2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期第一次月考（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共30分，略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANewapps,newyou!Self-improvementisonlyaclickaway.QuizletQuizletisaportableflashcardsystem.Youcansearchmillionsofalreadyset-upflashcardsandlearningtools.Theyareespeciallygoodforsubjectswithlotsofterminologyorvocabularyinthemsuchaslanguages,historyandscience.Ifyouhaveastudybuddy,thenQuizletcanbringyoutogetheronline.Youcansharetheflashcardsinthestudyfolderandsendtoyourfriends.Theycanchecktheflashcardsontheirphoneorcomputer.StravaExerciseappslikeStravacankeepyourfitnessgoalsontrack.Stravahelpsyourecordyourexerciseactivities,setexercisegoalsandbepartofanexercisecommunity.Also,youcanseeyouandyourfriends’activitiesonStrava,whichhelpskeepyoumotivatedtoexerciseregularly.Youcanalsogivefriends’activitiesa“thumbs-up”orcomment.1SETheideabehindthisappisverysimple:Turnfilmsyouhavetakenonyourphoneintoavideocompilation(合輯).Inparticular,it’saboutfilmingonesecondeveryday,whichiswherethename1SEcomesfrom.Youmaythinkonesecondisnotverylong.Butwhencombiningone-secondvideosforeachdayoftheyear,thatis365seconds—morethansixminutes!Watchingthissix-minutevideoislikegoingonamemoryrollercoasterofyouryear,whichhelpspeopleappreciatethelittlemomentsineverydaylife.It’squitepowerful.TrelloHereisatimemanagementappcontinuallyratedamongthetoptimemanagementappsonthemarket,allwiththegoalofmakingyouspendlesstimeplanningandmoretimedoing.Nomatterhowyouprefertotrackprojectsandtime,Trelloalwaysallowsyoutoeasilyseewhoisdoingwhatataquicklook,soyou’llneverdroptheballonanimportantproject.Usingatimemanagementappisoneoftheeasiestwaystogetmoreofsomethingwewishwehad:Productivity.1．WhatdoQuizletandStravahaveincommon?A．Theyarebothfreeofchargeforusers.B．Theyarebothinteractivebysharingwithfriends.C．Theybothhelpyoustudyandexerciseinaproperway.D．Youcandownloadbothofthemanytimeonyourphones.2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribe1SE?A．It’sintendedforvideo-lovers.B．Itisthelittlemomentsthatmatterinourlife.C．Theideabehindtheappispopularwitheveryone.D．Ithelpsturnthefilmsonyourphoneintoasix-minutevideo.3．Whichappisdesignedforpeopleeagerforproductivity?A．Quizlet. B．Strava. C．1SE. D．Trello.BMynameisMichelleRogers.FormostofmylifeIhadbeenfightingwithmybodyweight.Iwaseithergainingweightortryingtoloseit.Iwasn’thappywithmyself,andIcertainlywasn’tabletofullyenjoylife.NotonlydidIfeelbadphysically,butIfeltterribleemotionally.IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機(jī))for$100.ThistimeIdecidedtostartsmallandkeepitdoable.ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.Everyareaofmylifehasimprovedandbenefitedfromthischangeinme.NotonlydoIhavemyyouthfulenergy,looksandhealthback,butalsoIhavemoreconfidencethanIhaveeverhad.4．HowdidMichellefeelaboutlosingweightbefore2008?A．Confident. B．Hopeless. C．Addicted. D．Annoyed.5．HowmanyweekshadpassedbeforeMichelle’sweightbegandropping?A．15weeks. B．20weeks. C．25weeks. D．30weeks.6．WhatisNOTmypracticenow?A．Doingexerciseregularly. B．Eatinghealthier.C．Refusingbadfoodandhabits. D．Gainingextraweight.7．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelle’sstory?A．Timeiseverything.B．Interestisthebestteacher.C．Startwithsmallthings.D．Nothingismoreimportantthanconfidence.CWhenNicoleThompsonteachesamathwordproblemtoherfourth-gradeclassinPajaroValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrict(PVUSD),shehastheclassreaditoverthreetimes.Afterthefirstread,studentsdiscusswhatthesituationdescribedinthewordproblemis.Thesecondtime,theydiscusswhatnumberstheyseeandwhatthosenumbersmean.Thethirdtime,theytalkaboutthequestionandwhattheyneedtosolve.Thompsonsaidthemethodreallyhelpsherstudents,especiallythoseforwhomEnglishisasecondlanguage.Thompsonlearnedthismethodduringaseriesoftrainingcoursesonimprovingmathinstructionformultilingual(說多種語言的)learners,atermthatreferstoallstudentswhospeakalanguageotherthanEnglishathome.ThetrainingwasorganizedbyTheNewTeacherProject(TNTP).“Wewantedtoshowteachersthatallstudents,includingmultilinguallearners,coulddealwithgrade-levellearningtaskswiththerightsupport,”saidJeanineHarvey,directorofmultilinguallearneracademicsatTNTP.Inadditiontoteachingmethodsforsupportingmorestudentdiscussionintheclassroom,TNTPstaffworkedwithteacherstoanalyzewordproblemsfromtheirarea’smathcoursesandidentifywhatvocabularystudentswouldneedtoknowinordertotackletheproblems.AccordingtosurveysmadebyTNTP,thetrainingprogramimprovedteachersconfidence.Beforethetraining,only40%ofteachersinPVUSDsaidtheyfeltconfidentaboutsupportingEnglishlearnersintheirclassrooms.Afterward,morethan75%feltconfident.Manyteachersalsosaidthetraininghelpedthemseethattheirstudentswerecapable(有能力的)ofhardwork.“Sometimesweforgetthatstudentsaremorecapablethanwesee.Thetrainingkindofopenedmyeyestothat,”saidJuanGonzalez,whoteachesthefifthgrade.Hesaidheenjoysseeinghisstudentshavingconversationsaboutmathandusingmoredifficultvocabulary.“Theylovebeingchallenged.Wehavetoletgooftheirhandandletthemstruggleabit.”8．What’sthepurposeofThompson’smethodofteachingstudentsamathproblem?A．Todeveloptheirwritingskills. B．Todeepentheirunderstanding.C．Totesttheirpronunciation. D．Toaddfuntoboringlessons.9．WhatwasthetrainingreceivedbyThompsonintendedtodo?A．Helpmathteachersteachmultilingualstudentsproperly.B．Adviseteacherstocareaboutstudents’personalgrowth.C．Supportmathteacherswithhigh-techteachingaids.D．Improvestudents’mathscoresthroughgroupwork.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tackle”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Searchfor. B．Workout. C．Avoid. D．Raise.11．What’sthemainideaofGonzalez’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．TNTPhaschangedmanystudents’dailylife.B．Teachersneedtobepatientwiththeirstudents.C．Awidevocabularyisthekeytolanguagelearning.D．Studentsshouldbeinspiredtousetheirabilities.DThoughmanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe’ve“summered”.“Summer”isclearlyanoun-averbednoun.Inourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchacleardefinition,itwaseasytonoticethedifference.Notsoinadulthood,whenweareexpectedto“foot”thebilland“chair”meetings.Chancesarethatyoudidn’tfeeluncomfortableaboutthoseverbednouns.“TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage,”saysPatricia,aformereditoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsfoundthat20%ofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Anditseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,about40%ofnewverbshavecomefromnouns.Eventhoughtheconversion(轉(zhuǎn)化)isquitecommon,plentyoflanguageexpertsdisagreewithit.WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B．Whitehavethistosay,“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butsomeareindoubt.”TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.“Sometimespeopledislikeanewverbbecausetheyrefusetoacceptwhatisunfamiliartothem,”saysPatricia.That’swhywe’recomfortable“hosting”aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof“medaling”insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandomHouse,doesn’tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout“verbifying”(使動(dòng)詞化)anounifit’seasilyreplacedbyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit’sdescriptivebutnotsilly-sounding,hesays.Intheend,however,styleissubjective(主觀的).TheeasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartofEnglishgrammarforcenturies.ItisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish“English”.Noteverynewwordpassesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.12．Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?A．Ithascomeintousesincealongtimeago.B．Ithasbeensupportedbymanylanguageexperts.C．Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice.D．Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.13．Whatislanguageexperts’attitudetowardstheverbingofnouns?A．Cold. B．Careful. C．Unclear. D．Positive.14．Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itisimpossibletoendtheverbingofnouns.B．NewverbswillstayintheEnglishlanguageforever.C．Mostpeopleareagainstusingnewverbsfromnouns.D．Thereisanobviousruleforchangingverbstonouns.15．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Areallnewverbsfromnouns?B．Arethereanyrulesforverbing?C．Areyoucomfortableaboutanewverb?D．Are“summering”and“medaling”annoying?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoAppearOutgoinginaConversation?Somepeopleseemnaturallyoutgoingwhenchattingwithothers,whileothersfindithardtomakeit.Herearesometipstohelpyouappearoutgoinginaconversation.Makeeyecontact.Ifyou’reinasocialsituation,suchasataparty,trytomakeeyecon-tactwiththeotherpeoplethere.Onceyou’veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile.____16____Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached,letthemgotheirway.Partofbeingoutgoingisknowingwhenandwheretoapproachothersandwhentokeeptoyourself.Asksomeopen-endedquestions.____17____It’seasiertostartupachatwithsomeonenewifyouinvitethemtoshareaboutthemselves.Ifyou’vealreadyexchangedeyecontactandsmileswithsomeone,andyou’recloseby,startoffwithaquestion.Herearesomeideas:Howdoyoulikethatbookormagazine?Whatisyourfavoritethingtodoaroundhere?____18____Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them.Tobecomeoutgoing,itisimportanttostartacknowledgingthepeoplearoundyoumoreoften.Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthepersonhelpingyouandsay“thankyou”.Thissmallactwillhelpyoubecomemorecomforta-bleinteractingwithothers.____19____Talktoeveryone.Afteryoubecomeabitmorecomfortabletalkingtopeopleyouknow,trytalkingtonewpeopleasyougothroughyourday.____20____Butthemoreyouapproachpeopleandgetcomfortablewithmakingconversation,theeasieritwillbecome.A．Saythankyouinpublicasmuchaspossible.B．Rememberthattheyservehundredsofpeopleaday.C．Ifthepersonsmilesbackatyou,thengoovertothem.D．Itwillprobablymaketheotherperson’sdayalittlebrighter.E．Atfirst,youmightfeeluncomfortabletalkingwithstrangers.F．Thesequestionsinviteotherstorespondwithmorethana“yes”or“no”.G．Keepinmindthatthisapproachdoesn’talwaysworkwellinsomesituations.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnthemorningofAugust29,1911,ahungryIndianwalkedoutofthewildernessandintoOroville,California.A____21____thoughthehadrunawayfromamentalhospital,sohetookhimtothepolicestationtokeephimfrom____22____others.Hedidn’tspeakEnglish.Peoplecametotalktothe____23____manoverthenextfewdays.TheyspoketohiminanumberofIndianlanguages,buthedidn’t____24____aword.HisnamewasIshi,thelastpersonoftheYahiIndiantribe(部落)ofCalifornia.Thetribehadoncebeen____25____,butduringthegoldrushyearsnearlyalloftheYahihadbeenkilled.However,about50membersofthetribestayed____26____andhadgonetoliveinthedesert.____27____,overtheyears,thegrouphadbecomesmallerandsmaller.Andintheend,onlyIshiwas____28____.Afewdayslater,ProfessorWaterman,ananthropologistfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,cametoseehim.Hetriedto____29____withIshiandspokesomeIndianlanguages.Ishididnotunderstandanyofthem.Butthen,whentheprofessorsaid“iwini”(wood)and_____30_____thebedinthecorneroftheroom,Ishiwas_____31_____.Helaughedoutloud.Itwasthefirstwordinhisownlanguagethathehad_____32_____formorethanthreeyears.Startingfromthisone_____33_____,ProfessorWatermansoonlearnedhowtotalktoIshi.IshiwasthentakentoLosAngeles,wherehehelpedtheprofessortolearnmoreaboutIndianlanguagesandtraditions.However,afterlivingforthreeyearsincomplete_____34_____,hediedin1916,andhis_____35_____diedwithhim.21．A．native B．doctor C．professor D．policeman22．A．seeing B．visiting C．hurting D．a(chǎn)ttracting23．A．sick B．injured C．mad D．frightened24．A．spell B．understand C．miss D．believe25．A．rich B．famous C．large D．special26．A．a(chǎn)ctive B．a(chǎn)live C．calm D．healthy27．A．Slowly B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Certainly28．A．left B．found C．saved D．caught29．A．live B．fight C．communicate D．study30．A．saton B．layin C．lookedfor D．pointedto31．A．excited B．inspired C．relieved D．a(chǎn)mazed32．A．heard B．taught C．spoken D．remembered33．A．lesson B．room C．word D．bed34．A．silence B．loneliness C．darkness D．fear35．A．story B．friend C．hope D．language第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Newresearchshowsthattheaveragecostofraisingachildtotheageof18inChinain2021was485,000yuanforafirstchild,___36___isfarmorethan___37___intheUnitedStatesandJapan.Thehighcostofchild-raisingisonemore___38___(difficult)Chinesepolicymakersfacewhile___39___(deal)withrapidlydecreasingbirthrates.ExpertswarnChina’sagingpopulationwillputpressure___40___itshealthandsocialsecuritysystems.Adecreaseinworkerscouldalso___41___(severe)limitgrowthfortheworld’ssecond-largesteconomyinthecomingyears.Newpoliciespermit___42___(family)tohaveasmanyasthreechildren.ButChina`sbirthratedroppedto7.52birthsper1,000peoplein2021.Thatisthe___43___(low)sincetheNationalBureauofStatistics`beganrecordingtheinformationin1949.Thehighcostsofraisingachild___44___(cause)officialsinChinatoplacerestrictionsontheprivatetutoringindustryinthelastfewyears.Someareashavebeengivingcouplesmoneyforhaving___45___secondorthirdchild.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假如你是李華，周六在市博物館有一場(chǎng)中國(guó)書畫展，你打算邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谌A留學(xué)生Susan一起去欣賞，請(qǐng)寫一封郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1.書畫展介紹；2.碰面時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。參考詞匯：中國(guó)書島Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy;展覽會(huì)exhibition注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSusan,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely.LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasFebruary16,2019,at8a.m.whenmygirlfriend,Jessika,andIarrivedatUtah’sZionNationalPark.We’dtraveledfromourhomeinMesa,Arizona,tohikethenine-mile-longSubwayTrail,sonamedbecauseofitsamazingtunnel-shapedcanyon(峽谷).Halfwaythroughourhike,whichincludedclimbingoverrocksandwalkingacrossstreams,thesunshinegavewaytoalightsnow.Soonafter,wereachedthered-coloredwallsoftheSubwayTrail.Asmallpondstoodinourway,withthetrail(路線)continuingontheotherside.Becausethepondlookedshallow,webegantowade(蹚水)through,withJessikaleadingtheway.Aboutfivefeetfromtheedge,herfrontfootsankintothesandybottom.Thenshefellforwardandbothlegsstartedtosink.Idashedtoher,grabbedherundertheshoulders,andpulledherout.Sheclimbedbacktoshore.ButnowIwassinking.Themudcameallthewayuptomyrightthighandmyleftcalf(小腿肚).Ifreedmyleftlegbutcouldn’tmovemyright.Jesshandedmealongstickwe’dpickedupearlierinthehike.Iputitdownthesideofmylegandtriedtomoveandpullitout.Nothing.Iwastrappedinquicksand(流沙).Jessikastartedscooping(舀)sandwithbothhands,butitwasrefillingfasterthanshecouldpullitout.“Don’tbother,”Itoldher.“You’rejustwastingyourenergy.”WhileIwasnolongersinking,Iwasn’tgettingout,either.Wecouldn’tcallforhelpbecausetheclosestrescueteamwasbackatthetrailhead,fivehoursawayfromus.ItoldJessikashehadtohikebackandcallforhelp.Shewasscared-shehadonlyeverhikedwithmeandwasfearfulofhikingaloneonatrailtheNationalParkServicecalls“verytough.”Butwewereoutofoptions.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thirtyminutesaftersheleft,itstartedtosnowheavily.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JustasIwasgoingtogiveup,aflashlightshoneacrossmyeyes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．B

2．B

3．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了三種新的APP。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Quizlet下的段落中“Ifyouhaveastudybuddy,thenQuizletcanbringyoutogetheronline.Youcansharetheflashcardsinthestudyfolderandsendtoyourfriends.(如果你有一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)伙伴，那么Quizlet可以讓你們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上一起學(xué)習(xí)。你可以分享學(xué)習(xí)文件夾中的抽認(rèn)卡，并發(fā)送給你的朋友)”和小標(biāo)題Strava下的段落中“Also,youcanseeyouandyourfriends’activitiesonStrava,whichhelpskeepyoumotivatedtoexerciseregularly.Youcanalsogivefriends’activitiesa“thumbs-up”orcomment.(此外，你可以看到你和你的朋友在Strava上的活動(dòng)，這有助于保持你定期鍛煉的動(dòng)力。你也可以給朋友的活動(dòng)點(diǎn)贊或評(píng)論)”可知，這兩個(gè)APP都是通過與朋友分享而互動(dòng)的，故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題1SE下的段落中“Watchingthissix-minutevideoislikegoingonamemoryrollercoasterofyouryear,whichhelpspeopleappreciatethelittlemomentsineverydaylife.It’squitepowerful.(觀看這段六分鐘的視頻就像坐上了一輛年度記憶過山車，它幫助人們欣賞日常生活中的小時(shí)刻。它非常強(qiáng)大)”可知，生活中的一些短暫的瞬間對(duì)我們很重要，故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Trello下的段落中“Hereisatimemanagementappcontinuallyratedamongthetoptimemanagementappsonthemarket,allwiththegoalofmakingyouspendlesstimeplanningandmoretimedoing.

Nomatterhowyouprefertotrackprojectsandtime,Trelloalwaysallowsyoutoeasilyseewhoisdoingwhatataquicklook,soyou’llneverdroptheballonanimportantproject.(這是一款時(shí)間管理應(yīng)用程序，一直被評(píng)為市場(chǎng)上最受歡迎的時(shí)間管理應(yīng)用程序之一，其目標(biāo)是讓你花更少的時(shí)間做計(jì)劃，花更多的時(shí)間做事情。無論你多么喜歡跟蹤項(xiàng)目和時(shí)間，Trello總是讓你很容易地看到誰在做什么，所以你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)在一個(gè)重要的項(xiàng)目上犯錯(cuò))”可知，Trello是為渴望提高效率的人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D項(xiàng)。4．B

5．A

6．D

7．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與肥胖抗?fàn)幍墓适隆?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.(我也知道我不可能成為最好的自己，在一次又一次的減肥失敗之后，我只是覺得沒有希望做到這一點(diǎn))”和第二段中“Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機(jī))for$100.(2008年的一天，我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽廣告，看到一個(gè)100美元的跑步機(jī))”可知，在2008年前，作者認(rèn)為減肥是沒有希望的。故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.(第一周，我開始每天在固定的時(shí)間在跑步機(jī)上步行15分鐘。第二周我跑了16分鐘。每周我都會(huì)增加一分鐘。漸漸地，我增加了速度和時(shí)間。當(dāng)我堅(jiān)持了30分鐘，體重開始下降)”可知，作者第一周跑15分鐘，以后每周增加一分鐘，在跑30分鐘時(shí)，體重開始下降，由此可計(jì)算出，30-15=15，即作者花了15周體重才開始下降，故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too...Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(我在健身上付出的所有努力讓我也想開始吃得更健康……拒絕對(duì)我不好的食物和習(xí)慣)”和最后一段中“Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.(今天，多余的體重消失了。我仍然每天早上鍛煉。我看起來和感覺起來都最好，這是我以前從來沒有過的)”可知，作者如今減肥成功，沒有了多余的體重，看起來和感覺起來都最好。由此推知，他會(huì)繼續(xù)保持，堅(jiān)持鍛煉，健康飲食，拒絕不好的習(xí)慣和飲食。D項(xiàng)“增加額外的體重”不是他現(xiàn)在的做法。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(一開始我沒有減肥成功，但是我沒有像過去那樣放棄。我意識(shí)到我感覺好多了。我的腿越來越強(qiáng)壯了。我不像以前從桌子旁起來時(shí)那么痛苦了。我在健身方面付出的所有努力也讓我想要開始吃得更健康。我也從小的改變開始。這么多年過去了，我開始傾聽自己的身體。拒絕對(duì)我不好的食物和習(xí)慣)”可知，作者從最開始的減肥困難，到后來有了小的變化，然后堅(jiān)持并取得了成效，說明做事要從小事做起，堅(jiān)持做下去，就會(huì)取得成功。由此推知，從Michelle的故事中我們可以學(xué)到的是C項(xiàng)“從小事開始。”故選C。8．B

9．A

10．B

11．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過NicoleThompson的例子，介紹了TNTP教學(xué)項(xiàng)目，包括其設(shè)置目的、作用和帶來的結(jié)果等。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenNicoleThompsonteachesamathwordproblemtoherfourth-gradeclassinPajaroValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrict(PVUSD),shehastheclassreaditoverthreetimes.Afterthefirstread,studentsdiscusswhatthesituationdescribedinthewordproblemis.Thesecondtime,theydiscusswhatnumberstheyseeandwhatthosenumbersmean.Thethirdtime,theytalkaboutthequestionandwhattheyneedtosolve.Thompsonsaidthemethodreallyhelpsherstudents,especiallythoseforwhomEnglishisasecondlanguage.(尼科爾·湯普森在帕加羅谷聯(lián)合學(xué)區(qū)教四年級(jí)學(xué)生一道數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用題時(shí)，她讓全班學(xué)生讀了三遍以上。在第一次閱讀后，學(xué)生討論應(yīng)用題中描述的情況。第二次，他們討論他們看到的數(shù)字以及這些數(shù)字的含義。第三次，他們談?wù)搯栴}和他們需要解決的問題。湯普森說，這種方法確實(shí)幫助了她的學(xué)生，尤其是那些英語為第二語言的學(xué)生。)”可知，Thompson在教數(shù)學(xué)題時(shí)，讓學(xué)生讀三遍以上，第一遍討論題中描述情況，第二遍討論數(shù)字及其含義，第三遍討論問題及需要解決的問題。由此可推知，這種方法可以加深學(xué)生的理解，這也是Thompson使用這種教學(xué)方法的目的。故選B項(xiàng)。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Thompsonlearnedthismethodduringaseriesoftrainingcoursesonimprovingmathinstructionformultilingual(說多種語言的)learners(湯普森在一系列提高多語言學(xué)習(xí)者數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)的培訓(xùn)課程中學(xué)會(huì)了這種方法)”以及“Wewantedtoshowteachersthatallstudents,includingmultilinguallearners,coulddealwithgrade-levellearningtaskswiththerightsupport(我們希望向教師們展示，所有學(xué)生，包括多語言學(xué)習(xí)者，都可以在正確的支持下完成年級(jí)水平的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù))”可知，Thompson接受的培訓(xùn)是關(guān)于提高多語言學(xué)習(xí)者數(shù)學(xué)的教學(xué)培訓(xùn)課程。由此可推知，該項(xiàng)目意圖幫助老師合理教授多語言學(xué)習(xí)者。故選A項(xiàng)。10．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inadditiontoteachingmethodsforsupportingmorestudentdiscussionintheclassroom,TNTPstaffworkedwithteacherstoanalyzewordproblemsfromtheirarea’smathcoursesandidentifywhatvocabularystudentswouldneedtoknowinordertotackletheproblems.(除了支持學(xué)生在課堂上進(jìn)行更多討論的教學(xué)方法外，TNTP的工作人員還與教師合作，分析他們所在地區(qū)數(shù)學(xué)課程中的詞匯問題，并確定學(xué)生需要掌握哪些詞匯才能tackle這些問題。)”可知，TNTP的員工和老師合作，幫助他們分析問題，其目的應(yīng)是“解決”問題，由此可推知，tackle一詞的含義與“解決”相近。A.Searchfor尋找、搜索；B.Workout解決；C.Avoid避免；D.Raise提高、上升。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)workout表示“解決”。故選B項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“‘Sometimesweforgetthatstudentsaremorecapablethanwesee.Thetrainingkindofopenedmyeyestothat,’saidJuanGonzalez,whoteachesthefifthgrade.Hesaidheenjoysseeinghisstudentshavingconversationsaboutmathandusingmoredifficultvocabulary.‘Theylovebeingchallenged.Wehavetoletgooftheirhandandletthemstruggleabit.’(“有時(shí)我們忘記了學(xué)生比我們看到的更有能力。這次訓(xùn)練讓我開闊了眼界，”教五年級(jí)的胡安·岡薩雷斯說。他說，他喜歡看到他的學(xué)生們就數(shù)學(xué)進(jìn)行對(duì)話，使用更難的詞匯?！八麄兿矚g接受挑戰(zhàn)。我們必須放開他們的手，讓他們稍微掙扎一下?！?”可知，Gonzalez認(rèn)為學(xué)生比老師看到的更有能力，老師應(yīng)該放開學(xué)生的手，讓學(xué)生接受挑戰(zhàn)。由此可推知，Gonzalez認(rèn)為應(yīng)該激勵(lì)學(xué)生發(fā)揮自己的能力。故選D項(xiàng)。12．A

13．B

14．A

15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，論述了各方對(duì)名詞用作動(dòng)詞這一現(xiàn)象的觀點(diǎn)。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Since1900,about40%ofnewverbshavecomefromnouns.(自1900年以來，大約40%的新動(dòng)詞來自名詞。)”可知名詞用作動(dòng)詞在很久以前就開始了，故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Eventhoughtheconversion(轉(zhuǎn)化)isquitecommon,plentyoflanguageexpertsdisagreewithit.WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B.Whitehavethistosay,“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butsomeareindoubt.”TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.(盡管這種轉(zhuǎn)換很常見，但許多語言專家不同意這種說法。小威廉·斯特倫克和E.B.懷特說：“近來許多名詞都被當(dāng)作動(dòng)詞使用了。不是所有的都是壞的，但有些是有疑問的?！薄吨ゼ痈缥捏w手冊(cè)》也持類似觀點(diǎn)，建議作者在使用動(dòng)詞時(shí)要格外小心。)”可知語言專家對(duì)名詞用作動(dòng)詞的態(tài)度是小心謹(jǐn)慎的，故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段，尤其最后一句“Noteverynewwordpassesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.(并不是每個(gè)新詞都被廣泛使用，但至于試圖完全結(jié)束動(dòng)詞，還是算了吧。)”可推斷名詞用作動(dòng)詞是不可能結(jié)束的。故選A。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thoughmanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe’ve“summered”.“Summer”isclearlyanoun-averbednoun.”（雖然去年夏天我們中的許多人可能都去了某個(gè)美好的地方，但很少有人會(huì)說我們已經(jīng)“summerered”了。“Summer”顯然是一個(gè)名詞——一個(gè)動(dòng)詞化的名詞。）可知，本文討論的是名詞用作動(dòng)詞引起的爭(zhēng)議。A、B、C三項(xiàng)在文中略有提及，但不是主要內(nèi)容。D項(xiàng)中的summering和medaling皆為文中列舉的名詞用作動(dòng)詞的例子，最能概括文章主題，作為標(biāo)題最貼切。故選D。16．C

17．F

18．A

19．D

20．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助你在談話中顯得外向的四種方法。16．上文“Onceyou’veestablishedeyecontact,givetheotherpersonafriendlysmile.(一旦你們建立了眼神交流，給對(duì)方一個(gè)友好的微笑。)”提到了友好的微笑，C項(xiàng)中的smilesback是關(guān)鍵詞與上文的afriendlysmile呼應(yīng)，同時(shí)與下文“Ifthepersondoesnotrespondordoesnotexpecttobeapproached(如果這個(gè)人沒有回應(yīng)或不希望被接近)”構(gòu)成對(duì)比關(guān)系，所以C選項(xiàng)“如果那個(gè)人對(duì)你微笑，那就走過去?！狈险Z境。故選C項(xiàng)。17．上文“Asksomeopen-endedquestions.(問一些開放式的問題。)”提到了問問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中questions是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以F選項(xiàng)“這些問題要求別人的回答不僅僅是“是”或“不是”?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。18．下文“Youmightseesomeofthesamepeopleeveryday,butneveracknowledge(致意)them.(你可能每天都見到同樣的一些人，但從不向他們致意。)”和“Thenexttimeyouorderacoffeeorcheckoutatthegrocerystore,smileatthe