云南省大理市東嶺中學高三英語上學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn’tstoppedringing.People

toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A、phone

B、willphone

C、werephoning

D、arephoning參考答案：D2.Tonylentmethemoney,___thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.

A.hoping

B.tohope

C.hoped

D.havinghoped參考答案：A略3.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.

A.noneofthem

B.bothofthem

C.noneofwhom

D.neitherofwhom參考答案：D解析:考查定語從句和代詞。抓住信息詞two和逗號（，）故選D項：neitherofwhom…表示“兩者中任何一個都不…”。4.Aspecialcomputerhasbeendesignedforthose________can'tsee．（）A．who B．what C．whom D．which參考答案：A一種專門給那些失明人士使用的特殊的電腦已經(jīng)設(shè)計出來了．題干中關(guān)系詞引導的從句是用來修飾前面的those，是一個定語從句；定語從句中缺少主語，要用關(guān)系代詞；those指的是那些失明的人．故選A．關(guān)系詞用來連接從句．按類型可分為：從屬連詞；關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)系副詞．選擇關(guān)系詞時，要分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)．如果從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，要用關(guān)系副詞；如果從句缺少主語或賓語，要用關(guān)系代詞．

5.－______hehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam?

－Yes,he_____.

A.Can;musthave

B.Must;musthave

C.Can;must

D.Must;must參考答案：A略6.

---AreyougladthatyoucametoFuzhou?

---Yes,indeed.I________goingtoBeijngorShanghai.

A.haveconsidered

B.amconsidering

C.hadconsidered

D.wasconsidering參考答案：C7.Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanywaysA.statement B.impactC.impression D.judgment參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以觀察到人工智能已經(jīng)在許多方面已經(jīng)對我們的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。A.statement陳述說明；B.impact影響，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判斷。故選B符合語境。8.AncientRomewasacountry______cultureinfluencedthewesternworldforcenturies．A．who

B．which

C．whose

D．where參考答案：C9.Tobegreat,youmustbesmart,confident,and,________,honest.A.therefore

B.however

C.aboveall

D.afterall參考答案：C略10.---Areyouleavingusallforever?---

．I'vepromisedtocomebackwhenmymomgetswell．A．Withpleasure

B．Forgetit

C．SoundsgreatD．Notreally參考答案：D11.Itisnoneofyourbusiness________otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.how

B.what

C.which

D.that參考答案：B12.Findingatime______suitseveryoneisgoingtobedifficult.A．thatB．whenC．whatD．where參考答案：A試題解析：本題考查定語從句。定語從句缺少主語，所以此時應(yīng)該考慮關(guān)系代詞，排除B/D兩個關(guān)系副詞，Cwhat不能引導定語從句，也予以排除，因此答案選擇A。13._____wasmostshockingaboutthetornadoesinAmericawasthattheythreatenedsixstatesandkilledmorethan100persons.【選自《世紀金榜》專題強化測評九的單項填空】

A.That

B.Which

C.Why

D.What參考答案：d略14.—Whycan’tyougivemeanotherchance?—________,butIdon’tthinkyouaregoodatmanagement.A.Nooffence

B.Noworries

C.Noneed

D.Nowonder參考答案：A15.—Youshouldn’thavetoldeverybodymysecret.—Waitaminute!Ididn’ttellanyone...Iswear!—Oh,________!Youbigmouth！A.Idon’tbuyit

B.ImeanitC.Youdon’tforgetit

D.Yougotit參考答案：A16.Isitthepricethatyouseeonthegiftreceipt

makesagiftspecial?

A．that

B．what

C．which

D．how參考答案：A略17.—_____,aslongasitwon’ttakelong.A.Takecare B.Nevermind C.Goahead D.Don’tworry參考答案：C【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——如果我問你一個問題你介意嗎？——問吧，只要不花很長時間就好。A.Takecare（小心點）；B.Nevermind（沒關(guān)系）；C.Goahead（問吧）；D.Don'tworry（別擔心），根據(jù)語境，C項符合題意。故選C項?！军c睛】完成情景交際，重在對語境的理解，切忌只看字面意義。本題中若只是關(guān)注mind，而不理解意思的話，就容易誤選B項。18.Heapologizedassoonasherealizedwhathehaddone.________,hewroteanicelittlenotetome.

A.Similarly

B.Obviously

C.Strangely

D.Actually參考答案：D19.---HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?——Aboutfourmonths.----_________!YourEnglishissogood.A.Youcan’tbeserious

B.Yougotit

C.Icouldn’tagreemore

D.I’mstuck參考答案：A本題考察的是交際用語。A你不是認真的吧！B你明白了。C我非常同意；D我被難住了。句義：—你學英語多長時間了？—大約4個月?！悴皇钦J真的吧！你的英語太好了。根據(jù)句義說明A正確?！究键c】考察交際用語

二、完型填空20.完型填空（共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上涂黑。Youhavewaited45minutesforthevaluable10minutes'breakbetweenclasses．Butwhenthebellforthenextclassrings,youcan't

36

howquicklytimehaspassed．Ifyouarefamiliarwiththis__37_,you'llknowhowtimeflieswhenyouarehavingfun．Andhowtime38whenyouarebored．Nowscientistshave

39

areasonwhythisisthecase．Scanshaveshownthatpatternsofactivityinthebrain_40

accordingtohowwefocusonatask．Whenweare

41

．weconcentratemoreonhowtimeispassingAndthismakesourbrains_42_theclockistickingmoreslowly．Inanexperiment

43

byaFrenchlaboratory,12volunteerswatchedanimage

44

researchersmonitoredtheirbrainactivity．Thevolunteersweretoldto

45

concentrateonhowlonganimageappearedfor,then

46_thecolor1oftheimage,andthirdly,studybothduration（持續(xù)的時間）andcolor1．Theresultsshowedthat

47

wasmoreactivewhenthevolunteerspaid

48

subjects．Itisthoughtthatifthebrainis

49

focusingonmanyaspectsofatask,ithasto

50

itsresources,andpayslessattentiontotheclock．51

,timepasseswithoutusreally

52

it,andseemstogoquickly．Ifthebrainisnotsoactive,itconcentratesits__53___energiesonmonitoringthepassingoftime．__54_．timeseemstodrag．Nexttimeyoufeelbored__55__,perhapsyoushouldpaymoreattentiontowhattheteacherissaying!36．A．guess

B．learn

C．believe

D．doubt37．A．view

B．point

C．scene

D．experience38．A．drags

B．stops

C．backs

D．gains39．A．thoughtover

B．madeup

C．suggested

D．comeupwith40．A．change

B．develop

C．grow

D．slow41．A．sleepy

B．bored

C．excited

D．a(chǎn)ctive42．A．report

B．think

C．decide

D．see43．A．produced

B．carried

C．tried

D．performed44．A．so

B．when

C．while

D．but45．A．partly

B．quickly

C．how

D．first46．A．remember

B．focuson

C．forget

D．tellapart47．A．theresearchers

B．theexperiment

C．theclock

D．thebrain48．A．muchattentionto

B．moreattentionto

C．a(chǎn)ttentiontomany

D．a(chǎn)ttentiontomore49．A．busy

B．likely

C．ready

D．sure50．A．focus

B．gather

C．reach

D．spread51．A．However

B．Furthermore

C．Therefore

D．Finally52．A．recognizing

B．watching

C．noticing

D．counting53．A．enough

B．full

C．right

D．proper54．A．Infact

B．Asaresult

C．Forexample

D．Instead55．A．inclass

B．withwork

C．inmind

D．oflessons參考答案：21.Justseveraldaysago,aviolentstormhitourcommunity.Ilookedoutofthewindowandwitnessedatreebeingabusedbythe___21___wind.Thebranchesbent,andswayed(搖擺)backandforth,thankstotheir___22___toavoidbreaking.Theleavesdesperatelystucktothebranchesbecausetheirlife___23___thetree.Thepowerfultrunk(樹干)whichheldthetreeuprightbentslightly___24___fromtheforceinthebattleto___25___itsposition.Afterthestormhadpassed,thetreegracefullyreturnedtoits___26___positionstandingtallamongthechaos(混亂).Itmanagedto___27___thestorm.Itdidn’tlookthesameasleaveshadfallenandthesoilhadloosened,butwhat___28___isthatthetreewonthefightforitslife.ForalongtimeIcouldn’tunderstandwhythistree___29___myattentionthewayitdid.Astimepassed,itbecameclearthatitwasn’tjustaboutthetreebutaboutthe___30___rootswhicharedeepintothesoilproviding___31___andnutrition.Therootsallowthetreetobeabletotakea___32___becausetheyaretheretosupportthem.___33___,thenexttimeyoucatchyourkids___34___,whenthejobisdrivingyoucrazy,whenyouareunderpaidandthe___35___istight,andwhenthestormsoflifeareblowing,gobacktoyour___36___.Lifeisfullofstorms.Theywillmakeyou___37___,makeyouswayandevenmakeyoulosesomeleavesbutthe___38___yourrootsthestrongeryoustand.Ichallengeyoutobendbutdon’tbreak.Howeverhardthewindblowsdon’tletlife___39___youintoanuncomfortableposition.Your___40___liesinyourroots.21.A.fierce

B.strange

C.unusual

D.gentle22.A.height

B.flexibility

C.outline

D.weight23.A.dependedon

B.answeredfor

C.intendedfor

D.touchedon24.A.towards

B.over

C.backwards

D.into25.A.achieve

B.reach

C.establish

D.maintain26.A.current

B.final

C.original

D.comfortable27.A.explore

B.avoid

C.overcome

D.survive28.A.differs

B.matters

C.concerns

D.reveals29.A.fixed

B.paid

C.caught

D.escaped30.A.unseen

B.dirty

C.obvious

D.new31.A.light

B.surroundings

C.sources

D.water32.A.stand

B.beating

C.chance

D.turning33.A.However

B.Still

C.Thus

D.Besides34.A.misleading

B.interpreting

C.withdrawing

D.misbehaving35.A.budget

B.deadline

C.hand

D.living36.A.dream

B.home

C.roots

D.trees37.A.win

B.bend

C.loosen

D.stay38.A.deeper

B.bigger

C.more

D.brighter39.A.trick

B.force

C.lead

D.admit40.A.courage

B.ambition

C.value

D.strength參考答案：21.A

22.B

23.A

24.C

25.D

26.C

27.D

28.B

29.C

30.A

31.D

32.B

33.C

34.D

35.A

36.C

37.B

38.A

39.B

40.D【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。講述了作者看到大樹遭遇強風暴時，雖然樹枝搖擺彎曲，樹葉飄落，甚至根部的泥土都有些松動，但是泥土深處的強勁根部，不僅給大樹輸送營養(yǎng)，還保障了大樹的穩(wěn)固性，使其在狂風肆虐之下得以生存。作者由此聯(lián)想到人生，當我們遇到殘酷的挑戰(zhàn)時，應(yīng)該像大樹那樣，從根部樹立堅定的信念，和勇往直前的勇氣，堅忍不拔，不被困難打倒。【21題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我向窗外望去，看見一棵樹被狂風肆虐著。A.fierce猛烈的；B.strange奇怪的；C.unusual不尋常的；D.gentle溫柔的。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：樹枝彎曲，來回擺動，多虧了它們的柔韌性，才得以避免折斷。A.height高度；B.flexibility柔韌性；C.outline輪廓；D.weight重量。根據(jù)空前的句子Thebranchesbent,andswayedbackandforth可知描述的是樹的韌性，因此B項正確。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析，句意：樹葉緊緊附在樹枝上，因為它們的生命依賴于樹。dependon意為“依賴于”，符合句意，因此B項正確。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：強大的樹干支撐著樹，使得它在保持自己位置的戰(zhàn)斗中，只是向后彎曲。backwards向后。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：強大的樹干支撐著樹，使得它在保持自己位置的戰(zhàn)斗中，只是向后彎曲。A.achieve實現(xiàn)；B.reach到達；C.establish建立；D.maintain保持。這里大樹在風暴前就有自己的位置，只是在風暴中努力保持自己的位置，故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：風暴過后，這棵樹又優(yōu)雅地回到了原來的位置，高高聳立在一片狼藉中。本句中用returned(回到），結(jié)合文章大意，大樹應(yīng)該是沒被風吹到，又回到了他原來的位置，original最初的，原來的。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：它努力在風暴中生存下來。explore探索；avoid避免；overcome追逐；survive幸存，存活，根據(jù)句意，D項正確。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：重要的是，這棵樹贏得了這場生存之戰(zhàn)。A.differs不同；B.matters重要；C.concerns關(guān)心；D.reveals顯露。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞固定短語，句意：很長一段時間我都不明白，為什么這棵樹會以這種方式引起我的注意。catchone’sattention為固定搭配，意為＂引起某人的注意＂，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：隨著時間的推移，原因變得很明顯了，引起我注意的不僅僅是樹本身，還包括它的根，雖然看不見，卻深深地扎根于地下，給樹提供穩(wěn)定性（使樹牢固地站立）和營養(yǎng)。unseen看不見的。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.light光；B.surroundings環(huán)境；周圍的事物；C.sources來源；D.water水。句意：隨著時間的推移，原因變得很明顯了，引起我注意的不僅僅是樹本身，還包括它的根，雖然看不見，卻深深地扎根于地下，給樹提供水和營養(yǎng)。故選D。【32題詳解】考查固定短語。A.stand站立；B.beating打；C.chance機會；D.turning轉(zhuǎn)向。句意：樹根允許樹能夠經(jīng)受挫折，因為有它們在支持它。takeabeating固定搭配，意為“受打擊，經(jīng)受挫折”，故選B。【33題詳解】考查連詞辨析，空格前一句句意為：我不禁問自己，我生命中的根在有多深。后一句句意：下一次當你發(fā)現(xiàn)你的孩子行為不端時，當你的工作快把你逼瘋時，當你的工資過低，你的錢又很緊張時，當生命的風暴肆虐時，回到你的根部?？芍昂髢删鋵儆谝蚬P(guān)系，思考過自己的根有多深，因此可以在風暴肆虐時回到根部。Thus因此。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：當你發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子行為不端時。A.misleading誤導；B.interpreting解釋；C.withdrawing撤回，撤銷；D.misbehaving行為不禮貌。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：當你的工資過低，你的預算又很緊張時。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，budget與前面的單詞underpaid相對應(yīng)，即當你感覺報酬不足，預算緊張時，因此A項正確。budget預算，經(jīng)費。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當人生中的風暴刮起時，那就回到你的根部吧。A.dream夢想；B.home家；C.roots根；D.trees樹。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞辨析，句意：他們會使你搖擺，使你彎曲，使你失去一些葉子，但是你的根越深，你站得越穩(wěn)。bend彎曲；前文提到樹干被大風刮得有點彎曲，這里指人生遇到的風暴也會讓人如同大樹一樣，有點彎曲，但是根系越深，人便站得越穩(wěn)，因此B項符合語境。故選B。【38題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：但是根系越深，人便站得越穩(wěn)。A.deeper更深；B.bigger更大；C.more更多D.brighter更明亮。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞辨析。考查固定短語，句意：無論風暴有多么強烈，都不要讓生活逼迫自己處于不舒服的境地。forcesbinto固定短語，意為“強迫某人……”，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的力量就在你的根上。courage勇氣；ambition野心，雄心；value價值；strength力量，力氣。上一段最后一句話中的＂thedeeperyourrootsthestrongeryoustand＂是對本題答案的提示，即：根系越深站得越穩(wěn)，就是說你的力量來自于你堅實的根基，故選D?！军c睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學會“推理”出最佳選項。同學們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第16小題要求判斷出人生充滿什么。該題可根據(jù)前文中提到的關(guān)于“storm”的例子，還有前面幾句話“thenexttimeyoucatchyourkidsmisbehaving,whenthejobisdrivingyoucrazy,whenyouareunderpaidandthemoneyistight,andwhenthestormsoflifeareraging,”中所提到的各類人生挫折，得出結(jié)論。20小題，上文提到＂thedeeperyourrootsthestrongeryoustand根系越深站得越穩(wěn)＂，就是說你的力量來自于你堅實的根基，所以選用strength。三、閱讀理解22.DidyouknowthatpeoplewholiveindifferentpartsofChinahavedifferenthabitsandpreferences？Forexample，peoplefromsouthernChinaprefertoeatvegetables，whilepeoplefromnorthChinaliketoeatmeat．Butwhatcausesthesedifferences？AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCellinOctober，genevariations（基因變異）mightberesponsibleforthesedifferences，Xinhuareported．Inthestudy，researchersfromChinesegenome-sequencing（基因組測序）firmBGIcollectedgeneticinformationfrom141，431Chinesewomen．Thewomencamefrom31provincesandconsistedof36ethnicminoritygroups．TheresearchersfoundthattherearesixgenefrequenciesthataredifferentamongpeoplefrombothnorthernandsouthernChina．TheyfoundthatnaturalselectionhasplayedanimportantroleinthewaysthatpeoplelivingindifferentregionsofChinahaveevolved，affectingtheirfoodpreferences，immunities（免疫性）toillnessandphysicaltraits（特點），theNewYorkTimesreported．TheresearchersreportedthatavariationofthegeneFADS2ismorecommonlyfoundinnorthernpeoplethanitisinsouthernpeople．Ithelpspeoplemetabolize（新陳代謝）fattyacids（脂肪酸），whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinmeat．AccordingtoXinhua，thisisduetoclimatedifferences．NorthernChinaisatahigherlatitude，whichmeansit'scoldanddrythroughoutthewholeyear．Thisweatherisdifficulttogrowvegetablesin．Therefore，northernerstendtoeatmoremeat．Thestudyalsofounddifferencesintheimmunesystemsofbothgroups．MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1，whichprotectsagainstmalaria（瘧疾）．ThisisbecausemalariawasoncequitecommoninsouthernChina．Inordertosurvive，thegenesofpeopleinthesouthevolvedtofightagainstthisdisease．However，peopleinthesoutharealsomorevulnerabletocertainblood-borneillnesses，astheylackthegenestostopthem．Genescanalsocausephysicaldifferencesbetweennorthernersandsoutherners．MostnorthernershavetheABCC11gene，whichcausesdryearwax（耳屎），lessbodyodorandfewersweatsecretions（分泌），TheNewYorkTimesreported．Thesephysicaldifferencesarealsomorebeneficialtolivingincoldenvironments．Southernersarelesslikelytohavethisgene，asitdidnotevolveintheirpopulation．8.What'sthenewstudymainlyabout？______A.ThegenesofChineseminoritygroups．B.HabitsofpeoplefromdifferentregionsofChina．C.DifferencesinthegenesofpeoplefromdifferentpartsofChina．D.Physicaldifferencesbetweennorthernersandsoutherners．9.AvariationofthegeneFADS2canhelpourbody______．A.storefat

B.digestmeatC.fightdisease

D.controlbodytemperature10.Theunderlinedword"vulnerable"inParagraph7isclosestinmeaningto______．A.unprotected

B.uninterestedC.generous

D.responsible11.ComparedwithpeopleinsouthChina，mostnortherners______．a(chǎn)．a(chǎn)reimmunetomalariab．catchblood-borneillnesseseasilyc．havelessbodyodord．sweatlessfrequentlyA.ab

B.bcC.bd

D.cd參考答案：8.C

9.B

10.A

11.D本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。文章主要講述了基因變異可能是導致中國北方和南方人在飲食、免疫系統(tǒng)和身體上的差異。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCellinOctober，genevariations（基因變異）mightberesponsibleforthesedifferences，Xinhuareported.可知據(jù)新華社報道，10月份發(fā)表在《細胞》雜志上的一項新研究表明，基因變異可能是導致這些差異的原因。由此可見，中國不同地區(qū)人的基因差異。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段TheresearchersreportedthatavariationofthegeneFADS2ismorecommonlyfoundinnorthernpeoplethanitisinsouthernpeople．Ithelpspeoplemetabolize（新陳代謝）fattyacids（脂肪酸），whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinmeat．可知研究人員報告說，F(xiàn)ADS2基因的變異在北方人中比在南方人中更常見．它幫助人們代謝肉類中富含的脂肪酸。由此可見，基因FADS2的變異可以幫助我們的身體消化肉類。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段However，peopleinthesoutharealsomorevulnerabletocertainblood-borneillnesses，astheylackthegenestostopthem．可知，然而，南方人也更容易受到某些血液傳播疾病的影響，因為他們?nèi)狈ψ柚顾麄兊幕颉Ｓ纱丝刹聹y出，vulnerable易受攻擊的，易受傷的。故選A?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段MostnorthernershavetheABCC11gene，whichcausesdryearwax（耳屎），lessbodyodorandfewersweatsecretions（分泌），TheNewYorkTimesreported．可知據(jù)《紐約時報》報道，大多數(shù)北方人都有ABCC11基因，該基因可導致耳垢干燥、體味降低和汗液分泌減少。由此可見，故選D。23.C

ArecentstudyofancientandmodemelephantshascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)species.

ThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitieswhentheywereexaminingthegeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodontomodemelephants-theAsianelephant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.

OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences(序列)fromtwofossils(化石),mammothsandmastodons,theteamcomparedthanwithDNAfrommodemelephants.TheyfoundtotheiramazementthatmodemforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.

ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.Thisresultamazedallthescientists.

Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificcommunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.

Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatA