人教版（2019）選擇性必修四Unit3SeaExplorationReadingandThinkingLearnaboutseaexplorationLearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:learnaboutChina’sexplorationoftheoceaninthepastandnowthroughreading;learnhowtoidentifyessaytypesandidentifythetypeoftheessayyouread;summarizethemainideaofeachparagraphsandanalyzethestructureoftheessay;thinkabouttheinfluenceofseaexploration;experiencethesignificanceoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.Lookanddiscuss.Lead-in1.Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseethephoto?2.Whatseaanimalsandplantsdoyouknow?3.Whatwordswouldyouusetodescribethesea?Ithinkthephotolookswonderful,andIwouldlovetogothereanddivetoseethefish.TherearemanyseaanimalsthatIknowabout,suchasdolphins,sharks,manatees,whales,shellfish,crabs,andseahorses.Iamlessfamiliarwithsea

plants,exceptperhapsseaweed.Tome,theseaisfulloflife.Even

whenyoucannotseeoceananimals,

theseaitselfisconstantlyinmotionandneverstandingstill.Assomethingfulloflife,theseaalsohasmoods.Sometimesitisbrightandcheerful,whileatothertimesitisstormyandangry.Doyouknowanystoriesaboutseavoyages?Shareyourstorywithapartner.Doyouknowanynavigators?Sharetheirstorieswithapartner.Nationality:____________________Time:_____________________

Achievement:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Navigator:_____________________

ZhengHeChinese1405-1433madesevenvoyagestotheWesternSeas;hisvoyagesareoneoftheworldnavigationfeatsinhistoryDoyouknowanynavigators?Sharetheirstorieswithapartner.Nationality:____________________Time:_____________________

Achievement:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Navigator:_____________________

ChristopherColumbusItalian1492discoveredanewworldDoyouknowanynavigators?Sharetheirstorieswithapartner.Nationality:____________________Time:_____________________

Achievement:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Navigator:_____________________

FerdinandMagellanPortuguese1519madethefirstvoyagearoundtheworldPredict.Pre-readingWhatwillbeintroducedinthisessay?Lookatthetitleandskimthetext.Decidewhattypeofessayitis.While-readingIdentifyessaytypesTherearefourmajortypesofessay:narrative,descriptive,expository,andargumentative.A

narrativeessay

is

astorywithabeginning,middle,andend.Adescriptiveessay

describesasubjectandlistsinterestingdetails.Anexpositoryessayisfactual,givinginformationonasubject.

Finally,anargumentativeessayaimstoconvincethereader.AnexpositoryessayVSAdescriptiveessayAnexpositoryessaynormallyhasthepurposeofexplainingorgivinginformationaboutsomething.Whileadescriptiveessaynormallydescribessomethingconcrete,anexpositoryessayusuallytellsinformationaboutsomethingabstract.Forexample,anexpositoryessaywilltalkaboutthevalueofsubwayssystems,whileadescriptiveessaymaytalkaboutsubwaytrains.anexpositoryessayReadthetextagain.Writedownthemainideaofeachparagraph.1.TravelfromeasttowestbeganlongbeforeColumbus.2.Inancienttimes,traveleasttowestwasontheSilkRoad.3.ZhengHe’sseavoyagesbuiltrelationswithothercountries.4.The21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoadhasencouragedcooperationandstrengthenedthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld(Today,theBeltandRoadInitiativeispickingupwhereZhengHeleftoff.)5.Chinaisalsojoiningwithothercountriesonotherimportantprojects.6.Chinawillcontinuetoexploretheseaandenhancerelationshipswithothercountries.Readthetextagain.Considerhowthepassageisdeveloped.Howisthepassagedeveloped?

time

sequence

process

problemandsolution

compareandcontrast

causeandeffect

definitionanddescriptionTimeinancient

timesinthe8th

centuryinMing

DynastytodayinthefutureScanthetextandfillinthetablewiththecorrectnames.theSilkRoadAfricanroyalfamiliestheArcticRomeSriLankatheMingDynastyDuHuanZhengHeMarcoPolo

Culturalnotes

CulturalnotesIngroups,discussthefollowingquestions.Makenotesundertwocolumns:FactsandOpinions.Post-readingWhichcountriesreachedoutacrosstheseainthepastandwhy?Whatbenefitsandproblemsdidthosecountriesgetfromdoingthis?Whateffectsdidreachingoutacrosstheseainthepasthaveontheworld?WhatdoyouthinkisthesignificanceoftheBeltandRoadInitiative?Now,the‘BeltandRoad’constructionisonits10thanniversary.20132023WordsandExpressions

However,merchantsandexplorersfromtheEastsetsailfromeasttowestmanyyearsbeforeColumbusfirstdid.(P26)

然而，在哥倫布首次啟航之前許多年，東方的商人和探險(xiǎn)家就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始自東向西航行。setsail

起航；開(kāi)航搭配setsail(from

...)

for

...

（從……）起航去……setsailfor中的for不能換為to，類似的還有l(wèi)eavefor（動(dòng)身去），headfor（朝……去）。例句AftertheCollegeEntranceExamination,wewillbidfarewelltoeachotherandsetsailforanunknownfuture.高考結(jié)束后，我們將告別彼此并啟航駛向未知的未來(lái)。1

AtradingrouteacrosstheseawasalsoextendedalongthecoastsoftheIndianOcean,centredaroundCeylon(nowSriLanka).(P26)

以錫蘭（今斯里蘭卡）為中心的一條橫踦海洋的貿(mào)易路線沿印度洋海岸延伸。extend

/?k?stend/

vt.擴(kuò)展；使伸長(zhǎng)；延長(zhǎng)搭配extendthedeadline

延長(zhǎng)最后期限 extendafence/road/house

擴(kuò)建護(hù)欄/公路/房子extendaninvitation

發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)extendmysinceregratitudeforyourguidance 對(duì)你的指導(dǎo)表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝extendthehandoffriendshiptoanothercountry 向另一個(gè)國(guó)家伸出友誼之手例句ThecompanyplanstoextenditsoperationsintoEurope.公司打算將業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展至歐洲。2

Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueoftheirownatthattime.(P26)

當(dāng)時(shí)，這些船隊(duì)極為壯觀，獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷。league

/li?ɡ/

n.等級(jí)；水平；聯(lián)合會(huì)；聯(lián)賽inaleagueofone’sown

獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷例句Asaprimeminister,heisinaleagueofhisown.作為首相，他獨(dú)領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷。拓展inadifferentleaguefromus 與我們不屬同一個(gè)級(jí)別notinherleague 水平遠(yuǎn)比不上她outofourleague 超出我們的水平Thebakeryissoexpensivethatitisoutofourleague.這家面包店太貴了，我們買不起。3

...,andstrengthenthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.(P27)……，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)中國(guó)與世界其他地區(qū)之間的聯(lián)系。bond

/b?nd/

n.紐帶；關(guān)系

vt.&vi.增強(qiáng)信任關(guān)系；使牢固結(jié)合搭配aclosebond 緊密的關(guān)系 anemotionalbond 感情紐帶astronglifelongbond 終生的深厚關(guān)系 bondtogether 結(jié)合在一起abondbetweenAandB A與B之間的關(guān)系例句Itisahappyandpeacefulfestivalforfamilyandfriendstogettogetherandabondforpeopletodeepentheirfeelings.這是一個(gè)家人和朋友歡聚一堂、加深感情紐帶的快樂(lè)祥和的節(jié)日。4

Hundredsofyearson,andwiththelatesttechnologyinhand,theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(P27)

數(shù)百年過(guò)去了，由于擁有了最新技術(shù)，在貿(mào)易的必要性和增進(jìn)關(guān)系的愿望的驅(qū)動(dòng)下，中國(guó)將跨海越洋，邁向