第第頁(yè)人教版（2023）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionLanguagepointsPPT(共30張)(共30張PPT)

melt

ecology

habitable

sustain

thewayinwhichplants,animals,andpeoplearerelatedtoeachotherandtotheirenvironment,orthescientificstudyofthis

tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime

goodenoughforpeopletolivein

itchangestoaliquid,usuallybecauseithasbeenheated.

Matching

詞根詞綴：eco-經(jīng)濟(jì)，生態(tài)-logy學(xué)說(shuō)

ecologicaladj.生態(tài)的;生態(tài)學(xué)的

ecologistn.生態(tài)學(xué)家ecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

fuel

comprehensive

worldwide

trend

includingallthenecessaryfacts,details,orproblemsthatneedtobedealtwith

asubstancesuchascoal,gas,oroilthatcanbeburnedtoproduceheatorenergy

ageneraltendencyinthewayasituationischangingordeveloping

everywhereintheworld

frequently

broadcast

policy

footprint

awayofdoingsomethingthathasbeenofficiallyagreedandchosenbyapoliticalparty,business,orotherorganization

veryoftenormanytimes

amarkmadebyafootorshoe

tosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammes

1.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

Thereislittledoubt...幾乎沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)的是……

Thereisnodoubtthat...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的是……

Thereissomedoubtaboutsth.對(duì)……值得懷疑

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明doubt的具體內(nèi)容

注意：doubt前有否定意義的詞修飾時(shí)，其后的同位語(yǔ)從句由that引導(dǎo)；doubt前有肯定意義的詞修飾時(shí)，其后的同位語(yǔ)從句由whether或if引導(dǎo)。

e.g.Ontheotherhand,thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeople.

Thereisnodoubtthatheishonest.

Thereissomedoubtabouthisability.

IhavesomedoubtwhetherhewillbefitintimefornextSunday’smatch.

2.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.

who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞scientists

that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞all,that不能用which代替

句意：根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊尸體的科學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，這只北極熊只剩下了“皮和骨頭”。

3.Anexportwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.

本句中appear是系動(dòng)詞，tohavestarvedanddied是不定式作表語(yǔ)。starve這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在appear之前，所以用完成式的形式來(lái)表達(dá)。

starvev.tosufferordiebecauseyoudonothaveenoughtoeat(使)挨餓;餓死

e.g.Thousandsofpeoplewillstarveiffooddoesn'treachthere.

Theschoolsarestarvedoffunding.

starvetodeath餓死

bestarveof/for缺乏/急需……

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。

1)那次饑荒(famine)中有許多人餓死了。

2)那個(gè)可憐的孩子急需關(guān)注。

3)給我準(zhǔn)備些吃的！我快餓死了！

Manypeoplestarvedtodeathbecauseofthefamine.

Thepoorkidisjuststarvedforattention.

Pleasepreparesomefoodforme.I’mstarving!

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the“greenhouseeffect”

過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞process

句意：氣候?qū)W家經(jīng)常提到一個(gè)被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過(guò)程，它有兩個(gè)常見(jiàn)的含義：“自然”溫室效應(yīng)和“人為”溫室效應(yīng)。

4.Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.

5.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.

releasevt.:toletasubstanceflowout排放；釋放

releasesth.intosth.

e.g.Oilwasreleasedintothesea.

Coalpowerstationsreleasesulphurdioxide(二氧化硫)

intotheatmosphere.

releasevt.:toletnewsorofficialinformationbeknownandprinted發(fā)布

e.g.Thelatestnewshasjustbeenreleasedtothemedia.

releasen.排放；釋放；發(fā)布

e.g.Theaccidentcausedthereleaseofradioactivity(放射性物質(zhì))intotheatmosphere.

Therearestrictrulesonthereleaseofofficialinformation.

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】單句語(yǔ)法填空。

Theprisonerhasservedhissentenceand_______________(release)tomorrow.

Whenshewasalone,sheburstintotears,______________(release)allheremotions.

willbereleased

releasing

6.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.

sustainv.tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime保持，維持，使持續(xù)

e.g.Shefounditdifficulttosustainthechildren'sinterest.

sustainv.tosufferdamage,aninjury,orlossofmoney遭受，經(jīng)受

e.g.Twoofthefire-fighterssustainedseriousinjuries.

【拓展】

sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的，合理利用的

sustainableeconomicgrowth經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。

1)Theicewastoothinto_____________________(承受體重)ofthegoat.

2)Thetyphoonleft,andthecityhad______________________(遭受巨大破壞).

3)Theaimofthemeetingwastopromote__________________________(可持續(xù)發(fā)展)inthatarea.

sustaintheweight

sustainedgreatdamage

sustainabledevelopment

7.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedtheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

hugeamountsof+不可數(shù)名詞大量，許多

修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式

ahugeamountof+不可數(shù)名詞大量，許多

修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式

e.g.Ahugeamountofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.

e.g.Hugeamountsofdamagehavebeendoneinashorttime.

(1)一般只用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的有：

agreat/goodmany,agreat/large/goodnumberof,quiteafew等。

(2)一般只用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:

quitealittle,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,largeamountsof等。

【歸納】

表示“許多，大量”的短語(yǔ)：

(3)既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：

plentyof,alotof,lotsof,amassof,massesof等，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于它們后面所接的名詞的形式。

(4)alargequantityof和largequantitiesof后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，又可接不可數(shù)名詞，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要由quantity的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來(lái)決定。

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。

1)It’sreportedthatagoodamountofmoney______(was/were)spenttopreventandcontroldesertification(荒漠化).

2)Alargenumberofhouses______(was/were)destroyedintheearthquake.

3)Ithinkthatlargeamountsoftime______(is/are)wastedinwatchingTVseries.

4)Alargequantityofflowers______(has/have)beenplantedinourschool.

was

were

are

has

8.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.

主句

剩余的部分是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋evidence的具體內(nèi)容。

notonly…,butalso…是兩個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

9.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.

現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾rainstormsandheatwaves

broadcastv.tosendoutradioortelevisionprogrammes廣播;播送

e.g.TheinterviewwasbroadcastliveacrossChina.

broadcastv.totellsth.toalotofpeople使廣為傳播，散布

e.g.Don’tbroadcastthefactthathelosthisjob.

broadcastn.aprogrammeontheradioorontelevision

廣播節(jié)目;電視節(jié)目

anewsbroadcast一檔新聞節(jié)目

alivebroadcastoftheconcert音樂(lè)會(huì)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播

【點(diǎn)撥】

alivebroadcast(n.)

broadcast(v.)live

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播

10.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.

resultin:tomakesomethinghappen導(dǎo)致，造成

e.g.Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopassengers.

Oureffortsresultedinsuccess.

【拓展】

resultfrom...由……造成；因……而產(chǎn)生

asaresultof...由于……的結(jié)果

asaresult結(jié)果(在句中常用作插入語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞)

egHisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.

Heisunabletogotoschoolasaresultofthefallfromhishorse.

Hesavedthelifeoftheboss’daughter.Asaresulthewasgivenanexcellentjob.

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】翻譯下面句子。

1)他的粗心導(dǎo)致了他的失敗。

2)他犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤，因此失去了工作。

3)疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。

Hiscarelessnessresultedinhisfailure.

Hemadeonebigmistake,andasaresulthelosthisjob./Helosthisjobasaresultofonebigmistake.

Sicknessoftenresultsfromlackofsleep.

11.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.

restrictvt.tolimitorcontrolthesize,amount,orrangeofsomething限制；限定

e.g.Infuturewewillrestrictclasssizesto20students.

I'mrestrictingmyselftoapieceofcandyaday.

省略了that/which的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞carbondioxide

restrictionn.aruleorlawthatlimitsorcontrolswhatpeoplecando限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束

e.g.Theparkisopentothepublicwithoutrestriction.

Itisaclubwithstrictrestrictionsonitsmembership.

Iamrestrictedtothreecupsofteaaday.

【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】翻譯下列句子。

1)我被限制一天喝三杯茶。

2)他不喜歡他們限制他選擇的自由。

Hedislikestheirrestrictionofhisfreedomofchoice.

12.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusintheplanet.

seizevt.totakeholdofsomething