PAGEPAGE1初一年級(jí)（上）英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語1.Sitdown2.onduty3.inEnglish4.haveaseat5.athome6.looklike7.lookat8.havealook9.comeon10.atwork11.atschool12.puton13.lookafter14.getup15.goshoppingII.重要句型1.helpsb.dosth.2.Whatabout…?3.Let’sdosth.4.It’stimetodosth.5.It’stimefor…6.What’s…?Itis…/It’s…7.Whereis…?It’s….8.Howoldareyou?I’m….9.Whatclassareyouin?I’min….10.Welcometo….11.What’s…plus…?It’s….12.Ithink…13.Who’sthis?Thisis….14.Whatcanyousee？Icansee….15.Thereis(are)….16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)?It’s(They’re)…17.Whose…isthis?It’s….18.Whattimeisit?It’s….III.交際用語1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mr….2.Hello!Hi!3.Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.4.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou?5.Seeyou.Seeyoulater.6.Thankyou!You’rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What’syourname?Mynameis….9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please.10.Who’sondutytoday?11.Let’sdo.12.Letmesee.IV.重要語法1.動(dòng)詞be的用法；2.人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4.冠詞的基本用法；5.Therebe句型的用法?！久麕熤v解】1.in/on在表示空間位置時(shí)，in表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.樹上有只鳥。Thereisapictureonthewall.墻上有張圖。2.this/that/these/those(1)this常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：YoulookinthisboxandI’lllookinthatoneoverthere.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。Takethesebookstohisroom,please.請(qǐng)把這些書拿到他房間去。Thisismine;that’syours.這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你的。Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。(2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如：ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?我是瑪麗。你是誰？3.Therebe/haveTherebe"有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：Therebe+某人或某物+表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語。Therebe后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語，be動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如：(1)Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可樂。(2)Thereisadollinthebox.那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。(3)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那樹上有許多蘋果?？傊琓herebe結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關(guān)系。例如：(4)Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。(5)Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。4.look/see/watch(1)look表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，表示有意識(shí)地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對(duì)方注意。，如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。Look!What’sthatoverthere?看！那邊那個(gè)是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如：He’slookingatme。他正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動(dòng)詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在圖上看到什么？Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。4.puton//inputon意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作,后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標(biāo)語和狀語。如：It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子，走了出去。ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn’smother.穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。5.house/home/familyhouse：“房子”，指居住的建筑物;Home:“家”，指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方;Family:“家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：Pleasecometomyhousethisafternoon.今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來。Heisnotathome.他不在家。Myfamilyallgetupearly.我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?.fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)別在于：(1)fine指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)"，形容人時(shí)表示的是"身體健康"，也可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身體很健康。That'safinemachine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。It'safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好時(shí)候。(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮。Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看。Nicetomeetyou.見到你很高興。It'sveryniceofyou.你真好。(3)good形容人時(shí)指"品德好"，形容物時(shí)指"質(zhì)量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Theredcarisverygood.那輛紅色小汽車很好。(4)well只可用來形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如：I'mverywell,thanks.我身體很好，謝謝。Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友們歌唱得好。Be動(dòng)詞用法：Be動(dòng)詞有三個(gè)，am,is還有are.我用am,你用are,is跟著他她它，復(fù)數(shù)全部都用are.Be動(dòng)詞的三種形式(am,is,are)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中）Iaminguangzhounow.Myfather(He)inShanghai.Mysister(She)isinWuhan.Guangzhou(it)acity.We(LucyandI)students.Youareateacher.They(GuangzhouandWuhan)cities.練習(xí)：用am,is,are填空。TheU.S._______abigcountry.Guangzhou_______oneofthelargestprovinceinChina.GuangzhouandShanghai_______mordencities.We_______inGuangzhounow.I_______astudentinXXschool.LucyandI_______teenagers.David_______myclassmate.You_______mybestfriend.Mydog_______mybestfriend.Mymotherandsister_______athome.Be動(dòng)詞的用法。（7種用法）Guangzhouisbeautiful.(對(duì)主語進(jìn)行描述。)Guangzhouisacity.(對(duì)主語下分類。即主語是什么。)Guangzhouisinthesouth.(主語的位置。)WearefromChina.(主語來自于哪里。)Iam16yearsold.(主語的年齡。)Itishotinguangzhou.(描述天氣。)Itis6o’clock.(表示時(shí)間。)1You有兩種意思：你，你們。BE動(dòng)詞都用are.到底是哪種意思，要看后面的名詞。Youareastudent.(你)Youarestudents.（你們）當(dāng)主語是另外一個(gè)人和I時(shí)。Be動(dòng)詞用are.并把另外一個(gè)人的名字放I之前，表示對(duì)別人的尊重。JohnandIaregoodfriends.主語用人稱代詞it來談?wù)摃r(shí)間和天氣。BE動(dòng)詞用is.ItishotinGuangzhou.Itis6o’clocknow.isbig.NewYorkandChicagoarebig.人稱

主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱（我）（我們）單數(shù)Imemy我的mine復(fù)數(shù)weusyur我們的ours第二人稱（你）（你們）單數(shù)youyouyour你的yours復(fù)數(shù)youyouyour你們的yours第三人稱（他）（她）（它）（他們）單數(shù)hehimhis他的hissheherher她的hersititIts它的its復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheir它、他、她們的theirs一般疑問句：一般疑問很好認(rèn)，be,do和情態(tài)，三者開頭是一般。句首沒be就加do.Be分am,is,are.Do,does,did是助動(dòng)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有許多，can,may,would,must,還有shall和should,情態(tài)動(dòng)后加動(dòng)原，遇到some是特殊，any不把some變。它的回答很簡(jiǎn)單，yes和no輪流用，哪詞來問哪詞答。冠詞用法：冠詞有三個(gè)，a,an還有the。a,an用單數(shù)，單復(fù)都用the.an用元音前，the要多注意。特指要用the,獨(dú)一無二也是the.序數(shù)，最高級(jí)前不少the。還有情況不用冠，國(guó)名，地名，人名前，前有my,this等限定，冠也千萬不能用，球類前面不加the,樂器前面要加the.零散語法：動(dòng)詞后面用賓格，主格用在不能放句尾，形容物代跟名詞，名詞物代不跟詞。Like后有名詞，沒有限定必跟復(fù)，如果動(dòng)詞放在后，ing小尾巴不能丟。Wouldlike是想要，想做事情加todo,wantto,howto不少to,to后動(dòng)原永不變。特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞(7個(gè)wh-和1個(gè)how)7個(gè)wh-:what,who,where,when,which,why,whose二、結(jié)構(gòu)1.特殊疑問詞作主語時(shí)，句式為：特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞單三形式（或is）+其他？

eg.{1}Whoisatschool?

誰在學(xué)校？{2}WhoteachesyouEnglish?

誰教你英語？2.特殊疑問詞+主語時(shí)，句式為：特殊疑問詞+主語+動(dòng)詞（或be）+其他？eg.

Whosebrotherisateacher?

誰的哥哥是一名老師？3.其他情況：特殊疑問詞+助動(dòng)詞do/does(或be)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？eg.{1}Whatdoeshedo?

他是做什么的？{2}WhereisChicago?

芝加哥在哪兒？2008—2009年初一英語上學(xué)期期末知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)與題解PartOne詞類轉(zhuǎn)換一可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù),：1Therearetwo______(university)inthedistrict.2Therearemany___(dictionary)inthebookshop.3Theyhavemany_______(photo)4Therearemanytall______(building)inthecity.5My___(parent)areworkers.6Theyare_______(manteacher)7Whatareyourfavourite________(country)intheworld?8Nowadays,weneveruse____(match)moreoftenthanbefore.9Best_______(wish)toallofyouhere!10Workin______(pair)andyoucanspeakwell.11English________(class)usuallybeginat6o’clock.12The__________(monkey)inthezoomakeallofuslaugh.13Here_____someinformationfortheholiday.14Healthyfood_______(be)helpfulforus.15Heeatstwoboxesofchocolatethisafternoon.(對(duì)劃線提問）______________chocolate______heeatthisafternoon.Thethieves’wivescutthewolvesintotwohalveswithleavesmadeintoknives.二人稱代詞和物主代詞的使用1Thisis____silkshirt.(he)2Theyare____parents(he)3Lucysitsbehind____(he)4Kateisinfrontof_____(we).5Tomisnextto_____(she)6Whoteaches____English.AtheyBthemCtheirDtheirs7Canyouhelp_____with______English(they)8Thecatislookingat___faceinthewater.(its,it’s)三詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化1Therearemany________(difference)kindsofanimalsintheworld.2Canyouwritean___________(invite)emailinEnglish?3ManyChinesestudentsstudyin_______(Europe)universitiesnow.4Everyoneofusshouldgive_______(visit)awarmwelcome.5Theshopis_________(close)atthistimeoftheday.四動(dòng)詞的使用1Let’s______(make)acakeforTony.2Shelikes_____(write)inChinese2Ihavealotofwork_______(do)3______(dance)isherfavourite.4Canyoufinish_______(run)aroundtheplaygroundin10minutes?5Hepractises________(drive)everySaturday.6Thanksfor_______(invite)metoyourparty.7ThegirlsinClassTwoareallgoodat_______(speak)English.8Hehastwo________(swim)lessonsonSunday.9Hermotheralwaysgoes________(shop)attheweekend.10Whatabout_____(keep)thisasecret?11Wouldyoulike________(stop)________(have)adrinkandarest?Youlooktirednow.12Tonyasksme________(go)toabasketballmatch.PartTwo易錯(cuò)語言點(diǎn)一冠詞a,an,the/1What____fineweatheritistoday!2Iwant______orangeplayfootball3Themanis____Arabic.4Don’tyoubelievethathecanplay____violinverywell?5Theactorinthefilmis________one-year-oldbaby.二Therebe，have/hasgot以及它們的區(qū)別1There_____(be)anappleandthreeorangesonthedesk.2Therearesomestudentsintheroom（變一般疑問）。3Thereistwodesksintheroom.(對(duì)劃線提問)4_____shegotacomputer?ADoesBDoCHaveDHas5Hehasgotanewwatch.He______gotanewwatch.6LucyhasgottwoemailboxesontheInternet(對(duì)劃線提問）______________________________Lucy______ontheinternet?7Jim____gotanydrink.Ahaven’tBhasn’tCdoesn’thaveDdon’thave8Therearemorethanonehundredteachersinourschool.（同義句）Ourschool____________morethanonehundredteachers.9__________friendshaveyougot?I___________eightfriends.三單數(shù)第三人稱，動(dòng)詞的單三形式1Sometimesshe______(send)meflowersasbirthdaypresent.2Mohteralwaysgetsupand____(cook)breakfastforthewholefamily.3________Lily’sfatheroften____(drink)wine?4Jim_______(practise)dancingeveryday5Theboyinredclothesalways______(listen)totheteachercarefully.6Linglingnever______(watch)footballmatches.7Theyusually________(have)Englishlessonsinthemorning.8TonyandLinTao_______(wear)thesameclothes.9Everyoneintheclass______(be)busyforthefinalexam.10What______(be)yourpresentforyouraunt?四be與do1Thetiger_____eatgrassAisn’tBdoesn’tCaren’tDdon’t2Theyusually_____(notgive)moneyorfruitaspresents.3Shewantstobeasingerinthefuture.(對(duì)劃線提問)_____________shewantto______inthefuture.4WeallpractisereadingEnglilsheverymorning.___________________allpractise______everymorning.5ThesnakecomesfromSouthAmerica.（同義句）Thesnake_____________SouthAmerica.6Themeetingendsat3o’clock.（同義句）Themeeting___________at3c’clock.7MybrotherandI_____(be)students.五句型轉(zhuǎn)換1Thisbananaisgreen.__________isthisbanana.2Thegreenbananaisnotgoodforustoeat._____________________notgoodforustoeat?3Hisbikeisunderthetree.____________hisbike?4youcanridethebikeunderthetree.______________________youride?5What’stheweatherlikeinWuhan?（同義句）__________________________inWuhan?六介詞的使用1Onegirl___tenisdressed_____pinkclothes.2Thisbigboxwillserveus_______atable.3Childrenwakeupupveryearly_____themorningofChristmasDay.4Theteacheriscomingback______anhour.go?5Wewalk____ourfeet.6Thereisnothingtodo_____tomorrowafternoon,isthere?7Fatherbuysanewcomputer_____meandgivesit____measanaward.8Youmustwriteaname____itifyouwanttosaveadocument.9Thegovernmentmakesaplan_____theuseofland.10ConnectpointA______pointB,wegetastraightline.11Theinvitationis_____John.Wouldyouliketogo?12Lilysits______(nextto,next)David13Thereisablackboard______theclassroom.Ai