2023年自考類英語(yǔ)自考英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況題庫(kù)卷I一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.theBritishConstitution2.InBritain,thehighestjudicialappointmentsaremadebytheQueenontheadviceof______.A.theLordChancellorB.thePrimeMinisterC.theSpeakerD.theAttorneyGeneral3.Elizabeth'srelationshipwithParliamentwasoften______.A.peacefulB.turbulentC.cooperativeD.harmonious4.MigrationinIrelanddeclinedsharply______.A.duringWWⅠB.inrecentyearsC.intheearlydecadesofthe20thcenturyD.aftertheestablishmentoftheIrishFreeState5.CompulsoryeducationbeginsatfiveinGreatBritainandfourinNorthernIreland,whenchildrengoto______.A.infantschoolsB.juniorschoolsC.independentschoolD.primaryschool6.WhendidtheRenaissancebegininEngland?7.ThesymbolsthatareassociatedwithValentine'sDayarethefollowingexcept______.A.cardsdecoratedwithheartsB.CupidarmedwithbowandarrowC.flowerstiedwithredribbonsD.toastturkey8.WhydidWilliamⅠgivehisbaronslargeestatesinEngland?9.______totheConstitution,asthefoundationoftheAmericanconstitutionalsystem,werecalledtheBillofRights.A.ThefirstthreeamendmentsB.ThefirstfiveamendmentsC.ThefirsttenamendmentsD.Thefirsttwelveamendments10.WhatwasPuritanismnotedfor?11.WhyisWinnipegcalledtheChicagoofCanada?12.WhatismulticulturalisminCanada?13.WhatwasthesignificanceoftheEnglishCivilWar?14.WhatpolicydidtheUnitedStatespursueduringtheearlyperiodofWWI?15.Whatwasthe"GreatCompromise"ofJuly6,1787?16.ThespiritoftheGreatCharterwas______.A.alimitationofthepowersofthekingB.aguaranteeofthefreedomoftheserfsC.alimitationofthepowersoftheChurchD.adeclarationofequalityamongallpeople17.IntheU.S.,constitutionalamendmentcangointoeffectafteritisapprovedby______.A.atwo-thirdsvoteofbothhousesB.three-fourthsofthestatesC.two-thirdsofthestatesD.halfofthestates18.WilliamtheConqueror19.ThefirstBritishsettlerscametoNewZealandin1840through______,andtheyhopedtostartmodelcoloniesbyplannedmigration.A.theNewZealandCompanyB.theBritishEastIndiaCompanyC.aprivateimmigrationagencyD.theDutchEastIndiaCompany20.______wasfoundedin1969,andbeganitsfirstcoursein1970.A.GlasgowUniversityB.AberdeenUniversityC.TheOpenUniversityD.StAndrewsUniversity21.Inthelate18thandearly19thcenturiesRadicalswereactiveinEnglishParliamentspreadingradicalideaswhosecommonaimwasthoroughreformofthe______.A.politicalSystemB.religioussystemC.ParliamentarysystemD.hereditarymonarchy22.NewZealandissituatedabout1,500kmto______ofAustralia.A.southwestB.northwestC.northeastD.southeast23.ThefirstwomanprimeministerinBritainwas______whocametopowerin______.A.MargaretThatcher,1979B.ElizabethⅠ,1979C.EdwardHeath,1973D.HaroldMacmillan,195024.WhatisthesignificanceoftheNormanConquest?25.NewZealandisthefirstcountryintheworldtogetthenewdaybecause______.A.itislocatedintheSouthernPacificOceanB.itisjusteastoftheInternationalDateLineC.itisjustwestoftheInternationalDateLineD.itislocatedhalfwaybetweentheequatorandtheSouthPole26.WhichstatementaboutAmericaneducationisNOTtrue?______A.Elementaryandsecondaryeducationisfreeandnoncompulsory.B.Therearemorepublicelementaryandsecondaryschoolsthanprivateones.C.Publicschoolsarefinanciallysupportedandgovernedbystatesorcommunities.D.Publicandprivateschoolsrefertothewayinwhichtheseinstitutionsarefundedandcontrolled.27.InCanada,AustraliaandNewZealand,______istheofficialheadofstate.A.PrimeMinsterB.Governor-GeneralC.PresidentD.QueeninBritain28.WhatwerethenamesoftwogreatwallsbuiltbytheRomans?29.InBritain,whatdoesBBCstandfor?30.WasthereligiousreformofElizabethⅠradical?31.WhendidEirebecometheRepublicofIreland?32.Germanbombing-raidsdestroyedmanyEnglishcities,ofwhich______wastheworsthit.A.CoventryB.LondonC.ManchesterD.Birmingham33.WhoarethenativepeoplelivinginAustralia?34.GiveanExampletoillustratethehighlyaggressiveandintolerantnationalismin1919and1920intheUnitedStates?35.WhatwasPuritanismnotedfor?36.MarkTwain'smasterworkwas______.A.TheScarletLetterB.LeavesofGrassC.TheSketchBookD.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn37.______areassociatedwithHalloween.A.Ghostcostumesandwitches'hatsB.PumpkinLanternsC.TrickortreatD.Alloftheabove38.TheInuitandIndiansinnorthernCanada______.A.havestoppedhuntingB.havemovedfromtentstohousesintownsC.haveexperiencedmuchchangeintheirlifestylesD.havetotallygotusedtothenon-nativeCanadianwayoflife39.Asaresultoftheindustrialrevolution,Britainwasby1830the"______".A.industrialleaderoftheworldB.LeadingSeaPoweroftheWorldC.workshopoftheworldD.industrializedcountryoftheworld40.Whatisthedifferencebetweenanacademichighschoolandatechnicalhighschool?41.AftertheUnitedStatesboughtthe______foronly$15million,itsterritoryalmostdoubled.A.OhioTerritoryB.GadsdenTerritoryC.LouisianaTerritoryD.NewMexicoTerritory42.Since1971theCanadiangovernmenthasadoptedapolicyof______,recognizingthatculturalpluralismwithinabilingualframeworkistheessenceoftheCanadianidentity.A.assimilationB.integrationC.multiculturalismD.genderequality43.Sincethe1940sand1950s,Australianculturehascomemoreandmoreundertheinfluenceof______masscultureandgiantentertainmentindustry.A.BritishB.AmericanC.FrenchD.Italian44.WhatwerethecornerstonesofAmerica'stwenty-five-yeareconomicboomsince1945?45.______isnowoneofthetwoofficiallanguagesofAotearoainNewZealand.A.MaoriB.FrenchC.HollandD.Polynesia46.Inthelate15thcentury,ChristopherColumbus,a(n)______navigator,ledhismentosailacrossthevastoceanandreachedsomesmallislandsinthenowWestIndies.A.FrenchB.SpanishC.ItalianD.English47.InAustraliatheConstitutioncanbechangedonlyby______.A.referendumB.theparliamentC.theBritishmonarchD.theSupremeCourt48.TheincidentthatmadetheUnitedStatesformallydeclarewaragainsttheAxisPowerswas______.A.theGreatDepressionB.theattackontheSovietUnionC.theJapaneseinvasionofChinaD.thebombingofPearlHarborin194149.Historically,Irelandhasbeenfreeofethnicconflictsbecauseofits______.A.racialunityB.racialhomogeneityC.multi-culturalismD.highrateofemigration50.TheSpeakerinBritainisrequiredtodothefollowingexcept______.A.beingimpartialB.abstainingfromdebatingorvotingonameasureC.makingsurethatallpointsofviewhaveafairhearingD.summoninganddissolvingparliament卷I參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：theBritishConstitution:ThereisnowrittenconstitutionintheUnitedKingdom.TheBritishConstitutionisnotsetoutinanysingledocument,butmadeupofstatutelaw,commonlawandconventions.TheJudiciarydeterminescommonlawandinterpretsstatutes.2.參考答案：B[解析]在英國(guó)，最高級(jí)別的司法官任命由女王根據(jù)首相的建議做出。3.參考答案：B[解析]伊麗莎白與議會(huì)的關(guān)系經(jīng)常動(dòng)蕩不安。4.參考答案：D[解析]愛爾蘭自由邦建立后(1921年)，移民數(shù)量銳減。5.參考答案：A[解析]在大不列顛孩子5歲開始接受義務(wù)教育，北愛爾蘭為4歲。孩子們先上幼兒學(xué)校。6.參考答案：InEngland,theRenaissancewasusuallythoughofasbeginningwiththeaccessionoftheHouseofTudortothethronein1485.7.參考答案：D[解析]圣瓦倫丁節(jié)是情人的節(jié)日。人們普遍贈(zèng)送裝飾有兩顆心和鮮花的卡片表達(dá)愛；有時(shí)人們把愛情信息放在一個(gè)心形的巧克力盒子里。或者放在用紅絲帶系好的一束鮮花里；糖果、香水、珠寶或是帶有心形和弓箭武裝起來的丘比特(羅馬愛神)的圖片也可以用來表達(dá)愛情。8.參考答案：WilliamⅠgavelargeestatestohisbaronsbecausehewantedtogetapromiseofmilitaryserviceandaproportionoftheland'sproduce.9.參考答案：C[解析]1789年，詹姆斯·麥迪遜在眾議院提出了一系列的修正法案，后來這些法案被起草成十二條修正法案提交各州討論。其中有兩條沒被各州通過，其余十條于1791年通過，成為憲法的前十項(xiàng)修正案——《人權(quán)法案》。從那時(shí)起美國(guó)就完成了憲法體制的建立。10.參考答案：Itwasnotedforsimpledress,highmoralstandardsandveryegalitarianattitudes.11.參考答案：Becausealleast-westrailtrafficpassesthrough'thecityanditisanimportantcollectionandshippingpointfortheproductsoftheprairie.12.參考答案：MulticulturalisminCanadaisanofficialpolicyadoptedbythefederalgovernmentin1971.Throughvariousfundingarrangements,thepolicyencouragesethniccommunitiestokeepalivetheirlanguagesandculturaltraditions.[考點(diǎn)]Canada(Ⅰ)LandandPeople13.參考答案：ItnotonlyoverthrewfeudalsysteminEnglandbutalsoshookthefoundationofthefeudalruleinEurope.Itisgenerallyregardedasthebeginningofmodernworldhistory.14.參考答案：TheUnitedStatespursuedaPolicyofpro-Allypartiality.15.參考答案：TheGreatCompromisegaveeachstateanequalvoteintheSenatebutmaderepresentationintheHousereflectthesizeofeachstate'spopulation.16.參考答案：A[解析]大憲章的精神是限制王權(quán)，置王權(quán)于封建法律的約束下。17.參考答案：B[解析]在美國(guó)，修正案必須經(jīng)過3/4的州的批準(zhǔn)才能生效。18.參考答案：WilliamwastheDukeofNormandy.HelandedhisarmyinOct.,1066anddefeatedKingHarold.ThenhewascrownedKingofEnglandonChristmasDaythesameyear.HeestablishedastrongNormangovernmentandthefeudalsysteminEngland.19.參考答案：A[解析]第一批英國(guó)移民是1840年由新西蘭公司運(yùn)進(jìn)來的，這是一個(gè)由愛德華·西伯恩·衛(wèi)科費(fèi)爾德和其他一些人在英國(guó)組建的公司，他們希望通過有計(jì)劃的遷移創(chuàng)辦出模范殖民地。20.參考答案：C[解析]開放大學(xué)是非住宿大學(xué)，以白金漢郡的新城彌爾頓·凱恩斯為基地。之所以叫開放大學(xué)是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)所有要上學(xué)的人“開放”。該大學(xué)于1969年成立，1970年開設(shè)第一門課程。21.參考答案：C[解析]議會(huì)中的激進(jìn)派分子認(rèn)為，只有徹底的改革才能解決根本問題。他們占少數(shù)，但在18世紀(jì)末、19世紀(jì)初非?；钴S，廣泛散播激進(jìn)觀點(diǎn)。其一個(gè)共同目標(biāo)是徹底改革議會(huì)制度。22.參考答案：D[解析]從新西蘭西北1500公里，跨過塔斯曼海，是澳大利亞。23.參考答案：A[解析]1979年的選舉使保守黨再次上臺(tái)，瑪格麗特·撤切爾成為英國(guó)首位女首相。24.參考答案：TheNormanConquestendedtheEnglishhistoryofbeinginvaded.25.參考答案：C[解析]新西蘭正好位于國(guó)際日期變更線以西的第一個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)，所以它是第一個(gè)迎接新一天的國(guó)家。26.參考答案：A[解析]美國(guó)的初等和中等教育屬公立教育，是免費(fèi)的，也是強(qiáng)制的。27.參考答案：D[解析]雖然英國(guó)是君主所在地，但女王也是澳大利亞、加拿大和新西蘭這些英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家的國(guó)家元首。在這些國(guó)家，女王由總督代表。總督由其所在國(guó)的大臣提出建議再由女王任命，但總督完全獨(dú)立于英國(guó)政府。28.參考答案：TheyaretheHadrian'sWallandtheAntonineWall.29.參考答案：BritishBroadcastingCorporation.30.參考答案：No,itwasacompromiseofviews.31.參考答案：EirebecametheRepublicofIrelandinApril1949.32.參考答案：A[解析]德國(guó)的轟炸摧毀了許多城市，考文垂市受創(chuàng)最重。自從三百年以前的倫敦大火以來，德國(guó)閃電戰(zhàn)首次令倫敦面目全非。33.參考答案：TheyaretheAboriginals.34.參考答案：ExamplessuchastheRedScare,thedeathsentenceofSaccoandVanzetti,andtherevivalofKuKluxKlan.35.參考答案：Itwasnotedforsimpledress,highmoralstandardsandveryegalitarianattitudes.36.參考答案：D[解析]《哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》成為馬克·吐溫的代表作。37.參考答案：D[解析]如今的萬圣節(jié)除夕的習(xí)俗是沿襲許多古代的傳統(tǒng)——人們相信惡魔和鬼怪在萬圣節(jié)前夕會(huì)飛出來，人們要點(diǎn)燃焰火來驅(qū)走這些鬼怪。因此孩子們都穿上鬼怪服裝，戴上面具、巫婆的帽子，吃玉米糖，提一盞南瓜