第五章成本論一.短期成本分析短期:是指廠商不能根據(jù)其所要達(dá)到的產(chǎn)量來(lái)調(diào)整其全部生產(chǎn)要素的時(shí)期.有固定和變動(dòng)成本之分長(zhǎng)期:是指廠商能根據(jù)其所要達(dá)到的產(chǎn)量來(lái)調(diào)整其全部生產(chǎn)要素的時(shí)期.一.短期成本分析1.短期成本的分類(lèi)(1).短期總成本,短期固定成本,短期變動(dòng)成本STC=SFC+SVC(2).短期平均成本,平均固定,平均變動(dòng)SAC=AFC+AVC(3).短期邊際成本:增加一單位產(chǎn)出所增加的成本MC=TC/Q=dTC/dQ在圖形上是總成本曲線的斜率

2鳴.廚各奔類(lèi)誓短倍期講成術(shù)本瘦的第變庭動(dòng)名規(guī)狡律衰及撫其戀關(guān)艇系規(guī)斬律徑:短晶期雞固框定犁成墓本含:服不趟變短棍期毅變耽動(dòng)郵成螺本蹈:癢最據(jù)初擱S溉V悠C緊的悉增元長(zhǎng)墾快紹;聰以堆后貢S姜V推C集的莫慢猶;蔥最?yuàn)W后恐S頓V辱C泡的掏增聽(tīng)長(zhǎng)探快短嘩期剩總遮成督本孟:給與謊S弄V真C馬相最同規(guī)屑律頓:平催均酬固煮定河成留本匯:起估初癢,蝦減必少巧的昂幅伴度調(diào)很兄大犧,補(bǔ)以仰后支減杠少期的困幅餅度恢起另來(lái)筐越唐小平半均昆可少變墊成勝本跨:先嫁減坦少鍵,慢后甜增撿加陳.短飄期咳平貧均坦成小本:先忌減呆少錄,眾后片增就加避.盈歌虧襲平旱衡木點(diǎn)停搭止吼營(yíng)剛業(yè)唱點(diǎn)規(guī)田律衫:短令期幻玉邊抗際好成恭本使:弊先粗減填少約后摧增反加關(guān)浸系坊:S脊M障C私過(guò)即A己V片C等和似S滲A澇C粘的債最稼低詠點(diǎn)表.3策.拼短框期堡成踢本賤變編動(dòng)頸的鴨決以定及因械素邊反際厚報(bào)訊酬則遞據(jù)減泉規(guī)芒律由補(bǔ)邊弱際崇報(bào)私酬漆遞匠減討規(guī)區(qū)律紐奉決育定士：邊何際鄰產(chǎn)左量目曲現(xiàn)線敲先鋼上瞧升鍬后范下戒降創(chuàng)，飛則檔邊星際筐成斜本括M遠(yuǎn)C柏曲綢線嶼表箭現(xiàn)輕出纖了蝴先鞋降桿后羨升押的伸U雨型黑特硬征疏。由充于璃邊章際業(yè)成削本終與呢邊摔際決產(chǎn)探量吵的餓反臣方違向商的胡變座動(dòng)擠關(guān)英系藏，辰可姓變胸投舌入美的和邊層際鼓產(chǎn)曉量甲遞嚴(yán)增秀階戰(zhàn)段銅，卷對(duì)好應(yīng)振著爛邊河際蠟成躬本廁的籃遞酸減猾階楊段辰，天邊籍際伴產(chǎn)辣量蝴遞限減利階脫段寄對(duì)忘應(yīng)株邊除際半成匠本劍遞規(guī)增立階威段鞭，會(huì)邊房誠(chéng)際銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)恰量辭最議大仆值油對(duì)嶺應(yīng)解邊草際累成抬本窮最頁(yè)小庫(kù)值搞。M崗C習(xí)=朵ST辯C御/Q摩=參SV溝C棒/Q陵=察d瞎S半T婦C別/約d猜Q在腫圖接形喉上友是惱總描產(chǎn)不量隨曲聰線固點(diǎn)姜的便斜利率P堂1敗6營(yíng)2沈-私1舌6滅6二筑.假長(zhǎng)能期節(jié)成裁本拉分俊析1揚(yáng).僑長(zhǎng)鮮期貪總漁成穩(wěn)本2區(qū).識(shí)長(zhǎng)愿期僵平宿均扇成怪本3錦.臥長(zhǎng)膊期劣邊宇際日成侮本1侍.略長(zhǎng)庭期繞總撲成茅本（外L竹T麻C膀）在宜長(zhǎng)拍期釀生番產(chǎn)拿中刃，釣生敬產(chǎn)概要鋒素召的趴的杰投而入悄比求例嚴(yán)可漂任紫意斜變只動(dòng)票，推生群產(chǎn)哲規(guī)臺(tái)模聽(tīng)不教受翼限序制寸，痛因綿此長(zhǎng)乳期助總臥成愚本灘:指廠代商柴可湯在授每肌一狐產(chǎn)粉量惱水述平添上賽通攝過(guò)寺選紀(jì)擇莊最則優(yōu)對(duì)生收產(chǎn)答要吼素靈所脫能西達(dá)規(guī)到登的朵最頁(yè)低榆總陣成縫本王。L威T種C陸與線S保T落C密有雙著棋密葛切關(guān)柏系：OQ1Q2Q3QC規(guī)稍模S無(wú)T黑C江1<S筑T設(shè)C姿2<S籍T器C漁3ABCLTC長(zhǎng)廢期幫總徒成歌本沃曲撇線皮是認(rèn)無(wú)漂數(shù)跑短蝴期憲總條成嚇本賊曲扭線披的盯包彼絡(luò)較線血。連表殊示耍長(zhǎng)絞期過(guò)內(nèi)途廠雷商恢在桂每蛇一鑼產(chǎn)瀉量到水返平曲上藥由顫最淺優(yōu)飾生育產(chǎn)宰規(guī)閉模避所片帶經(jīng)來(lái)冒的濟(jì)最微小訂生灶產(chǎn)捎總狗成塌本來(lái)。變盡動(dòng)徹規(guī)貝律丑：橡同校短恭期筑,援只件不冒過(guò)萄更翅平罪緩原淋因摧:腹規(guī)遼模越經(jīng)演濟(jì)2碌.彎長(zhǎng)迎期育平凈均蛋成銀本（帆L噸A殃C散）（畝1臂）成指勇在溝長(zhǎng)亡期轉(zhuǎn)里遷按次產(chǎn)迎量巴平狗均嗓計(jì)什算社的矛最關(guān)低源總磨成改本L朋A約C甘=北L型T鳥(niǎo)C峽/記Q長(zhǎng)蜓期粒平追均全成瓣本腎曲霞線推洪導(dǎo)屋：方春法材一飄：長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)期出總復(fù)成垂本齊曲波線騙上酸的綢點(diǎn)王與瓦原員點(diǎn)校連漂線獸的仰斜健率方筑法局二為：美由堅(jiān)短炕期壁平乖均胞成臨本否曲洽線飼和犬最陵優(yōu)移生爐產(chǎn)采規(guī)常模閱推呢導(dǎo)LACL良A戒C吹是滴一蛾條誰(shuí)與閱無(wú)譜數(shù)等條吃S厭A領(lǐng)C戒曲絞線蹤蝶相混切想的腿曲規(guī)線福即靜包貞絡(luò)喉線蠟。P佛1該7先3淺若幸產(chǎn)工量棍為Q悶1頓，稍則爐廠捉商悔會(huì)沖選開(kāi)擇岡S謊A魯C療1暖所邪代袋表依的封生王產(chǎn)寧規(guī)底模曉，魯以哀O姥C穿1鉆的忘平側(cè)均普成唱本坦生裝產(chǎn)能，犁對(duì)想于擋Q蕩1衛(wèi)言獲，混O則C糖1惕是巷低笨于接其失他悉任涌何鏟生截產(chǎn)例生轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)胸規(guī)朗模柳下甲的但平蓄均艘成往本喂。0CQabcQ1Q2Q3SAC1SAC2SAC3C1（煎2裝）兼規(guī)計(jì)律托:揪呈顧U寫(xiě)形板特抬征努。下堡降框段殃：書(shū)相劫切司于嚷所鋼有拋相鹿應(yīng)踩的局S束A編C符曲惕線渠最塊低思點(diǎn)廳的觸左漢邊上狡升贈(zèng)段桑：斤相沖切衰于犁所鹿有源相禮應(yīng)議的棟S院A騙C遼曲穗線孟最舍低翼點(diǎn)卡的迅右錯(cuò)邊只層有遵在印L蜘A足C高的胸最修低洲點(diǎn)臨，閱才榜相育切亦于領(lǐng)相艦應(yīng)謹(jǐn)?shù)膾逽旗A彩C衡曲榴線饅最槳低念點(diǎn)之?？傁讨畬m，極在蘇每敏一產(chǎn)個(gè)稈產(chǎn)奔量尺水叛平頸，暮都施存還在脆著見(jiàn)一瞎個(gè)杠L碼A乳C疊曲活線菠與虎相量應(yīng)調(diào)的葵代主表遺最桐優(yōu)賞生漂產(chǎn)嗓規(guī)爺模管的鹿S攜A驚C葛曲查線合的堵相今切舟點(diǎn)溪。（煤3軌）捉原春因電:悟規(guī)和模糟經(jīng)誘濟(jì)2漫.努長(zhǎng)時(shí)期乒平玩均紗成上本（邊L刻A基C胖）規(guī)宋模漢經(jīng)皺濟(jì)再同愉規(guī)盾模尺報(bào)捷酬穿的群區(qū)蝴別：規(guī)犯模掉報(bào)歷酬穗：燦以艘相爛同慢的聞比鵝例捎投種入規(guī)籌模熔經(jīng)訓(xùn)濟(jì)曠：允它包允箱許挎企奧業(yè)殲改住變洽產(chǎn)趣要寸素乘的蜘投早入疤比峽例規(guī)黑模由經(jīng)騾濟(jì)丟包立含奶了霧規(guī)招模想報(bào)疏酬引知起旋規(guī)威模醬經(jīng)絮濟(jì)肚原會(huì)因束：a逗.席內(nèi)茫在宅經(jīng)澤濟(jì)出和信內(nèi)霞在抄不臨經(jīng)藥濟(jì)是朱長(zhǎng)遍期讓L尾A竄C饅呈融U惹型匯的勺決野定封因件素但知它景是煤就軟一嚇條記給創(chuàng)定積的局曲猜線踢言b狀.槳外太在冷經(jīng)摔濟(jì)鋤和壘外棗在疼不傭經(jīng)押濟(jì)引個(gè)起屋L厭A屬C陵本利身款的觸上膨下飲移繭動(dòng)爪。如強(qiáng)，其整圾個(gè)讀行孤業(yè)屋的雅發(fā)胖展寶可羞使登業(yè)否內(nèi)的瓣單弄個(gè)榨廠厘商未從百中撒受取益往，仁L補(bǔ)A殊C細(xì)向下氣移旺動(dòng)善。該若撓廠鮮商握的陸生灣產(chǎn)貼活型動(dòng)葵所依誓賴(lài)姑的膜外虜界奇環(huán)兵境呈惡晌化披，鋪則消L鴨A霜C向效上僵移絕動(dòng)顆。1200小型工廠SAC中型工廠SAC大型工廠SAC

長(zhǎng)期LAC100010萬(wàn)8萬(wàn)每天汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量（輛）平均成本（元）0規(guī)模收益不變規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)（卸3案）枯L完A班C粘變廟動(dòng)耐之田解殼釋竿：挨規(guī)臨模屑經(jīng)速濟(jì)3立.跑長(zhǎng)替期匹邊務(wù)際偶成重本長(zhǎng)疊期昨邊區(qū)際互成瘋本L鉤M快C毒=倘d案L秒T味C枯/痰d昂Q是窮長(zhǎng)礦期誘總拉成裹本暢曲擦線施的姨斜六率摸描嬌繪井出存來(lái)陷的令曲籌線失，冶因始而旗隨肆著懇產(chǎn)販量器增錢(qián)加學(xué)，親長(zhǎng)講期夫總絡(luò)成職本諒曲穩(wěn)線喚在已長(zhǎng)遣期護(hù)邊邀際辛成郊本捉曲從線大遞惡減族階狀段寨增句加遷的銅速衛(wèi)度閥越何來(lái)原越挎慢懇，米而叔在坡邊賽際牽成茄本洗遞牲增行階愁段令增炮長(zhǎng)悔越貢來(lái)讀越尼快工。3撈.話長(zhǎng)彼期陜邊勿際圾成隸本C0QL速A撞CL惠M隊(duì)C規(guī)寒律獸:勢(shì)U伴型打關(guān)白系擱:扮L帆M階C聲