2022-2023學(xué)年河南省周口市亞明中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.It’ssaidthathe’slookingforanewjob,one______hecangetmoremoneytosupporthisfamily.A.when

B.where

C.that

D.which參考答案：B略2.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I__________thetroubletotakemyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetaken

B.couldhavetaken

C.couldn’thavetaken

D.needn’thavetaken參考答案：D3.Thegirlgotnothingin______forherkindness,whichmadeherverysad.

A.prize B.award C.medal

D.reward參考答案：D4.Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspace______whichmatterhasfallenand_______whichnothingcanescape.A.into;from

B.towards;towards

C.outof;from

D.through;through參考答案：A5.The______girlsatonthefloor,______.A.frightened;crying B.frightened;tocryC.frightening;cried D.frightening;tocry參考答案：A試題分析：考查形容詞和分詞用法。過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常修飾人或者與人有關(guān)的事物；現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常修飾事物。本句中的frighted感動(dòng)害怕的。修飾人或者與人有關(guān)的事物；第二空的crying是一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，因?yàn)槎邩?gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。句意：那個(gè)感到很害怕的女孩子坐在角落里哭。故A正確。名師點(diǎn)評(píng)：當(dāng)分詞做狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，如果構(gòu)成分詞的動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就使用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)；當(dāng)二者構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。如果分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，就使用分詞的完成式。如果分詞與句子的主語(yǔ)沒(méi)有關(guān)系，可以使用狀語(yǔ)從句或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。由分詞轉(zhuǎn)換成的形容詞用法是考查較多的內(nèi)容。過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常用來(lái)修飾人或者與人有關(guān)的事物如look,appearance；現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常用來(lái)修飾事物。這樣的形容詞經(jīng)常在句中做表語(yǔ)或者定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，也可以在句中構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)對(duì)主句的情況進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。6.Wemustdosomethingto_____theriver________.A.stop…frompolluted

B.keep…beingpolluted

C.prevent…beingpolluted

D.stop…frompolluting參考答案：C7.Asapunishmentshewasnotpermitted________partinanyschoolactivityinaweek.A．taking

B．totakeC．take

D．tobetaking參考答案：B[考查動(dòng)詞。句意：作為一種懲罰他不被允許一周內(nèi)參加學(xué)校的任何活動(dòng)。此處用permitsbtodosth句式。]8.Thecoachaskedhisstaffto________thelargegroupofjournalistswaitingforhimtoannouncehistrainingplans.A.adaptto

B.attendtoC.referto

D.appealto參考答案：B句意：教練讓他的手下去招呼一下正在等待他宣布訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃的記者。attendto“照顧；照料；護(hù)理”，符合句意。adaptto“適應(yīng)”；referto“涉及”；appealto...“向……呼吁”。9.Suddenly,anewidea_________tome________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.A.struck;that

B.occurred;which

C.happened;that

D.occurred;that參考答案：D“某人突然想到……”，用“somethingstricks/hitssomebody”或“somethingoccurstosomebody”。因此第一空處填occurred；根據(jù)句法分析，“________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.”是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明anewidea的具體內(nèi)容，且不含疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，因此第二空處填that。故D項(xiàng)正確。10.---DidyoureturnthebookyouborrowedfromTom?---Yes,Igaveittohim______Isawhim.A.forthemoment

B.themoment

C.foramoment

D.atthemoment參考答案：B11.RecentlyIboughtasecond—handcar_____wasverylow.A．

whichprice

B．thepriceofwhich

C．itspriceD．thepriceofwhose參考答案：B【考點(diǎn)】定語(yǔ)從句【試題解析】分析句子，這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意，可知句意是這輛車的價(jià)錢很低，在關(guān)系代詞which指代的是先行詞car，放在介詞前。故選B。句意：最近我買了一輛二手車，它的價(jià)格很低。12.——

I’mgoingtoseeVictim’smother.

——

I’dratheryou

.She’drather

you.

A.

didn’t;notsee

B.

notto;nottosee

C.

don’t’notsee

D.

not’nottosee參考答案：A13.Whenasandstormarrivesinacity,thetraffichastomoveslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficult____.A.tobeseen B.tosee C.seeing D.beingseen參考答案：B18.---Whatterriblenoisehere!

---Gototellthechilrenthattheyare

tobequiethere.A.hoped

B.supposed

C.thought

D.promised

參考答案：B略15.Anumberofchildren________parentshaddiedinthequakeweresenttolive withfamiliesinothercities.A.who B.whom C.that D.whose參考答案：D試題分析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。Children做先行詞，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故選D。16.--Themattermustbelookedinto.--Wearesupposedtohavealittle________.A.rain

B.weatherC.patient

D.look參考答案：C解析：patience名詞，意為"耐心"。二、完型填空17.Alargecatarrivedatafarmwheremanymicelived.Noneofthemdaredgooutsideforfearofbeing__41__bythecat.Themicedecidedtoholda__42__tofindawayofstoppingthemselvesfrombeingin__43__.Oneday,whenthecatwasout,miceofallages__44__intothemeetingroom.“Let’sbuildabigtrap,”onemouse__45__.Whenthisideawas__46__,anothersaid,“Whataboutpoisoning(毒死）her?”But__47__knewwheretobuythepoison.Oneyoungmouse,whosemotherhadbecomethecat’sfood,__48__said,“Let’scutherteeth,soshecandonomoreharm,”Butthemeetingdidnotaccepthis__49__.Atlast,onemouse,__50__thantherest,jumpedontoatable.Wavingabell,hecalledfor__51__.“Bequiet!”we’lltiethisbelltocat’stail,sowe’llalwaysknow__52__sheis!We’llhave__53__toescape,andtheslowerandweakermicewillhearhercomingandheableto__54__!”Hearingthewords,everyonegot__55__andtheycongratulatedhimonhisgoodidea.We’lltieitsotightly(緊緊地）thatitwillnever__56__!”“she’llneverbeabletowalk__57__again!Why,theotherday,shesuddenlyappearedrightinfrontofme!Justimagine....”However,thewisemousesaid,“Wemust__58__whoisgoingtotieitonhertail.”Therewasnotasoundintheroom.Nobodywas__59__enoughtoputtheplanintoaction.Themeetingendedwithoutanydecisionbeingmade.It’softenvery__60__tohavebrightideas,butputtingthemintopracticeisamoredifficultmatter.41.A.trained

B.taught

C.caught

D.invited42.A.party

B.test

C.game

D.meeting43.A.return

B.danger

C.fact

D.need44.A.rushed

B.swan

C.flew

D.stepped45.A.questioned B.explained

C.suggested

D.answered46.A.supported

B.discussed

C.accepted

D.refused47.A.everybody

B.nobody

C.somebody

D.anybody48.A.angrily

B.happily

C.carefully

D.slowly49.A.present

B.reason

C.idea

D.excuse50.A.younger

B.longer

C.stronger

D.wiser51.A.pleasure

B.silence

C.help

D.information52.A.where

B.what

C.how

D.who53.A.experience

B.power

C.time

D.space54.A.shout

B.watch

C.stay

D.hide55.A.worried

B.excited

C.surprised

D.tired56.A.dropoff

B.turnup

C.getup

D.putoff57.A.gladly

B.quickly

C.quietly

D.directly58.A.believe

B.learn

C.imagine

D.Decide59.A.honest

B.brave

C.rich

D.old60.A.easy

B.difficult

C.strange

D.important參考答案：41.C42.D43.B44.A45.C46.D47.B48.A49.C50.D51.B52.A53.C54.D55.B56.A57.C58.D59.B60.A試題分析：這篇寓言主要講述了老鼠們商量誰(shuí)來(lái)為貓兒系鈴鐺的故事。41.C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.trained訓(xùn)練；B.taught教給；C.caught抓；D.invited邀請(qǐng)。因?yàn)樨埡屠鲜笾g的關(guān)系主要存在于“抓和被抓”，該處指“老鼠都怕被這只貓抓住，所以都不敢出來(lái)?！?，故選C.42.D考查名詞辨析。A.party聚會(huì)；B.test試驗(yàn)；C.game游戲；D.meeting會(huì)議。根據(jù)文意可知為了想個(gè)辦法擺脫危險(xiǎn)的境地，老鼠們顯然是要“開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)”（holdameeting）,故選D.43.B考查名詞辨析。inreturn作為回報(bào)；indanger在危除中；infact事實(shí)上；inneed需要，stopsb/sth(fromdoingsth）阻止；防止。老鼠們開(kāi)會(huì)是要阻止目前的“危險(xiǎn)境地”。故選B.49.C考查名詞辨析。A.present現(xiàn)在；B.reason原因；C.idea主意；D.excuse借口。根據(jù)文意可知，老鼠們也沒(méi)接受它的“主意”，故選C.50.D考查形容詞辨析。A.younger更??；B.longer更長(zhǎng)；C.stronger更強(qiáng)；D.wiser更聰明。這只老鼠想出了“給貓系個(gè)鈴鐺的好主意”，所以它應(yīng)該是比其它老鼠“聰明的”，故選D.51.B考查名詞辨析。A.pleasure愉快；B.silence安靜；C.help幫助；D.information信息。根據(jù)情境，這只老鼠要發(fā)言了，所以此次它c(diǎn)allfor要求安靜，也與接著的話“Bequiet!”相照應(yīng)。故選B.52.A考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。A.where哪里；B.what什么；C.how怎樣；D.who誰(shuí)。根據(jù)句意，給貓系鈴鐺是為了讓老鼠們知道她在“哪兒”，且賓語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)而不缺名詞性成分，用連接副詞where,故選A.53.C考查名詞辨析。A.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B.power力量；C.time時(shí)間；D.space空間。根據(jù)邏輯，知道貓的位置就有“時(shí)間”逃跑。故選C.54.D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.shout喊叫；B.watch觀察；C.stay停留；D.hide藏。知道貓的位置，那些慢一些或是瘦弱些的老鼠可以“藏”起來(lái)了。根據(jù)常識(shí)選D.55.B考查形容詞辨析。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.excited興奮的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.tired累的，根據(jù)本句后半部分andtheycongratulatedhimonhisgoodidea.可知，老鼠們對(duì)于給貓系鈴鐺的主意是很贊成的，聽(tīng)到這個(gè)主意時(shí),他們都很興奮，根據(jù)情境選B.56.A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.dropoff掉下；B.turnup出現(xiàn)；C.getup起床；D.putoff推遲，該句中的it指代上文出現(xiàn)的bell，此處指把鈴鐺系緊，是為了不讓它“掉下來(lái)”，故選A.【名師點(diǎn)睛】完型填空題的命題特點(diǎn)及答題方法：1.側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力完型填空以文入手，結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，主要是詞語(yǔ)搭配、固定句型、近義詞辨析、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的能力，其中考查實(shí)詞居多。2.上下文對(duì)照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力解完型填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要注意句子間的關(guān)系及句子與段落的關(guān)系。所謂上下對(duì)照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。第48小題考查副詞辨析。A.angrily生氣地；B.happily高興地；C.carefully小心地；D.slowly慢慢地。此處修飾said，根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境可知它的媽媽被這只貓吃了，而且它的建議是把這只貓的牙給切掉，所以該處用angrily，才能恰當(dāng)?shù)乇磉_(dá)出它的心情。故選A.55小題考查形容詞辨析。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.excited興奮的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.tired累的，根據(jù)本句后半部分andtheycongratulatedhimonhisgoodidea.可知，老鼠們對(duì)于給貓系鈴鐺的主意是很贊成的，聽(tīng)到這個(gè)主意時(shí),他們都很興奮，根據(jù)情境選B.3.設(shè)置語(yǔ)境，考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力旨在考查學(xué)生在選項(xiàng)都符合語(yǔ)法及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的情況下能否利用前后語(yǔ)境去推斷出正確答案。如第44小題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.rushed沖，闖；B.swam游泳；C.flew飛；D.stepped走，邁步。根據(jù)文意可知，當(dāng)貓—出門，老鼠們便蜂擁而至地到會(huì)議室開(kāi)會(huì)。A最符合情境，故選A.4.結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)題的能力目的考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí)，看看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識(shí)，能否利用常識(shí)去做恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。如第41小題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.trained訓(xùn)練；B.taught教給；C.caught抓；D.invited邀請(qǐng)。因?yàn)樨埡屠鲜笾g的關(guān)系主要存在于“抓和被抓”，該處指“老鼠都怕被這只貓抓住，所以都不敢出來(lái)?！保蔬xC.54小題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.shout喊叫；B.watch觀察；C.stay停留；D.hide藏。知道貓的位置，那些慢一些或是瘦弱些的老鼠可以“藏”起來(lái)了。根據(jù)常識(shí)選D.5.關(guān)注連詞，考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力

此項(xiàng)用來(lái)考查學(xué)生在缺少連詞的情況想，通過(guò)閱讀能否理解句子的與句子的關(guān)系，是否了解行文邏輯的要求，能否掌握表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等的連詞的用法。第52小題考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。A.where哪里；B.what什么；C.how怎樣；D.who誰(shuí)。根據(jù)句意，給貓系鈴鐺是為了讓老鼠們知道她在“哪兒”，且賓語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)而不缺名詞性成分，用連接副詞where,故選A.三、閱讀理解18.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Today,wewilltalkaboutdietandweightloss.Exerciseisimportantifyouwanttogetingoodshape.Tohaveaperfectbody,someonegotoextremestoloseweight.

71

Intheweightlossindustry,thereisneveralackofideasabouthowtoloseweight.Considerthe“SleepingBeautydiet,”whereyousleepyourwaytoweightloss.Youcannoteatifyouaresleeping,orsothetheorygoes.

72

Thetapeworm(絳蟲(chóng))issaidtohelppeopleloseweightbyeatingthefoodthatisstoredintheirstomach.Butfirstyouhavetobewillingtoeatthelittleworm.Thismaybemoretroublethanmanypeoplewant.Strange,newdietsandexerciseprogramsarriveonthemarketeveryday.

73

Theweightlossindustrytakesinbillionsofdollarseachyear,anditisgrowing.Expertssaythereisnosingledietplanthatworksbestforeveryone.Manyexpertsagreeononething:youmustuseorburnoffmorecaloriesthanyoutakeintoloseweight.Whenyoueatmorecaloriesthanyourbodyneeds,itstoresthatextraenergyasfat.

74

Apoundoffatisequaltoabout453gramsor3,500calories.Tolosethatfatinaweek,youhavetoburnoffatleastthatamountincaloriesoreatthatmuchless.

75

Eatfewercaloriesandincreasephysicalactivitysothatyouburnoffmore.A.Thenthereisthetapewormdiet.B.Caloriesareameasureofenergyinfood.C.Butnoplanhascomeoutasaclearwinner.D.Thebestthingtodoistocombinebothideas.E.Theseleadtoabigindustry—weightlossindustry.F.Butexpertssayexercisealoneisnotenoughifyourgoalistoloseweight.G.Eachonepromisestohelppeopleloseweightandgetabeautifulbody.參考答案：FAGBD19.閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑

Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperiences?Strangelyenough,theanswertoboththesequestionsisyes．Tosomedegreeourintelligenceisgivenusatbirth,andnoamountofspecialeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence．Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings．Thusthelimitsofaperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment．Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedinanumberofways．Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomedegreesomethingwearebornwith．Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence．Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandom（隨機(jī)地）fromthepopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreesofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent．Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidentical（完全相同的）twinstheywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother．Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth．Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments．Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywherethework