形容詞和副詞

----專題復(fù)習(xí)探討課

Adjectives&AdverbsGENERALREVISION什么叫形容詞?形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞的一類詞，表示事物的特征的詞。e.g.long,hot,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.用法例句作表語Mymotherlookshappy.作定語Thebluepenismine.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper.作賓補Wekeeptheclassroomclean?

用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞、名詞詞組及句子的詞。什么叫副詞?用法例句作表語Mymotherisout.作定語Thegirlthereismyfriend.作狀語Herunsfast.作賓補Ifoundhimoutside.思考：形容詞有多少個等級(degree)呢？形容詞一般有3個等級，即:原級(positivedegree)比較級(comparativedegree)最高級(superlativedegree)形容詞和比較級的構(gòu)成方法形容詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化詞尾變化原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級)或-est(最高級),以不發(fā)音的字母e接尾的詞加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwetredsad以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加-er,或-esthappydryearly

narrowclever多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowly少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加-er或-est規(guī)則變化常見的需要在其前面加more和most構(gòu)成比較極和最高級的形容詞有：interesting,important,expensive,useful,careful,carefully,dangerous,delicious,serious,famous,difficult,wonderful,comfortable,popular,enjoyable…原級比較級最高級goodwellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest不規(guī)則變化

副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成和形容詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成基本相同.e.g.

形容記的最高級前要用定冠詞the,副詞的最高級前可用可不用定冠詞the.MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimsings(the)bestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowly形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級聯(lián)系形容詞和副詞原級的用法形容詞和副詞的原級用法

作用結(jié)構(gòu)和……一樣as+形容詞/副詞原級+as…“不及／不如…notas/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as…如此…以至于…太…而不能…so+形容詞/副詞原級+that從句…too+形容詞/副詞原級+todosth.形容詞/副詞原級+enoughtodosth表示倍數(shù)be＋倍數(shù)＋as+形容詞＋as…“如此”、“這樣”在“such+a(an)+adj.+單數(shù)名詞”=such+adj.+a(an)+單數(shù)名詞“such+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞”“形容詞和副詞的原級”練習(xí)題1.Tomisas______asMike.

(tall)3.Thereareas_______studentsinourschoolasyours.

(many)2.Tomisthreetimesas______asMike.(old)4.Tomdoesn’tsingas

_____asMike.(good)5.Ourschoolisnotso_____asyours.(big)6.Footballisnotso_______asbasketballintheUSA.(popular)

Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.=He__________enoughtojointhearmy.=Heis____young_____hecan’tjointhearmy.talloldmanywellbigpopularisn’toldsothat形容詞和副詞比較級的用法形容詞和副詞的比較級用法

作用

結(jié)構(gòu)兩個事物/人比較…比較級+than…

“Whichis+比較級，…or…?”

不及…“l(fā)ess+原級+than…”“越……,越……”“The+比較級…，the+比較級…”表示越來越“…比較級+and+比較級…”表示兩者當(dāng)中最……的“the+比較級+ofthetwo.”的用法e.g.Heisthetallerofthetwo.表示“倍數(shù)”be＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋被比對象比……任何一個都………比較級+thananyother+n.(單數(shù))+in(of)…形容詞和副詞的比較級相關(guān)練習(xí)1.Ourschoolis_______thantheirs.(big)2.Thisbridgeis_______thanthatone.(old)3.Whowrites______________,KateorTom?(careful)4.Thisparkisless__________thanthatone.(beautiful)5.The________youwork(hard),the________youwilllearn.(much)6.Inspring,thedaysaregetting______and______.(long)7.Sheisthe_________ofthetwo.(young)8.Thesunisamilliontimes________thantheearth.(big)biggeroldermorecarefullyhardermorelongerlongeryoungerbiggerbeautiful形容詞和副詞最高級的特別用法形容詞和副詞的最高級用法

結(jié)構(gòu)…oneofthe+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)(最……之一)…最高級+of(in)…可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：…比較級+thananyother+n.(單數(shù))+in(of)…

(比……任何一個都……)Thisis/wasthe+最高級+名詞+that定語從句…be+序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞(可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞)+in(of)…1.Shanghaiis_______cityinChina.(big)=Shanghaiis________________________inChina.翻譯：紐約比中國的任何城市大。

3.Ofallthemoviestars,IlikeJackyChen______.(good)4.Sheis____________________filmstarthatIhaveeverseen.(beautiful)5.TheYellowRiveristhesecond_________riverinChina.(long)要注意：比較的范圍×biggerthananyothercity√bestthemostbeautifullongest=NewYorkisbiggerthananycityinChina.()2.NewYorkisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.biggest(1)有些形容詞，它們的含義是絕對的如：dead(死的)，empty(空的)，wooden(木頭的)，round(圓的)，wrong(錯誤的)，right(對的)(2)類屬形容詞如：國籍、宗教信仰、政治派別等。如：French，political(政治的)等。(3)表示方位、性質(zhì)的形容詞。如：left，physical(體力的)等。(4)表語形容詞一般沒有比較等級。如：afraid，asleep，alone等?！阒朗裁礃拥男稳菰~沒有比較級和最高級嗎？形容詞和副詞的一些特別用法※“enough足夠的”作定語時一般放在中心詞前；但作副詞時只能后置。Wehaveenoughfoodtoeat.Wedon’thaveenoughmoneytocarryontheplan.It’swarmenough.Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.即:enough+名詞副詞/形容詞+enough“Enough”與形容詞、副詞連用※許多以前綴a-構(gòu)成的形容詞常作后置定語，這樣的形容詞有：

awake,alone,alive,afraid,alike,asleep等。1.Doyouknowthemanasleepoverthere?“asleep”做后置定語，修飾“theman

”2.Therewerestillthreepeoplealiveontheisland.“alive”做后置定語，修飾“threepeople

”

※有的詞既是副詞又是形容詞如:fastlatehardearly…Eg.Theyworkedhardthoughitwashardwork.

good的副詞是well,hard既是形容詞也是副詞,作形容詞是“困難的”，作副詞是“努力地”。

hardly的意思是“幾乎不”的意思,它和hard沒關(guān)系?！鶐в谢鶖?shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞的用法Thenine-year-oldboywrotean______article,whichIthinkexcellent.

A.eight-thousand-wordsB.eight-thousand-word

C.eight-thousands-word

D.eighthundredword

B5.be/look/become/keep/taste/sound/feel/seem等系動詞后接形容詞做表語.e.Sheishappy.Katelooks__________(worry).Shebecame__________(angry)whensheheardthenews.Thesouptastes________(good).Themusicsounds__________(beautiful)andshesings_____________.(beautiful)Pleasekeep___________(quiet)!Shewalkedintotheroom__________(quiet).※系動詞+形容詞的用法worriedangrygoodbeautifulbeautifullyquietquietly

※“帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞”的用法.

帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)是“基數(shù)詞+名詞”構(gòu)成,基數(shù)詞和名詞之間須用連字符號”–”。盡管基數(shù)詞為二以上，名詞也不能用復(fù)數(shù)。如：他有一個8歲的女孩。1.Hehas___________________daughter.aneight-year-old

形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的特例※有許多副詞是從形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。方法是在形容詞詞尾加上-ly。如：carefully，badly，freely，slowly等，在變化時要注意詞尾是y的，改y為i再加ly。如busy→，happy→，另外以e結(jié)尾的，大部分直接加-ly。如：wide→,brave→,polite→等。如:true→truly，

terrible→terribly,gentle→gentlybusilyhappilywidelybravelypolitely還有幾個特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y。形容詞和副詞練習(xí)精選Fillintheblankswithproperwords.Jackgotup________(early)todaythanyesterday.2.Pleasedoyourhomework____________(careful).3.Heistootiredtogoany________(far).4.LiLeiruns________(fast)thanIbuthedoesn’trunas________(fast)asmybrother.5.Canyoudotheworkbetterwith________(little)moneyand________(few)people？6.Beijingisbecoming________and________________(beautiful).earliercarefullyfartherfasterfastlessfewermoremorebeautiful7.Thebookisvery____________.Areyou_____________(interest)init？8.The_______(hard)youwork，the______(much)you’lllearn.9.Physicsisoneof________________(important)subjectsinmiddleschools.10.________(lucky)，themanonthemotorbikewasnot________(bad)hurt.11.Jillis________(terrible)ill.Shemustbesenttoahospitalatonce.12.Thepeopleinthevillagearevery________(friend).interestinginterestedhardermorethemostimportantLuckilybadlyterriblyfriendly1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.moremuchdelicious.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingofallthestudents.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefarCCPractice（）3.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugust.A.hotter…h(huán)ottestB.hot…h(huán)otC.hotter…h(huán)otD.hot…h(huán)otter

（）4.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest

DC5.Ahorseis______thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy6.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_____.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless7.Whichsubjectis_____,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinterestingCDC8.Heis___enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongest()9.Lileioftentalks___butdoes___soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.less…moreB.few…muchC.more…littleD.little…many()10.Musicisnotsousefulasscience.It's_________usefulthanscience.

A.fewerB.less

C.moreD.alotAAB()11.We'veneverheardof________machinebefore.

A.suchausefulB.suchanusefulC.soanusefulD.souseful()12.It’sveryhotindoor.Weshouldkeepthedoor______.A.openB.closeC.closedD.opened()13.Wouldyoupleasespeak______?Istillcan'tfollowyou.

A.slowB.muchslow

C.muchslowlyD.moreslowlyAAD14.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_____A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless15.Whichsubjectis_____,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting

CD()16.Thiskindofshirtlooks______andsells______.A.nice;wellB.nice;goodC.well;wellD.good;nice()17.Shedoesn’tfeel_____,thoughsheis_______.A.alone;lonelyB.lonely;loneC.lonely;aloneD.alone;lone()18.We’llhavea_____holiday.Wearegoingtoabroadtomorrow.A.two-weeksB.two-weekC.twoweeksD.twoweek’sAcB2006年全國各省市中考英語試題隨堂練習(xí)

（形容詞和副詞

-----見講義）知識小結(jié)1.形容詞與不定代詞連用時要后置。2.形容詞和副詞一般有3個等級的變化形式,不規(guī)則的變化形式的詞有：good/well,bad/badly/ill,many/much,little,far3.形容詞和副詞的常用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。（1）as+形容詞/副詞原級+as…（2）否定:notas/so+形容詞/副詞原級+as（3）so+形容詞/副詞原級+that從句（4）…too+形容詞/副詞原級+todosth（5）形容詞/副詞原級+enoughtodosth.(6)“the+比較級+ofthetwo.”的用法(7)…thananyother+n.(單數(shù))+in(of)…(8)…oneofthe+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)…最高級+of(in)…(9)Thisis/wasthe最高級+名詞+that定語從句(10)…be+序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞(可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞)+in(of)…(11)倍數(shù)的表達a.用“be＋倍數(shù)＋as+形容詞原形＋as＋被