新概念英語第二冊(cè)課（Lesson7）學(xué)習(xí)筆記Lesson7Toolate為時(shí)太晚Firstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。Didthedetectivessavethediamonds?那些偵探保管好鉆石了嗎？Theplanewaslateanddetectiveswerewaitingattheairportallmorning.飛機(jī)誤點(diǎn)了，偵探們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)等了整整一上午。TheywereexpectingavaluableparcelofdiamondsfromSouthAfrica.他們正期待從南非來的一個(gè)裝著鉆石的貴重包裹。Afewhoursearlier,someonehadtoldthepolicethatthieveswouldtrytostealthediamonds.數(shù)小時(shí)以前，有人向警方報(bào)告，說有人企圖偷走這些鉆石。Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.當(dāng)飛機(jī)到達(dá)時(shí)，一些偵探等候在主樓內(nèi)，另一些偵探則守候在停機(jī)坪上。TwomentooktheparcelofftheplaneandcarrieditintotheCustomsHouse.有兩個(gè)人把包裹拿下飛機(jī)，進(jìn)了海關(guān)。Whiletwodetectiveswerekeepingguardatthedoor,twoothersopenedtheparcel.這時(shí)兩個(gè)偵探把住門口，另外兩個(gè)偵探打開了包裹。Totheirsurprise,thepreciousparcelwasfullofstonesandsand!^令他們吃驚的是，那珍貴的包裹里面裝的全是石頭和沙子！【課文講解】1.Theplanewaslateanddetectiveswerewaitingattheairportallmorning.1)這句話中用了過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，was/were+動(dòng)詞的ing形式表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的狀況什么時(shí)候會(huì)用到這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)？我們?cè)谥v故事，描述當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事就需要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。很多童話故事在開頭會(huì)描述一個(gè)場(chǎng)景把人們帶入情境（setting）如：有一天晚上，三只小豬正在吃晚餐。這時(shí)，有人敲門。原來是大灰狼。Oneevening,threelittlepigswerehavingdinnerathome.Justatthattime,someonewasknockingatthedoor.Itwasthewolf.2)all一般直接加表示時(shí)間的單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成副詞短語，如：allday，allnight，allweek，allwinter，allyear等。但不說allhour。whole在表達(dá)同樣的意思時(shí)一般要加冠詞或數(shù)詞，如awholeday/year，twowholeweeks。allmorning=allthemorningTheplanewaslate飛機(jī)晚(點(diǎn))了Thebuswaslate./Thetrainwaslate.detectives沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)一些偵探或者那些偵探,強(qiáng)調(diào)偵探這種人，籠統(tǒng)觀念,可不加some,the2.TheywereexpectingavaluableparcelofdiamondsfromSouthAfrica.avaluableparcelofdiamondsSouthAfrica南非3.Afewhoursearlier,someonehadtoldthepolicethatthieveswouldtrytostealthediamonds.afewhoursearlier幾個(gè)小時(shí)以前=afewhoursbefore/afewhoursago1)Afewhoursearlier表示幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前幾天之前：afewdaysearlier幾周之前：afewweeksearlier.幾小時(shí)之后：afewhourslater.幾天之后：afewdayslater幾個(gè)周之后：afewweekslatersomeonehadtoldthepolice的時(shí)間視角：would+do過去將來時(shí),間接方式,轉(zhuǎn)述,站在過去看未來4.Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.代詞others常常和some連用，表示“有些（人）……，也有些（人）……”或“有的……，其余的……”one…theother…一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……some…others…一些……另一些……Somestudentsareveryhard-working,othersarenot.others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)1.Doyouhaveany________________question(s)?2.Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,_______________isaworker.3.Someofuslikesinginganddancing,________________goinforsports.4.Twoboyswillgotothezoo,and__________________willstayathome.5.Heisveryclever.hemaybe_________________Edison.1.There’sno_____waytodoit.A.otherB.theotherC.another2.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime.______liketotravel.A.OtherB.TheothersC.OthersD.Another3.Thiscakeisdelicious!CanIhave_______piece,please?A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother4.Whereare______boys?A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.another5.Thesupermarketison_____sideofthestreet.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others5.TwomentooktheparcelofftheplaneandcarrieditintotheCustomsHouse.takesth.off…=takesth.awayfrom…andcarrieditinto…carried表示看得很重CustomsHouse海關(guān)6.Whiletwodetectiveswerekeepingguardatthedoor,twoothersopenedtheparcel.Totheirsurprise,thepreciousparcelwasfullofstonesandsand!…werekeepingguardatthedoor,twoothersopenedtheparcel.表面上是分工,兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,不是同時(shí)開始同時(shí)結(jié)束,延續(xù)時(shí)間不一致,長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),短時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用過去時(shí).Whensomeoneknockedatthedoor,Iwashavingdinner.keepguard守衛(wèi)Theykeptacloseguardoverthethieves.atthedoor在門邊(固定搭配)twoothers=twootherdetectivestoone'ssurprise,讓某人驚訝的是Tomysurprise,theteacherwaslate.Toone’s+表達(dá)人情緒的名詞toone'sjoyTomyjoy,mymothercamehereyesterday.toone'sexcitementToourexcitement,ourteamwins.befullof...裝滿Mybagwasfullofbooks.Thecupisfullofwater.【Keystructures】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：be的過去式+現(xiàn)在分詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)經(jīng)常同在一個(gè)句子里使用。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或情況，一般過去時(shí)則表示比較短暫的動(dòng)作或事件。正在進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作或情況往往由連詞when，while，as，justas等引導(dǎo)。when，while當(dāng)……時(shí)候（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）while+從句,動(dòng)詞一定是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞when+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/瞬間動(dòng)詞while能用when代替，但是when卻不一定能用while代替。while通常只引導(dǎo)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，并且主句和從句可以同時(shí)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而when和as一般不這么用。JohnwaswatchingTVwhilehiswifewastalkingwithaneighbouroverthephone.JustasIwasleavingthehouse,youcamein.when也可以引導(dǎo)比較短暫的動(dòng)作，while和as則一般不行。Wewerehavingsupperwhenthelightswentout.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如allmorning，allnight，allday，allevening，thewholeweek等，表示這段時(shí)間一直在干什么。Whatwereyoudoingallevening?Icouldn’tfindyouanywhere.過去動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)態(tài)①過去兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,習(xí)慣上一個(gè)用一般過去時(shí),另一個(gè)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),動(dòng)作短用一般過去時(shí);分工的情況,動(dòng)作的開始時(shí)間和結(jié)束時(shí)間幾乎相同,運(yùn)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí);Iwaslisteningtotheradio,mysisterwasdancing.Whenmymotherwasdoingthehousework,myfatherwaswatchingTV.②兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在同時(shí)段進(jìn)行,在不同時(shí)間結(jié)束,先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作未結(jié)束,另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生,先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),另一個(gè)動(dòng)作用過去時(shí).WhenIwasopeningthedoor,thetelephonerang.先開門Whenthetelephonewasringing,Iopenedthedoor.電話先響③瞬間動(dòng)詞（如：arrive）沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),所以兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),瞬間動(dòng)詞使用過去時(shí)態(tài).Whenhearrived,Iwashavingdinner.Iamarriving進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將要ExercisesD1Asmyfather______(leave)thehouse,thepostman______(arrive).wasleaving；arrived(兩個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生可能性很小,應(yīng)具體分析,故用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來)5Whilemother______(prepare)lunch,Janet______(set)thetable.setthetable擺桌子waspreparing；set【SpecialDifficulties】短語動(dòng)詞中的小品詞許多動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后就會(huì)改變?cè)~義，這些介詞和副詞通常被稱為小品詞。它們沒有詞形的變化。有些小品詞既可以作介詞又可以作副詞。判斷一個(gè)小品詞是副詞還是介詞要看小品詞有沒有帶賓語。有賓語的是介詞，沒有賓語的是副詞，介詞的位置相對(duì)固定，不能變動(dòng)。①vi.&vt.+prep./adv.+賓語(n.)Sheiswalkingupthehill.②vt.+賓語(n./pron.)+adv.takeoffthecoat=takethecoatoff=takeitoffputonyourshoes=putyourshoeson=putthemonIalwaystakemoneywithme.我身上總帶些錢?！綧ultiplechoicequestions】5Someonehadtoldthepolicethatthieveswouldtrytostealthedia