以下2個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：①講授新課之前采用復(fù)習(xí)法鞏固知識(shí)，為學(xué)生接下來(lái)的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。案例中的教師采用循序漸進(jìn)的教學(xué)方法，先復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)），再引申到語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用（造句），以此來(lái)檢查學(xué)生的掌握情況，幫助學(xué)生鞏固舊知。②合理使用糾錯(cuò)技巧，進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性的教學(xué)反饋，以啟發(fā)引導(dǎo)為主，提高學(xué)生的參與度。在案例中該教師采用多種糾錯(cuò)技巧引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分辨have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto，最終使學(xué)生掌握其正確用法。(2)該教師發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，采取了以下四種糾錯(cuò)方式：①直接糾錯(cuò)法直接糾錯(cuò)是指學(xué)習(xí)者出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師打斷其語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`活動(dòng)，對(duì)其錯(cuò)誤予以正面糾正（說(shuō)出正確的語(yǔ)言形式，并讓學(xué)生改正）。教師直接糾錯(cuò)時(shí)使用的課堂用語(yǔ)通常有：Youshouldsay…／No，youshouldn'tsaythat…／Readafterme…／Payattentionto…／Oh，youmean…／Wedon'tsay…inEnglish.Wesay…等。該教師在糾正學(xué)生的第三人稱單數(shù)錯(cuò)誤以及hasgoneto和hasbeento的不同用法時(shí)直接指出其錯(cuò)誤“nexttimeyoushouldsay…”。②重述法重述是指教師對(duì)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言表達(dá)中的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行含蓄糾正，是對(duì)學(xué)生的表達(dá)進(jìn)行部分肯定之后的糾正。該方法以學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)為基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)部分成分或詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行修正，并保持原表達(dá)的意思不變。該教師針對(duì)第三位同學(xué)的兩次表達(dá)，首先進(jìn)行了部分肯定“Oh，youalsoremembertheform”，然后分別重述了其正確表達(dá)形式“MyfatherhasbeentoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere”“hehascomebackhomefromthere”。③強(qiáng)調(diào)法教師在糾正學(xué)生的表達(dá)時(shí)有意重讀或拖長(zhǎng)出錯(cuò)部分的發(fā)音或用升調(diào)以表示特別強(qiáng)調(diào)。例如：該教師針對(duì)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，就對(duì)助動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式has進(jìn)行了著重強(qiáng)調(diào)。④元語(yǔ)言反饋法元語(yǔ)言反饋是指學(xué)生出現(xiàn)言語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，教師對(duì)學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行技術(shù)上的分析和描述，如指出詞類誤用、時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤等。例如：該教師解釋助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)has時(shí)說(shuō)“sinceyourfatherisnotyouyourself,notI，nexttimeyoushouldsay…”。(3)其他兩種糾錯(cuò)方式：四、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。在教授英語(yǔ)閱讀課時(shí)，教師常用的閱讀教學(xué)模式有幾種?清簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明?！敬鸢浮坑⒄Z(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)常用教學(xué)模式有三種：自上而下的模式、自下而上的模式和交互補(bǔ)償模式。(1)自上而下的模式(thetop-downaproach)是在對(duì)語(yǔ)言層次的詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解碼時(shí)，同樣也運(yùn)用自己的知識(shí)對(duì)文章的下文進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，閱讀檢驗(yàn)自己的預(yù)測(cè)、修訂自己的預(yù)測(cè)、進(jìn)行新的預(yù)測(cè)。教師可以向?qū)W生介紹一些背景知識(shí)，預(yù)測(cè)文章內(nèi)容，驗(yàn)證預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容，從而到最后的理解文意。(2)自下而上的模式(thebottom，upapproach)是從字母到單詞，到句子，逐個(gè)進(jìn)行解碼從而理解全文。該模式在閱讀教學(xué)中比較看重詞匯教學(xué)，包括讀前講授單詞和閱讀過(guò)程中詞語(yǔ)用法的分析。(3)交互補(bǔ)償模式(theinteractive-compensatoryapproach)是以上兩種模式的結(jié)合，是比較科學(xué)的模式。它既強(qiáng)調(diào)背景知識(shí)、上下文預(yù)測(cè)的重要性．又不忽視單詞、短語(yǔ)的解碼能力，迅速捕捉關(guān)鍵信息以理解閱讀材料的重要性，反映了閱讀過(guò)程的本質(zhì)。五、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)英語(yǔ)閱讀課教學(xué)方案。教案沒(méi)有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：FestivalsaroundtheWorldFestivalsandCelebrationsFestivalsandcelebrationsofallkindshavebeenheldeverywheresinceancienttimes.Mostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather,plantinginspringandharvestinautumn.【答案】ClassType:Readingclass,1periodTeachingContents:Thislessoncontainssomeusefulwordsandphrasesaboutfestivalsandcelebrations.Itwillprovidestudentswithabetteropportunitytounderstandfestivalsandcelebrationsaroundtheworld.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanlearnsomeusefulwordsandexpressionsinthistextlikefeast,gather,belief,dressup,playatrickon,admire,poet,lookforward,dayandnight,etc.(2)Abilityobjectives①Studentscanknowdifferentfestivalsandcelebrationsaroundtheworld.②StudentscantalkaboutChinesefestivalsandcustomsinEnglishandgettoknowsomeinformationaboutforeignfestivals.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanhaveafurtherunderstandingofdifferentfestivalsandcelebrationsaroundtheworldandatthesametimerespectthedifferentfestivalcustomsindifferentcountries.TeachingKeyPoints:(1)Howtoenablethestudentstounderstanddifferentfestivalsandcelebrations.(2)Howtohelpthestudentsanalyzethetext.TeachingDifficultPoints:六、以下片段選自某節(jié)英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)實(shí)錄，閱讀并回答問(wèn)題。T:...Youallhavefinishedthewritingabouthowtoprotectourenvironment,rightOk,now,it′stimetocheckintermsofthegrammar,punctuationpointandspelling.S:(checkingtime)T:Ok,now,whowouldliketoshareyourpapersAnna:...Weshouldn′tthrowrubbisheverywhere...T:Yourideasarealittleshallow,andtheorganizationisalittledisordered.根據(jù)上面的教學(xué)片段回答下面三個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的什么課型它屬于該課型的哪個(gè)階段(2)這節(jié)課的教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)是什么(3)分析該教師在這一階段存在的主要問(wèn)題，并提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議?！敬鸢浮?1)該片段呈現(xiàn)的是英語(yǔ)寫作課．它屬于寫后階段。(2)該節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)是通過(guò)閱讀材料和互相討論，掌握關(guān)鍵信息，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力；難點(diǎn)是學(xué)生借助關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言組織．完成寫作．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言組織能力和邏輯思考能力。(3)存在的問(wèn)題及改進(jìn)建議：①教師在學(xué)生完成初稿寫作后．應(yīng)組織和指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我修改以及同伴間的相互修改，修改內(nèi)容除了包括語(yǔ)法、標(biāo)點(diǎn)、拼寫外，還包括選詞、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)等各個(gè)方面?；ジ脑趯懞蟓h(huán)節(jié)中十分重要，因?yàn)樗闲抡n程所提倡的合作、交流和探究的學(xué)習(xí)方式。然后教師面向全體學(xué)生就典型的遣詞造句錯(cuò)誤、文章結(jié)構(gòu)、思想內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)．再由學(xué)生本人在聽取他們意見(jiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)初稿進(jìn)行修訂。②在寫后階段教師要給予適當(dāng)評(píng)價(jià)和改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。給予恰如其分的反饋。對(duì)寫作不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)．要給予鼓勵(lì)表?yè)P(yáng)．對(duì)寫作欠缺者．要及時(shí)引導(dǎo)．給予建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)。在Anna的作文不夠令人滿意的時(shí)候，教師的評(píng)價(jià)基本是予以否定。這樣會(huì)打擊學(xué)生的自信心和學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，不符合教師評(píng)價(jià)的原則，教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中應(yīng)堅(jiān)持激勵(lì)性原則，當(dāng)學(xué)生的回答不得體時(shí)，教師應(yīng)該采用鼓勵(lì)、期待的語(yǔ)言來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)，如“Nexttime，pleasepayattentiontoorganizationandtrytoexploremoreidea．”。七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。下列教學(xué)片段選自某初中課堂實(shí)錄，閱讀后回答問(wèn)題：?T:Ok!Next,let'sreadthetextandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.Readthepassageandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.(5minuteslater)T:Now,whocanshowustheanswer?S1:B,A,C,F,E.T:Youareclever,but,doyouhaveanyotherideasforParagraph3?S1:Ohsorry,It'sD.T:Excellent!Nowwehaveknownthemainmeaningofeachparagraph.Thistimelet'sreadeachparagraphcarefully.Then,makeagroupdiscussionandtrytofillintheform.10minutesplease.(1Ominuteslater.)T:Timeisup.Whichgroupwantstoshowyourformtous?Ok,Group1.$2:...T:Welldone.Doyouagreewiththem?【答案】(1)從三維目標(biāo)上分析教學(xué)目標(biāo)：知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠知道文章的主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息。能力目標(biāo)：通過(guò)泛讀和精讀兩個(gè)任務(wù)的分層訓(xùn)練，學(xué)生的閱讀能力有所提升，能掌握訓(xùn)讀的閱讀策。情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)：通過(guò)小組活動(dòng)，學(xué)生能夠提高合作意識(shí)，體驗(yàn)合作學(xué)習(xí)的快樂(lè)。(2)該教學(xué)片段屬于閱讀教學(xué)中的新課講授環(huán)節(jié)。在本環(huán)節(jié)中，教師安排了初讀感知和精細(xì)研讀鼴個(gè)部分的閱讀訓(xùn)練，層層深入地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極探索新知，通過(guò)具體任務(wù)的設(shè)置訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的閱讀能力，使學(xué)生掌握尋讀的閱讀策。在教學(xué)中運(yùn)用了小組合作的學(xué)習(xí)方式，提高了學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力。培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神和合作意識(shí)。(3)該教師采用的反饋方式是口頭反饋、啟發(fā)學(xué)生自己改錯(cuò)的方式。在外語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，教師不應(yīng)該像監(jiān)控器一樣監(jiān)控學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言輸出。教學(xué)的最終目的是要促進(jìn)遷移發(fā)生，也就是說(shuō)，要啟發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)用自己已經(jīng)掌握的知識(shí)對(duì)自己的交際進(jìn)行監(jiān)控，自己改正錯(cuò)誤。所以，該教師的做法啟發(fā)了學(xué)生的思維。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題并改正，從而能更好地提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率，達(dá)到語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練的目的。同時(shí)，該教師的反饋具有激勵(lì)性，學(xué)生回答出錯(cuò)是很正常的情況，教師對(duì)此給予積極的鼓勵(lì)會(huì)幫助學(xué)生樹立學(xué)習(xí)的自信心，培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。八、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的閱讀教學(xué)方案。教案沒(méi)有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：~teachingobjectives~teachingcontents~keyanddifficultpoints~majorstepsandtimeallocation~activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：TheLifeofMarkTwainOftenthelivesofwritersresemblethelivesofthecharacterstheycreate.MarkTwain,whowroteTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnandTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,wasnoexception.Tostartwith,theauthor'sname,MarkTwain,isitselfaninvention,or"penname".Twain'srealnamewasSamuelClemens."MarkTwain",whichmeans"watermarktwo",wasacallusedbysailorsontheMississippitowarnshipmatesthattheywerecomingintoshallowwater.LikeHuck,MarkTwainledanadventurouslife.Heleftschoolearly,andasanadolescent,determinedtomakehisfortuneinSouthAmerica,setofffromhishomeinHannibal,Missouri,forNewOrleans.HewantedtotakeaboattotheAmazon,wherehethoughthecouldgetrichquickly.HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica.Forcedtochangehisplans,heworkedforseveralyearsasapilotonasteamboat,takingpassengersupanddowntheMississippi,thegreatriverwhichflowsfromthenorthoftheUSneartheCanadianborder,downtotheGulfofMexico.【答案】(2)ScanningAskstudentstolocatecertaininformationbyreadingthepassagequicklytoanswerthefollowingquestions:①IsMarkTwainhisrealname?Ifnot,whatishisrealname?②Whatdidhedowhenheworkedonthesteamboat?③Whatdidhedoafterthat?4.WhatreputationdidMarkTw