專題03閱讀理解（七選五）

-2023年新高考八省最新名校聯(lián)考試題匯編

（解析版）

1.【石家莊市二中2022-2023學年高三試題】

Whatisheritage?Thewordcanbedifficulttodefine.Heritageisalwayssomethingthatispasseddownby

familiesorothergroupsformanyyears.16Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedby

groupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible（有形

的）,thenatural,andtheintangible.

17Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenational

monumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecan

bepartofanindividual'sheritage.

Manypartsofthenaturalworldarealsoimportanttoculturalheritage.Thiscanincludebodiesofwater,plant

life,landformsandmore.OneexampleistheNileRiver.18Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyin

manycultures.

Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan'tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou've

readaboutformsofdance,likeFlamencodancing.YoumightknowaboutthemusicofMariachiBandsorholidays

likeEid.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleheritage.19

Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.

Butit'salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.20Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumay

haveincommonwithothers!

A.Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.

B.Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?

C.However,heritageisn'tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.

D.Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.

E.Therefore,it'sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.

F.Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.

G.IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.F

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。講述了遺產是由家庭或其他群體傳承多年的東西。然而，遺產并不局限于具

體的物品，它也是一群人共有的習俗、傳統(tǒng)和價值觀。

16.根據(jù)下文“Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.（它也可以是一群人共

享的習俗、傳統(tǒng)和價值觀）”可知，此處應指遺產不局限于某種東西，與C項“However,heritageisn'tlimitedto

concreteobjects.（然而，遺產并不局限于具體的物品）”符合題意。故選C。

17.根據(jù)上文“Thesearethetangible（有形的）,thenatural,andtheintangible.（遺產分為有形的、自然的、和無

形的三種）"及空后"Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.（它可以包括許多具有文化

價值的人造物。）“，再結合下文中列舉的人造物品的例子，包括“nationalmonumentsandworksofart"、“ancient

sites”等；由此可知，本段主要講述哪些是有形的遺產，B項“Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?（哪些

有形物品可以成為遺產的一部分）“符合題意，故選B。

18.本段主要介紹自然遺產。根據(jù)空前“OneexampleistheNileRiver.（尼羅河就是一個例子）”可知，空處應

該會繼續(xù)講述與尼羅河有關的內容。G項“IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsfor

centuries.（幾個世紀以來，它一直是許多非洲國家文化遺產的一部分廠承接上文，符合題意。故選G。

19.本段主要介紹無形的遺產。上文提到了舞蹈、音樂等無形的遺產，D項“Languages,holidaysandcustoms

alsomakethelist.（語言、節(jié)日、習俗也榜上有名）”承接上文，介紹了其他的無形遺產，符合題意。故選D。

20.根據(jù)上一句"Butifsalsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.（但了解他人的遺產也很重要）''及下

一句"Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!（它還可以引導您找到與他人可能

有共同點的東西?。笨芍?，空出應該是介紹了解他人的遺產的好處，F(xiàn)項“Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastronger

understandingofothercultures.（這樣做可以幫助您更深入地了解其他文化）“承上啟下，符合題意。故選F。

2.【廣東省六校2023年高三聯(lián)考】

Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneofthe

mostsignificantwayschildrenplay.16.Itcanbenefitchildreninmanyways.

Children'sbrainsareactivatedwhenrole-playing,accordingtochilddevelopmentexperts.

17.Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoactoutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneed

tobetakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.Asaresult,

theybecomeabletogiveinstructionsandorganizeothers.

18.Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersand

followers.Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellasto

apologizewhentheydisagreeorhavestrongarguments.

Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren'simaginationsandcan

thereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmay

pretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.19.

Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefearof

goingtoschoolforthefirsttime.20.Tohelptheirchildrenmastertheirfears,expertsencourageparents

tolettheirchildrenrole-playandeventoparticipateintheseactivitieswiththeirchildren.

A.Children'ssocialskillscanalsobedeveloped.

B.Childrenmightdressupandassumedifferentroles.

C.Moreoften,childrenmayactoutstoriestheyreadinbooks.

D.Languageskillsaresomeofthemostcriticalaspectsoflearning.

E.Whetherrole-playingoccursornotdependsontheintentionsoftheindividuals.

F.Thisinvolvesachildinanactivitywhereheorshepretendstobeanotherperson.

G.Role-playingsituationslikethesebeforehandcanhelpchildrenlower.

【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.G

【導語】本文是說明文。文章對“角色扮演”進行簡要介紹，其次提出了“角色扮演”可以幫助孩子學習、培養(yǎng)

孩子想象力以及幫助孩子應對?些他們產生不良情緒的狀況。

16.上文“Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneof

themostsignificantwayschildrenplay.（對幾乎所有的孩子來說，玩耍是學習過程中的一個關鍵組成部分。角

色扮演是孩子們最重要的游戲方式之-o廠提到了角色扮演是孩子們學習過程中的最重要的游戲方式之

F項“這涉及到一個孩子在一個活動中，他或她假裝是另一個人?！苯忉屃私巧缪?，承接上文，引出下文“It

canbenefitchildreninmanyways.（它可以在許多方面使兒童受益。）”,F項中的this指代上文的“Role-playing”,

下文的it也是指代“Role-playing”。故選F。

17.根據(jù)下文“Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoacloutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneedto

betakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.（當孩子們扮

演角色時，他們必須制定計劃來表演一個故事，并找出需要采取什么步驟來完成它。通過這些活動，孩子

們可以提高他們的口語能力。戶可知，本段講述通過角色扮演孩子們可以提高語言表達能力，D項“語言技

能是學習中最關鍵的方面之一?！?符合語境，引出下文的解釋說明。故選D。

18.根據(jù)下文“Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersandfollowers.

Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellastoapologizewhen

theydisagreeorhavestrongarguments4當孩子們參加集體活動時，他們會被分配角色。有領導者，也有追隨

者。當孩子們彼此意見不一致時，他們必須學會協(xié)商和妥協(xié)，以及在他們意見不一致或有強烈爭論時道歉。）”

可知，本段講述孩子們可以通過角色扮演學會協(xié)商，妥協(xié)和道歉，提高社交能力，A項“孩子們的社交技能

也可以得到發(fā)展。'‘符合語境。故選A。

19.根據(jù)上文“Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren'simaginationsand

canthereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmay

pretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.（除了幫助孩子們學習一些技能，角色

扮演還能培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力，因此可以采取多種形式。例如，男孩可能會像他們的父親一樣假裝刮胡子，

而女孩可能會假裝是母親來做一些H常工作，比如照顧嬰兒。）“可知，角色扮演還可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力，

空格上文列舉了一些角色扮演培養(yǎng)想象力的活動，男孩扮演父親，女孩扮演母親，C項“更常見的情況是，

孩子們可能會表演他們在書中讀到的故事。''符合語境，與前文是順承關系，故選C。

20.前文“Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefear

ofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime.（最后，角色扮演可以幫助孩子們處理由特定行為引起的情感痛苦，比如對

第一次上學的恐懼。）''講述了角色扮演可以幫助孩子們處理情感痛苦，并舉例，G項中的“helpchildrenlower

theirfearinreality"與本段話題一致，因此推斷G項“像這樣的角色扮演情境可以幫助孩子們降低他們在現(xiàn)實

中的恐懼'‘符合語境，"theirfearinreality”呼應上文的“thefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime”以及下文的

“fears”。故選G。

3.12023屆福建省泉州重點高中質量監(jiān)測試題】

Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Butto

oursuiprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity（成

熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,44Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,and"You'rerightaboutthat.Couldwe

consider...?”16Andthingswentsmoothly.Sowhataremorewaystobringmorecool,collectedcalm

intoourlife?Herearesome.

?Focusonyourownstuff.

Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,

relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan'thelpbutjustdoyou.

17

?Knowhowtolaughatyourself.

JoanRiverssaid,"Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.ItJsallfunny.^^18Andonceyougettothe

pointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.

?19

Idon'tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcuses

orexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff'you're

empowered.

20.Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto“shakeitoff'.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourself

fromanything:amderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou'veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...

whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.

A.Neverreact.

B.Don'tblameothers.

C.Lifedoesn'thavetobesoserious,doesit?

D.Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.

E.Willguiltandregrethaveyoulivinginthepast?

F.Hemethiscolleague'sargumentwithabsolutecalm.

G.Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.

【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.B20.G

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了可以給我們的生活帶來更多的冷靜和從容的方法。

16.根據(jù)前文“Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferent

opinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshoweda

calmmaturity（成熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,t4Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,"and“You'rerightaboutthat.

Couldweconsider…?”（最近，我參加了一個商務會議，兩位經(jīng)理針鋒相對，提鋁了截然不同的觀點。但令

我們驚訝的是，會議進行得非常順利——而這一切都是因為其中一人表現(xiàn)出了冷靜成熟的態(tài)度。他一直在

說，“我完全明白你的意思，杰夫，”和“你說得對。我們可以考慮……嗎7T可知，其中一人以絕對冷靜的

態(tài)度面對爭議，所以F項“Hemethiscolleague\argumentwithabsolutecalm.（他以絕對冷靜的態(tài)度面對同事

的爭論）”符合文意。故選F項。

17.空處位于段末，應是對前文的總結，根據(jù)前文“Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverour

paychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,

youcan'helpbutjustdoyou.（我們很容易拿自己的薪水、衣柜里的東西、關系狀況等與他人比較。但當你意

識到最重要的是你自己時，你就會情不自禁地做你自己）“推知，當我們意識到自己是最重耍的后生活會有什

么樣的改變。D項“Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.（當這種情況發(fā)生時，生活就變得精彩了）“符合文

意。故選D項。

18.根據(jù)前文“JoanRiverssaid,“Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It'sallfunny.”（瓊?里弗斯說過:“生命過

得很快。享受它°冷靜下來。一切都很有趣。以及后文"Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughat

yourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.（一旦你到了可以自嘲的程度，你就可以嘲笑任何事情了戶可知,

空處是一個過渡句，是對前一句的進一步說明，并引出下文，所以C項“Lifedoesn'thavetobesoserious,does

it?（生活沒必要這么嚴肅，不是嗎?廠講述的是抱著愉快的態(tài)度看待生活，是對前文的進一步說明，同時通過

反義疑問句，引出下文。故選C項。

19.空處是本段的小標題，是對本段的高度概括，根據(jù)下文"Idon'tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upIhan

taking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.

Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff*'you'reempowered.（我認為沒有什么比對自己的生活承擔百

分之百的責任更成熟的了。沒有借口或例外——父母的，政府的或其他的。當你擁有你的環(huán)境和你的“東西”

時.，你就被賦予了力量）“可知，本段說的是自己去承擔責任，不要責怪他人，所以B項“Don'tblameothers.（不

要指責他人）“符合文意。故選B項。

20.分析設空，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto"shakeit

off1.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou'venever

liked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresent

moment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.（我們可以通過“擺脫冷靜”的能力來量化我們的冷靜。你真的可以選擇

讓自己從任何事情中解脫出來：一句粗魯?shù)脑?，一個你不喜歡的人的不尊重，一個消極攻擊的同事……無

論什么。當你能擺脫所有這些，專注于當下，你就找到了答案戶可知，本段是在講述，當能擺脫一些讓自己

不快的事時，就說明你成熟了，所以G項“Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.（當戲劇性事件

和不滿結束時，成熟就開始了）''符合文意。故選G項。

4.【黑龍江省實驗中學2022-2023學年高三模擬試題】

Self-managementreferstoself-control,whichisasignofinnerstrength.Thereisnooneeasyorsimpleway

toleamit,aseveryone'smindworksdifferentlyfromanother.16Here'salistofwaystodevelop

self-managementskills.

HaveGoals

Ifsomethingisimportantenoughforyou,itshouldbewrittendownsomewhereasyourgoal.Whetheritis

losingsomeweightorfinishingacoursewithacertaingrade,havingagoaltoreachisimportantforyour

motivation.Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou'redoingsomethingornotdoingsomething.17

Setaschedule

Dailyorweeklyschedulesgivesyoumoreofafeelingthatthingsarebeingaccomplished.Studentswhoset

schedulesforthemselvestendtobeabitmoreorganizedandawareofeverythingthatishappeningaroundthem.

18Forexample,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwiththeir

friendslater.

19

Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjustyourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes.Takeastepbackandassess

（評估）whatyouaredoingandchangeit.It'sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmake

positivechangestowardsmeetingyourgoals.20Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.Knowingthat

ifsokayandthatyoucanmoveonisallthemotivationyou'llneedtopickyourselfbackup.

Self-Managementskillsareessentialforlife.OnlythroughSelf-Managementcanyoutrulyownyourfuture.

Sotakeitseriouslyandfindwaystoimproveyourself.

A.Assessyourself.

B.Behonesttoyourself

C.Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.

D.Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.

E.Youcanevenbreakitdowntoyearly,monthly,weekly,andevendailyones.

F?They'reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnoworlater.

G.Thisstepisespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.

【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.B20.G

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹的是培養(yǎng)自己自我管理能力的幾種方法。

16.根據(jù)空前的“Thereisnooneeasyorsimplewaytolearnit,aseveryone'smindworksdifferentlyfrom

another.（沒有一種簡單或簡單的方法來學習它，因為每個人的思維方式都不同。戶與空后的“Here'salistof

waystodevelopself-managementskills.（以下是發(fā)展自我管理技能的方法列表。廠可知，上文說的是大家思維

方式不同，所以沒有一種簡單的方法學會自我管理，而空后卻說有一系列的培養(yǎng)自我管理的技能，所以空

處表示的是承上啟下。結合選項C中的“Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.（但是有些事情對大多數(shù)

人都有效。戶轉折連詞but銜接上下文。故選C項。

17.根據(jù)本段的小標題以及空前的"Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou'redoingsomethingornotdoing

something4它為您提供了做某事或不做某事的理由。戶可知，此處的it指代的是“有目標”，選項D中的

“Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.（無論是天生的還是后天的，都是一項偉大的技能。）”it指代

的內容一致。故選D項。

18.根據(jù)下文中的“Forexample,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwith

theirfriendslater.（例如，他們通常喜歡偶爾學習幾個小時，然后他們可以和朋友出去玩。戶可知，下文是通

過舉例來說明本段的主題，選項F中的"They'reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnow

orlater.（他們能夠提前考慮他們現(xiàn)在或以后需要完成什么。廣代詞they指代內容一致。故選F項。

19.根據(jù)空格所處的位置，分析篇章結構可知，此處應該選擇祈使句。根據(jù)“Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjust

yourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes4如果你沒有達到你的目標，調整你的目標來彌補你過去的錯誤

和"It'sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmakepositivechangestowardsmeeting

yourgoals.（不達到目標沒關系，只要你能承認它并為實現(xiàn)目標做出積極的改變。戶可知，本段講述的主題要

敢于承認和面對未實現(xiàn)目標的情況，B項“Behonesttoyourself.（對自己誠實。）”符合語境。故選B項。

20.根據(jù)下文中的“Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.（但有時你只是達不到要求。）”并結合本段的小標題“Be

honesttoyourself.（對自己誠實。）”可知，此處表示的是對自己誠實是一個很難做到的技能，選項G“Thisstep

isespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.（這一步特別困難，因為您

想自我感覺良好并實現(xiàn)目標。）''符合語境。故選G項。

5.【湖北省高中名校聯(lián)合體2023年高三診斷試題】

DoActionsSpeakLouderthanWords?

Oursocietyisfastpaced.Weareallrushingfromoneplacetothenext,blowingourhornatslowdriverswho

maybesingingsongsinthecarwiththeirchildrenorpointingoutsomeinterestingsights.Wedon'thavetimefor

thatsillinesstoday.Butwetrytosaytoourselvesthatwewillmaketimeforfuntomorrow.Itistimetotakeafew

deepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords.16

Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthesaying“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords"？Thinkaboutitnow.Ifyou

sayonethingandactinanoppositeway,willthewordsbeignoredandjusttheactionsremembered?Idon'tthink

so.17Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation,love,approvalandhappinessandthen

followthosewordswithahug,patonthebackorsmile.

18Whataboutthatsaying?True?Yes!Wordscarryalotofweightandwillberememberedforyears

especiallywhentheyarewrittendown.Meanwordscanhurtforthatmomentandforalifetime.Iamsurethateach

ofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.19Let'snotbeamemberofthat"club”.

Whenwasthelasttimethatyouhidalovenoteinalunchboxorinyourmate'scoatpocket?Ifyouwanttoseea

brightsmile,thatwilldoit!Thepowerofthiswrittennotewillberememberedformanydays,evenyears.

“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment（夸獎）”,saidMarkTwain.Childrengrowstrongerwhenthey

feelappreciatedandunderstood.20Aperfectwaytoturnabaddayaroundistopraiseyourchild.noticed

thatyourhairlookedverynicetoday.,,“Didyouhangyourcoatupallbyyourself?,,Itisamazinghowthosefew

wordscanchangeachild'soutlook...almostimmediately.Don'tstopthere...Oneofmysistersendedaphone

conversationwiththreewords—“Iloveyou”!Boy,thatputaspringinmystep!MarkTwainisright.Istillfeelthe

positiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords.

A.Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.

B.Isitreallyreasonabletodosomethinglikethat?

C.Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?

D.Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.

E.Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.

F.Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.

G.Don'tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.

【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.F20.G

【分析】本文是一篇議論文。通過一系列的說明，解釋/文字，語言的重要性以及對人的影響。作者告訴

我們語言對人們有終生的影響，因此我們要鼓勵贊美孩子，不要使用刻薄的話諷刺挖苦孩子。

16.考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中"Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreaths

andthinkaboutouractionsandourwords."（到了該好好考慮我們的行為和言語的時候了。）與選項C中的

"they”對應可知。因此C選項切題。Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?4€/Eff］（我們的行為和

言語）傳達了我們想要表達的態(tài)度了嗎？故選C。

17.考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。根據(jù)此空后”Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation*'

和選項D中"Itisimportant”對應可知D項切題。Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.“使你的

言行與行為相符這很重要“。故選D。

18.考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。Whataboutthatsaying?（這一諺語怎么樣?）提到的saying既

是指Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.（筆桿子比寶劍還要鋒利），文章中的“Wordscarryalotofweight,1

也解釋了這一諺語的含義。故選A。

19.考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。上句Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadean

unkindcomment.（我確信每個人都記得有時候，某個朋友會做出不友善的評論。）提到的madeanunkind

comment”與選項F中的“Thosewords”對應。因此F選項切題。Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,the

relationshiporboth.這些話語會對你和你們之間的關系造成持久的傷害。故選F。

20.考查句意理解和上下文語境理解。由最后一段講述了贊美的重要性可知空格處應該與鼓勵贊美相關，

從段落中“Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords."/『'Icanlivefortwomonths

onagoodcompliment（夸獎）"也能看出G選項切題。Don'tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwords

alldaylong.“不要害怕把鼓勵的語言如雨般傾注在孩子身上二故選Go

6.【湖南省長沙市長郡中學20222023學年高三試題】

WhyDoesFoodTasteBadOnAirplanes?

Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?Accordingtopopularlyaccepted

studies,thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilitytoperceivetaste.16Lefsgetintotheactualdetails

beforeyougetoffended.

TheCabinAiris15%DrierThantheAirontheGround

Tomaintainthepressureinsidethecabin,airlinesmustcloselyregulatetheairinside,involvingchangingits

composition.Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.17Inan

environmentlikethis,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway.

ThePressureInsidetheCabinisLowerThanontheGround

Inthepressurizedcabinapassenger'sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavities（鼻腔）swell.

Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuch

conditionsfeel,sincewe'veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.18

19

Badfoodcan'tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabinconditionstoo.It?salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.

Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbecookedonthegroundandunbreakable.Suchrequirementsformass

productiondefinitelytiesdowntheChef'shands.

Whatcanbedone?

20Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyone

needstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefound.

A.Themethodoffoodproductionisdifferent.

B.Themassproductionoffoodistoblame.

C.Insomecases,it'sevendrierthancertaindeserts.

D.Asickpersonisfarfromthebestjudgeoffoodquality.

E.Thatmakesitourbody'sfault,ratherthantheairlines.

F.Butthatdoesn'tmeanmealsservedonairplanescan'ttastejustasgood.

G.Basically,wecan'tusethesamerecipesforairlinemealsthatwewoulduseontheground.

【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.A20.G

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了飛機上食物嘗起來沒有味道的原因。

16.根據(jù)上文“Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?,,（你有多少次抱怨航空

食品無味？）可知，我們時常抱怨飛機上食物寡淡無味。再由"thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilityto

perceivetaste（原因可能是我們感知味道的能力發(fā)生「變化廠可知，這可能是我們自身的原因，而不是食物的

問題。故選E項。

17.根據(jù)上文“Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.”（機艙內的空

氣比我們在地面上呼吸的空氣干燥得多。）可知，機艙內的空氣更干燥些，再根據(jù)后文“Inanenvironmentlike

this,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway."（在這樣的環(huán)境中，你的味覺和嗅覺能力開始消失。）

可知，味覺和嗅覺的能力都開始消失，說明干燥的程度很嚴重，因此，設空處可進一步描述干燥的程度。C

項“在某些情況下，它甚至比某些沙漠還要干燥”進一步補充空氣的干燥程度，符合語境。故選C項。

18.根據(jù)上文“Inthepressurizedcabinapassenger'sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavitiesswell.

Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuch

conditionsfeel,sincewe'veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.^^（在壓力艙中，乘客的體液會向上移動，鼻腔會腫脹。

腫脹擾亂了我們的味蕾，使食物的味道變得毫無吸引力。你可能知道在這樣的條件下吃飯的感覺，因為我

們都曾與感冒作過斗爭。）可知，上文部分解釋了這與艙內的壓力使得味蕾、鼻腔都發(fā)生變化有關。這種

情況跟我們感冒時吃東西總感覺沒有味道的情況類似。由此可知，我們不能根據(jù)自身原因來評判食物。故D

項“一個病人遠不是食品質量的最佳評判者。'’符合語境。故選D項。

19.設空處小標題處，可起到概括總結的作用o根據(jù)下文“Badfoodcan'tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabin

conditionstoo.It'salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbe

cookedonthegroundandunbreakable."（糟糕的食物也不能僅僅歸咎于機艙內的狀況。也有可能食物實際上

是壞的。根據(jù)食品安全標準，所有的飯菜都必須在地上烹調，而且不易碎。）可知，艙內生產食物的方式

跟一般情況是有所不同的。故選A項。

20.根據(jù)后文“Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyone

needstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefbund.”（顯然，廚師們一直在努力調整食

譜，以適應高海拔地區(qū)食物的口味。在找到更好的大規(guī)模食品生產解決方案之前，每個人都需要耐心。）

可知，我們不能在飛機上使用與地面上相同的食譜，所以廚師著手改進配方。G項“基本上，我們不能使用

與地面上相同的航空餐點食譜。'‘符合語境。故選G項。

7.【江蘇省鹽城市、南京市2023年高三調研試題】

Complainingisoftenlookedatasanegative,butifyouperfectitgreatthingscanhappen.

16Articlesandexpertsinsistthattoomuchcomplainingwillloweryourempathy（共情）andstop

youachievingyourdreamandlivingthelifeyouwant.Theysuggestthatyoucutoutnegativityfromyourlife,

especiallypeoplewhocomplain.Buthumanslovetocomplain

IknowthisbecauseIgetpaidtositwithpeoplewhiletheycomplainandprocesseveryweek.

17Oncewediscoverhowtoeffectivelyintegrateit,greatthingscanhappen.DrRobinKowalski

foundthosewhocomplainwiththehopesofachievingacertainresulttendtobehappier.

Complainingalsoinfluenceshowpeopleseeus,createssocialbonds,encouragesempathyandhelpscreate

realchanges.Itplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesandisaskillthatcanbeextremelyeffective.18

Soherearesomewaystodealwiththeartofcomplaininginaskillfulway.

1.Clarifyandorganizeyourcomplaints.Itwillgetyourcomplaintsacrosstoothersmoreeasily.

2.Workoutwhocangiveyouahand.19Pickthosewhocanempathizewithyouorhelpwithyour

goal.

3.Makeconnectionswithothers.Itwouldbepossibleforpeopletoknowwhatyouneeded.Concludefrom

specificthingsabove,andourcomplainingismuchmorelikelytofeelusefulandeffective:

,Usefactsandlogic.

?Identifywhohastheabilitytomakeithappen.

?20

Whateveryourcomplaining,it'llmakeforyourimprovementwhenusedcorrectlyandeffectively.

A.Getridofyourbittercomplaints.

B.Don'tcomplaintothesamepeople.

C.Actually,complaininghasabadreputation.

D.Soci