河北省承德市柏寧頓資助中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Smoking,________________isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.that

B.which

C.it

D.though參考答案：B2.______ofthedangeraheadofher,shewalkeddeeperintothewoodstoseekherfortune.A.Beingconscious B.HavingconsciousC.Beunconscious D.Unconscious參考答案：D【詳解】考查固定用法。句意：她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到前方的危險(xiǎn)，便向森林深處走去，去尋找她的財(cái)富。根據(jù)句意可知“由于她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到前方的危險(xiǎn)”，于是向森林深處走去。本句為形容詞置于句首作原因狀語(yǔ)，故選D。3.—Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.—Itmustbethecomputerrepairman.I

himtocometofixmycomputer.A.call

B.havecalledC.called

D.willcall參考答案：C【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干——Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor．（有人在敲門(mén)。）——Itmustbethecomputerrepairman．（一定是電腦維修工。）可知修理工現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)來(lái)了。所以推斷可知下文：電話是過(guò)去打的。應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。所以答案是：called，故選：C。4.The________，Ithink,hedrewfromhissimpleexperimentisnotscientific.A.conclusion

B.charge

C.promise

D.relation參考答案：AIthink是插入語(yǔ)，hedrewfromhissimpleexperiment是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的名詞，根據(jù)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)是考查drawtheconclusion“得出結(jié)論”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。5.Heisunabletogotowork_______thefallfromhisbike.A.asaresult

B.asresultof

C.asaresultof

D.astheresult參考答案：C6.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt________acureforAIDSwillbefound...A.that

B.which

C.what

D.whether參考答案：A7.MrGreenhasneversmokedanymoresincehiswife________himtogiveitup.A．wanted

B．persuaded C．a(chǎn)dvised

D．suggested參考答案：B[句意：自從妻子說(shuō)服他戒煙之后，格林先生再也沒(méi)吸過(guò)煙。根據(jù)句意知B項(xiàng)正確。]8.Jennyaskedustowatchcarefully_________shewasdoing,butfewofuswerecarefulenough.A.that B.what C.why D.which參考答案：B9.Theyweretakentothepolicestationastheyhadenteredtheareawithout_______.A.permit

B.permission

C.apermission

D.permitted參考答案：B句意：他們被帶到了警察局因?yàn)樗麄兾唇?jīng)允許進(jìn)入了那個(gè)地區(qū)。permit動(dòng)詞“允許”，名詞“許可證”，permission不可數(shù)名詞“允許”。故選B。10.——Annisinhospital.____Oh,really?I______know.I______goandvisither.A.didn’t,amgoingto

B.don’t,would

C.don’t,will

D.didn’t,will參考答案：D11.Thisbookisdifferent________thatone.Canyoutellmethedifference________them?A．with；between

B．with；amongC．from；between

D．from；among參考答案：Cbedifferentfrom...和tellthedifferencebetweenAandB都是固定詞組。12.--Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?--No,thanks.I________supperalready.A.had

B.have

C.willhave

D.havehad參考答案：D13.—Bytheway，haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?

—Notyet．Thewalls________．A．werepainted

B．a(chǎn)rebeingpainted

C．a(chǎn)repainted

D．a(chǎn)repainting參考答案：B33.It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation

theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.that

B.when

C.which

D.where參考答案：D略15.Withyourhelp,thereisnodoubt_____ourplanismeantforwillworkoutsuccessfully.A.whatthat

B.whetherthat

C.thatwhether

D.thatwhat參考答案：D考查名詞性從句。Thereisnodoubtthat…that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明doubt的內(nèi)容;bemeantfor后缺賓語(yǔ)，用what引導(dǎo)。16.Thetwingirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind______difficulttotellonefromtheother. A.it B.them C.her D.this參考答案：A二、完型填空17.IwasborninNewYorkCity.MyfirstsevenyearswerespentinManhattan,andthenwemovedtotheBronx.Asachildwithastrong

41

forknowledge,Iwenttoapublicschoolandreceivedagood

42

educationthere.AttheendofmyhighschoolIdecidedtomajorinscienceand,inparticular,

43

.Oneofthe

44

factorsmayhavebeenthatmygrandfather,whomIloveddearly,diedofcancerwhenIwas15.Iwas

45

motivatedtodosomethingthatmighteventually

46

acureforthisterribledisease.Withgreateffortsandhelpfrommyparents,I

47

graduateschoolatNewYorkUniversityin1939.Iwastheonlyfemaleinmygraduatechemistryclass,and

48

myMasterofSciencedegreeinchemistryin1941.Iwasdoingmyresearchinto

49

withotherscientists.Whenwebegantoseetheresultsofour

50

intheformofnewdrugswhichfilledreal

51

needsandbenefitedpatientsinvery

52

ways,ourfeelingof

53

wasimmeasurable.Overthe

54

,myworkbecamebothmyvocation(職業(yè))andavocation（業(yè)余愛(ài)好）.

55

,Ibecameanenthusiasticphotographerand

56

.Ihavetraveledfairlywidelyovertheworld,buttherestillremainmanyplacesformetoexplore.

57

majorinterestismusicandIamanoperalover.Ialso

58concerts,balletandtheater.Inmy

59

careerIwaspromotedfrequently,andin1967IwasappointedHeadoftheDepartmentofExperimentalTherapy,apositionwhichI

60

untilIretiredin1983.41.

A.feeling B.desire C.taste D.worry42.A.further B.higher C.basic D.adult43.A.politics B.physics C.math D.chemistry44.A.deciding B.typical C.interesting D.available45.A.primarily B.racially C.highly D.unwillingly46.A.makeup B.resultfrom C.accountfor D.leadto47.A.entered B.left C.searched D.built48.A.dropped B.gained C.exchanged D.used49.A.music B.photography C.history D.drugs50.A.games B.accidents C.efforts D.behaviors51.A.medical B.immediate C.luxurious D.extra52.A.dangerous B.noticeable C.kind D.common53.A.safety B.guilt C.tiredness D.reward54.A.weekends B.months C.years D.holidays55.A.Consequently B.However C.Otherwise D.Similarly56.A.writer B.dancer C.traveler D.composer57.

A.Other B.Another C.Theother D.Some58.A.enjoy B.dislike C.direct D.plan59.A.acting B.amateur C.teaching D.professional60.A.held B.chose C.changed D.found參考答案：41B42C43D44A45C46D47A48B49D50C51A52B53D54C55B56C57B58A59D60A47.A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。動(dòng)詞enter進(jìn)入；leave離開(kāi)；search尋找；build建設(shè)；在父母親的幫助下，在1939年我進(jìn)入了紐約研究所。所以使用動(dòng)詞enter。48.B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。動(dòng)詞drop跌落，下降；gain獲得，贏得；exchange交換；use使用；動(dòng)詞gain表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力贏得某物；本句表示我經(jīng)過(guò)努力獲得了理科學(xué)位。故B正確。49.D考查上下文串聯(lián)。名詞music音樂(lè)；photography照片；history歷史；drug藥物；根據(jù)第一段可知我決心學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，使用我和其他的科學(xué)家在對(duì)藥物進(jìn)行研究。故D正確。50.C考查名詞辨析。名詞games游戲；accident事故；effort努力；behavior行為；當(dāng)我們回頭看自己的努力的結(jié)果時(shí)候，我們努力的結(jié)果是一些新的藥物，這些藥物填補(bǔ)了人們的醫(yī)學(xué)需要。故C正確。51.A考查上下文串聯(lián)。我學(xué)習(xí)的是醫(yī)學(xué)，我們努力發(fā)明出一些新的藥物，這些藥物以一種可以看見(jiàn)的方式滿足了人們對(duì)藥物的需要。故A正確。52.B考查形容詞辨析。形容詞dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；noticeable可以注意到的；kind善良的；common常見(jiàn)的；作者和其他科學(xué)家一起發(fā)明出很多藥物，這些成就是人們可以看見(jiàn)的。故B正確。53.D考查名詞辨析。名詞safety安全；guilt內(nèi)疚；tiredness疲憊；reward回報(bào)；當(dāng)人們的努力得到回報(bào)的時(shí)候，那種有回報(bào)的感覺(jué)是難以衡量的。本句是指作者的努力有了回報(bào)。故D正確。54.C考查常識(shí)。根據(jù)后半句：我的工作成為了我的假期和業(yè)余愛(ài)好。這不是在周末、月和假期中形成的，而是多年的習(xí)慣。我一直很努力，在假期里也從事這藥物研究。故C正確。55.B考查上下文串聯(lián)。副詞consequently所以，因此；however然而；otherwise否則，要不然；similarly類(lèi)似地；根據(jù)后一句Ibecameanenthusiasticphotographer我成為攝影師，我之前的夢(mèng)想是找到癌癥的治療方法，但是我卻成為了攝影師。上下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用however表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故B正確。56.C考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)后句Ihavetraveledfairlywidelyovertheworld可知我很喜歡旅行，所以物品成為了一名旅游家。故C正確?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】在完形填空中，長(zhǎng)難句一直是考生難以克服的閱讀障礙。長(zhǎng)難句可以按照以下步驟進(jìn)行分析：1、首先確定句子是簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句或并列句。2、如果是簡(jiǎn)單句，首先確定主謂結(jié)構(gòu)；接著確定賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（如有的話）；然后確定定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等次要成分，即找出主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)各自的修飾語(yǔ)。按照所確定的各個(gè)成分，給出全句大意（可用翻譯法）。譯文意思應(yīng)當(dāng)通順，并和上下文意義基本吻合。如意義出入較大，文理不通，則分析可能有誤，這時(shí)應(yīng)考慮重新進(jìn)行句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析。3、如果是并列句，首先應(yīng)找出并列連詞并把全句分解為若干個(gè)分句；接著按照簡(jiǎn)單句的分析方法再細(xì)分各分句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和句意；然后將全句綜合考慮。4、如果是復(fù)合句，首先找出從屬連詞并確定出主句，這時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意連詞省略現(xiàn)象和多義連詞在句中的確切含義；接著按照簡(jiǎn)單句的分析方法再細(xì)分各分句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和句意；然后確定從句的性質(zhì)，即該從句在句中修飾什么詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)；最后整體考慮全句大意，尤其要注意對(duì)修飾語(yǔ)的判斷是否準(zhǔn)確。三、長(zhǎng)難句分析的注意事項(xiàng)在分析句子成分時(shí)，還應(yīng)特別注意下列幾點(diǎn)：1、是否有同位語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)。2、是否有省略、倒裝和分隔等現(xiàn)象。3、替代詞的所指對(duì)象。4、判斷并列成分的層次。5、句首的并列連詞and、or、but、for通常起承上啟下的作用，不要將他們歸入后文的句法分析。6、在從句多的句子中，從句中又包含從句的現(xiàn)象。7、非限定動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)在句中作次要成分（定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)）時(shí)又帶著自己較長(zhǎng)的從屬成分，尤其是狀語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析。8、在有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句和并列句中，狀語(yǔ)（單個(gè)詞、短語(yǔ)或從句）究竟是全句的修飾語(yǔ)還是某個(gè)從句或詞語(yǔ)的修飾語(yǔ)?！镜谒亩蔚诙洹縒henwebegantoseetheresultsofoureffortintheformofnewdrugswhichfilledrealmedicalneedsandbenefitedpatientsinverynoticeableways,ourfeelingofrewardwasimmeasurable.分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)從句中還有從句，句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜。首先句中有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，該從句中還有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句whichfilledrealmedicalneedsandbenefitedpatientsinverynoticeableways修飾先行詞newdrugs。三、閱讀理解18.Thedesiretobuildbigbuildingsisnothingnew.Bigbuildingshavebeenusedtoshowoffpowerandhealth;tohonorleadersorreligiousbeliefs;tostretchthelimitsofwhat’spossible;andevenassimplecompetitionamongowners,architects,andbuilders.SomeofthemostdramaticbuildingsofthepastincludethepyramidsinEgypt,andthegothiccathedralsofFrance(法國(guó)哥特式教堂).Thesebuildingshaveonethingincommon.Theywerebuiltwithstonewallssupportingmostoftheweight,includingthatofthefloors,thepeopleandeverythingtheroomcontained.Sincethebirthofskyscrapers,buildersandengineershavecontinuouslylookedforwaystoimprovebuildingmethodsandmaterials,inordertomakestructuresstronger,tallerandlighter.Skyscrapersarebuilttolast,sotheymustbemadeofmaterialsthatarestrong,durable,andresistanttosun,wind,rain,frostandsnow.Concreteisoneofthemostcommonmaterials,becauseit’ssoversatile(無(wú)所不能的).Itscompositioncanbechangeddependingontheneedsofthebuilding.Itcanbestrengthenedtomakeitstifferbysettingsteelbarsintotheconcrete.Anotherveryimportantmaterialisglass.Becausethesteelstructurenowsupportsthemainloadsofthebuilding,theouterskinonlyservestokeeptheweatheroutandlightin,themorelightthebetter.SoglasswallsbecameverypopularafterWorldWarII,becausetheyarewaterproofwhileprovidingplentyofnaturallight,andalsobecausetheyaresomuchlighterandcheaperthanstonesandconcrete.34.Onethingthemostdramaticbuildingsofthepasthaveincommonisthat______.A.peoplesupporttheweightofthefloorsB.everythingcanbefoundintheroomsC.theywerebuiltwithstonewallsD.stonewalls,floorsandpeoplewerecontainedinthebuilding35.Concreteiswidelyusedinbuildingbecause______.A.itissoversatileandstrongerB.ittakesquitealongtimeforbuildersandengineerstogetitC.itkeepsoutthesun,wind,rain,frostandsnowD.itcostsmuchlessthanstones36.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutglass?A.Itcanstandthemainloadsofthebuilding.B.Itactsasouterskinofthebuilding.C.Itkeepsoutwater.D.Itletsinmorenaturallight.37.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A.Towarnusagainstusingstonesinbuilding.B.Toencourageustobuildbigandhighbuildings.C.Tointroducetwonewbuildingmaterialstous.D.Topersuadeustoputinusethetwobuildingmaterials參考答案：34.C

35.A

36.A

37.C本文作者向我們介紹兩種新型的建筑材料。34.Ｃ細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Thesebuildingshaveonethingincommon.Theywerebuiltwithstonewallssupportingmostoftheweight可知這些建筑的共同點(diǎn)是它們是用石頭墻建成的。故選Ｃ。35.Ａ細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Concreteisoneofthemostcommonmaterials,becauseit’ssoversatile(無(wú)所不能的).混凝土是一種最常見(jiàn)的材料，因?yàn)樗侨绱藷o(wú)所不能。故選Ａ。36.Ａ推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Becausethesteelstructurenowsupportsthemainloadsofthebuilding,因?yàn)殇摻Y(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在支撐著建筑物的主要荷載，由此可知Ａ項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。37.Ｃ目的意圖題。根據(jù)第二、三段中Concreteisoneofthemostcommonmaterials,becauseit’ssoversatile(無(wú)所不能的).Anotherveryimportantmaterialisglass.可知作者向我們介紹兩種新型的建筑材料。故選Ｃ。19.MynameisCherryCarl,andIretiredinJune,2003,after35yearsasateacherandLanguageArtsSpecialistinSantee,California.

However,IcontinuedmyroleasaninstructorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,intheReadingSpecialistCertificationProgramuntilJune,2009.

Iwasn'treadytoretire.Teachingisinmyblood!(MymotheralwaysremindedmethatwhenIwaslittle,Idraggedtheneighborhoodkidsintoplayschoolwhethertheywantedtoornot!)Istillhavethestrongdesiretomakeadifferenceforteachers,parents,andstudents.I'mpassionateaboutthejoyofknowinghowtoreadandwriteandwanteverychildtohavetheexperienceofclosingabookwithasigh,"Wow,thatwasagoodbook!"Theonlywaytheycandothatisbyhavingthenecessaryskillsandstrategiestobecomeindependentreaders.Thiswebsitehasbeencreatedtoprovideresourcesandmaterialsforclassroomteachers,reading