1/37大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試長(zhǎng)篇閱讀模擬題四篇篇一：SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.BeingObjectiveonClimateChangeA.Lastweek，CraigRucker,aclimate-changeskepticandtheexecutivedirectorofanonprofitorganizationcalledtheCommitteeforaConstructiveTomorrow(CFACT)，tweetedaquotationsupposedlytakenfroma1922editionoftheWashingtonPost：“Withinafewyearsitispredictedduetoicemelttheseawillrise&makemostcoastalcitiesuninhabitable.”Theintent，ofcourse，wastopokefunatcurrentheadlinesaboutclimatechange.B.Rucker’sorganizationisamemberoftheCoolerHeadsCoalition，anumbrellaorganizationoperatedbytheCompetitiveEnterpriseInstitute，anonprofitthatpridesitselfonitsoppositiontoenvironmentalists.Ruckerhimselfispartofanetworkofbloggers，op-cdwriters，andpolicy-shopexecutiveswhoarguethatclimatechangeiseitherahoaxorallexampleofleft-winghysteria.Surfacingoldnewspaperclipsisoneoftheirfavoritegames.Theyalsomakesubstantiveargumentsaboutclimatepolicy,butthesnipingmaybemoreeffective.Thereisnostrongerrhetoricaltoolthanridicule.C.Inthiscase，Ruckcr’sridiculeseemsmisplaced.Afterspendingafewminutespokingaroundonline，1wasabletofindboththeWashingtonPostarticleandthelongerSourCematerialthatitcamefrom—aweatherreportissuedbytheU.S.consulinBergen，Norway,andsenttotheStateDepartmentonoctober10，1922.Thereportdidn’tsayanythingaboutcoastsbeinginundated.Thisisn’tsurprising.Scientistswetesmartbackthen，too,andtheyknewthatmeltingseaicewouldn’tappreciablyraisesealevels.anymorethanameltingicecuberaisesthelevelofwaterinaglass.D.Ruckerultimatelycorrectedhistweetoncecommenterspointedoutthemisquote.ThroughTwitter,heinformedmethathehadtakenthelinefromaWashingtonTimesop—edbyRichardRahn，aseniorfellowattheCatoInstitute.WhenIcontactedRahn’soffice.apressrepresentativeacknowledgedthatRahnhadcopiedthequotefromotherbloggersandcolumnists;thefabricatedsentenceappearsinarticlesatreason.cornandtexasgopvote.corn.Thefabricatedlineseemstohavebeeninsertedaround2011.buttheoriginalarticlehasbeencirculatingonlinesince2007.E.Thestatementaboutrisingsealevelsaside，1922reallywasastrangeperiodintheSvalbardarchipelago.theareadescribedbytheweatherreport.TheislandsliehalfwaybetweenNorwayandtheNorthPole,atalatitudethatputsthemseveralhundredmilesfarthernorththanBarrow,alaska.“TheArcticseemstobewarmingup.”thereportread.InAugustofthatyear,ageologistneartheislandofSpitsbergensailedasfarnorthaseighty-onedegrees.twenty.nineminutesinice-freewater.Thiswashighlyunusual.Thepreviousseveralsummershadlikewisebeenwarrn.Sealpopulationshadmovedfarthernorth，andformerlyunseenstretchesofcoastwerenowaccessible.F.Whatarewetotakefromthishistoricalevidence?AcentraltenetforRuckerandhiscolleaguesismattoday’ssea.iceretreat。warmingsurfacetemperatures，andsimilarobservationsareshort-livedanomaliesofakindthatoftenhappenedinthepast—andthatoverzealousscientistsandgulliblemediaarequicktodrumupcriseswherenoneexist.Favoriteexamplesincludenumerousnewspaperarticlesfromthenineteen.seventiesthatpredictedtheadventofanewiceage.Infact.it'spossibletofindarticlesfromnearlyeverydecadeofthepastcenturythatseemtoimplyinformationabouttheclimatethatturnedouttobeprematureorwrong.G.The1922articlehasbeenquotedrepeatedlybyRucker’scomrades-in-armssinceits2007rebirthintheWashingtonTimes.Fornearlythatlong，scientistshavebeenobjecting.GavinSchmidt，aclimatemodelerandthedeputydirectoroftheNASAGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudies，pointsoutthatwhatwasananomalyin1922isnowthenorm：thewatersnearSpitsbergenareclearoficeattheendofeverysummer.Moreimportant，long-termtemperatureandsea-icerecordsindicatethatthedramaticsea-iceretreatintheearlynineteen.twentieswasshort-lived.Italsooccurredlocallyaroundsvalbard—theunusualconditionsdidn’tevenencompassthewholeNorwegianSea，letalonetherestoftheArctic.H.0vertheweekend，afterretractinghisprevioustweet，Ruckerpostedalinktoablogitemaboutadifferentarticle.thisonea1932NewYorkTimesstory.Theeighty-year-oldheadlinereads，“TheNextGreatDelugeForecastByScience：MeltingPolarIceCapstoRaisetheLeveloftheSeasandFloodtheContinents.”Thatonesoundedjuicy,and，indeed，thistimethetextwascorrect：thatreallyiswhattheheadlinesaid.Ironically,thelcadresearchercitedinthepiecewasaGermanscientistnamedAlfredWegener,whohassometimesbeenconsideredaheroofclimate-changedeniersforacompletelydifferentreason.WegenerisknownforproposingthephenomenonofcontinentaldriftstartingaroundtheFirstWbridWar,Theideawasridiculedbeforegainingacceptanceinthenineteen-sixties，onceampleevidencehadbeenamassed.Wegener’slifcstory,then，isusedtosupporttheideathatthesmallnumberofresearchersinthefieldwhodownplaytheriskofanthropogenicclimatechangewillonedayprevail.I.Inreality,thepotentialforanthropogenicglobalwarmingwasbeingdiscussedearlierthancontinentaldrift.andtookevenlongertogainwideacceptance.TheversatileProfessorWegenerwasageophysicistandpolarresearcherwhospentmuchofhiscareerstudyingmeteorologyinGreenland，andtryingtounlockthesecretsoftheEarth’spast.Hiselevatedplaceinthecurrentclimate-changedebateisabstractedfromhistory.J.Inanycase，it’snotclearthatthebloggerslinkingtothe1932articlereadmuchbeyondtheheadline.Thcarticledoesdiscussacollapseoftheicesheetsthatwouldraisesealevelsbymorethanahundredfeet—butitsaysthateventliesthirtytofortythousandyearsinthefuture.There’snothingwrongwithexaminingoldnewspaperarticlesforcluesaboutclimateconditionsinthepast.Legitimateclimateresearcherslookathistoricaldocumentsofallkinds.However,agood-faithefforttoarriveatthetruthwouldnotrelyoncherry-pickingcatchyheadlines.Itwouldrequireconsideringthecontextandlookingatalltheevidence.Attheveryleast.itwouldn’tallowfordeliberatedistortions.Apredictionthattheicecapsmightmeltbytheyear42，000ishardlyallexampleofclimatealarmism.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimate.changeisjustaterriblefantasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthetruthwithoutdistortion.49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationistolaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerelynon-existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，wouldbeshort-lived.51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，29minutestobecoveredwithice.53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.55.Inreality,theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclimatechangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.與杯中的融冰不同，海中的融冰不會(huì)使海面快速升高。選c47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimatechangeisjustaterriblefantasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.洛克認(rèn)為氣候變化的論點(diǎn)不過是左派的糟糕的幻想，甚至根本就是一個(gè)騙局。選b48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthetruthwithoutdistortion.努力尋找證據(jù)，真實(shí)地靠近真相，這點(diǎn)是不可爭(zhēng)議的選j49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationistolaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.洛克微博這條引語(yǔ)的用意很明顯是在嘲笑有關(guān)氣候變化的文章。選a50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerelynon.existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，wouldbeshort-lived.各種有關(guān)氣候變化的非正?，F(xiàn)象不過是短暫的，是科學(xué)家和媒體所宣稱的，本不存在的危言聳聽。選f51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.發(fā)生在斯瓦爾巴特群島周圍劇烈的海冰融化現(xiàn)象只是局部的。選g52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，29minutestobecoveredwithice.照理說，北緯81度29分的水域應(yīng)該是結(jié)冰的。選e53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.終有一天，對(duì)氣候變化研究的人員數(shù)量會(huì)不斷增加。選h54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.作為氣候變化反對(duì)者的英雄人物，引用這篇文章是很諷刺的。選h55.Inreality.theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclimatechangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.事實(shí)上，大量關(guān)于氣候變化的信息最后都被證實(shí)是不可信的。選f篇二：JaguarsDon'tLiveHereAnymoreA)Earlierthismonth,theUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceannounceditwouldappoint"criticalhabitat"fortheendangeredjaguar.Jaguars--theworld'sthird-largestwildcats,weighingupto250pounds,withdistinctiveblackrosettes(玫瑰花色)ontheirfur--areaseparatespeciesfromthesmaller,tawny(黃褐色的)mountainlions,whichstillroamlargeareasoftheAmericanWestintheUnitedStatesandtakethefirststepstowardmandating(批準(zhǔn))ajaguarrecoveryplan.Thisisapolicyreversaland,onthesurface,itmayappeartobeavictoryfortheconservationcommunityandforjaguars,thelargestwildcatsintheWesternHemisphere.B)Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.What'smore,bychangingtherulesforanimalpreservation,itstandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct.C)Thedebateonwhattodoaboutjaguarsstartedin1997,when,attheurgingofmanybiologists(includingme),theFishandWildlifeServiceputthejaguarontheUnitedStatesendangeredspecieslist,becausetherehadbeenoccasionalsightingsofthecatscrossingnorthovertheUnitedStates-Mexicoborder.Atthesametime,however,theagencyruledthatitwouldnotbe"prudent"(謹(jǐn)慎的)todeclarethatthejaguarhascritical.habitat--ageographicareacontainingfeaturesthespeciesneedstosurvive--intheUnitedStates.Determininganendangeredspecies'criticalhabitatisafirststeptowarddevelopingaplanforhelpingthatspeciesrecover.D)The1997decisionnottodeterminecriticalhabitatforthejaguarwastherightone,becauseeventhoughtheycrosstheborderfromtimetotime,jaguarsdon'toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry--andthatprobablymeanstheenvironmenthereisnolongeridealforthem.E)Inprehistorictimes,thesebeautifulcatsinhabitedsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStates,butinthepast100years,therehavebeenfew,ifany,residentbreedingpopulationshere.Thelasttimeafemalejaguarwithacub(幼獸)wassightedinthiscountrywasintheearly1900s.F)Twowell-intentionedconservationadvocacygroups,theCenterforBiologicalDiversityandDefendersofWildlife,suedtheFishandWildlifeServicetochangeitsruling.Thusin2006,theagencyreassessedthesituationandagaindeterminedthatnoareasintheUnitedStatesmetthedefinitionofcriticalhabitatforthejaguar.Despiteoccasionalsightings,mostlywithin40milesoftheMexicanborder,therewerestillnodatatoindicatejaguarshadtakenupresidenceinsidetheUnitedStates.G)Afterthissecondrulingwasmade,anArizonarancher(牧場(chǎng)主),withsupportfromthestateGameandFishDepartment,setinfrared-camera(紅外攝像機(jī))trapstogathermoredata,andessentiallyconfirmedtheFishandWildlifeService'sfindings.Thecamerasdidcapturetransientjaguars,includingonemalejaguar,nicknamedMacho,B,whoroamedtheArizonaborderlandsformorethanadecade.ButMachoB,nowdead,mighthavebeenthesoleresidentAmericanjaguar,andhisextensivetravelsindicatedhewasnothavinganeasytimesurvivinginthisdry,ruggedregion.H)Despitethecontinuedevidence,thetwoconservationadvocacygroupscontinuedtosuethegovernment.Apparently,theywantjaguarstorepopulatetheUnitedStatesevenifjaguarsdon'twan!to.LastMarch,afederaldistrictjudgeinArizonaorderedtheFishandWildlifeServicetorevisitits2006determinationoncriticalhabitat.I)Thefactshaven'tchanged:thereisstillnoareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar.But,havingassertedthistwicealready,theservice,nowunderanewpresident,hasbenttothetiresomelitigation(訴訟).OnJan.12,FishandWildlifeofficials,claimedtohaveevaluatednewscientificinformationthathadbecomeavailableaftertheJuly2006ruling.TheydeterminedthatitisnowprudenttoappointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates.J)ThismeansthatFishandWildlifemustnowalsoformulatearecoveryplanforthejaguar.Andsincejaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury,thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback--especiallyifthecatshavetobereintroduced.K)Sowhynotdoeverythingwecan,atwhatevercost,tobringjaguarsbackintotheUnitedStates?Tobeginwith,theAmericanSouthwestis,atbest,marginalhabitatfortheanimals.Moreimportant,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder,fromMexicotoArgentina,thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.Governmentsandconservationgroups(includingtheoneIhead)arealreadyworkinghardtoconservejaguarpopulationsandconnectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.L).ThejaguarsthatnowandthencrossintotheUnitedStatesmostlikelycomefromthenorthernmostpopulationofjaguars,inSonora,Mexico.Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals'truehabitatitM)TherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeServicemeansthattherarefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.ItalsostandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct,becauseifcriticalhabitatisredefinedasanyplacewhereaspeciesmighteverhaveexisted,andwhereyouorImightwantittoexistagain,thenthedoorisopenformanyothersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.N)TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry'swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone--stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-charismaticendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.1.ItisstillafactthatthereisnosuitableplaceforjaguarstolivesafelyintheUnitedStates.2.TheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceshouldbemoredeterminedandsavingfortheconservationwork.3.JaguarswereregardedasendangeredspeciesbecauseoftheirrareappearanceattheUnitedStates-Mexicoborder.4.MoneywasnotspenteffectivelyinhelpingsavejaguarsintherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeService.5.ItcanbeinferredthattheUnitedStatesisnotthebestchoiceforjaguarstolivefromtheevidencethattheydon'tsettleanywherehere.6.SouthoftheUnitedStates'border,fromMexicotoArgentina,isthetruecriticalhabitatforjaguars.7.ThenumberofjaguarsbreedingpopulationsinsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStateshasdeceasedinthepastcentury.8.Itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoinvestlotsoffundsinordertohelpjaguarstoreestablish.9.Itdidn'tindicatethatjaguarshadsettleddownintheUnitedStateseventhoughtheywereseenwithin40milesoftheMexicanborderattimes.10.FishandWildlifeofficialsweresureenoughtoappointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates.''1.I)?！绢}干譯文】這仍然是一個(gè)事實(shí)：在美國(guó)沒有合適的地方讓美洲虎安全地生存。【定位】由題干中的stillafact和nosuitableplace定位到原文I)段第一句：11lefactshaven’tchanged：thereisstillnoareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar.【精解】原文中的thefactshaven’tchanged對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的itisstillafact，原文中的noareaintheUnitedStatesessentialtotheconservationofthejaguar對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的nosuitableplaceforjaguarstolivesafelyintheUnitedStates，因此原文定位句和題干是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故選I)。2.N)。【題干譯文】美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心應(yīng)該更加堅(jiān)定并且為保護(hù)工作節(jié)約開支?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的determinedandsavingfortheconservationwork定位到原文N)段第一句：TheFishandWildLifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry'swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone——stickwiththeiroriginal.correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.【精解】定位句表明美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心需要堅(jiān)持他們最初的正確的決定并且為更為重要的美洲虎保護(hù)工作節(jié)省資金。題于中的bemoredetermined對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的9rowastrongerbackbone，故選N)。3.C)?！绢}干譯文】由于在美國(guó)和墨西哥邊境的稀少出現(xiàn)，美洲虎被認(rèn)為是一種瀕危物種?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的regardedasendangeredspecies定位到原文c)段第一句：…theFishandWildlifeServiceputthejaguarontheUnitedStatesendangeredspecieslist，becausetherehadbeenoccasionalsightingsofthecatscrossingnorthovertheUnitedStates.Mexicoborder.【精解】定位句表明，美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心將美洲虎列到瀕危物種名單，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苌俪霈F(xiàn)在美國(guó)和墨西哥邊境。定位句是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，題于巾是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但它們是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故c)為答案。4.M)?！绢}干譯文】美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心在最近行動(dòng)中并沒有將資金有效地利用在保護(hù)美洲虎上?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的intherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeService定位到原文M)段第一句：TherecentmovebytheFishandWildlifeServicemeansthattherarefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.【精解】由定位句可知，美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心的最近行動(dòng)意味著致力于保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的稀有的聯(lián)邦資金被浪費(fèi)了。題干中的notspenteffectively“(資金)沒有被有效利用”與此為同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故M)為答案。5.D)?！绢}干譯文】美洲虎并未長(zhǎng)期定居在美國(guó)境內(nèi)，通過這一證據(jù)可以推斷美國(guó)并非是它們棲息的最好環(huán)境?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的thebestchoiceforjaguarstolive定位到原文D)段：…jaguarsdon’toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry--andthatprobablymeanstheenvironmenthereisnolongeridealforthem.【精解】題干中的thebestchoice與原文中的ideal屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的don’tsettleanywherehere與原文中的don’toccupyanyterritoryinourcountry也屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故D)為答案。6.K)?！绢}干譯文】美國(guó)邊境以南，從墨西哥到阿根廷，是美洲虎真正的危急棲息地?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的fromMexicotoArgentina定位到原文K)段第四句：Southofourborder.fromMexicotoArgentina，thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.【精解】題干中的fromMexicotoArgentina和原文中的一樣，原文意思是美洲虎在這些地點(diǎn)繁衍生息，也就是它們真正的危急棲息地，故K)為答案。7.E)?！绢}干譯文】在美國(guó)西部的重要區(qū)域繁衍生息的美洲虎的數(shù)目在近一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來減少了?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的breedingpopulations定位到原文E)段第一句：Inprehistorictimes.thesebeautifulcatsinhabitedsignificantareasofthewesternUnitedStates，butinthepastl00years。therehavebeenfew，ifany，residentbreedingpopulationshere.【精解】定位句表明，在史前時(shí)代，美洲虎尚且棲息在美國(guó)西部的重要區(qū)域，而在近一百年間，卻寥寥無(wú)幾。由此可知，在美國(guó)西部的重要區(qū)域繁衍生息的美洲虎的數(shù)目減少了，故E)為答案。8.J)?！绢}干譯文】政府很有必要投入資金來幫助美洲虎重建柄息地。【定位】由題干中的helpjaguarstoreestablish定位到原文J)段第二句：Andsincejaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury，thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback.【精解】原文定位句的意思足“由于過去一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，美洲虎無(wú)法憑借自己的力量壯大族群，政府需要投入巨大的資金來幫助它們?！}干和原文中都出現(xiàn)了reestablish“恢復(fù)，重建”，且題干中的Itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoinvestlotsoffunds與原文中的thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpense屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)換，故J)為答案9.F)?！绢}干譯文】即使在墨西哥邊境40英里以內(nèi)偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲虎的蹤跡，也不能表明美洲虎已經(jīng)在美國(guó)棲息了。【定位】由題干中的within40milesoftheMexicanborder定位到原文F)段第三句：Despiteoccasionalsightings，mostlywithin40milesoftheMexicanborder，therewerestillnodatatoindicatejaguarshadtakenupresidenceinsidetheUnitedStates.【精解】題干中的eventhoughtheywereseen…attimes與定位句中的Despiteoccasionalsightings屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的Itdidn’tindicatethat…與原文巾的therewerestillnodatatoindicate也屬于同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故F)為答案。10.I)?！绢}干譯文】美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)中心對(duì)于在美國(guó)境內(nèi)指定美洲虎的危急棲息地非常確信?！径ㄎ弧坑深}干中的appointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates定位到原文I)段第四句：TheydeterminedthatitisnowprudenttoappointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates.【精解】題干中和原文定位句中都出現(xiàn)了同一短語(yǔ)appointcriticalhabitatforthejaguarintheUnitedStates，且題干中的Sureenough和原文中的determined為同義轉(zhuǎn)述.故I)為答案。篇三：SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseapara'graphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.GreenGrowthA.Theenrichmentofpreviouslypoorcountriesisthemostinspiringdevelopmentofourtime.Itisalsoworrying.Theenvironmentisalreadyunderstrain.Whatwillhappenwhentheglobalpopulationrisesfrom7billiontodayto9.3billionin2050,asdemographers(人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家)expect,andagrowingproportionofthesepeoplecan'affordgoodsthatwereoncereservedfortheelite?Cantheplanetsupportsomucheconomicactivity?B.Manypolicymakersadoptatop-downandWestern-centficapproachtosuchplanetaryproblems.Theydiscussambitiousregulationsinglobalforums,orlooktogiantmultinationalsandwell-heeled(富有的)NGOstosetanexample.Butsincemostpeopleliveintheemergingworld,itmakessensetolookatwhatsuccessfulcompaniestherearedoingtomakegrowthmoresustainable.C.AnewstudybytheWorldEconomicForum(WEF)andtheBostonConsultingGroup(BCG)identifies16emerging-marketfirmsthattheysayareturningeco-consciousnessintoasourceofcompetitiveadvantage.Thesehighlyprofitablecompanies(whichthestudycalls"thenewsustainabilitychampions")areusinggreenerytoreducecosts,motivateworkersandforgerelationships.Theirhome-grownideaswillprobablybeeasierfortheirpeerstocopythananythingcookedupintheWest.D.Themostoutstandingqualityofthesecompaniesisthattheyturnlimitationsofresources,laborandinfrastructure)intoopportunities.Thus,India'sShreeCement,whichhastongsufferedfromwatershortages,developedtheworld'smostwater-efficientmethodformakingcement,inpartbyusingair-coolingratherthanwater-cooling.ManilaWater,autilityinthePhilippines,reducedtheamountofwateritwaslosing,throughwastageandillegaltapping,from63%in1997to12%in2010bymakingwateraffordableforthepoor.BroadGroup,aChinesemakerofairconditioners,tapsthewasteheatfrombuildingstopoweritsmachines.ZhangzidaoFisheryGroup,aChineseaquaculture(水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖)company,recyclesuneatenfishfeedtofertilizecrops.E.Settinggreengoalsisacommonpractice.Sekem,anEgyptianfoodproducer,setitselfthetaskofreclaiming(開墾)desertlandthroughorganicfarming.FloridaIce&Farm,aCostaRicanfoodanddrinkcompany,hasadoptedstrictstandardsfortheamountofwateritcanconsumeinproducingdrinks.F.Thesefirmsmeasurethemselvesbytheirgreenery,too.FloridaIce&Farm,forexample,links60%ofitsboss'spaytothetriplebottomlineof"people,planetandprofit".Thesustainabilitychampionsalsoencouragetheirworkerstocomeupwithgreenideas.Natura,aBraziliancosmeticscompany,givesbonusestostaffwhofindwaystoreducethefirm'simpactontheenvironment.Masisa,aChileanforestrycompany,invitesemployeesto"imagineunimaginablebusinesses"aimedatpoorerconsumers.Woolworths,aSouthAfricanretailer,claimsthatmanyofitsbestgreenideashavecomefromstaff,notbosses.G.Inemergingmarketsitishardforcompaniestosticktoonespecialism,becausetheyhavetoworryaboutsomanywiderproblems,fromhumbleinfrastructuretounreliablesupplychains.Sothesustainabilitychampionsseektoshapethebusinessenvironmentinwhichtheyoperate.Theylobby(游說)regulators:GrupoBalbo,aBrazilianorganic-sugarproducer,isworkingwiththeBraziliangovernmenttoestablishacertificationsystemfororganicproducts.TheyformpartnershipswithgovernmentsandNGOs.Kenya'sEquityBankhasformedanalliancewithgroupssuchasTheInternationalFundforAgriculturalDevelopmenttoreduceitsriskswhenlendingtosmallholders.Naturahasworkedwithitssupplierstoproducesustainablepackaging,includinganew"green"plasticderivedfromsugarcane.H.Thefirmsalsoworkhardtoreachandeducatepoorconsumers,oftensacrificingshort-termprofitstocreatefuturemarkets.Masisaorganizeslocalcarpentersintonetworksandconnectsthemtolow-incomefurniturebuyers.BroadGrouphasdevelopedaminiaturedeviceformeasuringairpollutionthatcanfitintomobilephones.JainIrrigation,anIndianmakerofirrigationsystems,usesdanceandsongtoexplainthebenefitsofdripirrigationtofarmerswhocan'tread.Suntech,aChinesesolar-powercompany,hasestablishedalow-carbonmuseumtocelebratewaysofreducingcarbon-dioxideemissions.Richbecamegreen,orgreenbecamerich?I.Onecouldquibble(爭(zhēng)辯)withBCG'sanalysis.PhilRosenzweigofSwitzerland'sIMDbusinessschoolhasarguedthatmanagementwritersareproneto"thehaloeffect":theytreatthetemporarysuccessofacompanyasproofthatithasdiscoveredsomeeternalprincipleofgoodmanagement.Thefactthatsomesuccessfulcompanieshaveembracedgreenerydoesnotprovethatgreenerymakesafirmsuccessful.Somefirms,havingprospered,findtheycanaffordtosplurge(揮霍)ongreenery.Somesuccessfulfirrnspursuegreeneryforpublic-relationspurposes.Andforeverysustainableemergingchampion,therearesurely100firmsthathaveprosperedbybelching(噴出)fumesintotheairorpumpingtoxinsintorivers.J.Nonetheless,thecentralmessageoftheWEF-BCGstudy--thatsomeofthebestemerging-worldcompaniesarecombiningprofitswithgreenery--isthought-provoking.Manycriticsofenvironmentalismarguethatitisarich-worldluxury:thatthepoorneedadequatefoodbeforetheyneedsuper-cleanair.Someevenseegreeneryasarich-worldconspiracy(陰謀):theWestgrewrichbyindustrializing(andpolluting),butnowwantstostoptherestoftheworldfromfollowingsuit.TheWEF-BCGreportdemonstratesthatsuchfearsareoverblown.Emerging-worldcompaniescanbejustasgreenastheirWesternrivals.Manyhavefoundthat,whennaturalresourcesarescarceandconsumersarecash-strapped(資金短缺的),greenerycanbealucrative(利潤(rùn)豐厚的)businessstrategy.46.Anair-conditionermanufacturerusesthewasteheatfrombuildingstosupplyitsmachineswithpower.47.Manycriticsofenvironmentalismholdtheviewthatgreeneryisarich-worldluxurybecausethat'snotwhatthepoorpeoplebadlywant.48.Workersofthesustainabilitychampionsaremotivated